| | - Sangamon Interglacial Stage
- major division of Pleistocene time and deposits in North America (the Pleistocene Epoch began about 1,600,000 years ago and ended about 10,000 years ago). The Sangamon Interglacial follows the Illinoian ...
- Sangamon River
- river in central Illinois, U.S. It rises near Ellsworth in McLean county and flows briefly southeast. It then curves southwest, bending around Decatur, where a dam impounds Lake Decatur, and ...
- Sangareddi
- town, administrative headquarters of Medak district, Andhra Pradesh state, southern India, on the Deccan Plateau near the Manjra River. The town has mainly an agricultural economy (rice, sugarcane, and oilseeds) ...
- sangat
- (from the article "Sikhism") ...He also replaced the manjis with masands (vicars), who were charged with the care of defined sangats (congregations) and who at ...
- Sangay
- (from the article "Major volcanoes of the world") ...(18,714 feet [5,704 metres]), Cotopaxi-the world's highest active volcano-(19,347 feet [5,897 metres]), Chimborazo (20,702 feet [6,310 metres]), Altar (17,451 feet [5,319 metres]), and Sangay (17,158 feet [5,230 metres]). These are ...
- Sangay National Park
- (from the article "Principal national parks of the world") ...small, hard ball back and forth with a bare (or rarely, gloved) fist, a widespread attraction on Sunday afternoons in Quito and San Antonio de Ibarra. National parks and nature ...
- Sanger method
- (from the article "DNA sequencing") ...by and named for American molecular biologists Allan M. Maxam and Walter Gilbert, and the Sanger method, discovered by English biochemist Frederick Sanger. In the most commonly used method, the ...
- Sanger, Eugen
- German rocket propulsion engineer whose projected "antipodal bomber," with a range far greater than that made possible by its fuel capacity alone, greatly interested the major Western governments and the ... [1 Related Articles]
- Sanger, Frederick
- English biochemist who was twice the recipient of the Nobel Prize for Chemistry. He was awarded the prize in 1958 for his determination of the structure of the insulin molecule. ... [5 Related Articles]
- Sanger, George
- English circus impresario who was the proprietor, with his brother John Sanger, of one of England's biggest circuses in the 19th century. (See also circus: 19th-century developments.) [2 Related Articles]
- Sanger, John
- English circus impresario who was, with his brother George Sanger, the proprietor of one of the largest and most important English circuses in the 19th century. (See also circus: 19th-century developments.) [1 Related Articles]
- Sanger, Larry
- (from the article "Wikipedia") ...bond trader, moved to San Diego, Calif., to establish Bomis, Inc., a Web portal company. In March 2000, Wales founded Nupedia, a free online encyclopaedia, with Larry ...
- Sanger, Margaret
- founder of the birth-control movement in the United States and an international leader in the field. She is credited with originating the term birth control. [4 Related Articles]
- Sanggabuwana, Mount
- (from the article "Jawa Barat") The landscape of Jawa Barat is dominated by a chain of volcanoes, both active and extinct, that from west to east includes Mounts Sanggabuwana, Gede, Pangrango, Kendang, and Tjereme. The ...
- Sanggan River
- river in Shanxi and Hebei provinces, part of the Hai River system, northwestern China. The Sanggan River is formed from source streams that rise close to Ningwu, near the Great ... [1 Related Articles]
- sangha
- Buddhist monastic order, traditionally composed of four groups: monks, nuns, laymen, and laywomen. The sangha is a part-together with the Buddha and the dharma (teaching)-of the Threefold Refuge, a basic ... [8 Related Articles]
- Sangha River
- tributary of the Congo River, formed by the Mambere and Kadei headstreams at Nola, southwestern Central African Republic. The Sangha River flows 140 miles (225 km) south to Ouesso in ... [1 Related Articles]
- Sanghamittha
- (from the article "Sri Lanka") ...The king donated the Mahamegha park to the sangha. Meanwhile, the monastery of Mahavihara was established, and it became the prime centre of Buddhism in Sri Lanka. Mahendra sent for ...
- Sanghar
- town, Sindh province, southern Pakistan. The town is connected by road with the cities of Hyderabad, Karachi, and Sukkur. Sanghar is a market town and has several cotton-textile factories. The ...
- sanghyang
- (from the article "Southeast Asian arts") ...receive the spirits of Rangda and the Barong, and it is the spirits themselves that do battle. Thus the performance is actually more a ritual than a piece of theatre. ...
- Sangihe Islands
- archipelago off the northeastern tip of Celebes (Sulawesi), Indonesia. The islands extend northward from Celebes for about 160 miles (260 km) and have a total area of 408 square miles ...
- Sangkum Reastr Niyum
- (from the article "Norodom Sihanouk") ...Cambodia's independence from France. When French military forces moved back into the region, Sihanouk decided to wait until France's retreat from Indochina, which occurred in 1954. He founded the Sangkum ...
- Sangli
- city, southern Maharashtra state, western India. It lies along the Krishna River, east of Kolhapur on the Pune-Bangalore railway. The city is the former capital (1761-1947) of Sangli state. Its ...
- Sango language
- (from the article "creole languages") Some linguists extend the term creole to varieties that emerged from contacts between primarily non-European languages. Examples from Africa include Sango, a creole based on the Ngbandi language and spoken ...
- Sangoan industry
- sub-Saharan African stone tool industry of Acheulian derivation (see Acheulian industry) dating from the Late Pleistocene Epoch (about 130,000 to 10,000 years ago). It is more or less contemporaneous with ... [4 Related Articles]
- Sangre de Cristo Mountains
- segment of the southern Rocky Mountains, extending south-southeastward for about 250 miles (400 km) from Poncha Pass, in south-central Colorado, U.S., to the low divide southwest of Las Vegas, N.M., ... [3 Related Articles]
- sangria
- (from the article "wine") ...wine, of German origin, is a type of punch made with Rhine wine or other light, dry, white wines, flavoured with the herb woodruff and served chilled and garnished with ...
- Sangro River
- (from the article "Abruzzi") ...present a gradual slope eastward to the narrow Adriatic shoreline. The few small coastal harbours have little economic importance for fishing or commerce. The principal rivers (the Tronto, Pescara, Sangro, ...
- Sangrur
- city, in southeastern Punjab state, northwestern India. The city was founded in the 17th century and became the capital of the former independent state of Jind. In 1948 it became ...
- Sangs-rgyas rgya-mtsho
- (from the article "Tibet") ...ceremonies attributed to the religious kings, by enlarging the nearby monasteries of 'Bras-spungs, Sera, and Dga'-Idan, and by building the superb Potala palace, completed by another great figure, Sangs-rgyas rgya-mtsho, ...
- Sangster, Margaret Elizabeth Munson
- American writer and editor, noted in her day for her stories and books that mingled Christian devotion with homely wisdom.
- Sangster, Robert
- British businessman and Thoroughbred racehorse owner (b. May 23, 1936, Liverpool, Eng.-d. April 7, 2004, London, Eng.), as chief financier of Coolmore Stud, was one of Europe's most successful racehorse ...
- Sanguigni, Battista
- (from the article "Angelico, Fra") ...directed by the master, including Benozzo Gozzoli, the greatest of Fra Angelico's disciples, and Zanobi Strozzi, another pupil better known as a miniaturist, as well as his earliest collaborator, Battista ...
- sanguine
- chalk or crayon drawing done in a blood-red, reddish, or flesh colouring. The pigment employed is usually a chalk or clay containing some form of iron oxide. Sanguine was used ... [1 Related Articles]
- sanguine temperament
- (from the article "humour") ...their physical and mental qualities, and their dispositions. The ideal person had the ideally proportioned mixture of the four; a predominance of one produced a person who was sanguine (Latin ...
- Sanguineti, Edoardo
- (from the article "Italian literature") ...Carla (1960; "The Girl Carla"), a longish poem incorporating found materials and dramatizing the alienation of a working woman in the modern industrial world; the poet-critic Edoardo Sanguineti, author of ...
- Sanguinetti Cairolo, Julio Maria
- (from the article "Uruguay") Julio Maria Sanguinetti, a Colorado Batllista, was elected president in November 1984 and inaugurated the following March. Sanguinetti attempted to appease the military-and to safeguard against a coup-by sponsoring a ...
- Sangvor
- (from the article "Pamirs") ...intensify over the horseshoe ridges of the lower Pamirs, and bring summer dust storms and subsequent rain to the western mountains. Snowfall is substantial in the western valleys; the village ...
- Sanha, Antonio Artur
- (from the article "Guinea-Bissau") Area: 36,125 sq km (13,948 sq mi) | Population (2004 est.): 1,388,000 | Capital: Bissau | Chief of state: President Henrique Pereira Rosa (acting). | Head of government: Prime ...
- Sanha, Malam Bacai
- (from the article "Guinea-Bissau") ...had held power from 1980 to 1999 and was facing murder charges, would be allowed to stand, but they were both eventually admitted. The other main contender for the five-year ...
- Sanhajah
- (from the article "Islamic world") One particular western Saharan Berber confederation, the Sanhajah, was responsible for the first Berber-directed effort to control the Maghrib. The Sanhajah were camel herders who traded mined salt for gold ...
- sanhedrin
- any of several official Jewish councils in Palestine under Roman rule, to which various political, religious, and judicial functions have been attributed. Taken from the Greek word for council (synedrion), ... [11 Related Articles]
- Sanibel Island
- barrier island, Lee county, southwestern Florida, U.S., about 20 miles (30 km) southwest of Fort Myers. It lies between the Intracoastal Waterway (north) and the Gulf of Mexico (south) and ...
- sanidine
- alkali feldspar mineral, a high-temperature form of potassium aluminosilicate (KAlSi3O8) that sometimes occurs in surface rocks. Sanidine forms colourless or white, glassy, transparent crystals in acidic volcanic rocks. [5 Related Articles]
- sanidinite facies
- one of the major divisions of the mineral facies classification of metamorphic rocks, the rocks of which form under the most intense conditions of contact metamorphism-either at the contacts of ... [1 Related Articles]
- sanitary landfill
- method of controlled disposal of refuse on land. The method was introduced in England in 1912 (where it is called controlled tipping) and involves natural fermentation brought about by microorganisms. ... [6 Related Articles]
- sanitary paper
- (from the article "papermaking") The group of papers known collectively as the sanitary grades include toilet tissue, toweling, facial tissue, and napkins. These grades are made from various proportions of sulfite and bleached kraft ...
- sanitary trap
- (from the article "plumbing") ...the municipal or private sewage system. The venting system consists of pipes leading from an air inlet (usually on the building's roof) to various points within the drainage system; it ...
- sanitation
- (from the article "building construction") Plumbing and sanitation systems in buildings advanced rapidly in this period. Public water-distribution systems were the essential element; the first large-scale example of a mechanically pressurized water-supply system was the ...
- sanitization
- (from the article "antimicrobial agent") A sanitizer is an agent, usually chemical in nature, that is used to reduce the number of microorganisms to a level that has been officially approved as safe. Sanitizers are ...
- Sanity Code
- (from the article "football, gridiron") ...declaring the job plan merely hypocritical (entailing phony jobs that required no work). The job plan bloc prevailed at the NCAA convention in January 1948, passing what became known as ...
- Sanjar
- in full Mu'izz Ad-din Sanjar Seljuq prince of Khorasan from c. 1096 to 1157, whose fame almost eclipses that of the "Great Seljuqs" because of the length of his reign, ... [4 Related Articles]
- Sanjaya Belathiputta
- (from the article "Indian philosophy") ...into material elements, Nigantha Nataputta, who believed in salvation by an ascetic life of self-discipline and hence in the efficacy of deeds and the possibility of omniscience, and, finally, Sanjaya ...
- Sanje mangabey
- (from the article "mangabey") ...the golden-bellied mangabey (C. chrysogaster), which lacks a whorl and has a bright golden orange underside and is restricted to the region south of the Congo River; ...
- Sanjo
- city, central Niigata ken (prefecture), north-central Honshu, Japan. It lies in the deltaic lowlands of the Shinano River, about 20 miles (32 km) south of Niigata city. ...
- Sanjo Sanetomi
- radical court noble who was instrumental in the Meiji Restoration (1868), which ended the 264-year domination of Japan by the Tokugawa family and reestablished ruling authority with the emperor. After ...
- Sanjo, Go-
- 71st emperor of Japan, whose abdication in favour of his son, Kidahito (the emperor Shirakawa), established a precedent for government by retired emperor, thereby contributing to the decline of the ... [3 Related Articles]
- Sanjurjo, Jose
- (from the article "Spain") Sedition from the right came to a head in General Jose Sanjurjo's pronunciamiento in Sevilla (Aug. 10, 1932). Politically more dangerous than Sanjurjo's abortive coup, however, were ...
- Sanka
- outcaste group of people in Japan. The Sanka are sometimes called the Japanese Gypsies, wandering in small bands through the mountainous regions of Honshu. They are not distinguishable in either ...
- Sankanbiriwa
- (from the article "Guinea Highlands") ...mountain ranges rise above its surface, including the Nimba Range (Mount Nimba, 5,748 feet [1,752 m]) and Sierra Leone's Loma Mountains (Mount Loma Mansa, 6,391 feet [1,948 m]) and Tingi ...
- Sankara
- philosopher and theologian, most renowned exponent of the Advaita Vedanta school of philosophy, from whose doctrines the main currents of modern Indian thought are derived. He wrote commentaries on the ... [19 Related Articles]
- Sankara Misra
- (from the article "Indian philosophy") ...broadly be divided into two subschools: the Mithila school represented by Vardhamana (Gangesa's son), Paksadhara or Jayadeva (author of Aloka gloss), and Sankara Misra (author of Upaskara); and the Navadvipa ...
- Sankara, Thomas
- (from the article "Burkina Faso, flag of") Captain Thomas Sankara, formerly prime minister, seized control of the government of the Republic of Upper Volta on August 4, 1983, and exactly a year later introduced his program for ...
- Sankaran Nair, Sir Chettur
- Indian jurist and statesman who, despite his independent views and outspokenness, attained high government positions rarely open to Indians in his time. He simultaneously opposed the extreme Indian nationalist movement ...
- Sankei Garden
- (from the article "Tokyo-Yokohama Metropolitan Area") The parks of Yokohama are newer than those of Tokyo, but there are fine ones. The most popular, Yamashita, is on land reclaimed from the bay with debris from the ...
- Sankey, Ira D.
- (from the article "Moody, Dwight L") In 1870 he met Ira D. Sankey, a hymn writer, and with him became noted for contributing to the growth of the "gospel hymn." They made extended evangelical tours in ...
- sankin kotai
- system inaugurated in 1635 in Japan by the Tokugawa shogun (hereditary military dictator) Iemitsu by which the great feudal lords (daimyo) had to reside several months each year in the ... [2 Related Articles]
- Sankisa
- (from the article "Farrukhabad-cum-Fatehgarh") ...the area. Nearby are the ruined tombs of former rulers. The town of Kampil, northwest of the municipality, is mentioned in epics of the 2nd century BC and earlier; it ...
- Sankoh, Foday
- (from the article "Sierra Leone") ...of Liberia (NPFL), led by Charles Taylor. Sierra Leone's army came under attack not only from the NPFL but also from the Revolutionary United Front (RUF), led by former Sierra ...
- Sankore mosque
- (from the article "Timbuktu") ...(the former has since been rebuilt many times, and of the latter no trace remains). The Granada architect Abu Ishaq as-Sahili was then commissioned to design the Sankore mosque, around ...
- Sankore, University of
- (from the article "Musa") The organization and smooth administration of a purely African empire, the founding of the University of Sankore, the expansion of trade in Timbuktu, the architectural innovations in Gao, Timbuktu, Niani, ...
- Sankt Gallen
- canton, northeastern Switzerland, bounded north by Lake Constance (Bodensee); east by the Rhine Valley, which separates it from the Austrian Vorarlberg Bundesland (federal state) and from Liechtenstein; south by the ... [1 Related Articles]
- Sankt Gallen
- town, capital of Sankt Gallen canton, northeastern Switzerland, in the Steinach Valley, just south of Lake Constance (Bodensee). In 612 the Celtic missionary St. Gall founded a hermitage on the ... [3 Related Articles]
- Sankt Johann
- town, west-central Austria, on the broad middle course (Pongau) of the Salzach River southeast of Hallein. It is an Alpine summer and winter resort, with the spectacular Liechtensteinklamm (gorge) and ...
- Sankt Maria im Kapitol
- (from the article "Western sculpture") ...of the body, in contrast to the contemporary crucifix of Gerresheim (before 1000). The so-called Bernward Crucifix at Ringelheim (Germany) is between the two. The reliefs on the wooden doors ...
- Sankt Michael
- basilican church in Hildesheim, Ger., that was built between 1010 and 1033 under Bishop Bernward, famous teacher and confidant of the Holy Roman emperor Otto III. The church is one ... [1 Related Articles]
- Sankt Michaelis
- (from the article "Hamburg") Of Hamburg's five great churches, the most imposing is probably Sankt Michaelis, an 18th-century Baroque-style Protestant church with a rich white-and-gold interior. It was destroyed by fire in 1906, rebuilt, ...
- Sankt Polten
- city, capital of Niederosterreich Bundesland (federal state), northeastern Austria. It lies along the Traisen River between the foothills of the Alps and the Danube River, west of Vienna. [1 Related Articles]
- Sankt Veit
- town, southern Austria. It lies along the Glan River north of Klagenfurt. Sankt Veit was the capital of the duchy of Karnten (Carinthia) until 1518. Its town hall dates from ...
- Sankt Vith
- (from the article "Eupen-et-Malmedy") ...Belgium. Eupen-et-Malmedy lies along the border with Germany and consists of the so-called cantons redimes ("redeemed cantons") of Eupen, Malmedy, and Sankt Vith. Until 1794 the region was part of ...
- Sankt Wolfgang
- town, central Austria. It lies on the east shore of Wolfgang (Aber) Lake in the Salzkammergut lake region, west of Bad Ischl. A cog, or rack, railway ascends the Schafberg ...
- Sankuru River
- main tributary of the Kasai River (itself a tributary of the Congo River) in Congo (Kinshasa), central Africa. About 750 miles (1,200 km) long, it begins in the western highlands ...
- sankyoku
- (from the article "arts, East Asian") ...music (shirabemono), the most important type is the danmono, a variation piece in several sections (dan), each normally of 104-beat length. The term for koto chamber music, sankyoku, means music ...
- Sanliurfa
- city, southeastern Turkey. It lies in a fertile plain and is ringed by limestone hills on three sides. The city is very old and controls a strategic pass to the ... [6 Related Articles]
- Sanlucar de Barrameda
- port city, Cadiz provincia (province), in the comunidad autonoma (autonomous community) of Andalusia, southwestern Spain. It lies on the south bank of the Guadalquivir ...
- Sanmen dam
- (from the article "Huang He") ...(which crosses the Huang He in western Shandong province). Erosion-control measures on the Loess Plateau have reduced the silt load carried downstream. The key project has been the huge dam ...
- Sanmen Gorge
- gorge enclosing one section of the Huang He (Yellow River) in western Henan province, eastern China. The gorge is the site of a large dam and hydroelectric installation. [1 Related Articles]
- Sanmicheli, Michele
- Mannerist architect, especially noted for his original treatment of military fortifications. [2 Related Articles]
- Sanming
- city, west-central Fujian sheng (province), southeastern China. It lies along the Sha River, a southern tributary of the Min River, the valley of which provides the chief ... [1 Related Articles]
- sanna
- (from the article "skandha") ...body (rupa), the manifest form of the four elements-earth, air, fire, and water; (2) sensations, or feelings (vedana); (3) perceptions of sense objects (Sanskrit: samjna; Pali: sanna); (4) mental formations ...
- Sannar Dam
- dam impounding the Blue Nile River for irrigation at the town of Sannar in The Sudan. Completed in 1925, it is 9,925 feet (3,025 m) long with a maximum height ... [3 Related Articles]
- Sannazzaro, Jacopo
- Italian poet whose Arcadia was the first pastoral romance and, until the rise of the Romantic movement, one of the most influential and popular works of Italian literature. [1 Related Articles]
- sanni yakku
- (from the article "South Asian arts") The sanni yakku dance, exorcising the disease demon, has a series of humorous impersonations. One is of the demon as a beautiful woman, then as a pregnant woman, and finally ...
- sannidhatri
- (from the article "India") ...to gauge public opinion. His edicts indicate frequent consultations with his ministers, the ministerial council being a largely advisory body. The offices of the sannidhatri (treasurer), who ...
- Sannin, Jabal
- (from the article "Lebanon") ...(10,131 feet [3,088 metres]) in the north, where the renowned cedars of Lebanon grow in the shadow of the peak. The range then gradually slopes to the south, rising again ...
- Sanniquellie
- town, north-central Liberia, located at the intersection of roads from Monrovia and Cote d'Ivoire (Ivory Coast). A rural administrative centre among the Mano and Malinke (Mandingo), Sanniquellie has secondary schools ...
- Sanno Ichijitsu Shinto
- in Japanese religion, the syncretic school that combined Shinto with the teachings of the Tendai sect of Buddhism. Shinto-Buddhist syncretism developed from the Japanese concept that Shinto deities (kami) were ... [1 Related Articles]
- sannyasi
- in Hinduism, religious ascetic who has renounced the world by performing his or her own funeral and abandoning all claims to social or family standing. Sannyasis, like ... [5 Related Articles]
- Sano
- city, southern Tochigi ken (prefecture), east-central Honshu, Japan. It is situated on the northern edge of the Kanto Plain, on the Watarase River, a tributary of the ...
- Sanofi-Aventis
- French pharmaceutical company founded in 2004 through the merger of Sanofi-Synthelabo SA and a much larger French firm, Aventis. Primarily focused on the development and sale of prescription medications, Sanofi-Aventis ...
- Sanofi-Synthelabo
- (from the article "Economic Affairs") Merger activity in the pharmaceuticals industry was heavy. French drugmaker Sanofi-Synthelabo won a $65 billion takeover bid for its French-German rival, Aventis, to create the world's third largest drug company. ...
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