| | - Zile
- (from the article "Zile") town, Tokat il (province), east-central Turkey. Lying in a fertile plain crossed by the Yesil River, the town is at the foot of a hill crowned by ...
- Zile
- town, Tokat il (province), east-central Turkey. Lying in a fertile plain crossed by the Yesil River, the town is at the foot of a hill crowned by ...
- Zilijun
- (from the article "China") ...mainland. The reformists strove to unite with the powerful, secret Society of Brothers and Elders (Gelaohui) in the Yangtze River region. In 1899 Kang's followers organized the Independence Army (Zilijun) ...
- Zilina
- town, north-central Slovakia. It lies along the Vah River at its confluence with the Kysuca and Rajcianka rivers. Originally an early 13th-century Slavic trading settlement, Zilina became a free royal ... [1 Related Articles]
- Zille, Helen
- (from the article "South Africa") In May, Cape Town Mayor Helen Zille replaced Tony Leon as leader of the main opposition party, the Democratic Alliance. In January Zille's coalition government in Cape Town had been ...
- Ziller, Tuiskon
- German educator noted for his application of Johann Friedrich Herbart's educational precepts to the German elementary school. [1 Related Articles]
- Zilliacus, Konni
- Finnish patriot and leader of a daring anti-Russian Finnish nationalist group during the Russo-Japanese War (1904-05) and the Russian Revolution of 1905, who inspired a later generation of Finnish anti-Russian ...
- Zillow.com
- (from the article "Computers and Information Systems") In February Richard Barton (see Biographies), creator of the travel Web site Expedia.com, introduced a new Web site called Zillow.com, which provided sales information and building details ...
- Zimba
- (from the article "Southern Africa") ...the Zambezi valley on the Mutapa state was minimal until the late 16th century. In the 1560s, however, their hold was probably strengthened with the appearance in Zambesia of people ...
- Zimba, Yeshey
- (from the article "Bhutan") ...(2005 est.): 776,000 (excluding more than 100,000 refugees in Nepal) | Capital: Thimphu | Head of state: Druk Gyalpo (King) Jigme Singye Wangchuk | Head of government: Prime Ministers Lyonpo ...
- Zimbabwe
- landlocked country of southern Africa. It shares a 125-mile (200-kilometre) border on the south with the Republic of South Africa and is bounded on the southwest and west by Botswana, ... [46 Related Articles]
- zimbabwe
- (from the article "Mozambique") ...many nyika, developed in the upper reaches of the Limpopo River. It was the earliest of the settlements featuring stone enclosures, or zimbabwes.place in ...
- Zimbabwe African National Union (Popular Front)
- (from the article "Zimbabwe") At a meeting of EU and African leaders in Lisbon in December, German Chancellor Angela Merkel launched a powerful verbal attack on Mugabe's government, but on December 13 a special ...
- Zimbabwe African People's Union
- (from the article "Mugabe, Robert") Mugabe returned to Rhodesia in 1960, and in 1963 he helped the Reverend Ndabaningi Sithole to form the Zimbabwe African National Union (ZANU) as a breakaway from Joshua Nkomo's Zimbabwe ...
- Zimbabwe Congress of Trade Unions
- (from the article "Tsvangirai, Morgan") ...Nickel Mine in 1974 and was an active member of the Associated Mineworkers Union. In 1988, after working his way through the ranks of the labour organization, he became secretary-general ...
- Zimbabwe Cricket Union
- (from the article "Cricket") ...cricket was mirroring the chaos evident elsewhere in the country, with 15 of the top players boycotting the international side to protest the corruption and increasing politicization of the Zimbabwe ...
- Zimbabwe, flag of
- national flag consisting of horizontal stripes of green-yellow-red above and red-yellow-green below a central black stripe. A white hoist triangle bears a red star and the Zimbabwe Bird. The flag's ...
- Zimbabwe, history of
- (from the article "Zimbabwe") This discussion mainly focuses on the history of Zimbabwe since the late 15th century. For treatment of earlier periods and of the country in its regional context, see Southern Africa.Botswana
- Zimbabwean literature
- (from the article "Literature") ...was published at year's end, and his 2001 play King Baabu, a satire on the dictatorship of Nigeria's Gen. Sani Abacha, appeared in print. Two nonfiction works that focused on ...
- Zimbalist, Sam
- (from the article "1959: Best Picture") Other Nominees
- Zimbra
- (from the article "Computers and Information Systems") ...that sought to show consumers relevant advertising by tracking their behaviour as they moved from one Web site to another, a type of behavioral targeting. Yahoo! also paid $350 million ...
- Zimmer, Hans
- (from the article "1994: Other Winners") ...FictionAdapted Screenplay: Eric Roth for Forrest GumpCinematography: John Toll for Legends of the FallArt Direction: Ken Adam for The Madness of King GeorgeOriginal Score: Hans Zimmer for The Lion KingOriginal ...
- Zimmer, Heinrich
- (from the article "Campbell, Joseph") While working on his first book, A Skeleton Key to Finnegans Wake (1944; coauthored with Henry Morton Robinson), Campbell attended the lectures of Heinrich Zimmer (1890-1943), a ...
- Zimmerman, C. F.
- (from the article "autoharp") ...invented by Karl August Gutter of Markneukirchen, Germany. In 1882 a U.S. patent for the autoharp (a modified version of the Akkordzither) was granted to Charles F. ...
- Zimmerman, Eugene
- (from the article "comic strip") ...cents or one half-penny) magazines on both sides of the Atlantic. Frederick Burr Opper (who went on to create the comic strip "Happy Hooligan"), F.M. Howarth, Syd Griffin, and especially ...
- Zimmerman, John Gerald
- American sports photographer (b. Oct. 30, 1927, Pacoima, Calif.-d. Aug. 3, 2002, Monterey, Calif.), helped develop modern sports photojournalism. He was a pioneer in the use of lighting at indoor ...
- Zimmerman, Joseph James, Jr.
- American inventor (b. 1912, Milwaukee, Wis.-d. March 31, 2004, Brookfield, Wis.), in 1948 developed, with George Danner, the first telephone answering machine. His Electronic Secretary sold more than 6,000 units ...
- Zimmerman, Mary
- On June 2, 2002, the Tony Award for best direction of a play went to Mary Zimmerman for Metamorphoses, which also received nominations for best play and best scenic design. ...
- Zimmerman, Thomas
- (from the article "virtual reality") ...The first data glove, developed in 1977 at the University of Illinois for a project funded by the National Endowment for the Arts, was called the Sayre Glove after one ...
- Zimmermann Telegram
- (from the article "cryptology") ...attack on the Aleutian Islands and about the Japanese order of attack on Midway. Another famous example of cryptanalytic success was the deciphering by the British during World War I ...
- Zimmermann, Arthur
- German foreign secretary during part of World War I (1916-17), the author of a sensational proposal to Mexico to enter into an alliance against the United States. [2 Related Articles]
- Zimmermann, Bernd Alois
- (from the article "theatre music") Most of these manifestations incorporated two different kinds of musical contribution. One has been defined by a 20th-century German composer, Bernd Alois Zimmermann:All elements of the theatre of movement, including ...
- Zimmermann, Dominikus
- Bavarian Baroque architect and stuccoist whose church at Wies (now in Baden-Wurttemberg) is considered one of the finest accomplishments of Baroque architecture.
- Zimmermann, Egon
- (from the article "Olympic Games") ...before his 15th birthday, becoming the youngest athlete to win a Winter Games medal. Tragedy struck the men's downhill as an Australian skier was killed during a practice run. The ...
- Zimmermann, Johann Baptist
- (from the article "Zimmermann, Dominikus") ...Johann Schmutzer and initially worked as a stuccoist. His earliest independent building design is the Dominican convent church at Modingen (1716-21), in which he was aided by his brother Johann ...
- Zimmerwald Conference
- (from the article "Chernov, Viktor Mikhaylovich") ...committee, wrote the party's platform, and edited Revolyutsionnaya Rossiya ("Revolutionary Russia"). In exile in western Europe when World War I broke out, Chernov attended the Zimmerwald Conference of 1915 (a ...
- Zimorowic, Jozef Bartlomiej
- Polish-Latin Baroque writer, prolific author of satiric and erotic epigrams.
- Zimrilim
- (from the article "Hammurabi") ...It is unknown whether this was a protective move on his part or a reaction on theirs to the change in the balance of power. The motives that led Hammurabi ...
- Zimyatov, Nikolay
- Soviet cross-country skier who was the first man in the sport to win three gold medals at a single Winter Olympics (1980). [1 Related Articles]
- zinc
- chemical element, low-melting metal of Group IIb (zinc group) of the periodic table, essential to life, and one of the most widely used metals. Zinc was known in Roman times ... [25 Related Articles]
- zinc blast furnace
- (from the article "metallurgy") The zinc blast furnace also is a sealed furnace, with a charge of sintered zinc oxide and preheated coke added through a sealed charging bell. The furnace is rectangular, with ...
- zinc chloride
- (from the article "zinc") ...compound in the production of zinc from its ores by the electrolytic process. It is used as a weed killer, in the manufacture of viscose rayon, and in dyeing, in ...
- zinc chloride cell
- (from the article "Common household batteries") While first patented in 1899, the zinc chloride battery is really a modern adaptation of the zinc-carbon battery. Its commercial success is attributable in part to the development of plastic ...
- zinc chromate
- (from the article "chromium processing") ...polishing. Chromium yellow varies greatly in the shades available and is essentially lead chromate, or crocoite. This pigment makes an excellent paint for both wood and metal. Zinc yellow, a ...
- zinc deficiency
- (from the article "nutritional disease") A constituent of numerous enzymes, zinc plays a structural role in proteins and regulates gene expression. Zinc deficiency in humans was first reported in the 1960s in Egypt and Iran, ...
- zinc group element
- any of the three metals that comprise Group IIb of the periodic table of elements-namely, zinc (Zn), cadmium (Cd), and mercury (Hg). (See .) They have properties in common, but ... [3 Related Articles]
- zinc oxide
- (from the article "paint") ...gelatin, and beeswax. By 1500 BC the Egyptians were using dyes such as indigo and madder to make blue and red pigments. The exploitation of linseed oil (a drying oil ...
- zinc oxide-eugenol
- (from the article "bioceramics") ...prevent caries). The ability to bond chemically to tooth structure is desirable, although mechanical retention is usually sufficient. The major ceramic dental cement systems are zinc phosphate and zinc oxide-eugenol ...
- zinc phosphate
- (from the article "bioceramics") ...helping to prevent caries). The ability to bond chemically to tooth structure is desirable, although mechanical retention is usually sufficient. The major ceramic dental cement systems are zinc phosphate and ...
- zinc processing
- preparation of the ore for use in various products. [3 Related Articles]
- zinc selenide
- (from the article "spectroscopy") ...near-infrared region either a quartz plate or silicon deposited on a quartz plate is used. In the mid-infrared region a variety of optical-grade crystals, such as calcium flouride (CaF2), zinc ...
- zinc silicate
- (from the article "fluorescent lamp") ...ultraviolet radiation. The inside of the tube is coated with phosphors, substances that absorb ultraviolet radiation and fluoresce (reradiate the energy as visible light). Two common phosphors are zinc silicate ...
- zinc sulfate
- (from the article "lithopone") ...and darkening in atmospheres that contain sulfur compounds. Lithopone is an insoluble mixture of barium sulfate and zinc sulfide that precipitates upon mixing solutions of barium sulfide and zinc sulfate. ...
- zinc sulfide
- (from the article "electricity") ...however, they can acquire enough energy between collisions to excite atoms in the next collision and produce radiation as the atoms de-excite. A voltage applied across a thin layer of ...
- zinc yellow
- (from the article "chromium processing") ...as a fine powder for polishing. Chromium yellow varies greatly in the shades available and is essentially lead chromate, or crocoite. This pigment makes an excellent paint for both wood ...
- zinc-lead blast furnace
- (from the article "zinc processing") Sintered zinc and lead concentrates, mixed with metallurgical coke, are charged into the top of a shaft furnace, into which preheated air is blown through nozzles, or tuyeres, at the ...
- zinc-manganese dioxide cell
- (from the article "Common household batteries") These batteries are the most commonly used worldwide in flashlights, toys, radios, compact disc players, and digital cameras. There are three variations: the zinc-carbon battery, the zinc chloride battery, and ...
- zinc-silver oxide cell
- (from the article "Common household batteries") Another alkaline system, this battery features a silver oxide cathode and a powdered zinc anode. Because it will tolerate relatively heavy current load pulses and has a high, nearly constant, ...
- Zincirli Hoyuk
- archaeological site in the foothills of the Anti-Taurus Mountains, south-central Turkey. Samal was one of the Late Hittite city-states that perpetuated the more or less Semitized southern Anatolian culture for ... [4 Related Articles]
- zincite
- mineral consisting of zinc oxide (ZnO), usually found in platy or granular masses. Its blood-red colour and orange-yellow streak are characteristic, as is also its common association with black franklinite ...
- Zindel, Paul
- American playwright and novelist whose largely autobiographical work features poignant, alienated characters who deal with life's difficulties in pragmatic and straightforward ways. [1 Related Articles]
- Zinder
- city, south-central Niger. The country's second largest city, it was the capital of a Muslim dynasty established in the 18th century, which freed itself from the sovereignty of Bornu in ... [1 Related Articles]
- Zinder, Norton David
- American biologist who discovered the occurrence of genetic transduction-the carrying of hereditary material from one strain of microorganisms to another by a filterable agent such as a bacteriophage, or bacterial ... [1 Related Articles]
- Zingarelli, Nicola Antonio
- one of the principal Italian composers of operas and religious music of his time. [1 Related Articles]
- Zingiberaceae
- the ginger family of flowering plants, the largest family of the order Zingiberales, containing about 52 genera and more than 1,300 species. These aromatic herbs grow in moist areas of ... [2 Related Articles]
- Zingiberales
- the ginger and banana order of flowering plants, consisting of 8 families, 92 genera, and more than 2,100 species.
- Zinjanab
- (from the article "jewelry") ...sumptuous and elaborate. In the 19th century, native traditions were corrupted by European influence, often with an eye toward European consumption. Traditional designs, however, have persisted in Zinjanab and among ...
- Zinkernagel, Rolf M.
- Swiss immunologist and pathologist who, along with Peter C. Doherty of Australia, received the Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine in 1996 for their discovery of how the immune system ... [2 Related Articles]
- Zinn's zonule
- (from the article "eye, human") Within the cavities formed by this triple-layered coat there are the crystalline lens, suspended by fine transparent fibres-the suspensory ligament or zonule of Zinn-from the ciliary body; the aqueous humour, ...
- Zinn, Walter Henry
- Canadian-born nuclear physicist, who contributed to the U.S. atomic bomb project during World War II and to the development of the nuclear reactor.
- Zinnemann, Fred
- Austrian-born American motion-picture director whose films are distinguished by realism of atmosphere and characterization. [5 Related Articles]
- zinnia
- any of about 11 species of herbs and shrubs constituting the genus Zinnia of the family Asteraceae (Compositae), and native primarily to North America. They are perennial where they are ...
- Zinnia angustifolia
- (from the article "zinnia") ...less than 0.3 metre (1 foot) tall with flowers 2.5 cm (1 inch) in diameter to giant forms up to 1 metre tall, with flowers up to 15 cm (6 ...
- Zinnia elegans
- (from the article "zinnia") ...leaves arranged opposite each other and often clasping the stem. The numerous garden varieties grown for their showy flowers are derived from the species Zinnia violacea (Z. ...
- zino
- (from the article "subatomic particle") ...have supersymmetric partners, dubbed sleptons and squarks, with integer spin; and the photon, W, Z, gluon, and graviton have counterparts with half-integer spins, known as the photino, wino, zino, gluino, ...
- Zinovyev Letter
- (from the article "Crowe, Sir Eyre") ...Peace Conference, where his fluency in both French and German proved invaluable. In October 1924, in the absence of the prime minister (Ramsay MacDonald), he made the decision to publish ...
- Zinovyev, Aleksandr Aleksandrovich
- Russian writer and scholar (b. Sept. 29/Oct. 29, 1922, Pakhtino, Kostroma district, Russia-d. May 10, 2006, Moscow, Russia), was the prolific author of scholarly books and articles on mathematical logic, ...
- Zinovyev, Grigory Yevseyevich
- revolutionary who worked closely with Lenin in the Bolshevik Party before the Russian Revolution of 1917 and became a central figure in the Communist Party leadership in the Soviet Union ... [6 Related Articles]
- Zinsou, Emile Derlin
- nationalist politician and president (1968-69) of Dahomey (now Benin), noted for the success of his attempts to solve his country's overwhelming economic and financial problems.
- Zinzendorf, Nikolaus Ludwig, Graf (Count) von
- religious and social reformer of the German Pietist movement who, as leader of the Moravian church (Unitas Fratrum), sought to create an ecumenical Protestant movement. [9 Related Articles]
- Ziolkowski, Korczak
- (from the article "Custer") ...Located 5 miles (8 km) north of Custer are the Indian Museum of North America and Crazy Horse Memorial, an unfinished colossal statue carved out of a mountain; American sculptor ...
- Zion
- in the Old Testament, the easternmost of the two hills of ancient Jerusalem. It was the site of the Jebusite city captured by David, king of Israel and Judah, in ... [4 Related Articles]
- Zion
- city, Lake county, northeastern Illinois, U.S. It lies along Lake Michigan, near the Wisconsin border. The area was originally inhabited by Potawatomi Indians. Zion was founded in 1900 by John ... [1 Related Articles]
- Zion Canyon
- (from the article "Zion National Park") The park's principal feature is Zion Canyon, which received its name from the Mormons who discovered it (1858) and settled there in the early 1860s. A portion of the area ...
- Zion Gate
- (from the article "Jerusalem") ...Hasmonean times. The Old City may be entered through any of seven gates in the wall: the New, Damascus, and Herod's gates to the north, the St. Stephen's (or Lion's) ...
- Zion National Park
- dramatic landscape of colourful deep canyons, high cliffs, mesas, and forested plateaus in southwestern Utah, U.S. The park lies on the northwestern edge of the Colorado Plateau about 30 miles ...
- Zion, Song of
- (from the article "Psalms") ...they feature the king, portraying him as both the representative of Yahweh to the community and the representative of the community to Yahweh. Psalms are also classified according to their ...
- Zionism
- Jewish nationalist movement that has had as its goal the creation and support of a Jewish national state in Palestine, the ancient homeland of the Jews (Hebrew: Eretz Yisra'el, "the ... [43 Related Articles]
- Zionist church
- any of several prophet-healing groups in southern Africa; they correspond to the independent churches known as Aladura (q.v.) in Nigeria, "spiritual" in Ghana, and "prophet-healing churches" in most other parts ...
- Zionist Congress
- (from the article "Herzl, Theodor") Herzl went to London in an effort to organize the Jews there in support of his program. Not all the Jewish leaders in England were happy to see him because ...
- Zionist Organization of America
- (from the article "Wise, Stephen Samuel") ...of the first Jewish leaders in the United States to become active in the Zionist movement. He attended the Second Zionist Congress in Basel, Switz., in 1898, and that same ...
- ZIP Code
- system of zone coding introduced by the U.S. Post Office Department (now the U.S. Postal Service) in 1963 to facilitate the sorting and delivery of mail. After an extensive publicity ... [1 Related Articles]
- Zipf's Law
- (from the article "information theory") The best-known formula for studying relative word frequencies was proposed by the American linguist George Zipf in Selected Studies of the Principle of Relative Frequency in Language (1932). Zipf's Law ...
- Zipf, George
- (from the article "information theory") The best-known formula for studying relative word frequencies was proposed by the American linguist George Zipf in Selected Studies of the Principle of Relative Frequency in Language (1932). Zipf's Law ...
- zipper
- device for binding the edges of an opening such as on a garment or a bag. A zipper consists of two strips of material with metal or plastic teeth along ...
- Zipporah
- (from the article "Moses") ...flocks. Again Moses showed his courage and prowess as a warrior because he took on the shepherds (perhaps with the girls' help) and routed them. Moses stayed on with Jethro ...
- Zirc
- (from the article "Veszprem") ...as an entity, from the Arpad era. Veszprem city was home to Queen Gizella, the wife of Stephen I, and the castle there was the seat of Hungarian queens in ...
- Zircaloy-2
- (from the article "nuclear reactor") ...metal canned in aluminum, cooled with carbon dioxide, and employed a moderator consisting of a block of graphite pierced by fuel channels. In the advanced gas-cooled reactor, fuel pins clad ...
- zircon
- silicate mineral, zirconium silicate, ZrSiO4, the principal source of zirconium. Zircon is widespread as an accessory mineral in felsic igneous rocks; it also occurs in metamorphic rocks and, fairly often, ... [9 Related Articles]
- zirconia
- zirconium dioxide, an industrially important compound of zirconium and oxygen usually derived from the mineral zircon (see zirconium). [5 Related Articles]
- zirconium
- chemical element, metal of Group IVb of the periodic table, used as a structural material for nuclear reactors. [5 Related Articles]
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