| | - Whittier, John Greenleaf
- American poet and abolitionist who, in the latter part of his life, shared with Henry Wadsworth Longfellow the distinction of being a household name in both England and the United ... [2 Related Articles]
- Whittingham, Charles
- American horse trainer of over 2,500 winners, including Kentucky Derby winners Ferdinand (1986) and Sunday Silence (1989), both of which made him the oldest trainer of a Derby champion; he ...
- Whittingham, William
- (from the article "biblical literature") ...so-named because of its rendering of the first garments made for Adam and Eve in chapter three, verse seven of Genesis)-published in 1560-may almost certainly be identified as William Whittingham, ...
- Whittington, Dick
- English merchant and lord mayor of London who became a well-known figure in legend and traditional pantomime.
- Whittle, Sir Frank
- English aviation engineer and pilot who invented the jet engine. [4 Related Articles]
- Whittlesey, Derwent S.
- (from the article "historical geography") ...gained prominence through the valuable studies in sequent occupance-i.e., the study of the human occupation of a specific region over intervals of historic time-initiated by Derwent S. Whittlesey and Carl ...
- Whittredge, Worthington
- American landscape painter associated with the Hudson River school.
- Whitty, Jeff
- (from the article "Performing Arts") ...musical comedy that embraced such real-world issues as racism and sex with the earnest glee-and the human-and-puppet format-of television's Sesame Street. Created by book writer Jeff Whitty and songwriters Robert ...
- Whitty, Thomas
- (from the article "Axminster carpet") floor covering made originally in a factory founded at Axminster, Devon, England, in 1755 by the cloth weaver Thomas Whitty. Resembling somewhat the Savonnerie carpets produced in France, Axminster carpets ...
- Whitworth, Kathy
- American athlete who was one of the great players of women's professional golf.
- Whitworth, Sir Joseph, Baronet
- English mechanical engineer who won international recognition as a machine toolmaker. [2 Related Articles]
- Who's Who
- any of numerous biographical dictionaries that give brief and pertinent information about prominent living persons who are distinguished in a particular field or by official position or public standing and ... [1 Related Articles]
- Who, the
- British rock group that was among the most popular and influential bands of the 1960s and '70s and that originated the rock opera. The principal members were Pete Townshend (b. ...
- whole blood
- (from the article "therapeutics") Whole blood, which contains red blood cells, plasma, platelets, and coagulation factors, is almost never used for transfusions because most transfusions only require specific blood components. It can be used ...
- whole copra
- (from the article "copra") ...then cracked, usually into two halves, with a chopping knife, exposing the meat, which is about 50 percent water and 30 to 40 percent oil. About 30 nuts provide meat ...
- whole hog sausage
- (from the article "meat processing") An exception to this procedure occurs in certain specialized hog slaughter facilities, such as "whole hog" sausage slaughter plants. In whole hog sausage production all the skeletal meat is trimmed ...
- whole life insurance
- (from the article "life insurance") Whole life insurance, which runs for the whole of the insured's life, is established with a fixed premium and a fixed payout amount. Most whole life contracts also accumulate a ...
- whole-tone scale
- in music, a scalar arrangement of pitches, each separated from the next by a whole-tone step (or whole step), in contradistinction to the chromatic scale (consisting entirely of half steps, ... [1 Related Articles]
- whole-wheat bread
- (from the article "baking") Whole wheat bread, using a meal made substantially from the entire wheat kernel instead of flour, is a dense, rather tough, dark product. Breads sold as wheat or part-whole-wheat products ...
- whole-wheat flour
- (from the article "flour") The wide variety of wheat flours generally available includes whole wheat, or graham, flour, made from the entire wheat kernel and often unbleached; gluten flour, a starch-free, high-protein, whole wheat ...
- wholecloth quilt
- (from the article "quilting") ...various forms of clothing." Although small fragments of patchwork have been found in tomb excavations in Asia and the Middle East, the earliest existing quilts may be two large 14th-century ...
- wholesale price index
- measure of changes in the prices charged by manufacturers and wholesalers. Wholesale price indexes measure the changes in commodity prices at a selected stage or stages before goods reach the ...
- wholesaling
- the selling of merchandise to anyone other than a retail customer. The merchandise may be sold to a retailer, a wholesaler, or to an enterprise that will use it for ... [3 Related Articles]
- Whoop-Up, Fort
- (from the article "Lethbridge") A replica of Fort Whoop-Up (1860), once notorious for its whisky trade with the Indians, stands in Indian Battle Park; on the banks of the Oldman River, the park marks ...
- whooping cough
- acute, highly communicable respiratory disease characterized in its typical form by paroxysms of coughing followed by a long-drawn inspiration, or "whoop." The coughing ends with the expulsion of clear, sticky ... [2 Related Articles]
- whooping crane
- tallest American bird and one of the world's rarest. At the beginning of the 21st century fewer than 300 whooping cranes remained in the wild. Most are part of a ... [3 Related Articles]
- whore of Babylon
- (from the article "Christianity") ...of the world that the Antichrist is attempting to bring about. On the other hand, and existing at the same time, was the apocalyptic identification of the imperial city of ...
- Whorf, Benjamin Lee
- U.S. linguist noted for his hypotheses regarding the relation of language to thinking and cognition and for his studies of Hebrew and Hebrew ideas, of Mexican and Mayan languages and ... [6 Related Articles]
- Whorfian hypothesis
- (from the article "North American Indian languages") This idea was further developed, largely on the basis of work with American Indian languages, by Sapir's student Benjamin Lee Whorf, and is now often known as the Whorfian hypothesis. ...
- whorl
- (from the article "gastropod") The typical snail has a calcareous shell coiled in a spiral pattern around a central axis called the columella. Generally, the coils, or whorls, added later in life are larger ...
- whorled leaf arrangement
- (from the article "angiosperm") ...leaves are single at each node and borne along the stem alternately in an ascending spiral. In opposite-leaved plants, the leaves are paired at a node and borne opposite to ...
- Whyalla
- city and port, southern South Australia, on the east coast of Eyre Peninsula opposite Port Pirie and northwest of Adelaide. It was created in 1901 by the Broken Hill Proprietary ...
- whydah
- any of several African birds that have long dark tails suggesting a funeral veil. They belong to two subfamilies, Viduinae and Ploceinae, of the family Ploceidae (order Passeriformes). The name ... [2 Related Articles]
- Whymper, Edward
- English mountaineer and artist who was associated with the exploration of the Alps and was the first man to climb the Matterhorn (14,691 feet [4,478 metres]). [4 Related Articles]
- Whyte, William Hollingsworth
- American writer and urbanologist who was the author of The Organization Man (1956), which illustrated the conformity that defined the environment of large American firms in the ...
- Wiarton Willie
- (from the article "Groundhog Day") ...to the amount of fat it was able to store before going into hibernation.) Canada has a number of groundhogs that serve as weather prognosticators, perhaps the best known being ...
- Wicca
- a predominantly Western movement whose followers practice witchcraft and nature worship and who see it as a religion based on pre-Christian traditions of northern and western Europe. It spread through ... [3 Related Articles]
- Wiccan Rede
- (from the article "Wicca") ...most believers share a general set of beliefs and practices. They believe in the Goddess, respect nature, and hold both polytheistic and pantheistic views. Most Wiccans accept the so-called Wiccan ...
- Wichale, Treaty of
- (May 2, 1889), pact signed at Wichale, Ethiopia, by the Italians and Menilek II of Ethiopia, whereby Italy was granted the northern Ethiopian territories of Bogos, Hamasen, and Akale-Guzai (modern ... [7 Related Articles]
- Wichern, Johann Hinrich
- (from the article "Christianity") ...Maurice and Charles Kingsley in the 19th century, began a Christian social movement during the Industrial Revolution that brought Christian influence to the conditions of life and work in industry. ...
- Wichers, Jan J.
- (from the article "submarine") ...notable German submarine development of World War II was the schnorchel device (anglicized by the U.S. Navy to "snorkel"). Its invention is credited to a Dutch officer, Lieutenant Jan J. ...
- Wichi
- South American Indians of the Gran Chaco, who speak an independent language and live mostly between the Bermejo and Pilcomayo rivers in northeastern Argentina. Some live in Bolivia. The Wichi ... [3 Related Articles]
- Wiching
- (from the article "Czechoslovak region, history of") ...clerics of the Slavic rite to his principality. While the archbishop was engaged in missionary work in the annexed territories, however, advocates of the Latin rite, headed by a Frankish ...
- Wichita
- North American Indian people of Caddoan linguistic stock who originally lived near the Arkansas River in what is now the state of Kansas. They were encountered by the Spanish in ... [2 Related Articles]
- Wichita
- city, seat (1870) of Sedgwick county, south-central Kansas, U.S. It lies on the Arkansas River near the mouth of the Little Arkansas, about 140 miles (225 km) southwest of Topeka. ... [1 Related Articles]
- Wichita Falls
- city, seat (1882) of Wichita county, northern Texas, U.S. The city is located on the Wichita River in the Red River Valley, 115 miles (185 km) northwest of Fort Worth. ...
- Wichita orogeny
- a period of block faulting in the southern part of the Wichita-Arbuckle System in western Oklahoma and northern Texas. The uplift is dated from the Late Carboniferous epoch (formerly the ...
- Wichita State University
- public, coeducational institution of higher learning in Wichita, Kan., U.S. The university comprises the W. Frank Barton School of Business, Fairmount College of Liberal Arts and Sciences, the Graduate School, ...
- Wichterle, Otto
- Czech chemist and educator who, in 1961, created soft contact lenses using a phonograph motor and a child's Erector set; by the mid-1990s some 100 million people used his alternative ...
- wick
- thread, strip, or bundle of fibres that, by capillary action, draws up the oil of a lamp or the melted wax in a candle to be burned. By 1000 BC, ... [1 Related Articles]
- Wick
- royal burgh (town) and fishing port, Highland council area, historic county of Caithness, Scotland. An ancient Norse settlement on the North Sea, situated about 14 miles (23 km) south of ...
- wick channel
- (from the article "lamp") ...lamp. Made of pottery or bronze, it was sometimes provided with a spike in the centre of the declivity to support the wick, which was used to control the rate ...
- Wick House
- (from the article "Morristown") ...Historical Park, established in 1933, covers about 2.6 square miles (6.8 square km). It includes Jockey Hollow, site of the troop encampment that now has reconstructions of the soldiers' huts; ...
- Wick, Douglas
- (from the article "2000: Best Picture") Other Nominees
- Wickard v. Filburn
- (from the article "constitutional law") ...gives Congress a general and broad power to tax and spend in support of the general welfare. As a further example, the new interpretation of the commerce clause laid down ...
- Wicked Bible
- (from the article "biblical literature") ...in the final clause of chapter 3, verse 15 of Ruth: "and he went into the city." Both printings contained errors. Some errors in subsequent editions have become famous: The ...
- Wicken Fen
- (from the article "East Cambridgeshire") ...seat. The section of the Fens around Ely is an important area for sugar beet cultivation; cereals, onions, potatoes, fruits, and various other horticultural produce are also intensively grown. Wicken ...
- Wickenheiser, Hayley
- (from the article "Ice Hockey") ...the championship was held.) For the 2007 final some 15,000 fans were on hand when Canada broke open a scoreless game with three goals in the second period and then ...
- Wickersham Commission
- (from the article "police") ...became (after it was taken over by the FBI in 1930) an important indicator of the annual national crime rate and of the performance of local police departments. Finally, through ...
- wickerwork
- furniture made of real or simulated osier (rods or twigs). The Egyptians made furniture of this kind in the 3rd millennium BC, and it has always flourished in those regions ... [2 Related Articles]
- wicket
- (from the article "cricket") ...bowled at a tree stump or at the hurdle gate into a sheep pen. This gate consisted of two uprights and a crossbar resting on the slotted tops; the crossbar ...
- wicketkeeper
- (from the article "cricket") The nonbatting side takes up positions in the field. One man is the bowler (similar to the pitcher in baseball), another is the wicketkeeper (similar to the catcher), and the ...
- Wickford
- resort village and administrative centre of North Kingstown town (township), Washington county, south-central Rhode Island, U.S., on an inlet of Narragansett Bay. It has an unusually large number of restored ... [1 Related Articles]
- Wicki, Bernhard
- motion picture actor and director of German-language films (b. Oct. 28, 1919, Sankt Polten, Austria-d. Jan. 5, 2000, Munich, Ger.), was best known outside West Germany for his powerful antiwar ...
- wickiup
- indigenous North American dwelling characteristic of many Northeast Indian peoples and in more limited use in the Plains, Great Basin, Plateau, and California culture areas. The wickiup was constructed of ... [3 Related Articles]
- Wickler, Wolfgang
- (from the article "primate") ...the skin on the front of the female chest, which normally bears a string of caruncles resembling the beads of a necklace, becomes engorged and brightly coloured. A German zoologist, ...
- Wicklow
- county in the province of Leinster, Ireland. It is bounded by the counties of Wexford (south), Carlow and Kildare (west), and Dublin (north) and by the Irish Sea (east). County ...
- Wicklow
- seaport and county seat, County Wicklow, Ireland, south-southeast of Dublin. St. Mantan built a church there in the 5th century; and the town later became a settlement of the Vikings, ...
- Wicklow Mountains
- extensive mountain range in County Wicklow, Ireland, forming part of the Leinster Chain. The mountain area comprises a vast anticline (upwarp of rock strata), with granite exposed at the centre, ... [2 Related Articles]
- Wickremanayake, Ratnasiri
- (from the article "Sri Lanka") ...(2007 est.): 20,102,000 | Capitals: Colombo (executive and judicial); Sri Jayawardenepura Kotte (legislative) | Head of state and government: President Mahinda Rajapakse, assisted by Prime Minister Ratnasiri Wickremanayake ...
- Wickremesinghe, Ranil
- (from the article "Sri Lanka") ...on Dec. 22, 2005. In presidential elections held on November 17, UPFA nominee Mahinda Rajapakse, a hard-liner in dealings with the LTTE, scored a narrow victory over United National Party ...
- Wicksell, Knut
- Swedish economist, the foremost in his generation and internationally renowned for his pioneering work in monetary theory. [2 Related Articles]
- Wicksteed, Philip Henry
- British economist, classicist, literary critic, and theologian.
- Wicomico
- county, southeastern Maryland, U.S., bordered by Delaware to the north, the Pocomoke River to the east, the Wicomico River to the southwest, and the Nanticoke River to the west and ...
- Wicquefort, Abraham de
- (from the article "Netherlands, The") ...Corneliszoon Hooft, a masterpiece of narration and judgment in the spirit of Tacitus; the heavily factual chronicle of Lieuwe van Aitzema, with its interspersed commentary of skeptical wisdom; Abraham de ...
- Widal reaction
- (from the article "preventive medicine") ...of living microbes as the cause of infections. Toward the close of the century the principle of insect-borne transmission of disease was established. Serological tests were developed, such as the ...
- Widal, Fernand-Isidore
- French physician and bacteriologist who made important contributions to the diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of many diseases.
- Widdowson, Elsie May
- British nutritionist (b. Oct. 21, 1906, London, Eng.-d. June 14, 2000, Cambridge, Eng.), who, in collaboration with her longtime research partner, Robert A. McCance, guided the British government's World War ...
- Widdringtonia
- (from the article "cypress pine") any of the ornamental and timber shrubs and trees of two closely related genera (Callitris and Widdringtonia) of the family Cupressaceae.Mulanje cedar
- wide
- (from the article "cricket") ...without being touched by the bat and the batsmen are able to make good a run); (2) leg byes (when in similar circumstances the ball has touched any part of ...
- wide area network
- a computer communications network that spans cities, countries, and the globe, generally using telephone lines and satellite links. The Internet connects multiple WANs; as its name suggests, it is a ... [3 Related Articles]
- wide flange
- (from the article "building construction") ...a web made of a continuous bent rod. It is used almost exclusively to support roofs and can span up to 45 metres (150 feet). The standard rolled shapes are ...
- Wide Grassfields languages
- (from the article "Benue-Congo languages") ...spoken in a comparatively small area. The largest subgroup in terms of population is Tivoid, with 19 languages; the Tiv language has some 2,500,000 speakers. More typical is another subgroup, ...
- wide vowel
- (from the article "vowel") ...(lenis). Wide and narrow refer to the tongue-root position. To form a narrow vowel, the tongue root is retracted toward the pharyngeal wall, and the pharynx is narrowed. To form ...
- wide-angle lens
- (from the article "photography, technology of") Short-focus, wide-angle lenses are usually mounted near the film. Single-lens reflex cameras need a certain minimum lens-to-film distance to accommodate the swinging mirror. Wide-angle (and sometimes normal-focus) lenses for such ...
- wide-band-gap insulator
- (from the article "optical ceramics") In their pure state, most ceramics are wide-band-gap insulators. This means that there is a large gap of forbidden states between the energy of the highest filled electron levels and ...
- wide-field planetary camera
- (from the article "Hubble Space Telescope") ...(94-inch) primary mirror, a smaller secondary mirror, and various recording instruments that can detect visible, ultraviolet, and infrared light. The most important of these instruments, the wide-field planetary camera, can ...
- wide-screen projection
- (from the article "motion picture") ...a special CinemaScope lens, an image with wider horizontal and shorter vertical dimensions is achieved-a proportion of about 5 to 2, or between 2.2 to 1 and 2.65 to 1. ...
- Wideman, John Edgar
- American writer regarded for his intricate literary style in novels about the experiences of black men in contemporary urban America. [2 Related Articles]
- Widener University
- private, coeducational institution of higher learning in Chester, Pennsylvania, U.S. It comprises the College of Arts and Sciences and schools of Law, Hospitality Management, Human Service Professions, Engineering, Nursing, and ...
- Widener, George D.
- U.S. financier, breeder, owner and racer of Thoroughbred horses.
- Widener, Peter A.B.
- American transportation magnate and philanthropist. [1 Related Articles]
- Widerberg, Bo
- Swedish film director whose works generally stressed themes of social consciousness; his best-known film, Elvira Madigan, 1967, which made a popular hit of Mozart's Piano Concerto No. 21, portrays young ...
- Wideroe, Rolf
- (from the article "linear accelerator") ...tubes" positioned at appropriate intervals to shield the particles during the half-cycle when the field is in the wrong direction for acceleration. Four years later, the Norwegian engineer Rolf Wideroe ...
- Widerstandsnester
- (from the article "Omaha Beach") ...Marshal Erwin Rommel had built formidable defenses to protect this enclosed battlefield. The waters and beach were heavily mined, and there were 13 strongpoints called Widerstandsnester ("resistance ...
- widget
- (from the article "Computers and Information Systems") Widgets were a widely used type of Internet-based consumer software, particularly on social networking sites. In their simplest form, widgets provided such features as YouTube videos, music players, photo viewers, ...
- Widmann, Joseph Viktor
- Swiss writer, editor, and critic.
- Widmanstatten pattern
- lines that appear in some iron meteorites when a cross section of the meteorite is etched with weak acid. The pattern is named for Alois Josep Widmanstatten, a Viennese scientist ... [3 Related Articles]
- Widmark, Richard
- American actor became an overnight Hollywood sensation following his film debut in Kiss of Death (1947), in which he portrayed a maniacal gangster who giggles as he ties up an ...
- Widmer, Arthur
- American film innovator (b. July 25, 1914, Washington, D.C.-d. May 28, 2006, Hollywood, Calif.), was the inventor of "blue-screen technology," a composite process that enabled two different images shot at ...
- Widmer-Schlumpf, Eveline
- (from the article "Switzerland") ...(at a joint sitting of the two chambers of the Federal Assembly on December 12). In the biggest upset since the formation of the four-party coalition in 1959, the Federal ...
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