king of Castile and Leon from 1284 to 1295, second son of Alfonso X. Though ambitious and ruthless, he was also an able politician and a cultivated man.
ancient Phoenician writer. All information about him is derived from the works of Philo of Byblos (flourished AD 100). Excavations at Ras Shamra (ancient Ugarit) in Syria in 1929 revealed ...
archbishop of Canterbury, leader of a group of seven bishops who were imprisoned for opposing policies of the Roman Catholic king James II (reigned 1685-88).
provincia, south-central Cuba, bounded by Nicholas Channel to the north, the Caribbean Sea to the south, Villa Clara and Cienfuegos to the west, and Ciego de Avila to the east. ...
city, capital, Sancti Spiritus province, central Cuba. Founded in 1516 on the Rio Tuinicu, the settlement was moved to the banks of the Rio Yayabo in 1524. It is the ...
in the social sciences, a reaction (or the threat or promise of a reaction) by members of a social group indicating approval or disapproval of a mode of conduct and ...
in religion, a sacred place, set apart from the profane, ordinary world. Originally, sanctuaries were natural locations, such as groves or hills, where the divine or sacred was believed to ...
in architecture, knocker on the outer door of a Christian church. The sanctuary knocker could be a simple metal ring, which accounts for its other name of sanctuary ring, or ...
fiery stone of Indian origin that is shaped like a peach pit and weighs 55 carats. It has a long history and has passed through many royal families. Purchased in ...
mineral, rock, or soil particles that range in diameter from 0.02 to 2 millimetres (0.0008-0.08 inch). Most of the rock-forming minerals that occur on the Earth's surface are found in ...
(Nov. 29, 1864), controversial surprise attack upon a surrendered, partially disarmed Cheyenne Indian camp in southeastern Colorado Territory by a force of about 1,200 U.S. troops, mostly Colorado volunteers, under ...
any of the invertebrate marine animals of the order Clypeastroida (class Echinoidea, phylum Echinodermata) that has a flat, disk-shaped body. It is a species of cake urchin (q.v.), intermediate between ...
any accumulation of sand grains shaped into a mound or ridge by the wind under the influence of gravity. Sand dunes are comparable to other forms that appear when a ...
any of several terrestrial crustaceans of the family Talitridae (order Amphipoda) that are notable for their hopping ability. The European sand flea (Talitrus saltator), which is about 1.5 centimetres (0.6 ...
any insect of the family Phlebotomidae (sometimes considered part of the family Psychodidae) of the order Diptera. The aquatic larvae live in the intertidal zone of coastal beaches, in mud, ...
any of about 18 species of marine fishes of the familes Ammodytidae and Hypotychidae (order Perciformes). Sand lances are slim, elongated, usually silver fishes especially abundant in northern seas. Although ...
type of art that exists in highly developed forms among the Navajo and Pueblo Indians of the American Southwest and in simpler forms among several Plains and California Indian tribes. ...
(1852 and 1854, respectively), conventions between Great Britain and the Voortrekkers, or Afrikaners who made the Great Trek in South Africa; it guaranteed their right to govern themselves without the ...
any of about six species of sharks of the genus Odontaspis (Carcharias of some authorities) and the family Odontaspididae (or Carchariidae). Sand sharks are found in shallow water, usually at ...
city, Tulsa county, northeastern Oklahoma, U.S., near a spring in the Osage Hills. First settled in 1933 by Creek Indians, who called it Adams Springs after U.S. President John Quincy ...
any member of the insect tribe Bembicini of the family Sphecidae (order Hymenoptera). Sand wasps are solitary, stout-bodied insects about 2 to 2.5 centimetres (about 0.8 to 1 inch) long. ...
U.S. astronomer who discovered the first quasi-stellar radio source (quasar), a starlike object that is a strong emitter of radio waves. He made the discovery in collaboration with the U.S. ...
city and port, eastern Sabah, East Malaysia, northeastern Borneo. It is located on an inlet of the Sulu Sea, near the mouth of the Kinabatangan River, on the heavily indented ...
type of footwear consisting of a sole secured to the foot by straps over the instep, toes, or ankle. The oldest known example of a sandal, dating from around 2000 ...
any semiparasitic plant of the genus Santalum (family Santalaceae), especially the fragrant wood of the true, or white, sandalwood, Santalum album. The approximately 10 species of Santalum are distributed throughout ...
brittle, faintly aromatic, translucent resin, usually available in the form of small, pale yellow, dusty tears; it is used as incense and in making a spirit varnish for coating paper, ...
a people living near Kondoa, Tanzania, between the Bubu and Mponde rivers, and speaking one of the three branches of the Khoisan, or click, languages. The Sandawe have been known ...
New Testament scholar, one of the pioneers in introducing to English students and the Anglican world the mass of work done by continental scholars in biblical criticism, particularly through his ...
submerged or partly exposed ridge of sand or coarse sediment that is built by waves offshore from a beach. The swirling turbulence of waves breaking off a beach excavates a ...
either of two species of large trees (Hura crepitans and H. polyandra) in the spurge family (Euphorbiaceae). They are among the largest trees of tropical America and are interesting for ...
any grass of the genus Cenchrus (family Poaceae), consisting of about 20 to 25 species native to warm, sandy areas of North America, North Africa, Asia, Europe, and the South ...
any of certain edible, American Pacific flatfishes of the genus Citharichthys (family Bothidae). As in other flatfishes, sanddabs have both eyes on the same side of the head; as in ...
town, Vestfold fylke (county), southeastern Norway. Located near the mouth of the Oslo Fjord at the head of Sandefjord Fjord, an inlet of the Skagerrak, Sandefjord was established in the ...
member of a Christian sect founded in about 1730 in Scotland by John Glas (1695-1773), a Presbyterian minister in the Church of Scotland. Glas concluded that there was no support ...
(Calidris alba; sometimes Crocethia alba), abundant shorebird, a worldwide species of sandpiper belonging to the family Scolopacidae (order Charadriiformes). Sanderlings nest on barrens near the sea around the North Pole, ...
American professional gridiron football player. In his 10 seasons with the Detroit Lions (1989-98), Sanders led the National Football League (NFL) in rushing four times and was selected every year ...
American business executive, a dapper self-styled Southern gentleman whose white hair, white goatee, white double-breasted suits, and black string ties became a trademark in countries worldwide for Kentucky Fried Chicken.
any of several unrelated marine fishes found along sandy shores. Sandfishes, or beaked salmon, of the species Gonorhynchus gonorhynchus (family Gonorhynchidae) live in shallow to deep Indo-Pacific waters and can ...
any of 16 species of birds of Asian and African deserts, constituting the family Pteroclidae (or Pterocletidae) and usually treated as a suborder, Pterocletes, of the pigeon order, Columbiformes. According ...
town ("parish"), Bracknell Forest unitary authority, historic county of Berkshire, England. It is situated 9 miles (14 km) north of the town and military base of Aldershot. Sandhurst, which lies ...
mountain range in central New Mexico, U.S., northeast of Albuquerque and east of the Rio Grande. Located largely within a part of the Cibola National Forest, the range extends southward ...
one of a Nicaraguan group that overthrew President Anastasio Somoza Debayle in 1979, ending 46 years of dictatorship by the Somoza family. The Sandinistas governed Nicaragua from 1979 to 1990.
also called Augusto Cesar Sandino Nicaraguan guerrilla leader, one of the most controversial figures of 20th-century Central American history. In Nicaragua he became a popular hero and gave his name ...
town, Rogaland fylke (county), southwestern Norway. Located at the head of Ganda Fjord, which is a branch of Bokna Fjord, Sandnes is the chief port for the surrounding Jaeren agricultural ...
city, Swietokrzyskie wojewodztwo (province), southeastern Poland. It is situated on the left bank of the Vistula River above the latter's confluence with the San River.
lowland region, southeastern Poland, located south of the Lublin Uplands and north of the Western Carpathian foothills. It is drained by the Vistula River and its tributary the San River. ...
town and major seaport, southern Myanmar (Burma). It lies along the Bay of Bengal at the mouth of the Sandoway River. An old established settlement, it was reputedly once the ...
any of numerous shorebirds belonging to the family Scolopacidae (order Charadriiformes), which also includes the woodcocks and the snipes. The name sandpiper refers particularly to several species of small to ...
village ("parish") and royal mansion, King's Lynn and West Norfolk borough, administrative and historic county of Norfolk, England. With the surrounding estate of 19,500 acres (7,900 hectares) of sandy heath ...
lithified accumulation of sand-sized grains (0.063 to 2 mm [0.0025 to 0.08 inch] in diameter). It is the second most common sedimentary rock after shale, constituting about 10 to 20 ...
city, seat (1838) of Erie county, northern Ohio, U.S. It lies along Sandusky Bay (Lake Erie's largest natural harbour [there bridged to Port Clinton]), 63 miles (101 km) west of ...
town in the lan (county) of Gavleborg, eastern Sweden, on the north shore of Stor Lake. It developed around an ironworks and steelworks established in 1862; in 1927 it became ...
metropolitan borough, metropolitan county of West Midlands, England, comprising several urban industrial communities just west of the city of Birmingham. Most of the borough-including Wednesbury, West Bromwich, Cradley Heath, Smethwick, ...
town ("parish") at the northern edge of Dover district, administrative and historic county of Kent, England. It lies along the River Stour, 2 miles (3 km) from the sea. Originally ...
in its basic form, slices of meat, cheese, or other food placed between two slices of bread. Although this mode of consumption must be as old as meat and bread, ...
town (township), Barnstable county, southeastern Massachusetts, U.S. It lies along Cape Cod Bay, just east of the town of Bourne, and it includes the villages of East Sandwich, Sandwich, and ...
