| | - Vibrio parahaemolyticus
- (from the article "vibrio") Three species of vibrio are of significance to humans: V. cholerae is the cause of cholera, and V. parahaemolyticus and V. vulnificus both act as agents of acute enteritis, or ...
- vibriosis
- (from the article "nutrition common microbes that") ...the eyes spread by flies or dust and is most serious in cattle having white pigmentation around one or both eyes. Mastitis, an inflammation of the udder, is caused by ...
- vibrissae
- (from the article "mammal") ...from moisture, and they usually lend a characteristic colour pattern. The thicker underfur is primarily insulative and may differ in colour from the guard hairs. The third common hair type ...
- viburnum
- (genus Viburnum), any of about 175 shrubs and small trees belonging to the family Adoxaceae, native to temperate and subtropical Eurasia and North America, with about 16 species native to ... [1 Related Articles]
- Viburnum trilobum
- (from the article "viburnum") ...It has three- to five-lobed, maplelike leaves and round heads of white flowers that are followed by hanging clusters of shiny, bright red, translucent berries. The leaves turn red in ...
- Vic
- city, Barcelona provincia (province), in the comunidad autonoma (autonomous community) of Catalonia, northeastern Spain. The city is situated on the Vic Plain and lies ...
- Vicaquirao
- (from the article "pre-Columbian civilizations") ...Inca Roca named Yahuar Huacac as the seventh emperor, ensuring a peaceful succession to the throne. Yahuar Huacac was never very healthy and apparently spent most of his time in ...
- vicar
- (from Latin vicarius, "substitute"), an official acting in some special way for a superior, primarily an ecclesiastical title in the Christian Church. In the Roman Empire as reorganized by Emperor ...
- vicar forane
- (from the article "vicar") A vicar forane (or rural dean) is a priest in charge of a subdivision of a diocese called a forane vicariate, or deanery. In canon law a priest working with ...
- vicar general
- (from the article "vicar") A vicar general is appointed by the bishop as the highest administrative officer of the diocese, with most of the powers of the bishop. The pope governs his own diocese ...
- vicar of the apostolic see
- (from the article "vicar") In the early church, the name vicar, or legate, was used for the representative of the pope to the Eastern councils. Beginning in the 4th century, vicar of the apostolic ...
- vicara
- (from the article "Ramana Maharshi") ...creator of souls) and maya (illusion) parallels that of Sankara (c. AD 700-750). His original contribution to yogic philosophy is the technique of vicara (self-"pondering" inquiry).
- vicariance, theory of
- (from the article "biogeographic region") Within historical biogeography, two views-the dispersalist and vicariance hypotheses of biotic distribution patterns-have been at odds. According to the dispersalist view, speciation occurs as animals spread out from a centre ...
- vicarious liability
- (from the article "tort") Vicarious liability is liability imposed on the employer of an employee for the tort of the latter when committed in the course of his employment. This is a form of ...
- Vicat, Louis
- (from the article "suspension bridge") The technique of cable spinning for suspension bridges was invented by the French engineer Louis Vicat, a contemporary of Roebling. Vicat's method employed a traveling wheel to carry the continuous ...
- vice
- (from the article "Rousseau, Jean-Jacques") ...the life of man in such a condition must have been "poor, nasty, brutish and short," Rousseau claims that original man, while admittedly solitary, was healthy, happy, good, and free. ...
- vice chamberlain
- (from the article "Czechoslovak region, history of") ...tacitly recognized the right of the royal boroughs to participate in the diet as the third estate but reserved for themselves the positions on the board of provincial officers, including ...
- vice president
- (from the article "Vice presidents of the United States") ...to a five-year renewable term by an electoral college consisting of the elected members of both houses of parliament and the elected members of the legislative assemblies of all the ...
- vice president of the United States of America
- officer next in rank to the president of the United States, who ascends to the presidency on the event of the president's death, disability, resignation, or removal. The vice president ... [6 Related Articles]
- vicecomites
- (from the article "viscount") In the Carolingian period of European history, the vicecomites, or missi comitis, were deputies, vicars, or lieutenants of the counts, whose official powers they ...
- Vicente Lopez
- partido (county) of Gran (Greater) Buenos Aires, eastern Argentina, directly north of the city of Buenos Aires, in Buenos Aires provincia (province), on the ...
- Vicente, Esteban
- Spanish-born American painter (b. Jan. 20, 1903, Turegano, Spain-d. Jan. 10, 2001, Bridgehampton, N.Y.), was a first-generation member of the avant-garde New York school of painting, which flourished from the ...
- Vicente, Gil
- chief dramatist of Portugal, sometimes called the Portuguese Plautus. He was also a noted lyric poet, in both Portuguese and Spanish. [2 Related Articles]
- Vicente, Gil
- (from the article "metalwork") ...the New World, goldsmiths such as Enrique and Juan de Arfe produced vast containers for the Host known as custodia. The most important Portuguese work, the Belem monstrance, created by ...
- Vicentino, Nicola
- (from the article "choral music") Further experiments in chromaticism were carried out by Nicola Vicentino, whose dramatic setting of O messaggi del cor, by the Renaissance poet Ludovico Ariosto, makes highly effective use of a ...
- Vicenza
- city, episcopal see, Veneto region, northern Italy, traversed by the Bacchiglione and Retrone rivers, at the eastern end of the valley between the Monti Lessini and the Monti Berici (which ... [4 Related Articles]
- viceroy
- one who rules a country or province as the representative of his sovereign or king and who is empowered to act in the sovereign's name. Viceroy (virrey) was the title ... [3 Related Articles]
- viceroy
- (from the article "brush-footed butterfly") The viceroy (Basilarchia archippus, or Limenitis archippus) is known for its imitation of the monarch butterfly, which is distasteful to predators. Through this resemblance the edible viceroy, which can be ...
- viceroyalty
- (from the article "Latin American architecture") Spain initially organized its management and governance of the New World according to viceroyalties-geographical regions administered by a viceroy, a direct representative of the Spanish crown vested with executive, legislative, ...
- Vichada
- departamento, eastern Colombia. It lies in the Llanos (plains) of the Orinoco River basin and is bounded north and east by Venezuela and south by the Guaviare River. It is ...
- Vichada River
- (from the article "Orinoco River") ...its way through a series of narrow passages among enormous granite boulders. The waters fall in a succession of rapids, ending with the Atures Rapids. In this region, the main ...
- Vichuga
- centre of a rayon (sector), Ivanovo oblast (province), western Russia. It lies about 18 miles (30 km) south of the Volga River and 40 miles (64 km) northeast of Ivanovo ...
- Vichy
- town, Allier departement, Auvergne region, central France. It lies on the east bank of the Allier River. Vichy is the chief spa of France. The town, largely modern and with ...
- Vichy France
- (July 1940-September 1944), France under the regime of Marshal Philippe Petain from the Nazi German defeat of France to the Allied liberation in World War II. [10 Related Articles]
- vicinal dihalide
- (from the article "organohalogen compound") Vicinal dihalides, compounds that have halogens on adjacent carbons, are prepared by the reaction between a halogen and an alkene. The simplest example is the reaction between ethylene and chlorine ...
- vicious circle
- (from the article "logic, history of") ...many other paradoxes devised by Burali-Forti, George Godfrey Berry, and others, Russell and Whitehead concluded that the main difficulty lies in allowing the construction of entities that contain a "vicious ...
- Vicious, Sid
- (from the article "Sex Pistols, the") ...and Glen Matlock (b. Aug. 27, 1956London). A later member was Sid Vicious (byname of John Simon Ritchie; b. May 10, 1957London-d. Feb. 2,...
- vicitra vina
- (from the article "gottuvadyam") ...stone or a cylinder of wood or horn over the strings. Primarily played as a solo instrument, it is considered a very difficult instrument to master and requires a very ...
- Vick, Michael
- (from the article "Football") Quarterback Michael Vick, whose Atlanta Falcons replica jerseys once led all NFL sales, was sentenced December 10 to 23 months in federal prison for conspiracy to operate a dog-fighting enterprise. ...
- Vickers Diamond Pyramid Hardness tester
- (from the article "hardness tester") The Vickers hardness tester uses a square-based diamond pyramid indenter, and the hardness number is equal to the load divided by the product of the lengths of the diagonals of ...
- Vickers hardness
- a measure of the hardness of a material, calculated from the size of an impression produced under load by a pyramid-shaped diamond indenter. Devised in the 1920s by engineers at ...
- Vickers Medium
- (from the article "tank") ...the mobility of tanks. Even before World War I had ended, work had started on the Medium D with a maximum speed of 20 miles per hour. Between 1923 and ...
- Vickers, Edward
- (from the article "airplane") Even before the ceiling on speed of the piston plane was reached in the DC-7 in the mid-1950s, the Vickers company in Britain had flown an adaptation of the turbine ...
- Vickers, Ltd.
- (from the article "Rolls-Royce PLC") ...Motor Holdings Limited, comprising the automobile and diesel-engine operations, was created in 1973 and returned to private stockholders. In 1980 Rolls-Royce Motor Holdings Limited was acquired by Vickers Ltd., becoming ...
- Vickers-Armstrong
- (from the article "tank") ...the value of light tanks armed only with machine guns decreased, and heavier models armed with 37- to 47-millimetre guns for fighting other tanks began to displace them. An early ...
- Vickers-Armstrong A.10
- (from the article "tank") ...compartment at the rear, and rotating turret at the centre. The turret mounted the main armament and was occupied by the tank's commander, gunner, and loader. This configuration, introduced by ...
- Vickery, Howard Leroy
- U.S. naval officer and outstanding merchant shipbuilder of World War II.
- Vickrey auction
- (from the article "Vickrey, William") In awarding him the 1996 Nobel Prize, the selection committee specifically cited his novel approach to auctioneering (now known as a "Vickrey auction"), which, through sealed bidding, awards the auctioned ...
- Vickrey, William
- Canadian-born American economist who brought innovative analysis to the problems of incomplete, or asymmetrical, information. He shared the 1996 Nobel Prize for Economics with British economist James A. Mirrlees. [3 Related Articles]
- Vicksburg
- city, seat (1836) of Warren county, western Mississippi, U.S. It lies on the Mississippi River, at the mouth of the Yazoo River, 44 miles (71 km) west of Jackson. Frenchmen ... [1 Related Articles]
- Vicksburg Campaign
- (1862-63), in the American Civil War, the campaign by Union forces to take the Confederate stronghold of Vicksburg, Mississippi, which lay on the east bank of the Mississippi River, halfway ... [8 Related Articles]
- Vicksburg National Military Park
- (from the article "Vicksburg") Vicksburg National Military Park, established in 1899, occupies 2.7 square miles (7 square km) and partially encircles the city. It preserves the site of the Civil War campaigns and contains ...
- Vico, Giambattista
- Italian philosopher of cultural history and law, who is recognized today as a forerunner of cultural anthropology, or ethnology. He attempted, especially in his major work, the Scienza nuova (1725; ... [12 Related Articles]
- victim
- (from the article "crime") Knowledge of the types of people who are victims of crime requires that they report their crimes, either to the police or to researchers who ask them about their experiences ...
- victim survey
- (from the article "criminology") To overcome problems with official statistics, researchers in many countries have utilized victimization surveys, in which random samples of the population are generally asked whether they have been victims of ...
- victimization
- (from the article "victimology") ...victimology focuses on whether the perpetrators were complete strangers, mere acquaintances, friends, family members, or even intimates and why a particular person or place was targeted. Criminal victimization may inflict ...
- victimless crime
- (from the article "crime") ...for that distortion is the extent to which police resources are directed toward the investigation of one kind of crime rather than another, particularly with regard to what are known ...
- victimology
- branch of criminology that scientifically studies the relationship between an injured party and an offender by examining the causes and the nature of the consequent suffering. Specifically, victimology focuses on ...
- Victor
- (from the article "submarine") The most prominent submarine-hunting submarines of the Soviet Union were of the three Victor classes. The Victor I vessels, which entered service beginning in 1968, introduced the "tear-drop" hull configuration ...
- Victor (IV)
- antipope from March to May 29, 1138. He was a cardinal when chosen pope by a faction opposing Pope Innocent II and led by King Roger II of Sicily and ...
- Victor (IV)
- antipope from 1159 to 1164 and the second antipope designated as Victor IV. The first of four antipopes established against Pope Alexander III by the Holy Roman emperor Frederick I ... [3 Related Articles]
- Victor Amadeus I
- duke of Savoy from 1630 to 1637, son of Charles Emmanuel I.
- Victor Amadeus II
- duke of Savoy who through his diplomacy became the first king of Sardinia-Piedmont and thus established the foundation for the future Italian national state. [7 Related Articles]
- Victor Amadeus III
- Savoyard king of Sardinia (Piedmont-Sardinia) from 1773 to 1796. [1 Related Articles]
- Victor B.2
- (from the article "Page, Sir Frederick Handley") Page's company manufactured transports and the Halifax heavy bomber during World War II. The Handley Page Victor B.2, a long-range medium bomber, was deployed with the Royal Air Force Bomber ...
- Victor Company of Japan
- (from the article "television") The first home VCRs were introduced in the mid-1970s, first by Sony and then by the Victor Company of Japan (JVC), both using 12-mm (one-half-inch) tape packaged in a cassette. ...
- Victor Emanuel Range
- section of the central highlands, east of the Star Mountains, Papua New Guinea, southwestern Pacific Ocean. The rugged range, rising sheer from the south to over 10,000 feet (3,000 metres), ...
- Victor Emmanuel I
- duke of Aosta, duke of Savoy, and king of Sardinia (1802-21) on his brother Charles Emmanuel IV's abdication. [3 Related Articles]
- Victor Emmanuel II
- king of Sardinia-Piedmont who became the first king of a united Italy. [9 Related Articles]
- Victor Emmanuel II, Monument to
- (from the article "Western architecture") ...appropriate in a country that was home to the Renaissance. It thus blended well with the growth of Italian nationalism, of which the most conspicuous architectural expression is Giuseppe Sacconi's ...
- Victor Emmanuel III
- king of Italy whose reign brought the end of the Italian monarchy. [10 Related Articles]
- Victor Gollancz, Ltd.
- (from the article "Gollancz, Sir Victor") ...officer training courses at Repton, a well-known public school (1916-18). From 1920 to 1928 he worked in the publishing house of Benn Brothers, and in the latter year he founded ...
- Victor Gruen Associates
- (from the article "Gruen, Victor") ...the United States, where he began designing projects in various cities, beginning with the Lederer Store (New York City, 1939). He became a naturalized U.S. citizen in 1943. In 1950 ...
- Victor Harbor
- town and coastal resort, South Australia, situated at the mouth of the Inman River, on the northwest shore of Encounter Bay (so called for the chance meeting of the British ...
- Victor I, Saint
- pope from about 189 to 198/199. [2 Related Articles]
- Victor II
- pope from 1055 to 1057. [2 Related Articles]
- Victor III, Blessed
- pope from 1086 to 1087. [2 Related Articles]
- Victor Talking Machine Company
- (from the article "Camden") ...pen company, the first of its kind in the country, was established in Camden in 1860; the Campbell Soup Company plant was opened there in 1869 and started marketing condensed ...
- Victor, Frances Auretta Fuller
- American writer and historian who wrote prolifically, and sometimes without acknowledgement, on the history of the western United States, particularly the Pacific Northwest. [1 Related Articles]
- Victor, Geraldo Bessa
- Angolan lyric poet whose work expresses the dream of racial harmony and the need to recapture the openness and purity of childhood.
- Victor, Metta Victoria Fuller
- American writer of popular fiction who is remembered as the author of many impassioned works on social ills and of a number of "dime novels," including one of the country's ...
- Victor, Paul-Emile
- French polar explorer and ethnologist who led more than 60 expeditions to the Arctic and Antarctic regions (b. June 28, 1907--d. March 7, 1995).
- Victor, Sextus Aurelius
- (from the article "ancient Rome") ...Rome was Ammianus Marcellinus, a Greek who wrote in Latin for the Roman aristocracy; of his Res gestae, the most completely preserved part describes the period from 353 to 378. ...
- Victor-Perrin, Claude, Duc De Bellune
- a leading French general of the French Revolutionary and Napoleonic wars, who was created marshal of France in 1807.
- Victoria
- queen of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland (1837-1901) and empress of India (1876-1901). She was the last of the House of Hanover and gave her name to ... [14 Related Articles]
- Victoria
- in Roman religion, personification of victory, the equivalent of the Greek goddess Nike. She was often associated with Jupiter, Mars, and other deities and was especially worshipped by the army. ...
- Victoria
- capital of British Columbia, Canada. It is located on the southeastern tip of Vancouver Island, overlooking Juan de Fuca Strait. One of the province's oldest communities, it was founded in ...
- Victoria
- (from the article "Labuan") island, East Malaysia, 6 miles (10 km) off northwestern Borneo in the South China Sea. Commanding the entrance to Brunei Bay, it is roughly triangular. Its chief town, Victoria, on ...
- Victoria
- town and capital of the Republic of Seychelles, located on the northeastern coast of Mahe Island, the largest island in the Seychelles group. Victoria is the only port of the ... [5 Related Articles]
- Victoria
- (from the article "water lily") The largest water lilies are those of the tropical South American genus Victoria, comprising two species of giant water lilies. The leaf margins of both the Amazon, or royal, water ...
- victoria
- French carriage, named for Queen Victoria at least by 1844, and renowned for its elegance. It was first imported into England by the Prince of Wales in 1869, where it ...
- Victoria
- city, seat (1836) of Victoria county, southern Texas, U.S. It lies along the Guadalupe River, some 85 miles (135 km) northeast of Corpus Christi. Founded in 1824 by Spanish settlers ...
- Victoria
- (from the article "Gozo") ...km) northwest of the nearest point of Malta. It is 9 mi long and 4 12 mi wide and has an area of 26 sq mi (67 sq km). Its ...
- Victoria
- densely populated urban area in Hong Kong, a special administrative region of China. It lies on the north shore of Hong Kong Island, across a strait from Kowloon on the ... [1 Related Articles]
- Victoria
- state of southeastern Australia, occupying a mountainous coastal region of the continent. Victoria is separated from New South Wales to the north by the Murray River for a length of ... [9 Related Articles]
- Victoria
- consort of the German emperor Frederick III and eldest child of Queen Victoria and Prince Albert of Great Britain. [1 Related Articles]
- Victoria and Albert Museum
- British museum that houses what is generally regarded as the world's greatest collection of the decorative arts. It is located in South Kensington, London, near the Science Museum and the ... [3 Related Articles]
- Victoria Basin
- (from the article "Cape Town") The opening of the Alfred Dock in 1870 led to renewed development along the shore. The breakwater was lengthened and piers were built in 1890-95, and the newly sheltered area ...
- Victoria College
- (from the article "Ryerson, Egerton") ...later, missionary to American Indians. He founded the first non-Anglican school to receive a royal charter in Canada, the Upper Canada Academy at Cobourg, Ontario, in 1836. The school was ...
- Victoria College
- (from the article "Alexandria") Prior to 1952, Alexandria had a large number of private schools supported by various national and religious communities. Perhaps the most notable among these was Victoria College, an elite British ...
- Victoria Cross
- the highest decoration for valour in the British armed forces, awarded for extreme bravery in the face of the enemy. It was instituted in 1856 by Queen Victoria at the ... [2 Related Articles]
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