| | - Van Devanter, Willis
- associate justice of the United States Supreme Court (1910-37).
- Van Diemen Gulf
- inlet of the Timor Sea of the Indian Ocean, indenting Northern Territory, Australia. Measuring 90 mi (145 km) by 50 mi and partially enclosed by Melville Island (northwest) and the ...
- Van Diemen's Land
- (1642-1855), the southeastern Australian island colony that became the commonwealth state of Tasmania. Named for Anthony van Diemen, governor general of the Dutch East Indies, the island was discovered and ...
- Van Dijk, Edith
- (from the article "Swimming") In the open-water competition at Montreal, Dutch star Edith Van Dijk ended her career in spectacular fashion. After more than five hours of swimming, the 32-year-old Van Dijk won the ...
- Van Dine, S.S.
- American critic, editor, and author of a series of best-selling detective novels featuring the brilliant but arrogant sleuth Philo Vance.
- Van Doren, Carl
- U.S. author and teacher whose writings range through surveys of literature to novels, biography, and criticism.
- Van Doren, Mark
- American poet, writer, and eminent teacher. He upheld the writing of verse in traditional forms throughout a lengthy period of experiment in poetry. As a teacher at Columbia University for ...
- Van Duyn, Mona
- American Pulitzer Prize-winning poet noted for her examination of the daily lives of ordinary people and for mixing the prosaic with the unusual, the simple with the sophisticated. She is ... [1 Related Articles]
- Van Dyck, Sir Anthony
- after Rubens, the most prominent Flemish painter of the 17th century. A prolific painter of portraits of European aristocracy, he also executed many works on religious and mythological subjects and ... [11 Related Articles]
- Van Dyke, Henry
- U.S. short-story writer, poet, and essayist popular in the early decades of the 20th century.
- Van Dyke, Willard
- (from the article "Group f.64") ...from a setting of a camera diaphragm aperture that gives particularly good resolution and depth of field. The principal members of Group f.64 were Ansel Adams, Imogen Cunningham, Edward Weston, ...
- Van Eps, George Abel
- American jazz guitarist who played in a number of notable big bands and developed a seven-string guitar that added a bass line and made a wider range of chords possible ...
- Van Fleet, James Alward
- U.S. military officer who was a division and corps commander during crucial World War II battles, notably the Normandy Invasion and the Battle of the Bulge, and was commander of ... [1 Related Articles]
- Van Fleet, Jo
- U.S. actress who played bold, matronly women on stage and screen, notably in Elia Kazan films, beginning with her role as the mother of James Dean's character in East of ... [1 Related Articles]
- van Fraassen, Bas
- (from the article "science, philosophy of") ...questioning the Hempelian proposal that ordinary explanations consist in explanation sketches whose force derives from an unarticulated ideal explanation. Philosophers such as Peter Achinstein and Bas van Fraassen offered pragmatic ...
- van Gennip, Yvonne
- Dutch athlete who was considered the greatest speed skater from The Netherlands since Ard Schenk. She won three Olympic gold medals in 1988. [1 Related Articles]
- Van Gogh Museum
- (from the article "Amsterdam") ...annually. The Rijksmuseum (State Museum) is famous for its collection of 17th-century Dutch masterpieces. The Stedelijk (Municipal) Museum is a leading international collection of modern art. The Van Gogh Museum ...
- van Gogh, Theo
- (from the article "Performing Arts") In The Netherlands, 06/05 (2004), the last film made by Theo van Gogh before he was assassinated, was a fierce political speculation that the murder of politician Pim Fortuyn in ...
- Van Halen
- American heavy metal band distinguished by the innovative electric-guitar playing of Eddie Van Halen. The original members were guitarist Eddie Van Halen (b. Jan. 26, 1957, Nijmegen, Neth., ), drummer ...
- Van Halen, Alex
- (from the article "Van Halen") ...guitarist Eddie Van Halen (b. Jan. 26, 1957Nijmegen, Neth.), drummer Alex Van Halen (b. May 8, 1955 Nijmegen), bassist Michael Anthony...
- Van Halen, Eddie
- (from the article "Jackson, Michael") ...dance track and the vehicle for Jackson's trademark "moonwalk" dance, topped the pop charts, as did Beat It, which featured a raucous solo from famed guitarist Eddie ...
- Van Heusen, Jimmy
- U.S. songwriter who composed for films, stage musicals, and recordings that most often featured singers Bing Crosby and Frank Sinatra. [4 Related Articles]
- Van Horne, Sir William Cornelius
- U.S.-born Canadian railway official who directed the construction of Canada's first transcontinental railroad.
- Van Kleeck, Mary Abby
- American social researcher and reformer, a dynamic and influential figure in the investigation and improvement of labour conditions in the first half of the 20th century.
- Van Lang
- (from the article "Hung Vuong") legendary founder of the first Vietnamese state-Van Lang (the Land of the Tattooed Men)-probably located north of what is now Hanoi.history of Vietnam
- Van Lerberghe, Charles
- Belgian poet, short-story writer, and playwright whose reputation rests largely on two collections of poems-Entrevisions (1898; "Glimpses") and La Chanson d'Eve (1904; "The Song of Eve")-that exemplify his lyrical talent ...
- Van Lew, Elizabeth L.
- American Civil War agent who, through clever planning and by feigning mental affliction, managed to gather important intelligence for the Union.
- Van Loo, Charles-Andre
- Rococo painter especially known for his elegant portraits of European royalty and fashionable society in the mid-18th century.
- van Maanen, Adrian
- (from the article "galaxy") ...the Andromeda Nebula most certainly was only a few hundred light-years away. The second came about because of a very curious error made by one of Shapley's colleagues at Mount ...
- van Neck, Jacob
- (from the article "India") ...ample resources, were the first to arrive after the Portuguese. Their first voyage was in 1595, helped by the local knowledge of Jan Huyghen van Linschoten, who had worked for ...
- van Nelle tobacco factory
- (from the article "Brinkman, Johannes Andreas") Dutch architect particularly noted for his role in the design of the van Nelle tobacco factory, Rotterdam, one of the most architecturally important industrial buildings of the 1920s and one ...
- Van Nu en Straks circle
- group of writers associated with an influential Flemish review, Van Nu en Straks ("Today and Tomorrow"; 1893-94 and 1896-1901). Though holding a variety of opinions, they strove for an art ... [1 Related Articles]
- Van Orden v. Perry
- (from the article "Religion") ...County v. ACLU, the court said that displays on the wall of two rural Kentucky courthouses had had the unconstitutional purpose of favouring monotheistic religions. In the other case, Van ...
- van Paemel, Monika
- (from the article "Belgian literature") ...noticed, giving rise to the label "the silent generation." About 1980, however, the impasse was broken when such writers as Leo Pleysier, Pol Hoste, Eriek Verpale, Eric de Kuyper, and ...
- Van Peebles, Melvin
- American filmmaker who wrote, directed, and starred in Sweet Sweetback's Baadasssss Song (1971), a groundbreaking film that spearheaded the rush of African American action films known as ...
- van pool
- (from the article "mass transit") Some agencies and employers have subsidized vanpooling, ride sharing in 8- to 15-passenger vans provided by the sponsor. One worker is recruited to drive the van to and from work ...
- van Praagh, Dame Peggy
- British-born ballet dancer and director, and founder and tireless artistic director (1963-74) of the Australian Ballet. [1 Related Articles]
- Van Rensselaer, Mariana Alley Griswold
- American writer and critic who is perhaps best remembered for her insightful works on architecture and landscaping.
- van Rhijn function
- (from the article "Milky Way Galaxy") In short, the true density of stars in the solar neighbourhood is difficult to establish. The value most commonly quoted is 0.003 stars per cubic light-year, a value obtained by ...
- Van Ronk, Dave
- American folk singer and musician (b. June 30, 1936, Brooklyn, N.Y.-d. Feb. 10, 2002, New York City), was an influential figure in the American folk music revival of the 1950s ...
- van Schalkwyk, Marthinus
- (from the article "South Africa") The old apartheid-era ruling party, Marthinus van Schalkwyk's NNP, had an election pact with the ANC but received a paltry 1.65% of the vote, down from 6.87% in 1999, and ...
- Van Slyke method
- (from the article "amine") This reaction has been used for analytical determination of primary amino groups in a procedure known as the Van Slyke method. With aromatic primary amines, nitrogen is not lost if ...
- Van Steenbergen, Henrik
- Belgian cyclist (b. Sept. 9, 1924, Arendonck, Belg.-d. May 15, 2003, Antwerp, Belg.), during a 24-year career (1943-66), won more than 900 professional races, including three world road-racing championships (1949, ...
- Van Sweringen, Mantis James
- (from the article "Van Sweringen, Oris Paxton and Mantis James") The Van Sweringens were inseparable in their personal lives as well as in their business endeavours. When transportation facilities for Shaker Heights proved inadequate, they created an electric transit system ...
- Van Sweringen, Oris Paxton
- (from the article "Van Sweringen, Oris Paxton and Mantis James") The Van Sweringens were inseparable in their personal lives as well as in their business endeavours. When transportation facilities for Shaker Heights proved inadequate, they created an electric transit system ...
- Van Sweringen, Oris Paxton and Mantis James
- brothers, railroad executives who from 1916 purchased and reorganized several major U.S. railways. They were also real estate speculators who from 1905 developed Shaker Heights, a prosperous suburb of Cleveland, ...
- Van Tien Dung
- North Vietnamese general (b. May 1, 1917, Co Nhue, French Indochina-d. March 17, 2002, Hanoi, Vietnam), was one of North Vietnam's greatest war heroes-a peasant soldier who rose to become ...
- Van Valkenburg, Alvin
- (from the article "high-pressure phenomena") The utility of the diamond cell was greatly enhanced when Alvin Van Valkenburg, one of the original diamond-cell inventors at the National Bureau of Standards, placed a thin metal foil ...
- Van Vechten, Carl
- U.S. novelist and music and drama critic, an influential figure in New York literary circles in the 1920s; he was an early enthusiast for the culture of U.S. blacks. [1 Related Articles]
- Van Vleck, John H.
- American physicist and mathematician who shared the Nobel Prize for Physics in 1977 with Philip W. Anderson and Sir Nevill F. Mott. The prize honoured Van Vleck's contributions to the ... [1 Related Articles]
- Van Vogt, A.E.
- Canadian author of science fiction who emerged as one of the leading writers of the genre in the mid-20th century. His stories are characterized as fast-paced adventures with complex, sometimes ... [1 Related Articles]
- Van Volkenburg, Ellen
- (from the article "puppetry") In the United States the artistic puppet revival was largely inspired by Ellen Van Volkenburg at the Chicago Little Theatre with productions that included A Midsummer Night's Dream in 1916. ...
- Van Vollenhoven, Tom
- South African rugby football player who reached the pinnacle of success in both rugby union and rugby league. He played on the wing for the South African national team, the ...
- Van Zandt, Marie
- American opera singer who achieved major European success in a career marked by dramatic heights and depths.
- Van Zandt, Steve
- (from the article "Sopranos, The") Christopher (Michael Imperioli), Paulie (Tony Sirico), and Sil (Steve Van Zandt) form Tony's trusted inner circle, through whom Tony's business deals are played out. The themes of identity, guilt, and ...
- Van Zandt, Townes
- American country and folk musician whose public obscurity was countered by the high esteem with which he was held by the musicians who transformed his haunting ballads into such hits ... [1 Related Articles]
- Van Zant, Ronnie
- (from the article "Lynyrd Skynyrd") ...band that rose to prominence during the Southern rock boom of the 1970s on the strength of its triple-guitar attack and gritty, working-class attitude. The principal members were Ronnie Van ...
- Van, Lake
- lake, largest body of water in Turkey and the second largest in the Middle East. The lake is located in the region of eastern Anatolia near the border of Iran. ... [3 Related Articles]
- vanadate mineral
- any of the many naturally occurring compounds of vanadium (V), oxygen (O), and various metals; most of these minerals are rare, having crystallized under ...
- vanadic anhydride
- vanadium pentoxide, a compound of vanadium and oxygen widely used as an oxidation catalyst, as in the oxidation of unburned hydrocarbons in automobile exhaust (see vanadium).
- vanadinite
- vanadium mineral in the pyromorphite series of the apatite group of phosphates, lead chloride vanadate, Pb5(VO4)3Cl. It is a source of vanadium and a minor source of lead. The mineral's ...
- vanadium
- (V), chemical element, silvery-white soft metal of Group Vb of the periodic table. It is alloyed with steel and iron for high-speed tool steel, high-strength low-alloy steel, and wear-resistant cast ... [4 Related Articles]
- vanadium oxide
- (from the article "oxide") ..."in both ways"), meaning that these compounds can behave either as acids or as bases. Amphoteric oxides dissolve not only in acidic solutions but also in basic solutions. For example, ...
- vanadium pentoxide
- (from the article "vanadium processing") Titaniferous magnetite ore is partially reduced with coal in rotary kilns and then melted in a furnace. This produces a slag containing most of the titanium and a pig iron ...
- vanadium processing
- preparation of the metal for use in various products. [4 Related Articles]
- vanadocyte
- (from the article "coloration") Pale-green pigment, hemovanadin, is found within the blood cells (vanadocytes) of sea squirts (Tunicata) belonging to the families Ascidiidae and Perophoridae. The biochemical function of hemovanadin, a strong reducing agent, ...
- Vanadzor
- city, northern Armenia. It lies at the confluence of the Pambak, Tandzut, and Vanadzoriget rivers. In 1826 the villages of Bolshoy and Maly Karaklis were merged into the town of ... [1 Related Articles]
- vanaprastha
- (from the article "ashrama") ...the begetting of sons, work toward sustaining one's family and helping support priests and holy men, and fulfillment of duties toward gods and ancestors, (3) the hermit (
- vanaspati
- (from the article "fat and oil processing") ...wild state. In contrast to most high-population-density tropical areas, cattle abound in India. Clarified butter or ghee is an important item of Indian cookery, and a hydrogenated shortening called vanaspati ...
- Vanbrugh Theatre
- (from the article "Royal Academy of Dramatic Art") ...academy from 1909 until 1955 was Sir Kenneth Barnes, who assured its success. A royal charter was granted in 1920, and from 1924 the Royal Academy received an annual government ...
- Vanbrugh, Sir John
- British architect who brought the English Baroque style to its culmination in Blenheim Palace, Oxfordshire. He was also one of the dramatists of the Restoration comedy of manners. [6 Related Articles]
- Vance, Cyrus
- American lawyer and public official who was secretary of state from 1977 to 1980 during the administration of President Jimmy Carter. [3 Related Articles]
- Vance, Zebulon B.
- North Carolina representative, governor, and senator during the American Civil War and Reconstruction eras.
- Vance-Owen plan
- (from the article "fascism") In May 1993, after a year of severe economic hardship caused by UN-imposed sanctions, Milosevic accepted an international agreement for the division of Bosnia into 10 ethnic cantons. The Vance-Owen ...
- Vanch Range
- (from the article "Pamirs") ...Glacier. The western slope intersects other ranges that lie still farther to the west: the Peter I Range, with Moscow Peak (22,260 feet); the Darvaz Range, with Arnavad Peak (19,957 ...
- vancomycin
- (from the article "staphylococcus") ...in hospitals and nursing homes are particularly susceptible to MRSA infection, which is difficult to treat because of its resistance to most antibiotics. The treatment of MRSA infections with vancomycin, ...
- vancomycin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus
- (from the article "staphylococcus") ...because of its resistance to most antibiotics. The treatment of MRSA infections with vancomycin, an antibiotic often considered as a last line of defense against MRSA, has led to the ...
- Vancouver
- city, southwestern British Columbia, Canada. It is the major urban centre of western Canada and the focus of one of the country's most populous metropolitan regions. [4 Related Articles]
- Vancouver
- city, seat (1854) of Clark county, southwestern Washington, U.S. It lies at the head of deepwater navigation on the Columbia River, there bridged to Portland, Oregon. The oldest continuously inhabited ...
- Vancouver Aquarium
- aquarium located in Stanley Park, Vancouver, B.C., Can., that has the largest collection of fishes and marine invertebrates in Canada. The collection includes nearly 3,000 specimens of about 300 fish ...
- Vancouver Island
- island lying off of southwestern British Columbia, Canada. With an area of 12,079 square miles (31,285 square km), it is the largest island on the Pacific coast of North America. ... [3 Related Articles]
- Vancouver Railroad Tunnel
- (from the article "tunnels and underground excavations") ...to South America. From this experience plus limited trial at the Hecla Mine in Idaho, the first major use of coarse-aggregate shotcrete for tunnel support in North America developed in ...
- Vancouver, Fort
- (from the article "Vancouver") ...deepwater navigation on the Columbia River, there bridged to Portland, Oregon. The oldest continuously inhabited white settlement in the state, it was founded in 1824 as a Hudson's Bay Company ...
- Vancouver, George
- English navigator who, with great precision, completed one of the most difficult surveys ever undertaken, that of the Pacific coast of North America, from the vicinity of San Francisco northward ... [7 Related Articles]
- Vanda
- genus of colourful orchids, family Orchidaceae, with about 50 species distributed from East Asia to Australia. Most species have long, sturdy stems that bear closely spaced, strap-shaped leaves. Many hybrids ...
- Vanda coerulea
- (from the article "Vanda") ...V. sanderiana, is considered to be in a separate genus, Euanthe, by some authorities. This many-coloured Philippine flower is often used in hybridization. The bluish-flowered V. coerulea and the dark-spotted ...
- Vanda sanderiana
- (from the article "Vanda") Vanda flowers usually are flat and have a short spur on the lip. One of the most beautiful species, V. sanderiana, is considered to be in a separate genus, Euanthe, ...
- Vanda tricolor
- (from the article "Vanda") ...to be in a separate genus, Euanthe, by some authorities. This many-coloured Philippine flower is often used in hybridization. The bluish-flowered V. coerulea and the dark-spotted V. tricolor are other ...
- Vandal
- member of a Germanic people who maintained a kingdom in North Africa from AD 429 to 534 and who sacked Rome in 455. Their name has remained a synonym for ... [14 Related Articles]
- Vandalia
- city, seat (1821) of Fayette county, south-central Illinois, U.S. Vandalia lies on the Kaskaskia River, about 70 miles (115 km) southeast of Springfield. Its name is of unknown origin but ...
- Vandalia
- (from the article "West Virginia") Despite these obstacles, the population expanded westward, and discontent with the government east of the mountains became endemic. A 14th colony, to be named Vandalia, was proposed in 1769, and ...
- Vandamme, Dominique-Rene, Count d'Unebourg
- French general in the Revolutionary and Napoleonic wars.
- Vandaravu
- (from the article "Palni Hills") The upper Palnis, in the west, consist of rolling hills covered with coarse grasses; dense forests grow in the valleys. Peaks include Vandaravu, 8,376 feet (2,553 m); Vembadi Shola, 8,221 ...
- Vandegrift, Alexander A.
- U.S. Marine Corps officer who led the first large-scale U.S. offensive against the Japanese, on Guadalcanal in the Solomon Islands, during World War II.
- Vanden Boeynants, Paul
- Belgian politician (b. May 22, 1919, Brussels, Belg.-d. Jan. 9, 2001, Aalst, Belg.), was a longtime member of Parliament (1952-85), the French-speaking leader of the centrist Social Christian Party (from ...
- vanden Heuvel, Katrina
- (from the article "Nation, The") In 1995 Victor Navasky, who had been The Nation's editor since 1978, became its publisher. He held the position until 2005, when he was succeeded by Katrina ...
- Vandenberg, Arthur H.
- U.S. Republican senator who was largely responsible for bipartisan congressional support of international cooperation and of President Harry S. Truman's anticommunist foreign policy after World War II. [2 Related Articles]
- Vander Meer, Johnny
- American professional baseball player who, as a member of the Cincinnati Reds in 1938, became the only pitcher in major league history to throw no-hitters in consecutive starts (b. Nov. ...
- Vanderbijlpark
- town, Gauteng province, South Africa, on the Vaal River, southwest of Johannesburg. It was founded in 1942 after it was determined that the South African Iron and Steel Industrial Corporation ...
- Vanderbilt Club system
- (from the article "bridge") ...student of bridge since the earliest appearance of contract bridge. The first system proposed was that of Harold S. Vanderbilt, who created the game that became successful as contract bridge. ...
- Vanderbilt Cup race
- (from the article "automobile racing") ...(except for 1907) at distances ranging from 450 to 482 km. Thereafter the race was run at Savannah, Ga.; Milwaukee; Santa Monica, Calif.; and San Francisco until its discontinuance in ...
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