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seder: (Hebrew: "order"), a religious meal served in Jewish homes on the 15th and 16th of the month of Nisan to commence the festival of Passover (Pesah). Though Passover commemorates the ...
seder: any of the major orders, or divisions, of the Mishna, the oldest codification of Jewish oral laws. See Mishna.
Sederholm, Jakob Johannes: geologist who pioneered in the study of the Precambrian rocks (those from 3.96 billion to 570 million years old) of Finland. He was appointed geologist to the Geological Commission of ...
sedge: any plant of the family Cyperaceae (q.v.).
Sedgefield: borough (district), administrative and historic county of Durham, northeastern England, occupying a limestone plateau generally 300 to 400 feet (90 to 120 metres) in elevation between the Pennine uplands in ...
Sedgemoor: district, administrative and historic county of Somerset, southwest England, in the north-central part of the county. Sedgemoor district is generally a low-lying basin with rich alluvial soils. It is bordered ...
Sedgemoor, Battle of: (July 16 [July 6, Old Style], 1685), in English history, battle fought about 3 miles (5 km) southeast of Bridgwater, Somerset, Eng. It was a massacre of the mainly peasant ...
Sedgwick, Adam: English zoologist who is best known for his researches on the wormlike organism Peripatus, which he recognized as the zoologically important connecting link between the Annelida, or segmented worms, and ...
Sedgwick, Adam: English geologist who first applied the name Cambrian to the geologic period of time, now dated at 570 to 505 million years ago.
Sedgwick, Anne Douglas: expatriate American writer whose best-selling fiction observed European and American cultural differences.
Sedgwick, Catharine Maria: early American writer whose internationally popular fiction was part of the first authentically native strain of American literature.
sedilia: in architecture, group of seats for the clergy in a Christian church of Gothic style. Usually consisting of three separate stone seats-for the priest, the deacon, and the subdeacon-the sedilia ...
sedimentary facies: physical, chemical, and biological aspects of a sedimentary bed and the lateral change within sequences of beds of the same geologic age. Sedimentary rocks can be formed only where sediments ...
sedimentary rock: rock formed at or near the Earth's surface by the accumulation and lithification of sediment (detrital rock) or by the precipitation from solution at normal surface temperatures (chemical rock). Sedimentary ...
sedimentary rock: rock formed at or near the Earth's surface by the accumulation and lithification of sediment (detrital rock) or by the precipitation from solution at normal surface temperatures (chemical rock). Sedimentary ...
sedimentation: in the geological sciences, process of deposition of a solid material from a state of suspension or solution in a fluid (usually air or water). Broadly defined it also includes ...
sedimentation tank: component of a modern sewage-treatment system. In a large metropolitan system, waste water is passed through a series of tanks following coarse screening to remove large objects. Grit chambers settle ...
sedimentology: scientific discipline that is concerned with the physical and chemical properties of sedimentary rocks and the processes involved in their formation, including the transportation, deposition, and lithification (transformation to rock) ...
sedition: crime against the state. Though sedition may have the same ultimate effect as treason, it is generally limited to the offense of organizing or encouraging opposition to government in a ...
Sedley, Sir Charles, 4th Baronet: English Restoration poet, dramatist, wit, and courtier.
Sedom: industrial site in southeastern Israel, near the southern end of the Dead Sea. It is the site of the Dead Sea Works Ltd., an Israeli national company chartered by the ...
seduction: in law, the act of a man enticing (without the use of physical force) a previously chaste woman to consent to sexual intercourse. In broader usage, the term refers to ...
sedum: (genus Sedum), any of about 600 species of succulent plants in the family Crassulaceae, native to the temperate zone and to mountains in the tropics. Some species are grown in ...
Sedykh, Yury: Russian athlete who is considered the greatest hammer thrower of modern times. He set six world records and won two Olympic gold medals.
Seebeck effect: production of an electromotive force (emf) and consequently an electric current in a loop of material consisting of at least two dissimilar conductors when two junctions are maintained at different ...
Seebeck, Thomas Johann: German physicist who discovered (1821) that an electric current flows between different conductive materials that are kept at different temperatures, known as the Seebeck effect.
Seeberg, Peter: Danish novelist influenced by French existentialism.
Seeckt, Hans von: German general and head of the Reichswehr (army) from 1920 to 1926, who was responsible for successfully remodelling the army under the Weimar Republic.
seed and fruit: respectively, the characteristic reproductive body of both angiosperms (flowering plants) and gymnosperms (conifers, cycads, and ginkgos) and the ovary that encloses it. Essentially, a seed consists of a miniature, undeveloped ...
seed beetle: any member of the more than 900 species of the insect family Bruchidae (order Coleoptera). Seed beetles are oval or egg shaped, 1 to 10 millimetres (up to 25 inch) ...
seed fern: any plant of the extinct order Pteridospermales, class (sometimes division) Cycadophyta, abundant during the Carboniferous and Permian periods (from 360 to 245 million years ago). They had large fernlike fronds. ...
seedeater: broadly, any songbird that lives chiefly on seeds and typically has a more or less strong conical bill for crushing them. In this sense, the term includes the sparrows, buntings, ...
seedsnipe: any of four species of South American birds comprising the family Thinocoridae (order Charadriiformes). The seedsnipe, related to such shorebirds as the gulls and terns, is adapted to a diet ...
Seeger, Pete: singer who sustained the folk music tradition and who was the principal inspiration for younger performers in the folk revival of the 1960s.
seeing: in astronomy, sharpness of a telescopic image. Seeing is dependent upon the degree of turbulence in the Earth's atmosphere for a given telescope. Scintillation, the "twinkling" of stars to the ...
Seeker: member of any of numerous small groups of separatist Puritans in 16th-century England who sought new prophets to reveal God's true church. Seekers subscribed to the principles of Caspar Schwenckfeld ...
Seekonk River: navigable stream about 5 miles (8 km) long formed by the widened Blackstone River at Pawtucket, R.I., U.S. The Seekonk joins the Providence River at Providence city; it is the ...
seepage: in soil engineering, movement of water in soils, often a critical problem in building foundations. Seepage depends on several factors, including permeability of the soil and the pressure gradient, essentially ...
Seers, Eugene: French-Canadian poet and critic who is regarded as the first major literary critic of Quebec.
Sefer ha-bahir: (Hebrew: "Book of Brightness"), largely symbolic commentary on the Old Testament, the basic motif of which is the mystical significance of the shapes and sounds of the Hebrew alphabet. The ...
Sefer ha-temuna: (Hebrew: "Book of the Image"), anonymous work in Hebrew that imbues the letters of the Hebrew alphabet with a mystical significance and claims that there are invisible parts of the ...
Sefer ha-zohar: (Hebrew: "Book of Splendour"), 13th-century book, mostly in Aramaic, that is the classic text of esoteric Jewish mysticism, or Kabbala. Though esoteric mysticism was taught by Jews as early as ...
Sefer Hasidim: (Hebrew: "Book of the Pious"), a highly valuable account of the day-to-day religious life of medieval German Jews known as Hasidim ("Pious Ones"). The authentic Hasid is described in terms ...
Sefer Torah: (Hebrew: "Book of the Law"), in Judaism, the first five books of the Old Testament written in Hebrew by a qualified calligrapher (sofer) on vellum or parchment and enshrined in ...
Sefer Yetzira: (Hebrew: "Book of Creation"), oldest known Hebrew text on white magic and cosmology; it contends that the cosmos derived from the 22 letters of the Hebrew alphabet and from the ...
Seferis, George: Greek poet, essayist, and diplomat who won the Nobel Prize for Literature in 1963.
sefira: in the speculations of esoteric Jewish mysticism (Kabbala), any of the 10 emanations, or powers, by which God the Creator was said to become manifest. The concept first appeared in ...
Sefrioui, Ahmed: Moroccan novelist and short-story writer whose works record the everyday lives of the common people in Fes.
Sefton: metropolitan borough, metropolitan county of Merseyside, historic county of Lancashire, England, extending along the Irish Sea coast from the Ribble estuary in the north to the Mersey estuary in the ...
Segal, George: American sculptor of monochromatic, cast plaster figures often situated in environments of mundane furnishings and objects.
Segamat: town, south-central West Malaysia (Malaya). It lies along the Segamat River and the Kuala Lumpur-Singapore railway. Surrounded by oil-palm and rubber estates, the town is on the central Johor plains ...
Segantini, Giovanni: Italian painter known for his Alpine landscapes and allegorical pictures, which blended Symbolist content with the technique of Neo-Impressionism.
Segar, Elzie: American cartoonist and creator of "Popeye," a comic strip in which the main character, a roughhewn sailor who gained immense strength from eating spinach, became an international folk hero.
Segesta: ancient city of Sicily, located about 2 miles (3 km) northwest of modern Calatafimi. It was the chief city of the Elymi, a people for whom Thucydides claimed a Trojan ...
Seghers, Charles Jean: Roman Catholic missionary whose work in northwestern North America earned him the title Apostle of Alaska.
Seghers, Hercules Pietersz: Dutch painter and etcher of stark, fantastic landscapes.
segmentation: in zoology, the condition of being constructed of a linear series of similar parts, each being a metamere (body segment, or somite) and each being formed in sequence in the ...
Segner, Johann Andreas von: German physicist and mathematician who in 1751 introduced the concept of the surface tension of liquids, likening it to a stretched membrane. His view that minute and imperceptible attractive forces ...
Segni, Antonio: Italian statesman, twice premier (1955-57, 1959-60), and fourth president (1962-64) of Italy.
segoni-kun: mask derived from the antelope form, worn by a member of the Tyiwara society of the Bambara tribe in West Africa. Believed to have great power over agricultural fertility, the ...
Segou: town, south-central Mali, western Africa. It extends for more than 4 miles (6 km) along the right bank of the Niger River. A historic town, it was the first capital ...
Segovia: city and capital of Segovia provincia, in the comunidad autonoma ("autonomous community") of Castile-Leon, Spain, northwest of Madrid. The site of the expansive medieval Alcazar palace and the famous Segovia ...
Segovia: provincia, in the comunidad autonoma ("autonomous community") of Castile-Leon, north-central Spain. It is bounded north and northeast by the provincias of Burgos and Soria, southeast by Guadalajara and Madrid, southwest ...
Segovia aqueduct: water-conveyance structure built under the Roman emperor Trajan (reigned AD 98-117) and still in use; it carries water 10 miles (16 km) from the Frio River to the city of ...
Segovia, Andres: Spanish musician acclaimed as the foremost guitarist of his time. He was the most important force in reestablishing the guitar as a concert instrument in the 20th century, chiefly through ...
Segr, Emilio: Italian-born American physicist who was cowinner, with Owen Chamberlain of the United States, of the Nobel Prize for Physics in 1959 for the discovery of the antiproton, an antiparticle having ...
Segrave, Sir Henry: American-born English automobile and motorboat racer who set three world land speed records.
segregation, racial: the practice of restricting people to certain circumscribed areas of residence or to separate institutions (e.g., schools, churches) and facilities (parks, playgrounds, restaurants, restrooms) on the basis of race or ...
Seguela: town, west-central Cote d'Ivoire (Ivory Coast), at the intersection of the Man-Bouake and Boundiali-Daloa roads. It has a rice-processing plant and is the chief trade centre (rice, cassava, maize [corn], ...
seguidilla: Spanish folk dance with many regional variants; also, a verse form widely used in Spanish folk song. The dance is a courtship dance of proud demeanour, with small springing steps, ...
Seguier, Pierre: chancellor of France under kings Louis XIII and Louis XIV, in the critical period during which monarchical power was consolidated.
Seguin, Edouard: French-born American psychiatrist who pioneered modern educational methods for teaching the severely retarded.
Seguin, Marc, The Elder: French engineer and inventor of the wire-cable suspension bridge and the tubular steam-engine boiler.
Segura River: river in southeastern Spain. It rises in the Segura Mountains in Jaen province and flows east through the driest region of the Iberian Peninsula to enter the Mediterranean Sea south ...
Sehested, Hannibal: statesman who achieved partial autonomy for Norway under Denmark and who laid the basis for the modernization of Denmark's administrative system.
Sehore: town, western Madhya Pradesh state, central India. A former British cantonment, the town served as the headquarters of the British Bhopal Agency. The town is located near the confluence of ...