| | - Takelma language
- (from the article "Penutian languages") ...languages), Sahaptin (two languages), Yakonan (two extinct languages), Yokutsan (three languages), and Maiduan (four languages)-plus Klamath-Modoc, Cayuse (extinct), Molale (extinct), Coos, Takelma (extinct), Kalapuya, Chinook (not to be confused with ...
- Takemitsu, Toru
- Japanese composer (b. Oct. 8, 1930, Tokyo, Japan--d. Feb. 20, 1996, Tokyo), achieved worldwide renown for works that combined the tradition of Western classical music and the sounds of traditional ... [1 Related Articles]
- Takemoto Gidayu
- (from the article "joruri") ...the script, until the appearance of one of Japan's greatest playwrights, Chikamatsu Monzaemon, in the late 17th and early 18th centuries. A 30-year collaboration between Chikamatsu and the chanter Takemoto ...
- Takemoto Puppet Theatre
- (from the article "arts, East Asian") A new style of puppet play was created in 1686 by the writer Chikamatsu Monzaemon (1653-1725) and the chanter Takemoto Gidayu at the Takemoto Puppet Theatre in saka, the city ...
- takeoff
- (from the article "airplane") ...of the plane in flight, and a power plant to provide the thrust necessary to push the vehicle through the air. Provision must be made to support the plane when ...
- Takeshima Day
- (from the article "Korea, Republic of") ...(some maps used a neutral term-the Liancourt Rocks). The issue came to the fore when the Shimane Prefectural Assembly-not the Japanese government-declared that February 22 was Takeshima Day. The South ...
- Takeshita Noboru
- prime minister of Japan from November 1987 to June 1989, at which time he resigned because of his involvement in an influence-peddling scandal. A behind-the-scenes power broker, he continued to ... [2 Related Articles]
- Takeshita, Yoshie
- (from the article "Volleyball") ...medal. Russia edged Brazil 15-25, 25-23, 25-18, 20-25, 15-13 on November 16 to earn the women's crown. The bronze went to Serbia and Montenegro. The women's MVP was Yoshie Takeshita ...
- Takeuchi Seiho
- a representative painter of the modern Japanese style. [1 Related Articles]
- takfir
- (from the article "Religion") Jordan's King Abdullah II hosted a conference of 180 scholars from 45 countries in Amman in July that issued a declaration condemning the practice of takfir, or declaring other Muslims ...
- takhrikhim
- (from the article "religious dress") ...occasion not only of repentance but also of grace, for which festal wear was appropriate. Emphasis on the atoning aspect of the occasion, however, led to the sargenes being interpreted ...
- Takht-e Soleyman
- ancient city and Zoroastrian temple complex of Iran's Sasanian dynasty, subsequently occupied by other groups, including the Mongol Il-Khanid dynasty. It is located in northwestern Iran in the southeastern highlands ...
- Takht-e Soleyman
- (from the article "Elburz Mountains") ...of the highest crest, which-with the exception of the towering and isolated cone of the extinct volcano Mount Damavand (18,386 feet [5,604 m])-culminates in the glaciated massif of Takht-e Soleyman, ...
- Taki Abdoulkarim, Mohamed
- Comoros politician who from 1996 served as president of the country (b. Feb. 20, 1936, Mbeni, Grande Comore--d. Nov. 6, 1998, Beit Salam, Moroni, Comoros).
- Takic language
- (from the article "Uto-Aztecan languages") ...are spoken in the United States) are (1) Numic (formerly called Plateau Shoshonean), which includes Mono and Northern Paiute, Panamint and Shoshone, and Kawaiisu and Ute; (2) Tubatulabal; (3) the ...
- takin
- heavily built, hoofed mammal of Southeast Asia, belonging to the family Bovidae (order Artiodactyla). The takin lives singly or in small herds in the mountains, usually below the timberline. Robust ...
- Takis, Nicholus
- (from the article "sculpture") There are now types of sculpture in which the components are moved by air currents, as in the well-known mobiles of Calder; by water; by magnetism, the speciality of Nicholus ...
- Takizawa Bakin
- the dominant Japanese writer of the early 19th century, admired for his lengthy, serious historical novels that are highly moral in tone. [2 Related Articles]
- takkanah
- in Judaism, a regulation promulgated by rabbinic authority to promote the common good or to foster the spiritual development of those under its jurisdiction. Takkanoth, which are considered extensions of ... [1 Related Articles]
- Takla Makan Desert
- great desert of Central Asia and one of the largest sandy deserts in the world. The Takla Makan occupies the central part of the Tarim Basin in the Uygur Autonomous ... [5 Related Articles]
- Takoma Park
- city, Montgomery county, central Maryland, U.S., on Sligo Creek. It was founded in 1883 by real estate developer Benjamin F. Gilbert along the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad track as a ...
- takraw
- (from the article "Thailand") The traditional game of takraw, in which participants attempt to keep a woven rattan ball from touching the ground without using their hands, is very popular among ...
- Taksin
- also called Phraya Taksin, or Phya Tak Thai general, conqueror, and later king (1767-82) who reunited Thailand, or Siam, after its defeat at the hands of the Myanmar (Burmese) in ... [2 Related Articles]
- Takuan Soho
- Japanese Rinzai Zen Buddhist priest responsible for the construction of the Tokai Temple. Takuan was a poet, calligrapher, painter, and master of the tea ceremony; he also fused the art ...
- Takuma Shoga
- original name Takuma Tamemoto member of a Japanese family of professional artists who specialized in Buddhist paintings (butsuga), creating a new style of religious painting that incorporated features of Chinese ...
- Takuo Hirano
- (from the article "industrial design") ...for study abroad in an effort to upgrade the quality of the country's products, which were considered, in the immediate postwar era, to be cheap imitations of Western products. Under ...
- Takutea
- raised coral atoll of the southern Cook Islands, a self-governing state in free association with New Zealand in the South Pacific Ocean. Its first sighting by a European (1777) was ...
- Takwatip
- (from the article "Kawaib") ...were first encountered in 1913-14 by the Brazilian military. The effect of European diseases on native populations is tragically demonstrated by statistics of the Tupi-Kawaib's Takwatip clan. From a population ...
- Tal, Mikhail Nekhemyevich
- Latvian chess grandmaster who in 1960, at the age of 23, became the youngest world chess champion when he upset the defending champion, Mikhail Botvinnik, by a score of 1212 ... [2 Related Articles]
- tala
- in the music of India, Bangladesh, and Pakistan, a metric cycle with a specific number of beats-from 3 to 128-that recur in the same pattern throughout a musical performance. Tala ... [4 Related Articles]
- Talabani, Jalal al-
- (from the article "Iraq") ...| Population (2007 est.): 28,993,000 (including nearly 2,500,000 Iraqi refugees, of which about 1,400,000 are in Syria and about 750,000 are in Jordan) | Capital: Baghdad | Head of state: ...
- Talak
- extensive sandy dune region of northwestern Niger, west of the Air massif. It covers about 40,000 square miles (100,000 square km) and is drained by a number of small, ephemeral ...
- Talal
- (from the article "Hussein") Following the July 1951 assassination of Hussein's grandfather King 'Abdullah in Jerusalem, his father, Talal, ascended to the throne but was in 1952 declared unfit to rule by parliament owing ...
- Talamanca, Cordillera de
- range in southern Costa Rica, extending to the border with western Panama. Its highest peak, Chirripo Grande, rises to 12,530 feet (3,819 metres). Poor transportation facilities limit access to the ... [1 Related Articles]
- Talambo affair
- (1862), attack by Peruvian workers on Spanish Basque immigrants on the hacienda (estate) of Talambo, in northern Peru; this incident led to the Spanish war against Peru (1864-66), the last ...
- talapoin
- either of two small species of monkeys found in swamp forests on each side of the lower Congo River and neighbouring river systems. Talapoins are the smallest of the Old ...
- talaq
- (from the article "Shari'ah") ...offense-e.g., cruelty, desertion, failure to maintain-committed by the husband. But the husband alone has the power unilaterally to terminate the marriage by repudiation (talaI) of his wife. TalaI is an ...
- Talara
- city, northwestern Peru, on the Pacific Ocean. Rebuilt and developed by the International Petroleum Company (which provided workers' housing, hospitals, and schools), it is a refining and shipping port for ... [1 Related Articles]
- Talas Alatau Range
- (from the article "Tien Shan") ...of climatic zones, determined by elevation, from arid and dry steppe at lower levels to glacial at the summit, is evident on the northern slopes of this range. The Kyrgyz ...
- Talas Fergana Fault
- (from the article "Tien Shan") ...sediment) accumulated in the valleys. Zones of faulting occur, usually along the boundaries between the ridges and the valleys. Large-scale horizontal movements have occurred along the great Talas Fergana Fault, ...
- Talas Valley
- (from the article "Kyrgyzstan") ...which merges into the Chatkal Range. The Chatkal Range is linked to the Ysyk-Kol region by a final enclosing range, the Kyrgyz. The only other important lowlands in the country ...
- Talat Pasa
- leader of the Young Turks, Ottoman statesman, grand vizier (1917-18), and leading member of the Ottoman government from 1913 to 1918. [3 Related Articles]
- Talat, Mehmet Ali
- (from the article "Cyprus") ...266,000 (including Turkish settlers and Turkish military) | Capital: Nicosia (also known as Lefkosia/Lefkosa) | Head(s) of state and government: President Tassos Papadopoulos; of the TRNC, President Mehmet Ali Talat ...
- Talaud Islands
- islands administered from Manado as part of northern Sulawesi Utara provinsi (North Celebes province), northern Indonesia. The group, with a total area of 495 square miles (1,281 ...
- Talavera de la Reina
- city, Toledo provincia (provincia), in the comunidad autonoma (autonomous community) of Castile-La Mancha, central Spain, on the northern bank of the Tagus River near ...
- Talavera, Battle of
- (from the article "Spain") ...He was defeated not by the inefficient Spanish regular army but by British troops under the duke of Wellington advancing from Portugal with the aid of Spanish guerrillas. As the ...
- Talavera, Hernando de
- (from the article "Isabella I") ...dresses, she must have made a striking figure. At the same time display was matched with religious feeling. Her choice of spiritual advisers brought to the fore such different and ...
- talayot
- (from the article "Balearic Islands") Varied civilizations have left their marks on the islands, and, although the prehistoric Talayotic civilization (so termed from its characteristic rough stone towers called talayots) seems to ...
- Talbert, William Franklin, III
- American tennis player who, despite suffering from diabetes, won 33 national titles, including eight doubles titles at the U.S. championships in the 1940s; he was inducted into the International Tennis ...
- Talbingo Dam
- (from the article "Tumut River") Below Tumut Pond is the second power station. Below that, the river widens into Talbingo Reservoir, which is impounded by Talbingo Dam. This dam, when built in 1971, was the ...
- talbiyah
- in Islam, the formulaic pronouncement labbaykah allahummah labbaykah ("at your service, O Lord, at your service"), recited especially during a pilgrimage when pious Muslims perform the tawaf-i.e., walk around the ...
- Talbot
- county, east-central Maryland, U.S. It adjoins Chesapeake Bay to the west, the Choptank River to the south and southeast, and Tuckahoe Creek to the northeast and includes Tilghman and Poplar ...
- Talbot
- (from the article "Le Mans Grand Prix d'Endurance (also called Le Mans 24-Hour Race)") Other motorcars of this type included the Hispano-Suiza of Spain and France; the Bugatti, Delage, Delahaye, Hotchkiss, Talbot (Darracq), and Voisin of France; the Duesenberg, Cadillac, Packard, and Pierce-Arrow of ...
- Talbot, Arthur Newell
- civil engineer who was a foremost authority on reinforced concrete construction. He was instrumental in establishing an engineering experiment station in 1904 at the University of Illinois (Urbana-Champaign), the first ...
- Talbot, Mary Anne
- British woman who served in the English army and navy disguised as a man. She was later known as the "British Amazon."
- Talbot, William Henry Fox
- English chemist, linguist, archaeologist, and pioneer photographer. He is best known for his development of the calotype (q.v.), an early photographic process that was an improvement over the daguerreotype of ... [7 Related Articles]
- Talbot-Plateau law
- (from the article "eye, human") ...of the illuminating source constant and merely vary the period of blackness in a cycle of black and white. The effective luminance will be the average luminance during a cycle; ...
- talc
- common silicate mineral that is distinguished from almost all other minerals by its extreme softness (it has the lowest rating [1] on the Mohs scale of hardness). Its soapy or ... [2 Related Articles]
- Talca
- city, central Chile, in the Central Valley near the Maule River. Founded in 1692, it was destroyed by earthquakes in 1742 and 1928; completely rebuilt, it is now a major ...
- Talcahuano
- city, south-central Chile, lying on a small peninsula that forms the southwestern shore of Concepcion Bay, just north-northwest of the city of Concepcion (q.v.), for which it became the outport ...
- Taldy-Kurgan
- city, southeastern Kazakhstan. It is situated on the left bank of the Karatal River and in the western foothills of the Dzungarian Alatau Range. It grew up on the site ...
- Tale of Genji, The
- masterpiece of Japanese literature by Murasaki Shikibu. Written at the start of the 11th century, it is generally considered the world's first novel. [18 Related Articles]
- Taleju Temple
- (from the article "Kathmandu") ...Destruction caused by an earthquake in 1934 resulted in the construction of many modern-style buildings. The city's most notable building is the old palace of the Malla kings, which includes ...
- Talence
- town, Gironde departement, Aquitaine region, southern suburb of Bordeaux, southwestern France. It is a centre for jet-aircraft production and has light industry and wine making. An extension of Bordeaux University ...
- talent
- (from the article "genius") Genius is distinguished from talent, both quantitatively and qualitatively. Talent refers to a native aptitude for some special kind of work and implies a relatively quick and easy acquisition of ...
- talent
- unit of weight used by many ancient civilizations, such as the Hebrews, Egyptians, Greeks, and Romans. The weight of a talent and its relationship to its major subdivision, the mina, ... [2 Related Articles]
- Talented Tenth
- (1903), concept espoused by black educator and author W.E.B. Du Bois, emphasizing the necessity for higher education to develop the leadership capacity among the most able 10 percent of black ...
- Taleyarkhan, Rusi
- (from the article "nuclear fusion") In 2002 Rusi Taleyarkhan and colleagues at Purdue University in Lafayette, Ind., claimed to have observed a statistically significant increase in nuclear emissions of products of fusion reactions (neutrons and ...
- Talhah ibn 'Ubaydullah
- (from the article "fitnah") ...opposition was directed against him. The Battle of the Camel (December 656), pitting the forces of 'Ali against those of 'A'ishah, one of Muhammad's widows, and Talhah and az-Zubayr, prominent ...
- talharpa
- (from the article "stringed instrument") ...the ancient Icelandic fidla is a bowed zither, as is the Korean ajaeng; the Scandinavian talharpa is a bowed lyre. The ...
- Talhouni, Bahjat at-
- Jordanian politician (b. 1913, Ma'an, vilayet of Syria, Ottoman Empire [now Ma'an, Jordan]--d. Jan. 30, 1994), was a loyal monarchist and close personal adviser to King Hussein of Jordan throughout ...
- Taliabu
- (from the article "Sula") chain of islands in western North Maluku propinsi (province), Indonesia. They lie east of central Celebes and between the Molucca Sea (north) and Banda Sea (south). Three large islands, Taliabu ...
- Taliban
- ultraconservative political and religious faction that emerged in Afghanistan in the mid 1990s following the withdrawal of Soviet troops, the collapse of Afghanistan's communist regime, and the subsequent breakdown in ... [36 Related Articles]
- Taliesin
- one of five poets renowned among the Welsh in the latter part of the 6th century, according to the Historia Brittonum (c. 830). [1 Related Articles]
- Taliesin and Taliesin West
- the two homes, as well as architectural schools, of the American architect Frank Lloyd Wright. Originally built in 1911, Taliesin, located near Spring Green, Wisconsin, U.S., was rebuilt after fires ... [5 Related Articles]
- Taligent, Inc.
- (from the article "Apple Inc.") ...a technology agreement with Motorola, Inc., to develop a next-generation RISC (reduced-instruction-set computing) chip, known as the PowerPC, Apple and IBM created two new software companies, Taligent, Inc., and Kaleida ...
- Talikota, Battle of
- (January 1565), confrontation between the forces of the Hindu raja of Vijayanagar and the four Muslim sultans of Bijapur, Bidar, Ahmadnagar, and Golconda in the Indian Deccan. The armies numbered ... [3 Related Articles]
- talion
- principle developed in early Babylonian law and present in both biblical and early Roman law that criminals should receive as punishment precisely those injuries and damages they had inflicted upon ... [6 Related Articles]
- talipes calcaneovalgus
- (from the article "childhood disease and disorder") ...foot is turned inward and bent toward the heel. Correction usually involves the use of splints and plaster casts to force the foot into the correct position; severe cases may ...
- talipes equinovarus
- (from the article "clubfoot") congenital twisting of the foot. In the most common type, called talipes equinovarus, the heel bends upward and the front part of the foot is turned inward and bent toward ...
- talipot palm
- (from the article "tree") The talipot palm (Corypha umbraculifera) of tropical Sri Lanka and India may live as long as 75 years before it flowers and fruits just one time and then dies. The ...
- Talish Mountains
- mountain chain, northwestern Iran, in the northwest section of the Elburz Mountains, extending southeastward from the Azerbaijan border to the lower part of the Safid Rud (Safid River). Few peaks ... [4 Related Articles]
- Talishi
- (from the article "Azerbaijan") ...winter vegetables. The towns of Lankaran, Astara, and Masalli are small, and local industry is mostly concerned with the processing of agricultural goods, while in the mountains the Talysh people ...
- talisman
- (from the article "talisman") object bearing a sign or engraved character and thought to act as a charm to avert evil and bring good fortune. See amulet.for more content related to this topic
- talk poem
- (from the article "Antin, David") American poet, translator, and art critic who became best known for his improvisational "talk poems," first published in Talking (1972), which blend lighthearted storytelling and comedy with social commentary.
- talk show
- (from the article "The Tonight Show") What explains the remarkable longevity and popularity of television talk shows? There is no one answer. The basic ingredients of a typical talk show are, obviously (1) the host and ...
- Talkeetna Mountains
- (from the article "Alaskan mountains") Between the Alaska Range and the coastal ranges lie the Talkeetna Mountains and, to the east of them, the Wrangell Mountains. The Talkeetnas occupy a rugged oval area about 100 ...
- talking catfish
- (from the article "catfish") ...of Africa can generate up to 450 volts of electricity; the parasitic catfish, or candiru (Vandellia cirrhosa), of South America sometimes invades the urogenital openings of bathers; the talking catfish ...
- talking drum
- any of various types of drums that, by imitating the rhythm and the rise and fall of words in languages, are used as communication devices. Such drums occur in East ... [1 Related Articles]
- Talking Heads
- American art rock band popular in the late 1970s and '80s. Band members were David Byrne (b. May 14, 1952, Dumbarton, Scot., ), Chris Frantz (b. May 8, 1951, Fort ... [1 Related Articles]
- Tall al-Maskhutah
- (from the article "Isma'iliyyah, Al-") Ancient ruins have been discovered at Tall al-Maskhutah, about 10 miles (16 km) west of Ismailia on the Al-Isma'iliyyah Canal. Some scholars identify them with biblical Pithom, a site of ...
- tall bellflower
- (from the article "bellflower") Tall bellflower (Campanula americana), native to moist woodlands of North America, has flowering spikes that may reach 2 m (6 feet) high and has saucer-shaped flowers with long, curved styles. ...
- Tall Buildings and Urban Habitat, Council on
- (from the article "Heights of Buildings") The Council on Tall Buildings and Urban Habitat (Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago) is the international organization that determines the criteria that, in turn, determine the officially accepted heights of ...
- tall fescue
- (from the article "fescue") ...F. elatior), a plant about 0.5 to 1.2 m (1 12 to 4 feet) tall, is used for fodder and as a permanent pasture grass. Both meadow fescue and tall ...
- tall meadow buttercup
- (from the article "wildflower") ...human makers are thought to have burned off native vegetation and made way for aggressive species from the same or other areas. For instance, one of the best-known buttercups of ...
- tall oat grass
- (from the article "oat grass") ...Arrhenatherum and Danthonia (family Poaceae). Approximately six species of tall grasses, native to temperate Europe and Asia, constitute the genus Arrhenatherum. Tall oat grass (A. elatius), which has been introduced ...
- tall oil
- dark, odorous liquid by-product of the sulfate (kraft) process of paper manufacture, used after refining to make coatings, sizing for paper, paint, varnish, linoleum, drying oils, emulsions, lubricants, and soaps. ... [2 Related Articles]
- tall tale
- narrative that depicts the wild adventures of extravagantly exaggerated folk heroes. The tall tale is essentially an oral form of entertainment; the audience appreciates the imaginative invention rather than the ... [1 Related Articles]
- Tall, At-
- (from the article "Ai") ...Ai (Hebrew: ha-'Ay, "The Ruin") just east of Bethel (modern Baytin in the West Bank). This would make it identical with the large early Bronze Age site now called At-Tall. ...
- Tall-e Bakun
- prehistoric Iranian site located near Persepolis in south-central Iran. The site, continuously inhabited from c. 4200 to c. 3000 BC, is the oldest yet discovered in that area of Iran. ...
- Talladega
- city, seat (1834) of Talladega county, east-central Alabama, U.S., in the foothills of the southern Appalachian Mountains, about 60 miles (100 km) east of Birmingham. The site was originally inhabited ...
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