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Rampur ... Rankin, Jeannette
Rampur
city, northwestern Uttar Pradesh state, northern India. The city lies along the Kosi River, at a road and rail junction. A trade centre for grain and other agricultural products, its ...
Ramsay, Allan
Scottish-born painter, one of the foremost 18th-century British portraitists.
Ramsay, Allan
Scottish poet and literary antiquary who maintained national poetic traditions by writing Scots poetry and by preserving the work of earlier Scottish poets at a time when most Scottish writers ...
Ramsay, Bertram Home
British naval officer who, during World War II, oversaw the evacuation of British forces from Dunkirk in 1940 and then commanded the naval forces used in the Normandy Invasion (1944).
Ramsay, Sir William
British chemist whose discovery of four of the noble gases (neon, argon, krypton, and xenon) earned him the Nobel Prize for Chemistry in 1904.
Ramsden, Jesse
British pioneer in the design of precision tools.
Ramses I
king of Egypt (reigned 1292-90 BC), founder of the 19th dynasty of Egypt.
Ramses II
third king of the 19th dynasty of Egypt, whose reign (1279-13 BC) was the second longest in Egyptian history. In addition to his wars with the Hittites and Libyans, he ...
Ramses III
king of Egypt (reigned 1187-56 BC), who defended his country against foreign invasion in three great wars, thus ensuring tranquillity during much of his reign. In his final years, however, ...
Ramses IV
king of Egypt (reigned 1156-50 BC) who strove through extensive building activity to maintain Egypt's prosperity in an era of deteriorating internal and external conditions.
Ramses IX
king of Egypt (reigned 1126-08 BC), during whose reign serious civil problems troubled Egypt.
Ramses V
king of Egypt (reigned 1150-45 BC) who died of smallpox, perhaps after his successor dethroned him.
Ramses VI
king of Egypt (reigned 1145-37 BC), who may have seized power after deposing his predecessor during a dynastic struggle.
Ramses VII
king of Egypt (reigned 1137-29 BC), whose reign is known chiefly from several important economics papyri.
Ramses VIII
king of Egypt (reigned 1128-26 BC) whose ephemeral reign occurred immediately after that of Ramses VII and is poorly documented.
Ramses X
king of Egypt (reigned 1108-04 BC), during whose poorly documented reign disorders that had become endemic under his predecessor continued.
Ramses XI
king of Egypt (reigned 1104-1075? BC), last king of the 20th dynasty, whose reign was marked by civil wars involving the high priest of Amon and the viceroy of Nubia. ...
Ramsey
town ("parish"), Huntingdonshire district, administrative county of Cambridgeshire, historic county of Huntingdonshire, England. The town serves an intensively cultivated hinterland on the southwest border of the Fens, a reclaimed region ...
Ramsey, Michael, Baron Ramsey Of Canterbury
archbishop of Canterbury (1961-74), theologian, educator, and advocate of Christian unity. His meeting with Pope Paul VI (March 1966) was the first encounter between the leaders of the Roman Catholic ...
Ramsey, Norman Foster
American physicist who received one-half of the Nobel Prize for Physics in 1989 for his development of a technique to induce atoms to shift from one specific energy level to ...
Ramsgate
town, Thanet district, administrative and historic county of county of Kent, England. It lies on the east coast and is the reputed landing place of the invading Anglo-Saxon warriors Hengist ...
Ramu River
one of the longest rivers in Papua New Guinea, rising in the southeast on the Kratke Range and flowing northwest through the great Central Depression, where it receives numerous streams ...
Ramus, Petrus
French philosopher, logician, and rhetorician.
Ramusio, Giovanni Battista
Italian geographer who compiled an important collection of travel writings, Delle navigationi et viaggi (1550-59; "Some Voyages and Travels"), containing his version of Marco Polo's journey and the Descrittione de ...
Ramuz, Charles-Ferdinand
Swiss novelist whose realistic, poetic, and somewhat allegorical stories of man against nature made him one of the most prominent French-Swiss writers of the 20th century.
Rana
geographic region, Nordland fylke (county), northern Norway, surrounding the Rana channel and the Nordrana Fjord. It is centred on the industrial town of Mo (Mo i Rana) ...
Ranade, Mahadev Govind
one of India's Citpavan Brahmans of Maharashtra who was a judge of the High Court of Bombay, a noted historian, and an active participant in social and economic reform movements.
Ranaivo, Flavien
lyric poet deeply influenced by Malagasy ballad and song forms, in particular the hain-teny, a poetic dialogue usually on the subject of love. Ranaivo also held a number of important ...
Rancagua
capital of Cachapoal provincia and of O'Higgins region, northern central Chile. It lies in the Andean foothills along the Cachapoal River, south of Santiago. Founded as Villa Santa Cruz de ...
Rance River
river, rising in the Landes du Mene, a chain of hills in Cotes-d'Armor departement, western France. It flows for 60 miles (97 km) past Dinan to form an estuary on ...
Rance, Armand-Jean Le Bouthillier de
French abbot who revived the Cistercian abbey of La Trappe, influenced the establishment of several important monasteries, and founded the reformed Cistercians, called Trappists, a community practicing extreme austerity of ...
ranch
a farm, usually large, devoted to the breeding and raising of cattle, sheep, or horses on rangeland. Ranch farming, or ranching, originated in the imposition of European livestock-farming techniques onto ...
ranch house
type of residential building, characteristically built on one level, having a low roof and a rectangular open plan, with relatively little conventional demarcation of living areas.
Ranchi
city, capital of Jharkhand state, northeastern India, lying along the Subarnarekha River. With major rail and road connections, it is the centre of the region's agricultural, cotton, and tea trade. ...
Rancho Cucamonga
city, San Bernardino county, southern California, U.S. Part of the "Inland Empire" region (comprising San Bernardino and Riverside counties), it is located on an alluvial plain near the eastern end ...
rancidity
condition produced by aerial oxidation of unsaturated fat present in foods and other products, marked by unpleasant odour or flavour. When a fatty substance is exposed to air, its unsaturated ...
rand
monetary unit of South Africa. Each rand is divided into 100 cents. The South African Reserve Bank has the exclusive authority to issue coins and banknotes in the country. Coins ...
Rand Daily Mail
former English-language newspaper published in Johannesburg. It crusaded against South Africa's racial segregation but, because of financial losses, ceased publication in 1985.
Rand McNally and Company
American publishers and printers of maps, atlases, globes, and tourist guidebooks; its headquarters are in Skokie, Ill. Founded in 1856 by William H. Rand and Andrew McNally and incorporated in ...
Rand, Ayn
Russian-born American writer who, in commercially successful novels, presented her philosophy of objectivism, essentially reversing the traditional Judeo-Christian ethic.
Rand, Mary Denise
British track-and-field athlete, who won a gold medal in the long jump at the 1964 Olympics in Tokyo to become the first British woman to win an Olympic gold medal ...
Rand, Paul
American graphic designer who pioneered a distinctive American Modernist style.
Rand, Sally
American actress and dancer who achieved fame as a fan dancer and bubble dancer.
Randall, John Herman, Jr.
American historian and philosopher who wrote a series of highly respected works on the history of philosophy.
Randall, Samuel J
U.S. congressman who served for nearly 30 years and who, as speaker of the House of Representatives (1876-81), codified the rules of the House and strengthened the role of speaker.
Randall-MacIver, David
British-born American archaeologist and anthropologist.
Randburg
residential town in Gauteng province, South Africa, bordering Johannesburg to the south. It consists of numerous suburbs that were officially proclaimed a town in 1962. The town has no heavy ...
Randers
city, Arhus amtskommune (county commune), eastern Jutland, Denmark. It lies at the mouth of the Guden River along Randers Fjord, northwest of Arhus. First mentioned in 1086, it was chartered ...
Randfontein
town, Gauteng province, South Africa. It lies west of Johannesburg and is centred on the gold mine first developed by Randfontein Estates Gold Mining Company in 1889. Originally a part ...
Randolph
town (township), Norfolk county, eastern Massachusetts, U.S., 15 miles (24 km) south of Boston. Settled in 1710 as Cochato (named for the Cochato Indians), it was part of Braintree until ...
Randolph, A. Philip
trade unionist and civil-rights leader who was a dedicated and persistent leader in the struggle for justice and parity for the black American community.
Randolph, Edmund Jennings
Virginia lawyer who played an important role in drafting and ratifying the U.S. Constitution and served as attorney general and later secretary of state in George Washington's cabinet.
Randolph, Edward
British royal agent, customs officer, and American colonial official.
Randolph, John
American political leader who was an important proponent of the doctrine of states' rights in opposition to a strong centralized government.
Randolph, Peyton
first president of the U.S. Continental Congress.
Randolph, Thomas
English poet and dramatist who used his knowledge of Aristotelian logic to create a unique kind of comedy.
random walk
in probability theory, a process for determining the probable location of a point subject to random motions, given the probabilities (the same at each step) of moving some distance in ...
Randstad
industrial and metropolitan conurbation occupying an area of peat and clay lowlands, west-central Netherlands. The Randstad ("Ring City") consists of major Dutch industrial cities extending in a crescent (open to ...
Ranelagh
former resort by the River Thames in the borough of Kensington and Chelsea, London. Land east of the Royal Hospital, Chelsea, was bought in 1690 by Richard Jones, 3rd Viscount ...
rangaku
(Japanese: "Dutch learning"), concerted effort by Japanese scholars during the late Tokugawa period (late 18th-19th century) to learn the Dutch language so as to be able to learn Western technology; ...
Rangamati
town, southeastern Bangladesh, situated in the Chittagong Hills region near the Karnaphuli River. Connected by road and river steamer with the city of Chittagong, the town is a rice-milling and ...
Ranganathan, Shiyali Ramamrita
Indian librarian and educator who was considered the father of library science in India and whose contributions had worldwide influence.
range
in radioactivity, the distance that a particle travels from its source through matter. The range depends upon the type of particle, its original energy of motion (kinetic energy), the medium ...
range finder
any of several instruments used to measure the distance from the instrument to a selected point or object. One basic type is the optical range finder modeled after a ranging ...
rangeland
any extensive area of land that is occupied by native herbaceous or shrubby vegetation which is grazed by domestic or wild herbivores. The vegetation of ranges may include tallgrass prairies, ...
Ranger
any of a series of nine unmanned probes launched from 1961 to 1965 by the United States National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). Project Ranger represented NASA's earliest attempt at ...
ranger
in U.S. military usage, a soldier specially trained to act in small groups that make rapid surprise raids on enemy territory. Ranger has also been the designation for the Texas ...
Rangitata River
river in east-central South Island, New Zealand. It is formed by the confluence of the Clyde and Havelock rivers, which rise in the Southern Alps. The river's name is of ...
Rangitikei River
river in southwestern North Island, New Zealand. Rising on the east slopes of the Kaimanawa Mountains, it flows south and southwest for 150 miles (240 km) to enter South Taranaki ...
Rangpur
city, northwestern Bangladesh, on the Ghaghat River. It is an industrial centre noted for the manufacture of dhurries (cotton carpets), bidis (cigarettes), and cigars. Constituted a municipality in 1869, it ...
Ranidae
family of wide-ranging frogs of the order Anura, containing more than 400 species. Representatives occur on every continent except Antarctica. Members of the group are referred to as the true ...
Ranjit Singh
founder and maharaja (1801-39) of the Sikh kingdom of the Punjab.
Rank, J Arthur Rank, Baron
British industrialist who became Great Britain's chief distributor (and one of the world's major producers) of motion pictures.
Rank, Otto
original name Otto Rosenfeld Austrian psychologist who extended psychoanalytic theory to the study of legend, myth, art, and creativity and who suggested that the basis of anxiety neurosis is a ...
Ranke, Leopold von
leading German historian of the 19th century, whose scholarly method and way of teaching (he was the first to establish a historical seminar) had a great influence on Western historiography. ...
Rankin, Jeannette
first woman member of the U.S. Congress (1917-19, 1941-43), a vigorous feminist and a lifetime pacifist and crusader for social and electoral reform.