| | - unsaturation
- (from the article "chromophore") ...aromatic azo and nitro compounds often are highly coloured and that the colours are diminished or destroyed when the compounds are hydrogenated. The ability of a compound to take up ...
- Unseld, Siegfried
- German publisher (b. Sept. 28, 1924, Ulm, Ger.-d. Oct. 26, 2002, Frankfurt, Ger.), headed the literary giant Suhrkamp Verlag. Unseld was a Nazi Youth leader and served in the navy ...
- Unser, Al
- American automobile-racing driver from a prestigious family of drivers, who won the Indianapolis 500 four times (1970-71, 1978, 1987).
- Unser, Bobby
- American automobile-racing driver from a family of drivers, who won the Indianapolis 500 three times (1968, 1975, 1981).
- Unsoeld, William F.
- (from the article "Everest, Mount") ...Ridge route. On May 1 James W. Whittaker and the Sherpa Nawang Gombu, nephew of Tenzing Norgay, reached the summit despite high winds. On May 22 four other Americans reached ...
- unsought good
- (from the article "marketing") Finally, an unsought good is one that a consumer does not know about-or knows about but does not normally think of buying. New products, such as new frozen-food concepts or ...
- unstructured data
- (from the article "information processing") ...of digital information storage, it is useful to distinguish between "structured" data, such as inventories of objects that can be represented by short symbol strings and numbers, and "unstructured" data, ...
- Unsworth, Barry
- (from the article "English literature") ...urge to look back-at starting points, previous eras, fictional prototypes-was widely evident. The historical novel enjoyed an exceptional heyday. One of its outstanding practitioners was Barry Unsworth, the settings of ...
- Unsworth, Geoffrey
- (from the article "1972: Other Winners") Original Screenplay: Jeremy Larner for The CandidateAdapted Screenplay: Mario Puzo and Francis Ford Coppola for The GodfatherCinematography: Geoffrey Unsworth for CabaretArt Direction: Jurgen Kiebach and Rolf Zehetbauer for CabaretOriginal Dramatic ...
- Untash-Gal
- (from the article "Iran, ancient") ...1266 BC), the fourth king of this line, proceeded apace, and his successes were commemorated by his assumption of the title "Expander of the Empire." He was succeeded by his ...
- Unter den Linden
- avenue in Berlin, Germany, running eastward from the Brandenburg Gate for nearly a mile. The street is named for the linden (lime) trees that formerly grew along the central promenade ... [1 Related Articles]
- Unterelbe River
- (from the article "Hamburg") ...the southeast of the old city, the Elbe divides itself into two branches, the Norderelbe and the Suderelbe; but these branches meet again opposite Altona, just west of the old ...
- Unterland
- (from the article "Reuss") ...chief towns, was bounded east by the kingdom of Saxony, south by Bavaria, west by Saxe-Meiningen and part of Schwarzburg-Rudolstadt, and northwest by an exclave of Prussian Saxony. The other ...
- Unterlinden, Musee d'
- (from the article "Colmar") Colmar's many fountains, ancient churches, and Alsatian Renaissance houses have made Colmar a centre of tourism. The Musee d'Unterlinden, formerly a convent, houses the 16th-century Isenheim Altarpiece, the master work ...
- Untermarkt
- (from the article "Freiberg") The Altstadt (Old City) has three separate parts: the oldest, the Civitas Saxonum, a maze of alleys around the Nikolai (St. Nicholas) church; the Untermarkt (Lower Market), a merchant district ...
- Untermeyer, Louis
- American poet, essayist, and editor who is best known for his numerous poetry anthologies.
- Unterwalden
- former canton, central Switzerland; it occupied the basins of the Sarner Aa (river) and the Engelberger Aa. The former canton is divided (east and west) into two sovereign half cantons-Nidwalden ... [3 Related Articles]
- Untouchability Offenses Act
- (from the article "untouchable") ...the constitution provides these groups with specific educational and vocational privileges and grants them special representation in the Indian parliament. In support of these efforts, the Untouchability (Offenses) Act (1955) ...
- untouchable
- in traditional Indian society, any member of a wide range of low-caste Hindu groups and any person outside the caste system. The use of the term and the social disabilities ... [15 Related Articles]
- Untouchables
- (from the article "Ness, Eliot") American crime fighter, head of a nine-man team of law officers called the "Untouchables," who opposed Al Capone's underworld network in Chicago.
- ununpentium
- (from the article "Physical Sciences") ...in the United States and Russia announced the synthesis of two new superheavy elements, elements 113 and 115. Their interim names pending the confirmation of their discovery were ununtrium (113) ...
- Unwin, Morley
- (from the article "Cowper, William") Religion, however, also provided the comfort of Cowper's convalescence, which he spent at Huntingdon, lodging with the Reverend Morley Unwin, his wife Mary, and their small family. Pious Calvinists, the ...
- Unzen, Mount
- volcano on central Shimabara Peninsula, western Kyushu, Japan. Mount Unzen is actually a group of composite volcanoes, the highest of which is Mount Fugen, at 4,462 feet (1,360 m). Mount ... [1 Related Articles]
- UP Movietone News
- (from the article "United Press International") ...World War I. Throughout its history United Press stressed human-interest and feature news, and it developed the subsidiary United Features syndicate to sell special features. It also established UP Movietone ...
- up quark
- (from the article "Quarks") ...(u), "down" (d), and "strange" (s). Each carries a fractional value of the electron charge (i.e., a charge less than that of the electron, e). The up quark (charge 23e) ...
- Up-Helly-Aa
- (from the article "Lerwick") The name Lerwick derives from Norse, and the strong Norse tradition of Shetland is dramatically represented in Lerwick's Up-Helly-Aa (Fire Festival) at the end of January, when a full-sized model ...
- upadana
- (from the article "upadana") (Sanskrit and Pali), in the Buddhist chain of dependent origination, the grasping that leads to becoming. See pratitya-samutpada.for more general content related to this topic
- upadesa
- (from the article "anga") Upadesa ("instruction"), discussions of doctrine-sometimes esoteric doctrine-often in question-and-answer form. The term has also been used for Abhidhamma (scholastic section of the canon), for philosophical treatises, for Tantric works, and ...
- upadhi
- in Indian philosophy, the concept of adventitious limiting conditions. In logic, upadhi operates as follows: a syllogism requires a ground (hetu) to prove the ...
- upamana
- the fourth of the five means of knowledge (pramana) in Indian philosophy by which man can have valid cognitions of the world. Upamana describes ...
- upanayana
- Hindu ritual of initiation, restricted to the three upper varnas, or social classes; it marks the male child's entrance upon the life of a student ( [6 Related Articles]
- Upanishad
- ("session"), any of the speculative texts that contain elaborations in prose and verse of the Vedas, the most ancient Hindu sacred literature. [25 Related Articles]
- Uparkot
- (from the article "South Asian arts") ...Orissa (Udayagiri-Khandagiri), in eastern India. These are much humbler than their counterparts in western India, and consist of a row of cells that open out into a porch, the hall ...
- upas tree
- (from the article "Rosales") ...without harming the human host. It is used extensively in South America and Panama. Ficus species in Fiji and China are used to treat toothache. The latex of Antiaris toxicaria ...
- upasaka
- lay devotee of the Gautama Buddha. The term correctly refers to any Buddhist who is not a member of a monastic order, but its modern usage in Southeast Asia more ... [1 Related Articles]
- upasampada
- Buddhist rite of higher ordination, by which a novice becomes a monk, or bhikhu (Pali: bhikkhu; Sanskrit: bhikshu). Ordination is not necessarily permanent and, ... [1 Related Articles]
- Upavarsa
- (from the article "Indian philosophy") ...survives from the period before Sankara, though both Sankara and Ramanuja referred to the vrttis by Bodhayana and Upavarsa (the two may indeed be the same person). There are, however, ...
- upavita
- (from the article "upanayana") ...dressed as an ascetic and brought before his guru (personal spiritual guide), who invests him with a deerskin to use as an upper garment, a staff, and the sacred thread ...
- upaya
- (from the article "yab-yum") ...Nepal, and Tibet, the representation of the male deity in sexual embrace with his female consort. The pose is generally understood to represent the mystical union of the active force, ...
- Upayoga
- (from the article "Buddhism") ...Buddhist teaching into nine progressively superior groups and subdivides the tantras in a manner different from that of other Vajrayana schools. The six groups of tantras are: Kriya, or ritual; ...
- UPC
- a standard machine-readable bar code used to identify products purchased in grocery and other retail stores. [3 Related Articles]
- Updike, Daniel Berkeley
- American printer and scholar, founder in 1893 of the distinguished Merrymount Press in Boston. [1 Related Articles]
- Updike, John
- American writer of novels, short stories, and poetry, known for his careful craftsmanship and realistic but subtle depiction of "American, Protestant, small-town, middle-class" life. [5 Related Articles]
- updraft and downdraft
- in meteorology, upward-moving and downward-moving air currents, respectively, that are due to several causes. Local daytime heating of the ground causes surface air to become much warmer than the air ... [4 Related Articles]
- updraw machine
- (from the article "industrial glass") Two continuous flat-glass machines were introduced about the turn of the 20th century: the updraw machine, designed by Emile Fourcault of Belgium; and the Irving Colburn machine, developed at the ...
- upeksa
- (from the article "upeksa") in Buddhism, the perfect virtue of equanimity. It is one of the four practices known as brahmavihara (q.v.).role in brahmaviharabrahmavihara...enjoyment ...
- Upelluri
- (from the article "Anatolian religion") ...from his supremacy by begetting a monstrous stone as champion. Ullikummi, the stone monster, grows in the sea, which reaches his waist, while his head touches the sky; he stands ...
- Upemba National Park
- park in southeastern Congo (Kinshasa). It was created in 1939 and has an area of 4,529 square miles (11,730 square km). Its northern and western borders touch the Lualaba River ... [1 Related Articles]
- Upemba, Lake
- (from the article "Congo River") ...than 60 miles, the upper Lualaba joins the Luvua and then the Lukuga. Each stream for part of its course undergoes at least a lacustrine type of expansion, even when ...
- Upernavik
- town, western Greenland, situated on a small island in Baffin Bay, about 100 miles (160 km) north of Nordost Bay. It was founded by Danes as a whaling and sealing ...
- Upfield, Arthur William
- English-born Australian popular novelist who wrote more than 30 novels featuring Detective Inspector Napoleon (Boney) Bonaparte, a half-Aboriginal Australian detective.
- upflow anaerobic sludge blanket
- (from the article "The Environment") ...from the University of Southern California was presented in April to Gatze Lettinga, professor emeritus of environmental technology at Wageningen (Neth.) University. Lettinga invented the upflow anaerobic sludge blanket, a ...
- upgrading
- (from the article "aerospace industry") The most elaborate type of program under the general heading of maintenance is the remanufacturing process. Performed at aircraft-manufacturing facilities, remanufacture is a measure that combines a general overhaul with ...
- Uphold Democracy, Operation
- (from the article "international relations") ...After 36 hours of intense discussions, Cedras agreed to leave the country and order his soldiers not to resist a U.S. occupation, in return for amnesty. The first contingents of ...
- upholstery
- materials used in the craft of covering, padding, and stuffing seating and bedding. The earliest upholsterers, from early Egyptian times to the beginning of the Renaissance, nailed animal skins or ... [4 Related Articles]
- Upi
- (from the article "Lebanon") ...was divided into three administrative districts, each under an Egyptian governor. The northernmost district (Amurru) included the coastal region from Ugarit to Byblos, the central district (Upi) included the southern ...
- Upington
- (from the article "Orange River") ...another sharp bend to the northwest, and this marks the beginning of its middle course. Quartzites and ironstones form a "barrier zone" through which the river has cut deep gorges. ...
- Upjohn, Richard
- British-American architect who was the most active exponent in his time of the Gothic Revival style in ecclesiastical architecture. [1 Related Articles]
- Upjohn, Richard M.
- (from the article "Western architecture") ...State Capitol Building in Hartford. Their design was reminiscent of that submitted by William Burges in 1866 for the Royal Courts of Justice in London. The competition, however, was won ...
- upland cress
- (from the article "cress") Upland cress (Barbarea verna), a hardy biennial native to Europe, is a coarse, often weedy plant rarely cultivated. The closely related winter cress, or yellow rocket (B. vulgaris), is a ...
- upland sandpiper
- (from the article "sandpiper") ...sandpiper (C. fuscicollis; see photograph), which breeds in Arctic North America and winters in southern South America, is rust-coloured in breeding season but gray otherwise. The upland sandpiper (Bartramia longicauda), ...
- uplift
- in geology, vertical elevation of the Earth's surface in response to natural causes. Broad, relatively slow and gentle uplift is termed warping, or epeirogeny, in contrast to the more concentrated ... [6 Related Articles]
- uplink
- (from the article "telecommunications media") A telecommunications satellite is a sophisticated space-based cluster of radio repeaters, called transponders, that link terrestrial radio transmitters to terrestrial radio receivers through an uplink (a link from terrestrial transmitter ...
- Upolu
- most populous island of Samoa, in the South Pacific Ocean. It lies across the Apolima Strait from the island of Savai'i to the west. Upolu is about 46 miles (74 ... [1 Related Articles]
- uposatha
- fortnightly meetings of the Buddhist monastic assembly, at the times of the full moon and the new moon, to reaffirm the rules of discipline. The uposatha observance, now confined almost ... [3 Related Articles]
- Uppdal, Kristofer Oliver
- working-class Norwegian novelist whose major work is the 10-volume Dansen gjenom skuggeheimen (1911-24; "The Dance Through the World of Shadows"), which deals with the development of the Norwegian industrial working ...
- Upper Atmosphere Research Panel
- (from the article "space exploration") ...to Earth. Although the primary purpose of the tests was to advance rocket technology, the army invited American scientists interested in high-altitude research to put experiments aboard the V-2s. An ...
- Upper Bavarian law code
- (from the article "Louis IV") ...prerequisite-the welding of his family into a uniform body motivated by a single political will. He strove for this unity with all the diplomatic and juridical means at his disposal, ...
- Upper Beni
- (from the article "Bolivia") ...Northward from the Chaco the relief of the Santa Cruz department is somewhat more varied, exhibiting a gentle downward slope to the north. The Oriente includes much of the northern ...
- upper bout
- (from the article "stringed instrument") ...on an artistic unity of opposed curves that allows free play to individual nuance with scarcely any measurable deviation from the norm. The rounded, outward-curving sections of the body, called ...
- Upper Burma
- geographic and historical division of Burma (Myanmar), referring to the central and northern portion of the country. The division between Upper and Lower Burma was accentuated during 1852-85, when Lower ... [1 Related Articles]
- Upper Canadian Village
- (from the article "museum, types of") ...with them, are to be found in many parts of the world: the National Museum of Niamey, Niger, or the Museum of Traditional Architecture in Jos, Nigeria; the Village Museum ...
- upper class
- (from the article "Europe, history of") At the top of European society a new upper class formed as big business took shape, representing a partial amalgam of aristocratic landowners and corporate magnates. This upper class wielded ...
- upper control limit
- (from the article "statistics") ...of acceptable quality. The vertical axis of the control chart identifies the scale of measurement for the variable of interest. The upper horizontal line of the control chart, referred to ...
- upper cortex
- (from the article "fungus") ...than those of the fungus. The more common type of thallus, a heteromerous thallus, has four distinct layers, three of which are formed by the fungus and one by the ...
- Upper Deep Water
- (from the article "ocean current") ...where evaporation exceeds precipitation and inflow. The more highly saline water produced by the net evaporation sinks in the eastern Mediterranean and flows in a deep bottom current, termed the ...
- upper delta plain
- (from the article "delta") ...of rivers to deposit stream-borne sediments more rapidly than they can be removed by waves and ocean currents. Deltas typically consist of three components. The most landward section is called ...
- Upper Doab
- (from the article "Ganges-Yamuna Doab") The doab can be divided into three sections: Upper, Middle, and Lower. The Upper Doab extends from Haridwar town on the north to Aligarh town on the south. It has ...
- Upper Ecca Series
- (from the article "Africa") ...Ecca Series and are divided into three groups: the Lower Ecca (containing almost 1,000 feet of shales), the Middle Ecca (some 1,650 feet of sandstone, seams of coal, and fossilized ...
- Upper Egypt
- geographic and cultural division of Egypt, generally consisting of the Nile River valley south of the delta and the 30th parallel N. It thus consists of the entire Nile River ... [2 Related Articles]
- Upper Engadin
- (from the article "Engadin") ...border. It is bounded on the south by the Bernina Alps and on the north by the Albula and Silvretta groups. The valley is divided both administratively and geographically (at ...
- Upper Guinea
- (from the article "Guinea") Upper Guinea is composed of the Niger Plains, which slope northeastward toward the Sahara. The flat relief is broken by rounded granite hills and outliers of the Fouta Djallon. Composed ...
- Upper Harz
- (from the article "Harz") ...intersected by narrow, deep valleys. The Brocken (3,747 feet [1,142 m]) and Viktorshohe (1,909 feet [582 m]) are of granite. The northwestern and higher third of the highland is known ...
- Upper Hutt
- city, southern North Island, New Zealand. It lies in the Hutt River valley near Wellington. Founded in 1848, it is part of the larger Hutt area named for Sir William ...
- upper Indus River valley
- (from the article "Jammu and Kashmir") The valley of the upper Indus River is a well-defined feature that follows the geologic strike (structural trend) westward from the Tibetan border to the point in the Pakistani sector ...
- Upper Iraq
- (from the article "Iraq") In addition, Arabian Iraq was subdivided into three political spheres: Upper Iraq, centred on the town of Mosul; Middle Iraq, or the area around Baghdad; and Lower Iraq, whose major ...
- Upper Karabakh Canal
- (from the article "Azerbaijan") A well-developed network of canals between the Kura and Aras rivers makes it possible to irrigate a major part of the lowland. The Upper Karabakh Canal, 107 miles (172 kilometres) ...
- Upper Karoo System
- (from the article "Africa") ...dinosaur and other reptilian fossil remains, was deposited. The Saharan Taouratine Series, containing fossils of vegetation and of great reptiles, was laid down during the Jurassic. In the upper Karoo ...
- Upper Lorraine
- (from the article "Lorraine") In 959 Bruno divided Lotharingia into two parts, the southern Upper Lorraine and the northern Lower Lorraine, with their boundary running from a point on the Rhine north of Andernach ...
- Upper Lough Erne
- (from the article "Erne, Lough") ...1973), formerly County Fermanagh, Northern Ireland. It is 40 miles (64 km) long and has an average width of 5 miles (8 km) and a maximum depth of 200 feet ...
- Upper Lusatia
- (from the article "Lusatia") ...part of Saxony in 1635 under the Peace of Prague at the conclusion of the Thirty Years' War. In 1815 it was partitioned, with Lower (i.e., southern) Lusatia being transferred ...
- upper mantle
- (from the article "Earth") The increasing pressure with depth causes phase changes in crustal rocks at depths between 5 and 50 km (3 and 30 miles), which marks the top of the upper mantle, ...
- Upper Midwest
- (from the article "United States") Two major subregions are readily discerned, the Upper and Lower Midwest. They are separated by a line, roughly approximating the 41st parallel, that persists as far west as Colorado in ...
- upper motor neuron disease
- (from the article "muscle disease") Muscle weakness typical of upper motor neuron disease is seen in stroke, producing weakness of one side of the body. The arm is typically flexed, the leg is extended, and ...
- Upper Paleolithic Period
- (from the article "Catalhuyuk") Excavation of the religious quarter produced a series of shrines with wall paintings of exceptional brilliance. These are of interest for their link with Upper Paleolithic art.
- Upper Peninsula
- (from the article "Michigan") Michigan is the only one of the 49 continental states to be split into two large land segments: the sparsely populated but mineral-rich Upper Peninsula slices eastward from northern Wisconsin ...
- Upper Rio Grande region
- (from the article "United States") The term Upper Rio Grande region was coined to denote the oldest and strongest of the three sectors of Hispanic-American activity in the Southwest, the others being southern California and ...
- Upper Shirvan Canal
- (from the article "Azerbaijan") ...of 246 feet. The Upper Karabakh Canal alone irrigates more than 250,000 acres (100,000 hectares) of fertile land and in addition supplies the Aras River with water during dry summer ...
- Upper Silesia
- (from the article "Opolskie") ...the 1100s it was the scene of wars with Bohemians who laid claim to the area. In 1173 Silesia was divided into the duchy of Wroclaw (Lower Silesia) and the ...
- Upper Silesian Industrial District
- (from the article "Slaskie") ...the population lives in cities. The largest urban centres (all with populations exceeding 150,000) are Katowice, Czestochowa, Sosnowiec, Gliwice, Bytom, Zabrze, and Bielsko-Biala. The Upper Silesian Industrial District, centred on ...
- Upper Sonoran Zone
- (from the article "New Mexico") ...corner, usually occurs at elevations below 4,500 feet (1,400 metres). It includes nearly 20,000 square miles (52,000 square km) of New Mexico's best grazing area and irrigated farmland. The Upper ...
|
|
