| | - yukata
- comfortable cotton kimono decorated with stencil-dyed patterns usually in shades of indigo, worn by Japanese men and women. The yukata was originally designed as a nightgown and for wear in ... [1 Related Articles]
- Yukawa Hideki
- Japanese physicist and recipient of the 1949 Nobel Prize for Physics for research on the theory of elementary particles. [3 Related Articles]
- Yukawa meson
- (from the article "subatomic particle") ...theory ultimately unacceptable. Quantum field theory did not seem applicable to the nuclear binding force. Then in 1935 a Japanese theorist, Yukawa Hideki, took a bold step: he invented a ...
- Yuki
- four groups of North American Indians who lived in the Coast Ranges and along the coast of what is now northwestern California, U.S. They spoke distinctive languages that are unaffiliated ... [1 Related Articles]
- Yuki
- (from the article "Yuki") ...the Coast Ranges and along the coast of what is now northwestern California, U.S. They spoke distinctive languages that are unaffiliated with any other known language. The four Yuki groups ...
- Yukon College
- (from the article "Yukon Territory") ...services are administered by the territorial government with financial assistance from the federal government. Primary and secondary education are provided by a territorial school system, and Yukon College, with its ...
- Yukon River
- major North American river that flows through the central Yukon Territory of Canada and central Alaska. It measures 1,980 miles (3,190 kilometres) from the headwaters of the McNeil River (a ... [8 Related Articles]
- Yukon Territory
- territory of northwestern Canada, an area of rugged mountains and high plateaus. It is bounded by the U.S. state of Alaska to the west, the Northwest Territories to the east, ... [2 Related Articles]
- Yukon Territory, flag of
- Canadian territorial flag that is a vertically striped tricolour of green, white, and blue, with the Yukon coat of arms and floral emblem in the centre.
- Yukon-Charley Rivers National Preserve
- national preserve in east-central Alaska, U.S., on the Canadian border. Proclaimed a national monument in 1978, the area underwent boundary and name changes in 1980, becoming a national preserve in ...
- Yukos
- (from the article "Business Overview") ...winners of the year were the Russian government-controlled energy colossi. Rosneft, a once marginal state-owned oil company, became a major producer by acquiring most of the assets of bankrupt Yukos ...
- Yule, Doug
- (from the article "Velvet Underground, the") ...(1968), featuring contributions by Reed, Cale, and Morrison, and The Marble Index (1969), produced by Cale. Also in 1967, Reed dismissed Warhol as the group's manager. Cale was replaced by ...
- Yulin
- city, southeastern Zhuang Autonomous Region of Guangxi, southern China. It is situated on the upper course of the Nanliu River, which drains southwestward into the Gulf of Tonkin to the ...
- Yuliya Tymoshenko Bloc
- (from the article "Ukraine") The election was notable for the sweeping gains made by the Yuliya Tymoshenko Bloc (BYT), the opposition party led by former prime minister Yuliya Tymoshenko, though the PR maintained its ...
- Yuma
- city, seat (1871) of Yuma county, southwestern Arizona, U.S. It is situated on the Colorado River at the mouth of the Gila River, just north of the Mexican frontier. Founded ...
- Yuma Desert
- arid part of the Sonoran Desert. It lies south of the Gila River and east of the Colorado River in the extreme southwestern corner of Arizona, U.S., and in the ...
- Yuma Territorial Prison State Historic Park
- (from the article "Yuma") ...the economy, which is augmented by the nearby Yuma Proving Ground (1942), the Marine Corps Air Station (1928), federal and local government centres, and the two-year Arizona Western College (1962). ...
- Yuman
- any of various Native American groups who traditionally lived in the lower Colorado River valley and adjacent areas in what are now western Arizona and southern California, U.S., and northern ... [3 Related Articles]
- Yuman language
- (from the article "Mesoamerican Indian languages") ...(called phyla or superstocks), Hokan and Penutian. The formulation was accepted and extended by others. Hokan included Shasta, Achumawi, Atsugewi, Chimariko, Karok, Yanan, Pomoan, Washoe, Esselen, Yuman, Salinan, and Chumashan. ...
- Yumedono
- (from the article "arts, East Asian") ...of the Triad suggests that the ensemble was dedicated to the recently deceased Shotoku and his consort. A stylistically related work is the wooden statue of the bodhisattva Kuze Kannon ...
- Yumen
- city, western Gansu sheng (province), northwestern China. It is situated on the ancient Silk Road from China into Central Asia.
- Yun Po Sun
- Korean politician who served (1960-62) as a liberal president of South Korea during the Second Republic. [1 Related Articles]
- Yun Shouping
- artist who, together with the Four Wangs and Wu Li, is grouped among the major artists of the early Qing (1644-1911/12) period. He and these other artists continued the orthodox ... [1 Related Articles]
- Yun Sondo
- (from the article "Korean literature") During the later Yi dynasty there was also a great flowering of poetry by scholar-officials and commoners. The most gifted poet of the period was Yun Sondo. His 77 sijo ...
- Yun T'ung
- (from the article "Lei Kung") ...he has assistants capable of producing other types of heavenly phenomena. Tien Mu ("Mother of Lightning"), for example, uses flashing mirrors to send bolts of lightning across the sky. Yun ...
- Yun, Isang
- Korean-born German composer who sought to express a distinctly Asian sensibility by means of contemporary Western techniques. [1 Related Articles]
- Yun-lin
- hsien (county), west-central Taiwan. It is bordered by the hsien of Chang-hua (north), Nan-t'ou (east), and Chia-i (south) and by the Taiwan Strait (west).
- Yun-ling Mountains
- (from the article "Yunnan") ...Tibetan border, branch out southeastward across the province in fanlike fashion. Running roughly northwest to southeast, these high ranges are, from west to east, the Kao-li-kung, the Nu, and the ...
- Yun-t'ai, Mount
- (from the article "Kiangsu") ...is less than 150 feet (45 metres) above sea level. Hills of moderate elevation are found only in the southwestern corner of the province and in the extreme north along ...
- Yuna River
- river in central and northeastern Dominican Republic. It is one of the country's three most important river systems, the others being the Yaque del Norte and Yaque del Sur rivers. [1 Related Articles]
- Yunca language
- (from the article "Table 63: South American Indian Language Groups") ...textiles and in gold, silver, and copper. Pottery types tended to be standardized, with quantity production, made in molds, and generally of a plain black ware. The Chimu language, known ...
- Yundum
- town, western Gambia. Located 18 miles (30 km) southwest of Banjul, it is the site of a teacher-training college. The Gambia's international airport, originally a World War II Allied airfield, ...
- Yunfa
- (from the article "Usman dan Fodio") ...Bawa, the sultan of Gobir, from whom he won important concessions for the local Muslim community (including his own freedom to propagate Islam); he also appears to have taught the ...
- Yung Vilne
- (from the article "Grade, Chaim") ...for her son. Grade studied at several yeshivas and was part of the pietistic movement known as Musar. At age 22, however, he gave up his religious studies to become ...
- Yung-ho
- shih (municipality), T'ai-pei hsien (county), northern Taiwan, 1 mi (1.6 km) south of Taipei city, in the northern part of the island's western coastal plain. Situated on the east bank ...
- Yung-lo Temple
- (from the article "arts, East Asian") One school that flourished under Yuan official patronage was that of Buddhist and Taoist painting; important wall paintings were executed at the Yung-lo Temple in Shansi (now restored and moved ...
- Yungang caves
- series of magnificent Chinese Buddhist cave temples, created in the 5th century CE during the Six Dynasties period (220-598 CE). They are located about 10 miles (16 km) west of ... [1 Related Articles]
- Yungas
- humid, subtropical region in western Bolivia. (Yungas is an Aymara word meaning "Warm Lands.") It occupies the eastern slopes of the Andean Cordillera Real and extends northeast and north of ... [1 Related Articles]
- Yungay, Battle of
- (from the article "Peruvian-Bolivian Confederation") The Chileans, joined by Peruvians opposed to Santa Cruz, persisted in their fight until, under the command of Gen. Manuel Bulnes, they finally defeated the forces of the confederation at ...
- Yunge, Di
- (from the article "Yiddish literature") American Yiddish poets in New York formed two innovative groups called Di Yunge ("The Young") and Di Inzikhistn ("The Introspectivists"). Both groups began with the publication of journals-the former with ...
- yunluo
- Chinese gong chime usually consisting of 10 gongs that are suspended in individual compartments on a wooden frame and beaten with sticks that have hard or soft tips. It may ... [1 Related Articles]
- Yunnan
- sheng (province) of China. The fourth largest province of China, it is a mountain and plateau region on the country's southwestern frontier. It is bounded by the ... [3 Related Articles]
- Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau
- highland region comprising the northern part of Yunnan province and the western part of Guizhou province, south-central China. Yunnan is more distinctly a plateau with areas of rolling uplands, precipitous ... [4 Related Articles]
- Yunus
- (from the article "Hamid Dynasty") ...by Felekuddin Dundar, whose father, Ilyas, was a frontier ruler under the Seljuqs and who named it after his grandfather; Dundar governed the Hamid principality jointly with his brother Yunus, ...
- Yunus al-Katib
- (from the article "Islamic arts") ...of Islam. This is the 10th-century Kitab al-Aghani, or "Book of Songs," by Abu al-Faraj al-Isbahani. In the 8th century Yunus al-Katib, author of the first Arabic ...
- Yunus Emre
- poet and mystic who exercised a powerful influence on Turkish literature. [3 Related Articles]
- Yunus, Muhammad
- Bangladeshi economist and founder of the Grameen Bank, an institution that provides microcredit (small loans to poor people possessing no collateral) to help its clients establish creditworthiness and financial self-sufficiency. ... [4 Related Articles]
- Yupik
- indigenous Arctic people traditionally residing in Siberia, Saint Lawrence Island and the Diomede Islands in the Bering Sea and Bering Strait, and Alaska. They are culturally related to the Chukchi ... [4 Related Articles]
- Yupik language
- (from the article "Yupik language") the western division of the Eskimo languages, spoken in southwestern Alaska and in Siberia.TABLEEskimo-Aleut languagesTable
- Yurev, Roman
- (from the article "Romanov Dynasty") ...of Andrey Ivanovich Kobyla (Kambila), a Muscovite boyar who lived during the reign of the grand prince of Moscow Ivan I Kalita (reigned 1328-41), the Romanovs acquired their name from ...
- Yuro, Timi
- American pop singer (b. Aug. 4, 1940, Chicago, Ill.-d. March 30, 2004, Las Vegas, Nev.), bridged musical genres with her husky, soulful voice. Her signature vocal style was influenced by ...
- Yurok
- North American Indians who lived in what is now California along the lower Klamath River and the Pacific coast. They spoke a Macro-Algonquian language and were culturally and linguistically related ... [4 Related Articles]
- Yurok language
- (from the article "North American Indian languages") ..."pot," ŋaduŋdu-mal "pot-small." Vowel harmony, a process whereby vowels change to resemble adjacent ones, is further attested in North America. Yurok in northwestern California, for example, has an unusual r ...
- yurt
- tentlike Central Asian nomad's dwelling, erected on wooden poles and covered with skin, felt, or handwoven textiles in bright colours. The interior is simply furnished with brightly coloured rugs (red ... [11 Related Articles]
- Yurugu
- (from the article "dualism") ...elements), or even a dualistic opposition (as two opposed elements that function as principles in respect to the actual creation), is found in the Dogon (western Sudanese) notions about Nommo ...
- Yuruk rug
- floor covering handwoven by nomadic people in various parts of Anatolia. The Balikesir Yuruk rugs of western Anatolia have diagonal patterns and a maze of latch-hook motifs carried out in ... [1 Related Articles]
- Yurungkax River
- (from the article "Hotan") The oasis of Hotan, the largest of these, includes Karakax (Moyu), to the northwest, and Luopu (Lop), to the east. The oasis is watered by the Karakax (Kalakashi) and Yurungkax ...
- Yurupary
- (from the article "South American forest Indian") ...rites take a central position among other important ceremonies such as funerals and fertility rites. In the Guianas and the northwest Amazon region, the initiation of the boys is very ...
- Yury
- (from the article "Russia") The struggle began at the death of Vasily I, a son of Dmitry Donskoy, in 1425. The succession of his 10-year-old son Vasily II was challenged by his uncle Yury, ...
- Yury of Moscow
- (from the article "Tver") ...Moscow for supremacy in northeastern Russia during the 14th and 15th centuries. In 1305 Yaroslav's son Michael I was made grand prince of Vladimir (i.e., chief among the Russian princes). ...
- Yuryev, Oleg
- (from the article "Literature") Perhaps the most important publication of the year in poetry was Oleg Yuryev's Izbrannye stikhi i khori ("Selected Poems and Choruses"). Yuryev, a major poet who first became prominent in ...
- Yuscaran
- town, southeastern Honduras. It lies at the eastern foot of the Montana (ridge) de Monserrat near the Choluteca River, at an elevation of 3,379 feet (1,030 m). Founded between 1730 ...
- Yushchenko, Viktor
- Ukrainian politician, who became president of Ukraine in 2005. [7 Related Articles]
- Yushin order
- (from the article "Korea, South") In December 1971, shortly after his inauguration to a third presidential term, Park declared a state of national emergency, and 10 months later (October 1972) he suspended the constitution and ...
- Yust, Walter
- American journalist and editor, editor in chief of all publications of the Encyclopaedia Britannica from 1938 to 1960-longer than any of his predecessors.
- Yusuf
- (from the article "Arabic literature") ...revelations were received, and its placement in the order of suras. This method of compilation allows for certain sections and narratives to be presented as unified wholes; for that reason, ...
- Yusuf 'Adil Khan
- (from the article "Bijapur") ...victory") and was an important community under the Yadava dynasty for more than a century until 1294, when it became a provincial capital of the Bahmani. In 1489 with the ...
- Yusuf Ahmed, Abdullahi
- (from the article "Somalia") ...capital of Somaliland | Head of state and government: Somalia's government under President Abdiqassim Salad Hassan was barely functioning in 2007; a new transitional government comprised President Abdullahi Yusuf Ahmed, ...
- Yusuf As'ar Yath'ar
- (from the article "Arabian religion") About AD 523 Yusuf As'ar Yath'ar (nicknamed Dhu Nuwas by the Muslim tradition), a Himyarite king of Jewish faith, persecuted and killed numerous monophysite Christians in Najran on the northern ...
- Yusuf Buluggin I ibn Ziri
- (from the article "Mu'izz, al-") ...Cairo, the new capital founded by Jawhar just to the north of the old city of al-Fustat, in 972 or 973, leaving behind in North Africa as surrogate his lieutenant ...
- Yusuf I
- (from the article "Islamic arts") ...of the Alhambra had been occupied by a citadel and possibly by a palace since the 11th century, but little of these earlier constructions has remained. In the 14th century ...
- Yusuf ibn Tashufin
- Almoravid ruler who, during his reign from 1061 to 1106, expanded Almoravid land holdings from a small, insecurely held area in the Maghrib into a huge empire that included major ... [9 Related Articles]
- Yusuf Sayfa
- (from the article "Fakhr ad-Din II") ...became locked in a seven-year struggle for supremacy, a struggle that was complicated by the fact that the Ottomans, the nominal rulers, allied themselves first with Fakhr ad-Din and then ...
- Yusupov, Feliks
- (from the article "Rasputin, Grigory Yefimovich") Several attempts were made to take the life of Rasputin and save Russia from further calamity, but none were successful until 1916. Then a group of extreme conservatives, including Prince ...
- Yuulngu
- (from the article "Australian Aboriginal languages") ...between the Pama-Nyungan group, which covers 90 percent of the continent, and the residual non-Pama-Nyungan cluster, which stretches across northernmost Australia (except Queensland). The Yuulngu group is a separate Pama-Nyungan ...
- yuvaraja
- (from the article "Sri Lanka") The king was supported by an inner administrative hierarchy consisting of members of his family and influential nobles. The yuvaraja, the king's chosen heir to the throne, ...
- Yuwen Huaji
- (from the article "China") ...of the northwest, the Tang had to contend with three principal rival forces: the Sui remnants commanded by Wang Shichong at Luoyang, the rebel Li Mi in Henan, the rebel ...
- Yuwen Kai
- (from the article "Sui dynasty") The architecture of the Sui was dominated by the great Yuwen Kai, who in nine months designed a vast capital city at Daxing that was six times the size of ...
- Yuyuan Garden
- (from the article "Shanghai") The old Chinese city houses the 16th-century Yuyuan Garden (Garden of the Mandarin Yu), an outstanding example of late Ming garden architecture, and the Temple of Confucius. Other points of ...
- Yuzaki troupe
- (from the article "Kanze school") school of no theatre (q.v.) known for its emphasis on beauty and elegance. The school was founded in the 14th century by Kan'ami (q.v.), who founded the Yuzaki-za (Yuzaki troupe), ...
- yuzen-zome
- (from the article "Miyazaki Yuzen") Japanese painter credited with perfecting a rice-paste dyeing method that made possible the economical production of sumptuously decorated cloth. He gave his name to the process (yuzen-zome) by which elaborate ...
- Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk
- city and administrative centre of Sakhalin oblast (province), far eastern Russia. It lies in the south of Sakhalin Island on the Susuya River, 26 miles (42 km) north of the ... [1 Related Articles]
- Yuzhny Island
- (from the article "Novaya Zemlya") Novaya Zemlya ("New Land") consists of two large islands, Severny (northern) and Yuzhny (southern), aligned for 600 miles (1,000 km) in a southwest-northeast direction, plus several smaller islands. The two ...
- Yuzu Nembutsu
- Japanese Buddhist sect that stresses the permeating effect (yuzu) of nembutsu, the invocation of the name of the Buddha Amida (Amitabha). Thus, the belief ...
- Yvelines
- (from the article "Ile-de-France") ...encompassing the north-central departements of Val-d'Oise, Seine-et-Marne, Seine-Saint-Denis, Ville-de-Paris, Hauts-de-Seine, Val-de-Marne, Essonne, and Yvelines. Ile-de-France is bounded by the regions of Picardy (Picardie) to ...
- Yverdon
- (from the article "Pestalozzi, Johann Heinrich") From 1800 to 1804 he directed an educational establishment in Burgdorf and from 1805 until 1825 a boarding school at Yverdon, near Neuchatel. Both schools relied for funds on fee-paying ...
- Yves Saint Laurent
- (from the article "Fashions") ...In September Bloomsbury published The Beautiful Fall, Alicia Drake's comprehensive account of the 1970s Paris fashion scene. It focused on the rivalry between that era's two key players-Yves Saint Laurent ...
- Yves-du-Manoir
- (from the article "Colombes") northwestern industrial suburb of Paris, Hauts-de-Seine departement, Ile-de-France region, France. It is known particularly for the Yves-du-Manoir sports stadium, built for the 1924 Olympic Games, which has 65,000 seats. Henrietta ...
- Ywa
- (from the article "Telakhon") ...prophet cults among the Karen hill peoples of Myanmar (Burma). In their mythology, the restoration of their lost Golden Book by their white younger brothers heralds the millennium. Ywa, a ...
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