| | - Vera, Lake
- (from the article "Paraguay") Paraguay has only two lakes of consequence. The largest, Lake Ypoa, about 40 miles (65 km) south of Asuncion, merges into Lake Vera; it is drained by channels of the ...
- Veracruz
- estado (state), east-central Mexico. Veracruz is bounded by the state of Tamaulipas to the north, by the Gulf of Mexico to the east, and by the states ... [6 Related Articles]
- Veracruz
- city and port on the Gulf of Mexico, Veracruz estado (state), east-central Mexico. [4 Related Articles]
- Veracruz Blues
- (from the article "Dandridge, Ray") ...the 1930s and '40s. The most productive period of his career, however, was spent in Mexico. The colour barrier in the United States and the lure of higher salaries in ...
- Veracruz incident
- (April 21-Nov. 14, 1914), the occupation of Veracruz, the chief port on the east coast of Mexico, by military forces of the United States during the civil wars of the ... [1 Related Articles]
- Veralden-radien
- (Sami: "Ruler of the World"), the deity believed by the Sami (Lapps) to be closest to the starry heaven. Because the deity is associated with mailmen stytto, the pillar supporting ... [1 Related Articles]
- Veran
- (from the article "Hindu Kush") ...[6,059 metres]). These peaks are surrounded by a host of lesser mountains. Glaciers are poorly developed, but the mountain passes-which include Putsigram (13,450 feet [5,000 metres]), Veran (15,400 feet [4,694 ...
- veranda
- in architecture, most frequently, an open-walled, roofed porch attached to the exterior of a domestic structure and usually surrounded by a railing. The word came into English through the Hindi ... [1 Related Articles]
- verapamil
- (from the article "Drugs and health care products") In the mid-1970s the calcium channel blockers, another type of antiarrhythmic drug, were introduced. Verapamil and diltiazem are important examples of this class of drugs. They reduce the influx of ...
- Verapaz
- (from the article "Central America") ...and Guatemala failed to bring better treatment to the Indians, he went to a province of northern Guatemala to pacify it without military force. His experiment in this province, which ...
- Verard, Antoine
- (from the article "typography") ...a reputation for careful and elegant work. Their volumes, sumptuous more often than not, were characterized by minute attention to almost extravagant detailing. Books of the hours, introduced by one ...
- Veratrum
- genus of poisonous herbs of the family Melanthiaceae. The genus includes about 25 to 30 perennial species, among them the American hellebore and the European hellebore (see hellebore) and the ... [1 Related Articles]
- Veraval
- city, south-central Gujarat state, west-central India. Veraval lies on the Arabian Sea coast of the Kathiawar Peninsula and is part of the Patan urban agglomeration. Its port principally handles timber ...
- verb
- (from the article "Indo-European languages") The Proto-Indo-European verb had three aspects: imperfective, perfective, and stative. Aspect refers to the nature of an action as described by the speaker-e.g., an event occurring once, an event recurring ...
- verb ending
- (from the article "Indo-European languages") ...auxiliaries 'shall' and 'will,' and -yeH1- alternating with -iH1- for the optative, corresponding roughly to English 'should' and 'would.' Verbs without one of these two suffixes were marked for mood ...
- verb phrase
- (from the article "linguistics") ...The notion of phrase structure may be dealt with independently of its incorporation in the larger system. In the following system of rules, S stands for Sentence, NP for Noun ...
- Verba, Sidney
- (from the article "political science") Perhaps the most important work of political culture was Gabriel Almond and Sidney Verba's The Civic Culture: Political Attitudes and Democracy in Five Nations (1963), which surveyed 1,000-person samples in ...
- verbal fallacy
- (from the article "logic") The other major grouping of fallacies concerns those apparently correct arguments whose plausibility depends on some ambiguity. For an argument to be valid it is required that the terms occurring ...
- verbal inspiration
- (from the article "fundamentalism, Christian") ...Theological Seminary argued for the verbal (word-for-word) inspiration of Scripture and affirmed that the Bible was not only infallible (correct when it spoke on matters of faith and morals) but ...
- verbal irony
- (from the article "irony") language device, either in spoken or written form in which the real meaning is concealed or contradicted by the literal meanings of the words (verbal irony) or in a situation ...
- Verbania
- commune, Piemonte (Piedmont) regione, northern Italy. Verbania is a summer resort on Lake Maggiore (ancient Verbanus Lacus). Formed in 1939 by the union of the towns of Pallanza and Intra, ...
- verbena
- (from the article "Madrid") ...are among the high points of the year. Important matches are played in two stadiums, Santiago Bernabeu (home of Real Madrid) and Vicente Calderon (Club Atletico). The verbenas, special fiestas ...
- Verbena
- genus of plants in the family Verbenaceae that contains several species of garden flowers. Verbena consists of some 200 to 250 species, almost all of them native to the tropical ...
- Verbenaceae
- family of plants, in the order Lamiales, a worldwide but mainly tropical grouping of 30 genera and some 1,100 species, some of which are important for their flowers. Members of ... [1 Related Articles]
- verbenarius
- (from the article "fetial") According to Book 1 of Livy's history of Rome, after Rome had been injured by another state, four fetials were sent out to seek redress. One member, the verbenarius, carried ...
- Verbiest, Ferdinand
- Dutch Jesuit missionary and astronomer who became an influential official in the Chinese government. [2 Related Articles]
- Verbindungen
- (from the article "duel") ...Mensur (student duel) is still a feature of German university life as a form of sporting event. Most German universities have long-established Verbindungen (fighting corps) with strict ...
- verbivocovisual expression
- (from the article "Campos, Haroldo de; and Campos, Augusto de") ...and Invencao. Concrete poetry attempts to move away from a purely verbal concept of verse toward what its proponents call "verbivocovisual expression," incorporating geometric and graphic elements ...
- Verbruggen, Hendrik Frans
- (from the article "Western sculpture") ...(1713) and the Treaty of Rastatt (1714) the territories passed to Austria. Eighteenth-century painting and sculpture became increasingly weak and provincial, though fantastic pulpits carved by Hendrik Frans Verbruggen, Michel ...
- Vercelli
- city, capital of Vercelli provincia, Piemonte (Piedmont) regione, northwestern Italy. It lies along the Sesia River, southwest of Novara. The chief city of the ...
- Vercelli Book
- Old English manuscript written in the late 10th century. It contains texts of the poem Andreas, two poems by Cynewulf, The Dream of the Rood, an "Address of the Saved ... [2 Related Articles]
- Vercingetorix
- chieftain of the Gallic tribe of the Arverni whose formidable rebellion against Roman rule was crushed by Julius Caesar. [3 Related Articles]
- Vercors
- French novelist and artist-engraver, who wrote Le Silence de la mer (1941; The Silence of the Sea), a patriotic tale of self-deception and of the triumph of passive resistance over ... [1 Related Articles]
- Vercors Plateau
- (from the article "cave") ...caves, and much sculptured limestone. In the Alps are massive folded and faulted limestones and dolomites that underlie alpine karst terrain from France to the Balkan Peninsula. In France the ...
- Verdala Palace
- (from the article "Rabat") ...including a partially restored villa housing a museum. Extensive early Christian catacombs are beneath the town, and there are several cave churches and medieval churches and monasteries. The nearby Verdala ...
- Verdandi
- (from the article "Norn") ...mythology, any of a group of supernatural beings who corresponded to the Greek Moirai; they were usually represented as three maidens who spun or wove the fate of men. Some ...
- Verde Grande
- (from the article "Sao Francisco River") ...and Petrolina. In this stretch the river receives its main left-bank tributaries-the Paracatu, Urucuia, Corrente, and Grande rivers-and its main right-bank tributaries-the Verde Grande, Paramirim, and Jacare.
- Verde River
- (from the article "Phoenix") ...complex of volcanic calderas that formed about 305 million years ago; the mountains reach to about 3,000 feet (900 metres) at their highest point. The Mazatzal Mountains rise to the ...
- Verde, Cesario
- poet who revived Portuguese poetry by introducing colloquial language and by exploring its capacity for expression. He dealt extensively with themes pertaining to the growth of urban life. [1 Related Articles]
- Verdelot, Philipe
- (from the article "madrigal") ...accordingly, the text was less syllabically declaimed. Both of these early styles are represented among the works of the first generation of 16th-century madrigal composers: Costanza Festa, Philippe Verdelot, Jacques ...
- Verdet, Ilie
- Romanian politician (b. May 10, 1925, Comanesti, Rom.-d. March 20, 2001, Bucharest, Rom.), as the brother-in-law of Romanian dictator Nicolae Ceausescu, held a variety of government posts, including first deputy ...
- Verdet, Marcel Emile
- (from the article "optics") ...coherent light. It was to answer the question How coherent is a beam of light? (or the equivalent one, How incoherent is a beam of light?) that the theory of ...
- Verdi, Giuseppe
- leading Italian composer of opera in the 19th century, noted for operas such as Rigoletto (1851), Il trovatore (1853), La traviata ... [7 Related Articles]
- verdict
- (from the article "jury") ...modifications occurred. Some jurisdictions prescribe or allow a jury of six in minor criminal cases. In civil cases the federal courts usually employ a six-person jury, and many jurisdictions allow ...
- Verdigris River
- river rising southwest of Emporia, Kan., U.S., and flowing south and southeast past Neodesha, Independence, and Coffeyville and into Oklahoma to join the Arkansas River 5 miles (8 km) northeast ... [1 Related Articles]
- verdin
- (from the article "verdin") North American songbird of the family Remizidae (q.v.).verdinVerdin (Auriparus flaviceps).Alan D. Wilson/Natures Pic's
- Verdon Canyon
- (from the article "Alps") ...and northwestern Italy to Lake Geneva and the Rhone valley in Switzerland. Their forms include the low-lying arid limestones of the Maritime Alps near the Mediterranean, the deep cleft of ...
- Verdon River
- river, southern France. It is famous for its gorges, including its "Grand Canyon," which may be seen from the scenic road that runs 12 miles (20 km) between Pont de ...
- Verdon, Gwyneth Evelyn
- American dancer and actress (b. Jan. 13, 1925, Culver City, Calif.-d. Oct. 18, 2000, Woodstock, Vt.), was the quintessential stage musical star, considered by many to have been the best ...
- Verdon, Pierre
- (from the article "food processor") The food processor was invented by Pierre Verdon, whose Le Magi-Mix, a compact household version of his own earlier restaurant-scaled Robot-Coupe, was first exhibited in Paris in 1971. Carl Sontheimer, ...
- Verdonk, Rita
- (from the article "Netherlands, The") Immigration and integration remained important topics of discussion. Rita Verdonk, the previous minister of immigration, made an unsuccessful bid for the leadership of the People's Party for Freedom and Democracy ...
- Verdugo, Patricia
- Chilean writer and journalist spent her entire career uncovering corruption and the political machinations and human rights abuses of the regime of Gen. Augusto Pinochet, who came to power in ...
- Verdun
- town, Meuse departement, Lorraine region, northeastern France, on the Meuse River. Most of the town is on the left bank, near the Citadel. Practically ... [3 Related Articles]
- Verdun, Battle of
- (Feb. 21-July, 1916), one of the most devastating engagements of World War I, in which the French repulsed a major German offensive. [6 Related Articles]
- Verdun, Treaty of
- (August 843), treaty partitioning the Carolingian empire among the three surviving sons of the emperor Louis I the Pious. The treaty was the first stage in the dissolution of the ... [8 Related Articles]
- verdure tapestry
- type of tapestry decorated with a design based on plant forms. It is not known exactly when the first verdure tapestries were made, but, by the 16th century, tapestries with ... [2 Related Articles]
- Verdy, Violette
- French ballerina and dance director, who was awarded the French Order of Arts and Letters in 1973 and the Dance Magazine Award in 1968.
- Vere Family
- noted English family that held the hereditary office of lord great chamberlain from 1133 to 1779 and the earldom of Oxford from 1142 to 1703.
- Vere, Sir Francis de
- (from the article "Vere Family") ...Lancastrian leader in the Wars of the Roses and crowned King Henry VII in 1485. Two of the grandsons of John, the 15th earl, were notable soldiers who were known ...
- Vere, Sir Horace de
- (from the article "Vere Family") ...Veres"; Sir Francis (1560-1609) commanded the English troops in the Netherlands that fought against Spain in the service of the United Provinces, while his younger brother Sir Horace (1565-1635) fought ...
- Vereeniging
- town, Gauteng province, South Africa. It lies along the Vaal River, south of Johannesburg, at the Free State border. Its name, which is an Afrikaans word meaning "association," refers to ...
- Vereeniging, Peace of
- (May 31, 1902), treaty that ended the South African War (q.v.), or Boer War; it was signed in Pretoria, after initial Boer approval in Vereeniging, between representatives of the British ... [6 Related Articles]
- Verel
- (from the article "modacrylic") ...It is a modified form of the acrylic group, fibres composed of a minimum of 85 percent acrylonitrile. Modacrylic fibres include trademarked Dynel (acrylonitrile and polyvinyl chloride) and Verel (acrylonitrile ...
- Verelius, Olof
- (from the article "Swedish literature") At Uppsala, meanwhile, the scholar Petrus Lagerlof attempted to impose purer Classical standards on native literature, and Olof Verelius edited and translated Icelandic sagas. It was Olof Rudbeck, however, who ...
- Vereshchagin, Vasily Vasilyevich
- Russian painter noted for his war scenes.
- Verethraghna
- in Zoroastrianism, the spirit of victory. Together with Mithra, the god of truth, Verethraghna shares martial characteristics that relate him to the Vedic war-god Indra. In Zoroastrian texts, Verethraghna appears ... [2 Related Articles]
- Verey, Rosemary Isabel Baird Sandilands
- British garden designer and writer (b. Dec. 21, 1918, Chatham, Kent, Eng.-d. May 31, 2001, London, Eng.), inspired horticulturists and amateur gardeners alike through her books and the award-winning 1.6-ha ...
- Verfugungstruppe
- (from the article "SS") ...Waffen-SS was made up of three subgroups: the Leibstandarte, Hitler's personal bodyguard; the Totenkopfverbande (Death's-Head Battalions), which administered the concentration camps; and the Verfugungstruppen (Disposition Troops), which swelled to 39 ...
- Verga, Giovanni
- novelist, short-story writer, and playwright, most important of the Italian verismo (Realist) school of novelists (see verismo). His reputation was slow to develop, but modern critics have assessed him as ... [5 Related Articles]
- Vergara, Convention of
- (from the article "Carlos Maria Isidro de Borbon, conde de Molina") ...Zumalacarregui's death in 1835 and the Carlists' failure to take Bilbao, the initiative passed increasingly to the liberals. When, in August 1839, the Carlist general Rafael Maroto signed the Convention ...
- verge escapement
- (from the article "clock") ...clock was the escapement, the system that mediated the transfer of the energy of the gravitational force acting on the weights to the clock's counting mechanism. The most common escapement ...
- Verge, Roger
- (from the article "nouvelle cuisine") ...coined by the French food critics Christian Millau and Henri Gault to describe the styles created by a group of French chefs, notably Paul Bocuse, Jean and Pierre Troisgros, Michel ...
- Vergecius, Angelus
- (from the article "calligraphy") ...their types. But perhaps the most enduring was that of a group of Cretan scribes who were employed by the French king Francis I in his library at Fontainebleau. The ...
- Vergennes, Charles Gravier, comte de
- French foreign minister who fashioned the alliance with the North American colonists that helped them throw off British rule in the American Revolution; at the same time, he worked, with ... [1 Related Articles]
- Verger, Treaty of Le
- (from the article "Francis II") ...of Beaujeu, regent of France, had Landais hanged (1485). When Anne sent French troops into Brittany, however, the nobles rallied to the Duke's side. Defeated in 1488, Francis was forced ...
- Vergerio, Pietro Paolo
- Italian educator whose treatises on humanistic education greatly influenced educational methods and curriculum in Renaissance Italy. [2 Related Articles]
- Vergerio, Pietro Paulo
- Italian reformer and most famous of "Old Catholic" bishops in the 16th century who accepted the principles of the Reformation while retaining a historic Roman Catholic episcopate and not withdrawing ... [1 Related Articles]
- Verghina
- archaeological site and ancient capital of Macedonia in Imathia nomos (department), northern Greece. It is situated on a plateau 47 miles (75 km) southwest of Thessaloniki, at the eastern foot ... [3 Related Articles]
- Vergil, Polydore
- Italian-born Humanist who wrote an English history that became required reading in schools and influenced the 16th-century English chroniclers Edward Hall and Raphael Holinshed and, through them, Shakespeare. [1 Related Articles]
- Verginius Rufus, Lucius
- Roman provincial governor and distinguished official, known for his repeated refusal of the imperial throne. [1 Related Articles]
- Vergne, Philippe
- (from the article "Art and Art Exhibitions") ...on Pretty, Long on Collaboration," summed up the tenor of the 2006 Whitney Biennial exhibition-a show with a myriad of smaller shows under its umbrella. European-born cocurators Philippe Vergne and ...
- Vergniaud, Pierre-Victurnien
- eloquent spokesman for the moderate Girondin faction during the French Revolution.
- Verhaegen, Theodor
- (from the article "Western sculpture") ...territories passed to Austria. Eighteenth-century painting and sculpture became increasingly weak and provincial, though fantastic pulpits carved by Hendrik Frans Verbruggen, Michel Vervoort, and Theodor Verhaegen provide a remarkable parallel ...
- Verhaeren, Emile
- foremost among the Belgian poets who wrote in French. The vigour of his work and the breadth of his vision have been compared to those of Victor Hugo and Walt ... [4 Related Articles]
- Verhoeff, Pieter
- (from the article "Coen, Jan Pieterszoon") Coen was raised in a strict Calvinist atmosphere. He received his merchant's training from a Flemish company in Rome, and in 1607 he sailed to Indonesia with the fleet of ...
- Verhoeven, Willem
- (from the article "Belgian literature") Before the end of the 18th century, however, Willem Verhoeven and Jan Baptist Verlooy had started a reaction against this French influence. Like contemporary historical and scientific writers they reverted ...
- Verhofstadt, Guy
- (from the article "Belgium") Area: 30,528 sq km (11,787 sq mi) | Population (2007 est.): 10,597,000 | Capital: Brussels | Chief of state: King Albert II | Head of government: Prime Minister Guy Verhofstadt ...
- Verhulst, Rombout
- (from the article "Western sculpture") ...individual style, particularly in his decorations for the Town Hall in Amsterdam, and the tendency toward a painterly style is more pronounced in the work of his son Artus Quellinus ...
- Verica
- (from the article "United Kingdom") ...Roman aid in their resistance to Catuvellaunian expansion. The decision of the emperor Claudius to conquer the island was the result partly of his personal ambition, partly of British aggression. ...
- veridical perception
- (from the article "space perception") ...unless the environmental information reaching them through the various sense organs offered a perception of space that corresponds to their physical "reality." Such perception is called veridical perception-the direct perception ...
- verifiability principle
- a philosophical doctrine fundamental to the school of Logical Positivism holding that a statement is meaningful only if it is either empirically verifiable or else tautological (i.e., such that its ... [9 Related Articles]
- Verigin, Peter
- (from the article "Dukhobor") ...The Canadian government granted them land on easy terms in Saskatchewan and exemption from conscription. Some settled well, but one group started a series of nudist protest pilgrimages, prompting Peter ...
- VeriSign
- (from the article "Computers and Information Systems") A resolution was reached in a long-running dispute between the Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers (ICANN), an Internet oversight group, and VeriSign, the company whose computers controlled much ...
- verisimilitude
- the semblance of reality in dramatic or nondramatic fiction. The concept implies that either the action represented must be acceptable or convincing according to the audience's own experience or knowledge ...
- verismo
- (Italian: "realism"), literary realism as it developed in Italy in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. Its primary exponents were the Sicilian novelists Luigi Capuana and Giovanni Verga. The ... [5 Related Articles]
- verismo
- a style of Italian opera writing that flourished in the last decade of the 19th century. [2 Related Articles]
- Verissimo, Erico Lopes
- novelist, literary historian, and critic whose writings in Portuguese and in English on Brazilian literature introduced readers throughout the world both to the literary currents of modern Brazil and to ... [1 Related Articles]
- Verity, George Matthew
- (from the article "Armco Inc.") The company was founded by a group of investors led by George Matthew Verity (1865-1942), the company's president until 1930 and thereafter chairman of the board. The company's first steel ...
- Verizon Communications
- (from the article "Computers and Information Systems") ...per second, about a 25-fold speed increase, but the company said that the technology might not be ready to sell for two more years. Meanwhile, a relatively small number of ...
- Verkhny Zub, Mount
- (from the article "Khakassia") ...rise the Western (Zapadny) Sayan mountains, reaching 9,613 feet (2,930 m) in Mount Karagosh, and to the west and northwest are the Abakan and Kuznetsk Alatau mountains, with their highest ...
- Verkhoyansk
- town, Sakha (Yakutiya), far northeastern Russia, on the Yana River near its confluence with the Sartang. Founded as a fort in 1638 and today a minor centre of tin and ... [1 Related Articles]
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