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rotational motor ... Rouche, Jacques

rotational motor: (from the article "hydraulic power") ...require a high-force, straight-line motion and so are utilized as brake cylinders in automobiles, control actuators on aircraft, and in devices that inject molten metal into die-casting machines. A rotational ...
rotational quantum number: (from the article "spectroscopy") ...and is given by E_J = J(J + 1)(h²/8pi²I), where h is Planck's constant and J = 0, 1, 2, . . . is the rotational quantum number. Molecular rotational ...
rotational slide: (from the article "landslide") ...involve the displacement of material along one or more discrete shearing surfaces. The sliding can extend downward and outward along a broadly planar surface (a translational slide), or it can ...
rotational spectrum: (from the article "spectroscopy") For observation of its rotational spectrum, a molecule must possess a permanent electric dipole moment and have a vapour pressure such that it can be introduced into a sample cell ...
rotational stress: physiological changes that occur in the body when it is subjected to intense gyrational or centrifugal forces, as in tumbling and spinning. Tumbling and spinning are a hazard to pilots ...
rotational symmetry: (from the article "symmetry") ...of atoms has a certain number of elements of symmetry; i.e., changes in the orientation of the arrangement of atoms seem to leave the atoms unmoved. One such element of ...
rotational time: (from the article "time") The Earth's rotation causes the stars and the Sun to appear to rise each day in the east and set in the west. The apparent solar day is measured by ...
rotative engine: (from the article "energy conversion") Although far more difficult to build, Watt's rotative engine opened up an entirely new field of application: it enabled the steam engine to be used to operate rotary machines in ...
Rotavirus: (from the article "gastroenteritis") Viral gastroenteritis, or viral diarrhea, is perhaps the most common type of diarrhea in the world; rotaviruses, caliciviruses, Norwalk viruses, and adenoviruses are the most common causes. Other forms of ...
rotaxane: (from the article "Physical Sciences") ...cells. It joined a wide array of microscopic gears, shafts, motors, and other microelectromechanical systems that had been produced with nanotechnology. The moving parts of the valve were formed by ...
Rotblat, Sir Joseph: Polish-born British physicist who became a leading critic of nuclear weaponry. He was a founding member (1957), secretary-general (1957-73), and president (1988-97) of the Pugwash Conferences on Science and World ... [3 Related Articles]
rote learning: (from the article "learning theory") ...psychologist Wilhelm Wundt (1832-1920) took a position nearly identical with that of the British empiricist philosophers. Also in Germany, Hermann Ebbinghaus (1850-1909) began to study rote learning of lists of ...
Rotella, Mimmo: Italian artist (b. Oct. 7, 1918, Catanzaro, Italy-d. Jan. 8, 2006, Milan, Italy), was best known for his extravagant "double decollages," which he crafted by ripping posters (particularly movie advertisements) ...
rotenone: (from the article "Agricultural chemicals") ...or sprinkled with lime juice and powdered chili peppers as a snack. Jicama can also be cooked. Although the very young seedpods of the plant are sometimes eaten, the mature ...
Roter Sand Lighthouse: (from the article "lighthouse") ...methods have considerably facilitated the building of lighthouses in the open sea. On soft ground, the submerged caisson method is used, a system applied first in 1885 to the building ...
roth cleas: (from the article "weight throw") sport of throwing a weight for distance or height. Men have long matched strength and skill at hurling objects. The roth cleas, or wheel feat, reputedly was a major test ...
Roth v. United States: (from the article "obscenity") ...for judging obscenity was not the content of isolated passages but rather "whether a publication taken as a whole has a libidinous effect." Two decades later, in Roth United States ...
Roth, David Lee: (from the article "Van Halen") ...Anthony (b. June 20, 1955Chicago, Ill., U.S.), and lead singer David Lee Roth (b. Oct. 10, 1955Bloomington, Ind.). Later members were Sammy...
Roth, Dieter: (from the article "Art and Art Exhibitions") Several important monographic exhibitions provided in-depth examinations of the work of one artist. "Roth Time: A Dieter Roth Retrospective" at the MoMA QNS and P.S.1 Contemporary Art Center, Queens, N.Y., ...
Roth, Eric: (from the article "1994: Other Winners") Original Screenplay: Quentin Tarantino and Roger Avary for Pulp FictionAdapted Screenplay: Eric Roth for Forrest GumpCinematography: John Toll for Legends of the FallArt Direction: Ken Adam for The Madness of ...
Roth, Henry: American teacher, farmer, machinist, and sporadic author whose novel Call It Sleep (1934) was one of the neglected masterpieces of American literature in the 1930s. [3 Related Articles]
Roth, Joseph: journalist and regional novelist who, particularly in his later novels, mourned the passing of an age of stability he saw represented by the last pre-World War I years of the ...
Roth, Klaus Friedrich: German-born British mathematician who was awarded the Fields Medal in 1958 for his work in number theory.
Roth, Patrick: (from the article "Literature") ...to play a game and thereby maintains the unobtrusiveness of his own existence. Most of the other protagonists of Spinnen's stories are German losers trying to preserve their fragile illusions. ...
Roth, Philip: American novelist and short-story writer whose works are characterized by an acute ear for dialogue, a concern with Jewish middle-class life, and the painful entanglements of sexual and familial love. ... [7 Related Articles]
Roth, William Victor, Jr.: American politician (b. July 22, 1921, Great Falls, Mont.-d. Dec. 13, 2003, Washington, D.C.), served in the U.S. Congress for 34 years-in the House of Representatives from 1967 to 1970 ...
Rothaar Hills: southernmost mountain region of the Sauerland in the Middle Rhine Highlands of southeastern North Rhine-Westphalia Land (state), west-central Germany. The round-topped hills reach their highest point at the heath-covered Kahler ...
Rothad II: (from the article "Nicholas I, Saint") The third great ecclesiastical affair of Nicholas' pontificate involved the deposition in 862 of Bishop Rothad II of Soissons by Archbishop Hincmar of Reims, a classic example of the right ...
Rothafel, Samuel: (from the article "Rockettes, the") ...Missouri, billed a group of women dancers as the Missouri Rockets. Following a positive reception locally, the dance team began a nationwide tour. Among their admiring audiences in New York ...
Rothamsted Experimental Station: (from the article "Lawes, Sir John Bennet, 1st Baronet") English agronomist who founded the artificial fertilizer industry and Rothamsted Experimental Station, the oldest agricultural research station in the world.
Rothari: (from the article "Italy") ...at Agilulf's court. Secundus's work, however, seems to have ended after 616, and Paul's knowledge-and thus posterity's-becomes much more fragmentary. Paul says little, for example, about Rothari (636-652) except that ...
Rothe, Richard: Lutheran theologian of the German idealist school, which held, in general, that reality is spiritual rather than material and is discerned by studying ideas rather than things. [1 Related Articles]
Rothenburg ob der Tauber: city, Bavaria Land (state), south-central Germany. The city lies above the deep valley of the Tauber River, on the scenic "romantic route" between Wurzburg and the Bavarian ...
Rothenstein, Sir William: (from the article "Moore, Henry") ...study in sculpture; he took his diploma at the Royal College after two years and spent a third year doing postgraduate work. Moore found a good friend and lifetime supporter ...
Rother: district, administrative county of East Sussex, historic county of Sussex, England. Rother is a mainly rural district in the easternmost part of Sussex surrounding (but not including) the borough of ...
Rother, River: (from the article "Rother") ...coast for 23 miles (37 km) and includes the ancient ports of Winchelsea and Rye and the site of the Battle of Hastings (1066). Bexhill is the administrative seat. The ...
Rotherham: town and metropolitan borough, metropolitan county of South Yorkshire, historic county of Yorkshire, north-central England, at the confluence of the Rivers Don and Rother just north of Sheffield. Rotherham town ... [1 Related Articles]
Rotherham, Alan: English rugby player who was a member of the Oxford University team during their golden age, between 1882 and 1884, and who helped to revolutionize the half-back play. He was ...
Rothermere of Hemsted, Vere Harold Esmond Harmsworth, 3rd Viscount: British media mogul (b. Aug. 27, 1925, London, Eng.--d. Sept. 1, 1998, London), was one of Great Britain's last press barons; he orchestrated a series of bold moves that revived ...
Rothermere, Harold Sidney Harmsworth, 1st Viscount, Baron Rothermere Of Hemsted: British newspaper proprietor who, with his brother Alfred Harmsworth, 1st Viscount Northcliffe, built the most successful journalistic empire in British history and created popular journalism in that country. A shy ...
Rothesay: royal burgh, coastal resort, and chief town of the island of Bute, Argyll and Bute council area, historic county of Buteshire, Scotland, lying on the island's eastern coast near the ...
Rothesay Castle: (from the article "Buteshire") ...habitation from the Neolithic Period (New Stone Age), and at Dunagoil, Bute, there is a fine vitrified fort of the Iron Age. There are remains of numerous chapels of the ...
Rothko, Mark: American painter whose works introduced contemplative introspection into the melodramatic post-World War II Abstract Expressionist school; his use of colour as the sole means of expression led to the development ... [3 Related Articles]
Rothschild family: the most famous of all European banking dynasties, which for some 200 years exerted great influence on the economic and, indirectly, the political history of Europe. The house was founded ... [2 Related Articles]
Rothschild, Alphonse: (from the article "Rothschild family") ...helped to create this true mutation. On the other hand, the Rothschilds were influencing the national economy and politics of their countries as greatly as they were being influenced themselves. ...
Rothschild, Baron Edmond de: (from the article "Ekron") ...its name throughout the centuries, though it survived in the Arab village of 'Aqir, which was first identified with Ekron by the 19th-century American biblical scholar Edward Robinson. In 1883 ...
Rothschild, Baron Elie Robert de: French winemaker took charge (1946) of the family wine estate Chateau Lafite Rothschild, which had been confiscated during the World War II Nazi occupation of France, and restored the chateau ...
Rothschild, Baron Guy de: French banker as the scion of the French branch of the Rothschild international banking dynasty, restored his family's fortunes after their holdings were confiscated during the World War II Nazi ...
Rothschild, James: (from the article "Rothschild family") ...not all of whose members are qualified to run it. Amschel Mayer, Nathan, James, Salomon, and Karl-the founders of the Rothschild consortium-were themselves unequally endowed: Nathan and James stood out ...
Rothschild, Lionel Walter Rothschild, 2nd Baron: British zoologist who became a great collector and founded the Rothschild Natural History Museum in London. The eldest son of Nathan Mayer Rothschild, 1st Baron Rothschild, he received his titles ... [1 Related Articles]
Rothschild, Mayer Amschel: (from the article "Rothschild family") ...famous of all European banking dynasties, which for some 200 years exerted great influence on the economic and, indirectly, the political history of Europe. The house was founded by Mayer ...
Rothschild, Nathan Mayer: (from the article "Rothschild family") ...to compensate to a notable extent for the inevitable risks inherent in handing down a business to future generations not all of whose members are qualified to run it. Amschel ...
Rothschild, Robert: (from the article "Krupp von Bohlen und Halbach, Alfried") ...country conquered by Germany. Already, in 1943, his salesmen were exporting finished machine products from his new Ukrainian plants and selling them in Bulgaria, Turkey, and Romania. When financier Robert ...
Rothstein, Arnold: American big-time gambler, bootlegger, and friend of high-placed politicians and businessmen, who dominated influence-peddling in the 1920s in New York City. He was the prototype for F. Scott Fitzgerald's character ... [1 Related Articles]
Roti Island: island about 10 miles (16 km) southwest of Timor, across the narrow Roti Strait, Nusa Tenggara Timur provinsi (province), Indonesia. Roti lies between the Indian Ocean on the west and ...
Roti language: (from the article "Austronesian languages") ...been questioned by some scholars. Few of the languages are large or well-known, but those for which fuller descriptions are available include Manggarai and Ngadha, spoken on the island of ...
rotifer: any of the approximately 2,000 species of microscopic, aquatic invertebrates that constitute the phylum Rotifera. Rotifers are so named because the circular arrangement of moving cilia (tiny hairlike structures) at ... [4 Related Articles]
Rotimi, Ola: Nigerian scholar, playwright, and director. [2 Related Articles]
rotisserie baseball: (from the article "baseball") Rotisserie baseball was invented in 1980 by author Dan Okrent and a group of baseball-minded friends who regularly met at the Manhattan restaurant Le Rotisserie Francais. They formed the core ...
rotogravure printing: system of printing based on the transfer of fluid ink from depressions in a printing plate to the paper. It is an intaglio process, so-called because the design to be ... [6 Related Articles]
rotoinversion axis: (from the article "mineral") A rotoinversion axis combines rotation about an axis of rotation with inversion. Rotoinversion axes are symbolized as 1, 2, 3, 4, and 6. 1 is equivalent to a centre of ...
Rotonda, Villa: (from the article "Palladio, Andrea") ...or the estate headquarters of a gentleman farmer. Included in the former category are the least typical and most widely copied of Palladio's villa designs, the villa for Giulio Capra, ...
Rotondi, Michael: (from the article "Mayne, Thom") ...in architecture from the University of Southern California in 1968, Mayne had a brief career in urban planning, working under noted civic planner Victor Gruen. In 1972 Mayne and fellow ...
rotor: (from the article "electric generator") An elementary synchronous generator is shown in cross section in Figure 2. The central shaft of the rotor is coupled to the mechanical prime mover. The magnetic field is produced ...
rotor: (from the article "helicopter") Unlike fixed-wing aircraft, the helicopter's main airfoil is the rotating blade assembly (rotor) mounted atop its fuselage on a hinged shaft (mast) connected with the vehicle's engine and flight controls. ...
rotor: (from the article "lee wave") ...The strongest up current then occurs not over the wind-facing slope but at the front of the first lee wave. If the lee slope is very steep and high, the ...
rotor: (from the article "gasoline engine") ...and experimental units were built and tested by a German firm beginning in 1956. Instead of pistons that move up and down in cylinders, the Wankel engine has an equilateral ...
rotor cipher machine: (from the article "cipher") Advances in radio communications and electromechanical technology in the 1920s brought about a revolution in cryptodevices-the development of the rotor cipher machine. One common type of rotor system implemented product ...
rotor kite: (from the article "kite") ...rigid members, used by the skydiver as a parachute, assumes its efficient flying profile entirely from the wind's inflating the air channels along the leading edge. Another deviation in form ...
rotor spinning: (from the article "cotton") Faster production methods include rotor spinning (a type of open-end spinning), in which fibres are detached from the card sliver and twisted, within a rotor, as they are joined to ...
Rotorua: city ("district"), north-central North Island, New Zealand. It lies at the southwestern end of Lake Rotorua, for which it is named. Founded in the early 1870s, it was constituted a ... [1 Related Articles]
Rotorua, Lake: lake in north-central North Island, New Zealand, and largest of a group of about 20 lakes, including Rotoiti and Tarawera, that were formerly called the Hot Lakes. The lake is ...
Rotorua-Taupa Basin: (from the article "caldera") ...rocks. They therefore are referred to as volcano-tectonic depressions. Their collapse also appears to be at least partly related to the rapid extrusion of large amounts of lava. Examples are ...
Rotorvane: (from the article "tea") ...into strips. The crushing, tearing, and curling (CTC) machine consists of two serrated metal rollers, placed close together and revolving at unequal speeds, which cut, tear, and twist the leaf. ...
rotoscoping: (from the article "animation") Max and Dave Fleischer had become successful New York animators while Disney was still living in Kansas City, Missouri. The Fleischers invented the rotoscoping process, still in use today, in ...
Rotrou, Jean de: one of the major French Neoclassical playwrights of the first half of the 17th century. He shares with Pierre Corneille the credit for the increased prestige and respectability that the ... [1 Related Articles]
rotta: medieval European stringed musical instrument. The name is frequently applied to the boxlike lyres with straight or waisted sides frequently pictured in medieval illustrations of musical instruments. Some surviving writings, ... [1 Related Articles]
rotten borough: depopulated election district that retains its original representation. The term was first applied by English parliamentary reformers of the early 19th century to such constituencies maintained by the crown or ... [6 Related Articles]
Rotten, Johnny: (from the article "Sex Pistols, the") ...movement of the late 1970s and who, with the song "God Save the Queen," became a symbol of the United Kingdom's social and political turmoil. The original members were Johnny ...
Rotterdam: major European port and second largest city of The Netherlands. It lies about 19 miles (30 km) from the North Sea, to which it is linked by a canal called ... [6 Related Articles]
Rotterdam: town (township), Schenectady county, eastern New York, U.S. It adjoins the city of Schenectady south of the Mohawk River. The Jan Mabie House (1671) recalls early Dutch colonial settlement, as ...
Rotterdam Convention: (from the article "The Environment") The Rotterdam Convention on trade in dangerous chemicals came into force in February, requiring exporters of any of 27 designated substances to obtain prior informed consent from the importing country ...
Rotterdam Junction: (from the article "Rotterdam") ...settlement, as does the town's official seal, which is identical with that of Rotterdam, Netherlands. Rotterdam was formerly part of Schenectady and was separately incorporated as a town in 1821. ...
Rottmayr, Johann Michael: (from the article "painting, Western") ...Sotnovosky, Bohemia possessed a painter of European stature; his sombre portraits and religious scenes are filled with a deeply serious mystical fervour. The frescoes by Johann Michael Rottmayr in the ...
Rottnest Island: Australian island in the Indian Ocean, lying 12 miles (19 km) northwest of Fremantle (at the mouth of the Swan River, near Perth), Western Australia. A coastal limestone fragment, the ...
Rottweil: (from the article "Switzerland") ...rule. Without becoming full members of the confederation, rural areas such as Appenzell (1411), republican towns such as Sankt Gallen (1454), Schaffhausen (1454), Mulhouse in Alsace (1466), and Rottweil in ...
Rottweiler: breed of working dog descended from a cattle dog left by the Roman legions in Rottweil, Ger. The Rottweiler accompanied local butchers on buying expeditions from the Middle Ages to ...
Rotuma Island: island dependency of Fiji, South Pacific Ocean, 400 miles (640 km) north-northwest of Suva. Rotuma is a volcanic island surrounded by eight islets. Sighted in 1791 by the British naval ... [1 Related Articles]
Rotuman language: (from the article "Austronesian languages") ...languages that are separated by some 5,000 miles of sea, appear to be about as closely related as Dutch and German. The closest external relatives of the Polynesian languages are ...
rotunda: in Classical and Neoclassical architecture, building or room within a building that is circular or oval in plan and covered with a dome. The ancestor of the rotunda was the ... [2 Related Articles]
Rotunda: (from the article "calligraphy") ...and became widely used in both type and calligraphy, although the precissa was an earlier and more elegant letter form. In Italy rotunda was ...
Rotunda Hospital: (from the article "Dublin") At the top of O'Connell Street, Bartholomew Mosse constructed his Rotunda Hospital, the "Lying-In," which remains a maternity hospital to this day. The rotunda itself is now the historic Gate ...
Roty, Oscar: (from the article "medal") ...(see below Techniques of production). This invention was crucial to the development of a new Parisian school of the Art Nouveau, founded by Jules-Clement Chaplain (1839-1909) and Louis Oscar Roty ...
Rouaud, Jean: (from the article "Literature") ...a single year, by intrigue, daring, and cruelty, the future emperor managed to take control of the French army in Italy, the first step in attaining his ambitions. In L'Imitation ...
Rouault, Georges: French painter, printmaker, ceramicist, and maker of stained glass who, drawing inspiration from French medieval masters, united religious and secular traditions divorced since the Renaissance. [2 Related Articles]
Roubaix: industrial town, Nord departement, Nord-Pas-de-Calais region, northern France, just northeast of Lille. It is situated on the Canal de Roubaix in the plain of Flanders near the Belgian frontier and ...
Roubaud, Jacques: (from the article "French literature") ...poetry that appealed to this group's egalitarian instincts was as ephemeral as the little magazines in which it appeared during the 1970s, and the "crisis of verse" that Jacques Roubaud ...
Roubiliac, Louis-Francois: together with John Michael Rysbrack, one of the most important late Baroque sculptors working in 18th-century England. [1 Related Articles]
Rouch, Jean: (from the article "Godard, Jean-Luc") ...and a labouring job on a dam, which inspired his first short film, Operation Beton (1954). His ethnological interests link with the influence on his work of ...
Rouch, Jean-Pierre: French documentary filmmaker and ethnologist (b. May 31, 1917, Paris, France-d. Feb. 18, 2004, northern Niger), pioneered the cinema verite style and techniques, notably the use of the hand-held camera. ...
Rouche, Jacques: (from the article "Paris Opera Ballet") The company's decline at the end of the 19th century was arrested by Jacques Rouche, director of the Paris Opera and the Opera-Comique from 1914 to 1944. After the successful ...