| | - venison
- (from Latin venatus, "to hunt"), the meat from any kind of deer; originally, the term referred to any kind of edible game. [1 Related Articles]
- Venizelos, Eleutherios
- prime minister of Greece (1910-15, 1917-20, 1924, 1928-32, 1933), the most prominent Greek politician and statesman of the early 20th century. Under his leadership Greece doubled in area and population ... [12 Related Articles]
- Venizelos, Evangelos
- (from the article "Greece") PASOK's defeat in the elections led to an immediate challenge of party leader Georgios Papandreou by former culture minister Evangelos Venizelos. PASOK's Political Council set a leadership vote for November ...
- Venkata II
- (from the article "India") Shriranga died childless and was succeeded by his younger brother Venkata II (reigned 1585-1614), whose ability and constant activity, combined with a relative dearth of interference by the Muslim sultanates, ...
- Venkata III
- (from the article "India") ...warfare and the constant struggle to maintain a much-truncated kingdom along the eastern coast. Although some chieftains continued to recognize his nominal suzerainty and that of his successor, Venkata III ...
- Venkataraman, Ramaswamy
- Indian politician, government official, and lawyer who was president of India from 1987 to 1992. [1 Related Articles]
- venlafaxine
- (from the article "drug") Other antidepressants inhibit reuptake of serotonin and norepinephrine in variable amounts. For example, venlafaxine is a nonselective inhibitor of the uptake of serotonin, norepinephrine, and dopamine. Nefazodone inhibits serotonin and ...
- Venlo
- gemeente (municipality), southeastern Netherlands. It lies along the Maas (Meuse) River, near the German border. Chartered in 1343, it joined the Hanseatic League in 1364 and was a medieval fortress ...
- Venn diagram
- (from the article "logic, history of") ...by the Swiss mathematician Leonhard Euler in his Lettres a une princesse d'Allemagne (1768-74; "Letters to a German Princess"). These techniques and the related Venn diagrams have been especially popular ...
- Venn, John
- (from the article "logic, history of") ...logic was published in the best philosophical journals from 1870 until 1910. This includes work by William Stanley Jevons, whose intensional logic is unusual in the English-language tradition; John Venn, ...
- Vennberg, Karl
- poet and critic who was the critical-analytical leader in Swedish poetry of the 1940s. [2 Related Articles]
- Venner, Thomas
- (from the article "Fifth Monarchy Men") ...The violence of their agitation led to the arrest of their leaders-Thomas Harrison, Robert Overton, Christopher Feake, John Rogers, and others. An attempt at an armed uprising, led by Thomas ...
- venom
- the poisonous secretion of an animal, produced by specialized glands that are often associated with spines, teeth, stings, or other piercing devices. The venom apparatus may be primarily for killing ... [11 Related Articles]
- venom gland
- (from the article "integument") Fishes have a more or less smooth, flexible skin dotted with various kinds of glands, both unicellular and multicellular. Mucus-secreting glands are especially abundant. Poison glands, which occur in the ...
- venomous lizard
- (from the article "lizard") ...(Dracaena), have blunt, rounded teeth in the back of the jaw designed for crushing. Some herbivorous species (such as iguanas) have leaf-shaped tooth crowns with serrated cutting edges. The venomous ...
- venomous toadfish
- (from the article "toadfish") They are divided into three groups: true toadfishes, such as the oyster toadfish (Opsanus tau), a common resident of shallow coastal waters along eastern North America; venomous toadfishes (Thalassophryne and ...
- Venosa
- town and episcopal see, Basilicata regione, southern Italy. It is situated on the lower slope of Mount Vulcano, north of Potenza. Originally a settlement of the Lucanians (an ancient Italic ...
- venospasm
- (from the article "cardiovascular disease") Direct mechanical injury or an infection or other disease process in the neighbouring tissues may produce spasms in the veins (venospasms). Local venospasm is usually of relatively minor significance because ...
- venous pulmonary system
- (from the article "human cardiovascular system") From the pulmonary capillaries, in which blood takes on oxygen and gives up carbon dioxide, the oxygenated blood in veins is collected first into venules and then into progressively larger ...
- venous sinus
- in human anatomy, any of the channels of a branching complex sinus network that lies between layers of the dura mater, the outermost covering of the brain, and functions to ... [1 Related Articles]
- Venstre
- (from the article "Norway") ...introduction of the vernacular as the official language, instead of the bureaucrats' Danish-influenced tongue, became an important item of the coalition's policy. The coalition was organized as the Venstre (Left) ...
- Vent, Iles du
- eastern group of islands within the Society Islands, French Polynesia, in the central South Pacific Ocean. The group is composed of volcanic islands surrounded by coral reefs. The large islands ...
- Ventas, Las
- (from the article "Madrid") Modern Madrid has attractions at all levels. Las Ventas-the largest bullring in Spain, with a capacity of some 25,000 people-is where novice bullfighters have to display their skills in the ...
- Ventastega curonica
- (from the article "tetrapod") ...of one group with those of another, it is unclear whether the comparison is between the same elements or ones that appear the same but arose from different ancestral structures. ...
- Venter, J. Craig
- American geneticist, biochemist, and businessman who pioneered new techniques in genetics and genomics research and headed the private-sector enterprise, Celera Genomics, in the Human Genome Project (HGP). [2 Related Articles]
- Ventidius, Publius
- Roman general and politician who rose from captivity to military fame, a change of fortune frequently cited by ancient authors. [1 Related Articles]
- ventifact
- stone that has received one or more highly polished, flattened facets as a result of erosion by windblown sand. The facets are cut in sequence and correlate with the dominant ...
- ventilating
- the natural or mechanically induced movement of fresh air into or through an enclosed space. The supply of air to an enclosed space involves the removal of a corresponding volume ... [9 Related Articles]
- ventilation
- (from the article "respiration") ...called cilia. In the few forms studied, the extraction of oxygen from the water has been found to be low, on the order of 2 to 10 percent. The currents ...
- ventilation volume
- (from the article "respiration") The quantity of air or water passing through the lungs or gills each minute is known as the ventilation volume. The rate or depth of respiration may be altered to ...
- ventilator
- (from the article "barotrauma") ...submerged submarine rapidly surfaces without exhaling during the ascent, sudden expansion of air trapped within the thorax can burst one or both lungs. Another form of barotrauma may occur during ...
- Ventimiglia
- town, Liguria regione, northwestern Italy. It is situated at the mouth of the Roia River near the French border, just northeast of Nice, France. To the east of the modern ...
- Ventimiglia family
- (from the article "Italy") ...III (1337), however, substantial concessions of royal lands to a grasping baronial class increasingly divided the island. Of particular importance in this group were the three great families of the ...
- Ventnor
- town (parish), Isle of Wight, historic county of Hampshire, England. The town lies along the southeastern coast of the Isle of Wight. From a small fishing hamlet it grew in ...
- Ventose Decrees
- during the French Revolution, laws providing for the confiscation of the property of enemies of the revolution and its distribution to needy patriots. The Ventose Decrees are sometimes considered to ... [1 Related Articles]
- ventral aorta
- (from the article "circulation") ...the dorsal vessels. A large sac, the sinus venosus, is situated below the posterior of the pharynx and collects blood from all parts of the body. The blood passes forward ...
- ventral cochlear nucleus
- (from the article "ear, human") ...the cochlear nerve terminate when they reach a collection of nerve cells called the cochlear nucleus. The cochlear nucleus consists of several distinct cell types and is divided into the ...
- ventral horn
- (from the article "nervous system, human") ...of horns throughout most of the spinal cord: (1) the dorsal horns, composed of sensory neurons, (2) the lateral horns, well defined in thoracic segments and composed of visceral neurons, ...
- ventral nerve cord
- (from the article "nervous system") The ventral nerve cord, connected to the brain by the circumesophageal connectives, is composed of a double row of ganglia connected longitudinally by connectives and transversely by commissures. Different groups ...
- ventral ramus
- (from the article "nervous system, human") Ventral rami of the spinal nerves carry sensory and motor fibres for the innervation of the muscles, joints, and skin of the lateral and ventral body walls and the extremities. ...
- ventral root
- (from the article "ganglion") ...cell bodies of afferent nerve fibres (those carrying impulses toward the central nervous system); efferent neurons (carrying motor impulses away from the central nervous system) are present in the ventral ...
- ventral symphysis
- (from the article "skeleton") ...pelvic girdle of some reptiles has a loose connection with the spine. In most reptiles the ilium is joined to two sacral vertebrae. Both the pubic and the ischial parts ...
- Ventria Bioscience
- (from the article "Life Sciences") ...modified (GM) plants that incorporated human genes began to be grown commercially for the first time. The plants, strains of rice modified to express human protein in their seeds, were ...
- ventricle
- (from the article "nervous system, human") Deep within the white matter of the cerebral hemispheres are cavities filled with cerebrospinal fluid that form the ventricular system. These cavities include a pair of C-shaped lateral ventricles with ...
- ventricle
- muscular chamber that pumps blood out of the heart and into the circulatory system. Ventricles occur among some invertebrates. Among vertebrates, fishes and amphibians generally have a single ventricle, while ... [12 Related Articles]
- ventricle of Morgagni
- (from the article "speech") ...by a continuous mucous membrane, which closely follows the outlines of all structures. Immediately above and slightly lateral to the vocal cords, the membrane expands into lateral excavations, one ventricle ...
- ventricular arrhythmia
- (from the article "cardiovascular disease") Ventricular arrhythmias represent the major mechanism of cardiac sudden death, which is the leading cause of death in the United States, where each year more than 325,000 people die suddenly. ...
- ventricular assist device
- (from the article "artificial heart") Mechanical hearts, which include total artificial hearts and ventricular assist devices (VADs), are machines that are capable of replacing or assisting the pumping action of the heart for prolonged periods ...
- ventricular dilation
- (from the article "cardiovascular disease") ...left ventricular enlargement, which can increase the volume of blood that is ejected from the ventricle, temporarily improving cardiac output. This increase in size of the ventricular cavity (called ventricular ...
- ventricular dysphonia
- (from the article "speech") ...with a mirror. The false cords close tightly during each sphincter action for swallowing; when this primitive mechanism is used for phonation, it causes the severe hoarseness of false-cord voice ...
- ventricular enlargement
- (from the article "cardiovascular disease") ...of compensatory reactions are initiated that may temporarily provide a return to sufficient ventricular function. One mechanism of compensation associated with left ventricular failure is left ventricular enlargement, which can ...
- ventricular fibrillation
- a type of arrhythmia (abnormal heart rhythm) characterized by the irregular and uncoordinated contraction of the muscle fibres of the ventricles, the lower chambers of the heart. Since ventricular fibrillation ... [4 Related Articles]
- ventricular fold
- (from the article "vocal cord") The ventricular folds, located just above the vocal cords, are sometimes termed false vocal cords because they are not involved in voice production. role inrespiratory system
- ventricular hypertrophy
- (from the article "cardiovascular disease") ...ventricular volume, however, results in an increase in internal load. Over time the ventricle responds by increasing the size of individual muscle cells and thickening the ventricular wall (ventricular hypertrophy). ...
- ventricular septal defect
- opening in the partition between the two ventricles, or lower chambers, of the heart. Such defects are congenital and may be accompanied by other congenital defects of the heart, most ... [2 Related Articles]
- ventricular tachycardia
- (from the article "cardiovascular disease") ...into an arrhythmia. Reentry mechanisms are important components of ventricular arrhythmias and may be as simple as a premature ventricular beat coupled to a normal beat or as serious as ...
- ventriloquism
- the art of "throwing" the voice, i.e., speaking in such a manner that the sound seems to come from a distance or from a source other than the speaker. At ... [2 Related Articles]
- ventriloquist's dummy
- (from the article "puppetry") Somewhat similar figures, though artistically altogether inferior, are the dummies used by ventriloquists; ventriloquism, as such, has no relation to puppetry, but the ventriloquists' figures, with their ingenious facial movements, ...
- Ventris, Michael
- English architect and cryptographer who in 1952 deciphered the Minoan Linear B script and showed it to be Greek in its oldest known form, dating from about 1400 to 1200 ... [3 Related Articles]
- ventrobasal complex
- (from the article "nervous system, human") ...response to noxious input. In fact, it may be said that pain reaches consciousness in the thalamus. The thalamus receives noxious input from the spinal cord in two regions, a ...
- ventromedial hypothalamus
- (from the article "motivation") ...sexual behaviours reduced by anterior hypothalamic damage, it has been suggested that this region contains receptors sensitive to changes in the levels of circulating sex hormones. Damage to the ventromedial ...
- Ventspils
- city and port, western Latvia. It lies at the mouth of the Venta River on the Baltic Sea coast. A settlement existed there in the 2nd millennium BC, and by ...
- Ventuari River
- (from the article "Orinoco River") After its bifurcation in the Casiquiare, the Orinoco bends to the northwest and flows in great meandering curves to its confluence with the Ventuari River. There the river turns to ...
- Ventuosa Compagnia dei Musici
- (from the article "Palestrina, Giovanni Pierluigi da") ...last 12 years of his life, including volumes of motets (choral compositions based on sacred texts), masses, and madrigals. He also helped to found an association of professional musicians called ...
- Ventura
- city, seat (1873) of Ventura county, southern California, U.S. It lies on the Pacific coast overlooking the Santa Barbara Channel. It is the site of the San Buenaventura Mission, the ...
- Ventura, Jesse
- Ready to rumble through 1999 was Jesse ("The Body") Ventura, the former professional wrestler who pulled off a stunning political upset in the November 1998 elections to become governor of ...
- venture capital
- (from the article "Silicon Valley") ...By 1972 the U.S. military accounted for only 12 percent of semiconductor sales, compared with more than 50 percent during the early 1960s. With the growth in consumer applications, by ...
- Ventures, the
- American musical group that gained fame with its instrumental interpretations of pop hits and that served as a prototype for guitar-based rock groups. The principal members were rhythm guitarist Don ... [1 Related Articles]
- Venturi effect
- (from the article "Bernoulli's theorem") ...area, for example, the fluid speeds up in constricted areas so that the pressure the fluid exerts is least where the cross section is smallest. This phenomenon is sometimes called ...
- venturi tube
- short pipe with a constricted inner surface, used to measure fluid flows and as a pump. The 18th-19th-century Italian physicist Giovanni Battista Venturi, observing the effects of constricted channels on ... [5 Related Articles]
- Venturi, Giovanni Battista
- (from the article "Bernoulli's theorem") ...up in constricted areas so that the pressure the fluid exerts is least where the cross section is smallest. This phenomenon is sometimes called the Venturi effect, after the Italian ...
- Venturi, Lionello
- (from the article "art criticism") ...less general than philosophical theorizing about art, however informed by theoretical generalizations it may be. In his seminal book History of Art Criticism (1936), Lionello Venturi asks: ...
- Venturi, Robert
- American architect who proposed alternatives to the functionalist mainstream of 20th-century American architectural design. He became the unofficial dean of the eclectic movement known as postmodernism. [1 Related Articles]
- Venturia inequalis
- (from the article "Ascomycota") ...include such important plant pathogens as powdery mildew of grape (Uncinula necator), Dutch elm disease (Ophiostoma ulmi), and the chestnut blight (Endothia parasitica). Venturia inequalis, the cause of apple scab. ...
- venu
- (from the article "South Asian arts") ...and one or more drone instruments. The most commonly heard main melody instruments are the vina, a long-necked, fretted, plucked lute with seven strings; the venu, a side-blown bamboo flute; ...
- venue
- in law, locality in which a criminal offense or civil litigation is to be conducted. The concept of venue involves important issues of public policy in the adjudication of crimes. [1 Related Articles]
- Venugopal Wild Life Park
- (from the article "Mysore") Somnathpur, to the east, has a temple built (1268) under the Hoysala dynasty. Bandipur Sanctuary, part of the Venugopal Wild Life Park (1941), is usually approached from Mysore; it is ...
- venule
- (from the article "human cardiovascular system") ...that they receive and distribute. From the capillaries, the blood, now depleted of oxygen and burdened with waste products, moving more slowly and under low pressure, enters small vessels called ...
- Venus
- ancient Italian goddess associated with cultivated fields and gardens and later identified by the Romans with the Greek goddess of love, Aphrodite. [5 Related Articles]
- Venus
- second planet from the Sun and sixth in the solar system in size and mass. No planet approaches closer to Earth than Venus; at its nearest it is the closest ... [26 Related Articles]
- Venus and Adonis stanza
- a stanza consisting of an iambic pentameter quatrain and couplet with the rhyme scheme ababcc. The stanza was so called because it was used by William Shakespeare in his poem ...
- venus clam
- (from the article "clam") ...quahog (Mercenaria mercenaria), also known as the cherrystone clam, littleneck clam, or hard-shell clam, and the southern quahog (M. campechiensis) belong to the family of venus clams (Veneridae). M. mercenaria ...
- Venus comb
- (from the article "Venus comb") marine snail, a species of murex (q.v.).
species of Murexmurex...becomes a purple dye. The dye murex (Murex brandari
- Venus de Milo
- ancient statue of Aphrodite, now in Paris at the Louvre Museum. Carved by a sculptor of Antioch on the Maeander River in about 150 BC, it was found on the ... [2 Related Articles]
- Venus Express
- (from the article "Physical Sciences") ...make its first Mercury flyby on Jan. 14, 2008. Two more flybys were to follow as part of a gradual reshaping of the probe's solar orbit until insertion into Mercury ...
- Venus figurine
- (from the article "amulet") Neanderthals and other prehistoric peoples used natural amulets in burials, and so-called Venus figurines dating to about 25,000 BC may be among the earliest of man-made amulets. The MacGregor papyrus ...
- Venus's flower basket
- any of several sponges of the genus Euplectella, especially E. aspergillum (class Hexactinellida, glass sponges). The name Venus's flower basket derives from the sponges' delicate, white, latticelike skeletons made of ... [2 Related Articles]
- Venus's girdle
- (Cestum veneris) ribbon-shaped comb jelly of the order Cestida (phylum Ctenophora) found in the Mediterranean Sea. Its graceful, transparent body, which is a delicate violet in colour, ... [1 Related Articles]
- Venus's looking glass
- (Legousia, or Specularia, speculum-veneris), species of annual herb of the bellflower family (Campanulaceae), native to sandy, sunny parts of the Mediterranean region. It is grown as a garden ornamental for ...
- Venus's-flytrap
- (species Dionaea muscipula), flowering perennial plant of the sundew family (Droseraceae), notable for its unusual habit of catching and digesting insects and other small animals. The only member of its ... [3 Related Articles]
- Venus's-hairstone
- (from the article "Venus's-hairstone") variety of quartz interspersed with fine crystals of the mineral rutile (q.v.).PHOTOGRAPHQuartz varieties. (From top) Amethyst geode from Nova Scotia, Canada; smoky quartz from St. &elipsis;(Amethyst geode) ...
- Venus, Temple of
- (from the article "Baiae") ...(about 71 feet [21.5 metres] in diameter) dates from the late Republic. Reminiscent in its present condition of the Pantheon, it was the swimming pool of a large bath. The ...
- venustas
- (from the article "architecture") This Latin term for "beauty" (literally, the salient qualities possessed by the goddess Venus) clearly implied a visual quality in architecture that would arouse the emotion of love; but it ...
- Venuti, Joe
- (from the article "Lang, Eddie") Lang began playing violin in boyhood; his father, who made fretted stringed instruments, taught him to play guitar. In the early 1920s he played with former schoolmate Joe Venuti in ...
- Venutius
- (from the article "Cartimandua") ...who had fled to Brigantium to rally support for his cause, and turned him over to the Romans. In so doing she assured continuation of Roman support. From 52 to ...
- Venyukovia
- genus of extinct mammallike reptiles (therapsids) that are found as fossils in Permian deposits in eastern Europe (the Permian Period began 299,000,000 years ago and lasted 48,000,000 years). Venyukovia was ...
- Vep
- (from the article "Russia") ...section: the Mordvin, Mari (formerly Cheremis), Udmurt (Votyak) and Komi (Zyryan), and the closely related Komi-Permyaks live around the upper Volga and in the Urals, while Karelians, Finns, and Veps ...
- Veps language
- (from the article "Uralic languages") The five less-numerous Baltic-Finnic groups-Karelian, Veps, Ingrian, Votic, and Livonian-lie within Russia and the Baltic nations, largely in the general vicinity of the Gulf of Finland. The Karelians, Veps, and ...
- Ver, Fabian C.
- (from the article "Aquino, Benigno Simeon, Jr.") ...demonstrations charging government complicity in the act. An independent commission concluded in October 1984 that a military conspiracy led by the Philippine armed forces chief of staff, General Fabian C. ...
- Vera
- (VERA NEUMANN), U.S. artist and designer (b. July 24, 1910, Stamford, Conn.--d. June 15, 1993, North Tarrytown, N.Y.), created brightly coloured scarves, bedroom and kitchen linens, and draperies and sportswear ...
- Vera Cruz, Tome
- (from the article "Sao Tome and Principe") Area: 1,001 sq km (386 sq mi) | Population (2007 est.): 158,000 | Capital: Sao Tome | Chief of state: President Fradique de Menezes | Head of government: Prime Minister ...
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