(from the article "Literature") One of the year's most celebrated novels was Francois Vallejo's Ouest, in which Lambert, the traditionalist game warden of a castle in the 1860s, takes an immediate dislike to the ...
(from the article "Sonoma") ...of San Francisco and 20 miles (30 km) southeast of Santa Rosa, in the Sonoma Valley (made famous by Jack London as the "Valley of the Moon"). It was founded ...
(from the article "theatre, Western") ...but the French love of order resulted in the intensification of the dramatic unities of time, place, and action. The first fully professional company, which included women, was that of ...
(from the article "Bolivia") ...the Andes become much wider and are formed by a high, tilted block called the Puna, with west-facing escarpments and more gentle eastward slopes down to the plains. The Puna ...
city, eastern San Luis Potosi estado (state), northeastern Mexico. It lies along the Tampaon (or Valles) River, west-southwest of Tampico. Sugarcane, citrus fruits, avocados, coffee, tobacco, and cattle are ...
vast system of interconnected canyons on the planet Mars. The system was discovered during, and named for, the Mariner 9 mission in 1971. The canyons extend in an east-west direction ... [1 Related Articles]
seaport and capital of Malta, on the northeast coast of the island. The nucleus of the city is built on the promontory of Mount Sceberras that runs like a tongue ... [5 Related Articles]
(from the article "Fiat SpA") ...to be a potent combination in the Italian automotive industry. By 1910 the firm was the largest in Italy, a position it has maintained since. The other major figure in ...
elongate depression of the Earth's surface. Valleys are most commonly drained by rivers and may occur in a relatively flat plain or between ranges of hills or mountains. Those valleys ... [2 Related Articles]
(from the article "breeze") Similarly, a valley breeze is produced by rapid warming of the valley floor that causes the air to expand and flow up the slopes. The rising currents sometimes trigger thunderstorms ...
city, seat (1879) of Barnes county, southeastern North Dakota, U.S. It lies in the Sheyenne River valley, about 60 miles (100 km) west of Fargo. Before settlement, Cheyenne, Sioux, Cree, ...
in the American Revolution, Pennsylvania encampment grounds of the Continental Army under General George Washington from December 19, 1777, to June 19, 1778, a period that marked the triumph of ... [4 Related Articles]
(from the article "Shenandoah Valley") The route of the famous 19th-century Valley Turnpike (also now an interstate highway) was early used by Native Americans and later became a main artery for westward expansion. The lower ...
(from the article "pyramid") ...itself, containing or surmounting the grave proper and standing within an enclosure on high desert ground; an adjacent mortuary temple; and a causeway leading down to a pavilion (usually called ...
(from the article "outwash") ...transport. Outwashes are the largest of the fluvioglacial deposits and provide a considerable source of windblown material. When confined within valley walls, the outwash deposit is known as a valley ...
(from the article "Anguilla") ...territory. It is the most northerly of the Leeward Islands in the Lesser Antilles and lies about 12 miles (19 km) north of the island of Saint Martin and 60 ...
Italian actress (b. May 31, 1921, Pula, Italy [now in Croatia]-d. April 22, 2006, Rome, Italy), had roles in more than 100 films, but she was best known outside Italy ...
(from the article "Four Seasons, the") American rock-and-roll group that was among the best-selling recording artists of the early and mid-1960s. Best remembered for lead singer Frankie Valli's soaring falsetto, the Four Seasons had a string ...
(from the article "Fashions") A new wave of talented designers achieved industry recognition. Giambattista Valli, the former ready-to-wear director of Emanuel Ungaro, had his own-name line picked up by upscale American department stores Saks ...
Italian actor who appeared in leading stage roles and won many awards for his work in motion pictures. He was also well known as a theatre manager and founded the ...
Canadian writer whose Les Negres blancs d'Amerique (1968; White Niggers of America, 1971) reflected his anger at injustice and became the Quebec separatist movement's call to action; at first favouring ...
(from the article "Saint Petersburg") ...and paintings. A magnificent semicircular Corinthian colonnade dominates its exterior. Another interesting building is the department store Gostiny Dvor (1761-85), originally designed by Jean-Baptiste M. Vallin de la Mothe. This ...
(from the article "fascism") ...exigencies), and he distributed gold medals to mothers who produced the most children. In Germany the Nazis forbade female party members from giving orders to male members. In a speech ...
(from the article "Markelius, Sven") ...and trees, became a prototype for informal, "site-conscious" houses throughout the world. As director of planning for the city of Stockholm (1938-54), he supervised the design of Vallingby, a satellite ...
(from the article "eelgrass") any of two different groups of ribbonlike aquatic plants. Vallisneria species (family Hydrocharitaceae), also called tape grass, are native to temperate and tropical waters; V. spiralis, often grown in aquariums, ...
village, Firenze province, Toscana (Tuscany) region, north central Italy, in a valley on the northern slope of the Monti (mountains) Pratomagno, 21 mi (33 km) southeast of Florence (Firenze). Surrounded ...
Italian actor (b. Feb. 17, 1916, Tropea, Italy-d. Oct. 31, 2002, Rome, Italy), was one of the leading stars of Italian Neorealist films of the 1940s. Though an associaton football ...
(from the article "Palladio, Andrea") Palladio's elevations have always a central emphasis that reflects the axial symmetry of the plan. This is developed in the Palazzo Valmarana, Vicenza, of 1565, along with an increasing use ...
(from the article "Ramayana") ...("Great Epic of the Bharata Dynasty"). The Ramayana was composed in Sanskrit, probably not before 300 BC, by the poet Valmiki, and in its present form consists ...
(from the article "French revolutionary and Napoleonic wars") ...declared war in April 1792. On September 20, 1792, French forces under Charles-Francois Dumouriez and Francois-Christophe Kellermann turned back an invading Prussian-Austrian force at Valmy, and by November the French ...
historic region of France that gave its name to the second line of the Capetian dynasty; it corresponds to the southeastern quarter of the modern departement of Oise, with an ...
the royal house of France from 1328 to 1589, ruling the nation from the end of the feudal period into the early modern age. The Valois kings continued the work ... [11 Related Articles]
(from the article "fascism") ...by 1939 it included some 3,000 mayors, about 1,000 municipal councilmen, and 12 parliamentary deputies. Other fascist movements in France included the short-lived Faisceau (1925-28), led by Georges Valois; the ...
(from the article "Brazil") ...the nation's prosperity. In response, representatives of the three major coffee-producing states-Sao Paulo, Minas Gerais, and Rio de Janeiro-inaugurated a federally supported scheme in 1906 by which the government would ...
region, central Chile, bordering the Pacific Ocean on the west, Argentina on the east, and Santiago metropolitan region on the southeast. It was created in 1974 and encompasses Valparaiso, San ...
city, central Chile. It lies on the south side of a broad, open bay of the Pacific Ocean, 84 miles (140 km) northwest of the national capital of Santiago. The ... [6 Related Articles]
city, seat of Porter county, northwestern Indiana, U.S. It lies just east-southeast of Gary. Laid out in 1836 as the county seat, it was first called Portersville but was renamed ...
private, coeducational institution of higher education in Valparaiso, Ind., U.S. It is affiliated with the Lutheran Church-Missouri Synod. It grants associate, bachelor's, master's, and professional degrees. The college of arts ...
(from the article "Italy") ...the anarchists. One anarchist, Giuseppe Pinelli, died in mysterious circumstances after "falling" from a fourth-floor window of Milan's central police station. Another anarchist, Pietro Valpreda, was arrested and charged with ...
city, southeastern Gujarat state, west-central India. It lies along the Gulf of Cambay, south of the city of Surat. Valsad is known for its handloomed cloth, dyes, bricks, and pottery, ...
(from the article "ear, human") ...be overcome by attempting a forced expiration with the mouth and nostrils held tightly shut. This maneuver, which raises the air pressure in the pharynx and causes the tube to ...
(from the article "Morgagni, Giovanni Battista") After graduating in 1701 at Bologna with degrees in philosophy and medicine, Morgagni acted as prosector to A.M. Valsalva, whom he assisted in preparing the latter's celebrated De Aure Humana ...
(from the article "pre-Columbian civilizations") ...working at the site of Tlapacoya, southeast of Mexico City, uncovered a well-made blade of obsidian associated with a radiocarbon date of about 21,000 BC. Near Puebla, Mexico, excavations in ...
upper valley of the Adda River from its sources in the Ortles mountains westward to its entry into Lake Como, largely in Sondrio provincia, Lombardia (Lombardy) regione, northern Italy. The ... [2 Related Articles]
(from the article "bridge") Maillart's Valtschielbach Bridge of 1926, a deck-stiffened arch with a 43-metre (142-foot) span, demonstrated that the arch can be extremely thin as long as the deck beam is stiff. The ...
(from the article "utility and value") in economics, the determination of the prices of goods and services.accountingaccountingAsset valueAsset value is an important component of a company's ...
(from the article "attitude") Other investigators hold that one's attitude toward any category will correlate with how well that category serves one's own values. For example, a person may be asked to rank specific ...
(from the article "formal logic") ...explained for present purposes as follows: There is said to be a certain function of n arguments (or, of degree n) when there is a rule that specifies a unique ...
(from the article "formal logic") ...known as a domain. D may contain as many or as few objects as one chooses, but it must contain at least one, and the objects may be of any ...
(from the article "research and development") In the areas in which technology advances fastest, new products and new materials are required in a constant flow, but there are many industries in which the rate of change ...
(from the article "international trade") ...clothing manufacturer can add a maximum of $40 for labour, profit markup, rents, and the like. This $40 difference between the $60 cost of material inputs and the price of ...
government levy on the amount that a business firm adds to the price of a commodity during production and distribution of a good. [15 Related Articles]
(from the article "social movement") ...the life-cycle approach to social movements, arguing that empirical studies of numerous movements fail to support the notion of invariant stages of development. Smelser suggests as an alternative a value-added ...
(from the article "Ukraine") ...deemed essential to reintegrate Ukraine fully into the Russian body politic. Shevchenko's patriotic verse earned him arrest and years of exile in Central Asia. In 1863 the minister of the ...
(from the article "Boxing") ...Cologne, Ger., Klitschko stopped Lamon Brewster (U.S.) in the sixth round. Although Brewster had defeated Klitschko in 2004, he had since undergone eye surgery and failed to put up much ...
(from the article "Slovenia") The Slovene government finances research institutes, especially in the natural sciences and technology. A Slovene scholarly tradition dates back to the 17th-century, when the Carniolan polymath Johann Weichard Freiherr von ...
(from the article "Conrad II") ...Milan. Italy was rent by dissensions between the great princes, who, together with their vassals-the capitanei-had suppressed both knights and the burghers of the cities, the valvassores. Conrad upheld the ...
in anatomy, any of various membranous structures, especially in the heart, veins, and lymph ducts, that function to close temporarily a passage or orifice, permitting movement of a fluid in ... [3 Related Articles]
in mechanical engineering, device for controlling the flow of fluids (liquids, gases, slurries) in a pipe or other enclosure. Control is by means of a movable element that opens, shuts, ... [7 Related Articles]
in music, a device, first used in 1815 by musicians Heinrich Stolzel and Friedrich Bluhmel of Berlin, that alters the length of the vibrating air column in brass wind instruments ... [5 Related Articles]
(from the article "gasoline engine") Noisy and erratic valve operation can be eliminated with entirely mechanical valve-lifter linkage only if the tappet clearance between the rocker arms and the valve stems is closely maintained at ...
(from the article "gasoline engine") All four valve events-inlet opening, inlet closing, exhaust opening, and exhaust closing-are accordingly displaced appreciably from the top and bottom dead centres. Opening events are earlier and closing events are ...
(from the article "petroleum refining") ...intervals. The most common fractionating trays are of the sieve or valve type. Sieve trays are simple perforated plates with small holes about 5 to 6 millimetres (0.2 to 0.25 ...
(from the article "trumpet") ...into prominence as a musical instrument in the Middle Ages. Later forms included the natural trumpet of the 16th-18th centuries and, following the invention of valves about 1815, the modern ...
(from the article "Latin American literature") ...antigua de Mexico in the early 19th century, it manifests the Classical erudition of Jesuits in Mexico City and signals the evolution of Creole consciousness. A lawyer and theologian, Antonio ...
Spanish poet and scholar (b. Jan. 26, 1926, Valencia de Alcantara, Spain--d. June 6, 1996, Barcelona, Spain), was one of the leading voices of Spanish literature. His contemplative poetry explores ...
(from the article "Atahuallpa") Atahuallpa rejected demands by the friar Vicente de Valverde, who had accompanied Pizarro, that he accept the Christian faith and the sovereignty of Charles V of Spain, whereupon Pizarro signaled ...
(from the article "Hinduism") The Tantrists of the Vamacara ("the left-hand practice") sought to intensify their own sense impressions by making enjoyment, or sensuality (bhoga), their principal concern: the adept pursued ...
fifth of the 10 incarnations (avataras) of the Hindu god Vishnu. He made his appearance when the demon king Bali ruled the entire universe and the gods had lost their ... [1 Related Articles]
in popular legend, a bloodsucking creature, supposedly the restless soul of a heretic, criminal, or suicide, that leaves its burial place at night, often in the form of a bat, ... [1 Related Articles]
any of three species of blood-eating bats, native to the New World tropics and subtropics. The common vampire bat (Desmodus rotundus), together with the white-winged vampire bat (Diaemus, or Desmodus, ... [2 Related Articles]
(from the article "cephalopod") ...open to water, completely surrounded by free eyelid; open-ocean animals living from the surface down to at least 3,000 m.Purplish-black gelatinous animals with 1 or 2 pairs of paddle-shaped ...
city, eastern Turkey. It lies on the eastern shore of Lake Van at an altitude of about 5,750 feet (1,750 metres). The city lies in an oasis at the foot ...
(from the article "Chrysler Building") office building in New York City, designed by William Van Alen and often cited as the epitome of the Art Deco skyscraper. Its sunburst-patterned stainless steel spire remains one of ...
doughnut-shaped zones of highly energetic charged particles trapped at high altitudes in the magnetic field of the Earth. The zones were named for James A. Van Allen, the American physicist ... [12 Related Articles]
American physicist, whose discovery of the Van Allen radiation belts, two zones of radiation encircling Earth, brought about new understanding of cosmic radiation and its effects on Earth. [5 Related Articles]
(from the article "circus") ...circus to newfound heights of popularity. Until that time, circuses maintained a fair level of success with traveling shows such as the Mount Pitt Circus, as well as those featuring ...
American entrepreneur (b. June 3, 1924, Grand Rapids, Mich.-d. Dec. 7, 2004, Ada, Mich.), cofounded Amway, a direct-sales company that generated billion-dollar revenues around the world. He founded Amway (short ...
(from the article "Phenomenology") In Belgium, at the Catholic University of Louvain, are located the entire posthumous works of Husserl, as well as his personal library. Thanks to the initiative of H.L. Van Breda, ...
(from the article "Oldenburg, Claes") In 1977 Oldenburg married Coosje van Bruggen, his second wife. The couple began to collaborate on commissions, and from 1981 her signature also appeared on their work. They worked with ...
(from the article "Western architecture") ...later, Potter's brother William Appleton-were responsible for a number of collegiate and public buildings in this harsh, polychrome Gothic style, but it was William Robert Ware and his partner Henry ...
city, seat (1839) of Crawford county, western Arkansas, U.S., on the Arkansas River opposite Fort Smith. The site, settled (1818) by Thomas Martin, was later called Phillips Landing (for Thomas ...
the wife of Martin Van Buren, eighth president of the United States. She died 18 years before her husband was sworn in as president and so did not serve as ...
eighth president of the United States (1837-41) and one of the founders of the Democratic Party. He was known as the "Little Magician" to his friends (and the "Sly Fox" ... [5 Related Articles]
Dutch-American colonial merchant and public official who was the first native-born mayor of New York City and chief justice of the Supreme Court of New York.
(from the article "particle accelerator") In Van de Graaff generators, electric charge is transported to the high-voltage terminal on a rapidly moving belt of insulating material driven by a pulley mounted on the grounded end ...
American physicist and inventor of the Van de Graaff generator, a type of high-voltage electrostatic generator that serves as a type of particle accelerator. This device has found widespread use ... [2 Related Articles]
(from the article "The Rembrandt Research Project") The year 2006 marked the 400th year since the birth of the renowned Dutch painter and printmaker Rembrandt van Rijn. The yearlong celebration of "Rembrandt 400"featured exhibitions and events in ...
American archaeologist and the first woman to specialize in Roman field archaeology. She established lasting criteria for the dating of ancient constructions, which advanced the serious study of Roman architecture.
(from the article "Unilever") ...chiefly to Britain. The heavy demand for increasingly expensive butter, however, led the company in 1871 to start producing the newly invented margarine. Meanwhile, another family in Oss, the Van ...
South African police official who created and headed the much-feared Bureau of State Security, which acted ruthlessly to suppress antiapartheid activity, and reportedly employed political murder and torture among his ...
(from the article "galaxy") An entirely different kind of classification scheme is the luminosity classification developed in 1960 by the Canadian astronomer Sidney van den Bergh. Based on morphological considerations, luminosity classes are assigned ...
(from the article "Olympic Games") ...sprinter Marion Jones, who won three gold medals and two bronze. Australian swimmer Ian Thorpe, nicknamed the "Thorpedo," collected three gold medals and a silver, and Dutch swimmers Pieter van ...
(from the article "Orange River") ...which carries water from the Gariep Dam to the Great Fish River; and an irrigation canal between the Great Fish and Sundays rivers. Projects still under construction in the 1990s ...
(from the article "1929/30: Other Winners") Writing: Frances Marion for The Big HouseCinematography: Joseph T. Rucker and Willard Van Der Veer for With Byrd at the South PoleArt Direction: Herman Rosse for King of Jazz
(from the article "gas") ...it is also consistent with the occurrence of condensation when supplemented with a thermodynamic condition. This is possibly one of the most-quoted but little-read theses in science. Nevertheless, van der ...
relatively weak electric forces that attract neutral molecules to one another in gases, in liquefied and solidified gases, and in almost all organic liquids and solids. The forces are named ... [8 Related Articles]
(from the article "algebra, modern") ...to consider the sets, rather than their elements, to be the objects of primary concern. A definitive treatise, Modern Algebra, was written in 1930 by the Dutch ...
