island, largest of the Azores, in the North Atlantic Ocean, 740 miles (1,190 km) west of Cape Roca, Portugal. Up to 40 miles (65 km) long and 9 miles (15 ...
island of Cape Verde, in the Atlantic Ocean, between the islands of Santa Luzia and Boa Vista, about 400 miles (640 km) off the West African coast. Of volcanic origin ... [1 Related Articles]
estado (state) of southeastern Brazil, bordering on the Atlantic Ocean to the southeast and bounded by the states of Minas Gerais (northeast), Rio de Janeiro (east), Parana (southwest), and Mato ...
city, capital of Sao Paulo estado (state), southeastern Brazil. It is the foremost industrial centre in Latin America. The city is located on a plateau of the ... [5 Related Articles]
(from the article "Football") ...the Libertadores de America Cup (South America's major club competition) was an all-Brazilian affair for the second straight year as Porto Alegre's Internacional defeated cup defender Sao Paulo Football Club ...
(from the article "Brazil") ...Bolstered by increased corporate transparency and a sequence of attractive initial public offerings-many of them in the fast-growing biofuels sector-the Sao Paulo Stock Market (Bovespa) opened the year at 45,382 ...
(from the article "Selected universities and colleges of the world") ...on an island in Rio's Guanabara Bay. The universities of Minas Gerais and Rio Grande do Sul are the next largest federal institutions, followed by those of several cities in ...
(from the article "Sao Francisco River") ...to the north. The upper rapids are navigable during periods of high water, but below Petrolina the river is impassable. The broken course-during which the Sao Francisco receives the Sao ...
headland on the northeastern Atlantic coast of Brazil, Rio Grande do Norte state, 20 miles (32 km) north of Natal, the state capital. It is frequently called the easternmost point ...
(from the article "Lisbon") ...after the 1755 earthquake. In gold, marble, carved wood, and rare tiles, these interiors are decorated in Baroque, Rococo, or rocaille style. One outstanding example is the 16th-century church of ...
largest and most populous island of Cape Verde, in the Atlantic Ocean, about 400 miles (640 km) off the West African coast. The land rises to its highest elevation at ... [1 Related Articles]
(from the article "Gama, Vasco da") ...surrounds the reception of da Gama on his return by King Manuel. Da Gama seemingly felt himself inadequately recompensed for his pains. Controversy broke out between the Admiral and the ...
(from the article "Sao Tome and Principe") Area: 1,001 sq km (386 sq mi) | Population (2007 est.): 158,000 | Capital: Sao Tome | Chief of state: President Fradique de Menezes | Head of government: Prime Minister ...
country of central Africa, located on the Equator in the Gulf of Guinea. It consists of two main islands (Sao Tome and Principe) and several rocky islets, including Rolas, south ... [18 Related Articles]
national flag consisting of horizontal stripes of green, yellow, and green with a red hoist triangle and two black stars on the yellow stripe. The flag has a width-to-length ratio ...
(from the article "Sao Tome and Principe") This discussion focuses on Sao Tome and Principe since the late 15th century. For a treatment of the country in its regional context, see Central Africa.independence movement
(from the article "Sao Tome and Principe") Sao Tome, which is oval in shape, is larger than Principe, which lies about 90 miles (145 km) northeast of its sister island. The capital of the country, Sao Tome ...
(from the article "Sao Tome and Principe") ...volcanic mountains fall precipitously to the sea, although neither island has witnessed any volcanic activity in recent centuries. The mountains descend gradually to small plains in the northeast. Sao Tome ...
headland on the Atlantic coast of eastern Brazil, Rio de Janeiro state, 25 miles (40 km) southeast of Campos. It was formed by sediments deposited by the Paraiba do Sul ...
city, southeastern Sao Paulo estado (state), Brazil. It lies on Sao Vicente Island and adjoins Santos city in Santos Bay, forming part of the greater Santos metropolitan area. Although the ... [3 Related Articles]
island of Cape Verde, in the Atlantic Ocean, between the islands of Santo Antao and Santa Luzia, about 400 miles (640 km) off the western African coast. It has an ... [1 Related Articles]
river that rises near Viomenil, southwest of Epinal, in eastern France, and flows generally southward to join the Rhone River at Lyon. From its source it flows southwestward into Haute-Saone ... [4 Related Articles]
(from the article "Burgundy") region of France encompassing the central departements of Cote-d'Or, Saone-et-Loire, Nievre, and Yonne. Burgundy is bounded by the regions of Ile-de-France ...
in Zoroastrian eschatology, final saviour of the world and quencher of its evil; he is the foremost of three saviours (the first two are Oshetar and Oshetarmah) who are all ... [4 Related Articles]
(from the article "Sao Tome and Principe") Standard Portuguese is the official language and is understood by virtually all islanders. In addition, three Portuguese-based creoles are spoken: Saotomense, spoken by the Forros and having by far the ...
(from the article "Computers and Information Systems") ...Solutions for $3.3 billion. Hyperion provided "business-intelligence" software that analyzed corporate data to reveal business trends. Following Oracle's move, German software firm SAP bought Business Objects, another business-intelligence software company, ...
watery fluid of plants. Cell sap is a fluid found in the vacuoles (small cavities) of the living cell; it contains variable amounts of food and waste materials, inorganic salts, ... [4 Related Articles]
any of at least 2,000 species of beetles (insect order Coleoptera) usually found around souring or fermenting plant fluids (e.g., decaying fruit, moldy logs, fungi). Sap beetles are about 12 ... [1 Related Articles]
(from the article "Turkmenistan") ...consistency and decisiveness. In May the president dismissed Yolly Gurbanmuradov, the deputy prime minister responsible for the oil and natural gas industries, and in July longtime presidential aide Rejep Saparov ...
town and port, Delta state, southern Nigeria. It lies along the Benin River just below the confluence of the Ethiope and Jamieson rivers, 98 miles (158 km) from the Escravos ...
(from the article "Sea Islands") ...claimed against James Oglethorpe; it later came into the possession of Button Gwinnett, one of Georgia's three signers of the Declaration of Independence. In the antebellum period, almost all of ...
(from the article "Harlem Globetrotters") The team was organized in Chicago in 1926 as the all-black Savoy Big Five. Sports promoter Abe Saperstein acquired the team soon after and owned it until his death in ...
(from the article "nervous system, human") ...surfaces of the thigh are served by branches of the anterior division of the femoral nerve. The posterior division of the femoral nerve provides sensory fibres to the inner surface ...
(from the article "human cardiovascular system") ...venous arch, which crosses the top of the foot not far from the base of the toes. The arch is connected with veins that drain the sole. Superficially the lower ...
(from the article "Sapindales") Sapindaceae, or the soapberry family, with about 135 genera and some 1,600 species, occurs mainly in the tropical areas of the world and is especially abundant in the American tropics. ...
order of dicotyledonous flowering plants, containing 9 families, about 460 genera, and some 5,700 species of shrubs, woody vines, and trees. It includes the Citrus genus and other species important ...
(from the article "Sapindales") The fruits of Sapindus saponaria (soapberry), a tropical American species, contain saponins (chemical substances that produce soapy lather in water) and are used as soap. The genus name Sapindus means ...
one of the foremost American linguists and anthropologists of his time, most widely known for his contributions to the study of North American Indian languages. A founder of ethnolinguistics, which ... [12 Related Articles]
(from the article "Malawi") ...69° F (21° C). On the Nyika Plateau and on the upper levels of the Mulanje Massif, frosts are not uncommon in July. Annual rainfall is highest over parts of ...
(from the article "tallow tree") ...coated with vegetable tallow from which candles and soap are made. It is a member of a 120-species genus of tropical trees, including S. jenmanii, of Guyana, which is a ...
(from the article "tallow tree") ...seeds and elsewhere as an ornamental. The seeds are thickly coated with vegetable tallow from which candles and soap are made. It is a member of a 120-species genus of ...
(species Manilkara zapota, or Achras zapota), tropical evergreen tree of a genus of about 80 species in the family Sapotaceae and its distinctive fruit. Though of no great commercial importance ... [3 Related Articles]
any of a class of organic compounds occurring in many species of plants as derivatives of the steroid and the triterpenoid groups in the form of their glycosides, the saponins ... [2 Related Articles]
(from the article "sperm oil") ...lubricants that resisted extreme pressures. These were commonly used in mechanical transmissions, high-speed machinery, and precision instruments. The oil was also hardened to make textile sizings. Saponification yielded fatty acids ...
any of numerous substances, occurring in plants, that form stable foams with water, including the constituents of digitalis and squill that affect the heart and another group that does not ... [3 Related Articles]
(from the article "Ericales") Sapotaceae is a largely tropical family of evergreen trees and shrubs. There are 53 genera and about 1,100 species in the family, but generic limits in the family are notoriously ...
(species Pouteria sapota), plant of the sapodilla family (Sapotaceae), native to Central America but cultivated as far north as the southeastern United States. It grows to about 23 metres (75 ...
British soldier and novelist who won immediate fame with his thriller Bull-Dog Drummond (1920), subtitled "The Adventures of a Demobilized Officer Who Found Peace Dull." Sapper published numerous popular sequels, ...
military engineer. The name is derived from the French word sappe ("spadework," or "trench") and became connected with military engineering during the 17th century, when attackers dug covered trenches to ...
(from the article "prosody") A metrical paradigm much used by both Greek and Latin poets was the so-called Sapphic stanza. It consisted of three quantitative lines that scanned
transparent to translucent, natural or synthetic variety of corundum (q.v.; aluminum oxide, Al2O3) that has been highly prized as a gemstone since about 800 BC. Its colour is due mainly ... [7 Related Articles]
(from the article "horse sugar") either of two shrubs or small trees in the genus Symplocos, with 320 species, of the family Symplocaceae. S. paniculata, also known as sapphire berry, is a shrub or small ...
Greek lyric poet greatly admired in all ages for the beauty of her writing style. She ranks with Archilochus and Alcaeus, among Greek poets, for her ability to impress readers ... [5 Related Articles]
(from the article "valley") Sapping is a process of hillslope or scarp recession by the undermining of an overlying resistant material in the form of weathering or water flow occurring in an underlying less-resistant ...
capital, Hokkaido do (territory), Japan, on the Ishikari-gawa (Ishikari River). Laid out in 1871, with wide, tree-lined boulevards intersecting each other at right angles, the city was made the prefectural ...
(from the article "Olympic Games") After two unsuccessful attempts to secure the Olympics, Sapporo was finally awarded the 11th Winter Games, and the Japanese government spent a great deal of money to create a memorable ...
(from the article "Italy") ...the democratic movement and discouraged its most dedicated adherents. Mazzini faced complete isolation for his support of an expedition to the southern mainland to incite insurrection, known as the Sapri ...
(from the article "plant disease") Saprogenesis is the part of the pathogen's life cycle when it is not in vital association with living host tissue and either continues to grow in dead host tissue or ...
(from the article "malachite green") ...medicinally in dilute solution as a local antiseptic. Malachite green is effective against fungi and gram-positive bacteria. In the fish-breeding industry it has been used to control the fungus Saprolegnia, ...
(from the article "fungus") Marine, parasitic on prawns and lobsters; mycelia penetrate exoskeleton; example genus is Haliphthoros.Parasitic or saprobic; some cause root rot, others infect fish and fish eggs; mostly eucarpic, ...
(from the article "aluminum processing") ...apatite and alunite in Europe, kaolinite in the southeastern United States. Other nonbauxite sources of alumina are also available: alumina clays, dawsonite, aluminous shales, igneous rocks, and saprolite and sillimanite ...
unconsolidated sedimentary deposit rich in bituminous substances. It is distinguished from peat in being rich in fatty and waxy substances and poor in cellulosic material. When consolidated into rock, sapropel ... [2 Related Articles]
hydrogen-rich coal, including cannel coal and boghead coal (see torbanite), derived from sapropels (loose deposits of sedimentary rock rich in hydrocarbons) and characterized by a dull black, sometimes waxy lustre. ...
(from the article "angiosperm") ...(primary producers) that use solar radiation, carbon dioxide, water, and minerals to synthesize organic compounds; oxygen is a by-product of these metabolic reactions. The few exceptions are either saprophytes (e.g., ...
(from the article "animal disease") ...and invertebrate animals are required as intermediate hosts in the transmission to humans of metazoonoses; arboviral and trypanosomal diseases are good examples of metazoonoses. The cycles of saprozoonoses (for example, ...
jurist and statesman important in the progress of British India toward self-government. For his integrity and wisdom he was trusted both by the British government and by Indian intellectual and ... [1 Related Articles]
either of two species of North American woodpeckers of the family Picidae (order Piciformes), noted for drilling holes in neat close rows through the bark of trees to obtain sap ...
(Sanskrit: "Seven Divine Mothers"), in Hinduism, a group of seven mother-goddesses, each of whom is the sakti, or female counterpart, of a god. They are Brahmani, Mahesvari, Kaumari, Vaisnavi, Varahi, ...
city, seat (1907) of Creek county, northeastern Oklahoma, U.S. In 1886 the Frisco Railroad reached the site that the railroad men called Sapulpa, the name of a Creek Indian family ...
outer, living layers of the secondary wood of trees, which engage in transport of water and minerals to the crown of the tree. The cells therefore contain more water and ... [3 Related Articles]
in medieval Muslim Spain, Slavs, or people from the Black Sea coast north of Constantinople. Later, by extension, the term came to designate all foreign slaves in the military.
(from the article "Atlas Mountains") ...Onk and El Kouif. Lead and zinc also have become important. In Tunisia the High Tell mountains produce phosphate at Al-Qal'ah al-Jarda', iron ore from Mount Djerissa, and lead from ...
part of the necropolis of the ancient Egyptian city of Memphis, 15 miles (24 km) southwest of Cairo and west of the modern Arab village of Saqqarah. The site extends ... [6 Related Articles]
(from the article "Iran, ancient") ...ancient Gur, also in Fars-are two reliefs of Ardashir I, one depicting the overthrow of Artabanus V, the other depicting an investiture scene. Not far away, in the valley at ...
mountain range in western Macedonia, one of the most rugged and impassable in the Balkans, extending northeast-southwest for about 47 miles (75 km). A southern continuation along the Albanian frontier, ... [1 Related Articles]
cluster of peoples living on the fringe of the southern Sudan, especially in the northwestern regions of the Central African Republic and the south-central area surrounding Sarh, south of Lake ... [2 Related Articles]
town, central Thailand, northeast of Bangkok. Sara Buri (locally called Pak Phrieo) is on the south bank of the Pa Sak River. Its economy is based on textile, metalworking, food-manufacturing, ...
major American producer of frozen baked goods, fresh and processed meats, coffee, hosiery and knitwear, and household and shoe-care products. It is headquartered in Chicago.
(from the article "Heriz carpet") Different phases of this production and individual subvarieties have been sold in the West under specific village names, such as Sarab (or Serapi), which has light, rather bright colour schemes; ...
originally, a dance considered disreputable in 16th-century Spain, and, later, a slow, stately dance that was popular in France. Possibly of Mexican origin or perhaps evolved from a Spanish dance ... [1 Related Articles]
(from the article "Italy") ...to "avenge" the victims of the 1898 repression. The new king, Victor Emmanuel III, favoured a return to constitutional government, as did the governments led by Pelloux's successors, Giuseppe Saracco, ...
in the Middle Ages, any person-Arab, Turk, or other-who professed the religion of Islam. Earlier in the Roman world, there had been references to Saracens (Greek: Sarakenoi) by late classical ... [10 Related Articles]
(from the article "South Asian arts") There has been an important revival of interest in drama in Sri Lanka since independence. E.R. Sarachchandara, a scholar of traditional Ceylonese theatre, has been responsible for a major breakthrough ...
(from the article "Advances in Battlefield Medicine") Studies of historical casualty rates have shown that about one-half of military personnel killed in action died from the loss of blood and that up to 80% of those died ...
writing system used for the Kashmiri language by the educated Hindu minority in Kashmir and the surrounding valleys. It is taught in the Hindu schools there but is not used ... [2 Related Articles]
statesman and founder of the Socialist Party of Italian Workers (PSLI), who held many ministerial posts from 1944 to 1964, when he became president of the Italian Republic (1964-71).
(from the article "Europe, history of") ...epic achievement. Similar hopes inspired Spanish exploitation of the discovery by Christopher Columbus of the Caribbean outposts of the American continent in 1492. The Treaties of Tordesillas and Saragossa in ...
in the Old Testament, wife of Abraham and mother of Isaac. Sarah was childless until she was 90 years old. God promised Abraham that she would be "a mother of ... [3 Related Articles]
(from the article "Tobit") Concurrent with Tobit's story is that of Sarah, daughter of Tobit's closest relative, whose seven successive husbands were each killed by a demon on their wedding night. When Tobit and ...
(from the article "animal learning") ...reason inductively or by analogy. Indeed, analogical reasoning problems (black is to white as night is to -?) form a staple ingredient of some IQ tests. One chimpanzee, a mature ...
(from the article "Brunei") A gala royal wedding took place with much pomp and pageantry as Crown Prince Haji Al-Muhtadee Billah married Sarah binti Pengiran Salleh Ab Rahman, the daughter of a Bruneian father ...
(from the article "Macquarie Harbour") ...Lachlan Macquarie, then governor of New South Wales. In 1821 the coastal area was chosen for a penal colony to punish transported convicts who had further misbehaved. This settlement, centring ...
(from the article "Silurian Period") ...through subareal exposure; a network of extensive tidal channels was developed across a formerly much deeper shelf in Wales. Close to the edge of the Gondwanan ice sheet in Saudi ...
(from the article "Russia") This multinational commercial empire was unstable. Early in the history of the Golden Horde, the khans of Sarai, who tended to reflect the interests of the Volga tribes, were challenged ...
(from the article "India") In the northern parts of the Indus system, the earliest known settlements are substantially later than Mehrgarh. For example, at Sarai Khola (near the ruins of Taxila in the Pakistan ...
city, southern Bihar state, northeastern India. The city is a road and agricultural-trade centre located on an undulating plain with copper, iron-ore, asbestos, and limestone deposits. Saraikela was the capital ...
