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round ... Royal Courts of Justice
round
in music, a polyphonic vocal composition in which three or four voices follow each other around in a canon at the unison or octave. See canon; catch.
Round Table
in Arthurian legend, the table of Arthur, Britain's legendary king, which was first mentioned in Wace of Jersey's Roman de Brut (1155). This told of King Arthur's having a round ...
Round Table Conference
(1930-32), in Indian history, a series of meetings called by the British government to consider the future constitution of India. The conference resulted from a review of the working of ...
Round, Henry Joseph
English electronics engineer whose numerous inventions contributed to the development of radio communications.
roundelay
a poem with a refrain that recurs frequently or at fixed intervals, as in a rondel. The term is also loosely used to refer to any of the fixed forms ...
rounders
old English game that never became a seriously competitive sport, although it is probably an ancestor of baseball. The earliest reference to rounders was made in A Little Pretty Pocket-Book ...
Roundhead
adherent of the Parliamentary Party during the English Civil War (1642-51) and after. Many Puritans wore their hair closely cropped in obvious contrast to the long ringlets fashionable at the ...
rounding
in phonetics, the production of a sound with the lips rounded. Vowels, semivowels, and some consonants may be rounded. In English, examples of rounded vowels are o in "note," oo ...
Rourke, Constance Mayfield
U.S. historian who pioneered in the study of American character and culture.
Rous, Peyton
American pathologist whose discovery of cancer-inducing viruses earned him a share of the Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine in 1966.
Rousseau, Henri
French painter who is considered the archetype of the modern naive artist. He is known for his richly coloured and meticulously detailed pictures of lush jungles, wild beasts, and exotic ...
Rousseau, Jean-Baptiste
French dramatist and poet who enjoyed great popularity in the witty and decadent Parisian society of his day.
Rousseau, Jean-Jacques
French philosopher, writer, and political theorist whose treatises and novels inspired the leaders of the French Revolution and the Romantic generation.
Rousseau, Theodore
French painter who was a leader of the Barbizon school of landscape lainters. His direct observation of nature made him an important figure in the development of landscape painting.
Roussel, Albert
French composer who wrote in various styles and whose music is notable for its lyrical fervour, austerity of technique, and harmonic audacity.
Roussillon
historical and cultural region encompassing the southern French departement of Pyrenees-Orientales and coextensive with the former province of Roussillon. Its chief city has always been Perpignan.
router
portable electric power tool used in carpentry and furniture making that consists of an electric motor, a base, two handle knobs, and bits (cutting tools). The motor has a chuck ...
Rouvier, Maurice
French statesman who had some success in balancing the budget during periods of his seven terms as minister of finance and two terms as premier.
Roux, Emile
French bacteriologist noted for his work on diphtheria and tetanus and for his collaboration with Louis Pasteur in the development of vaccines.
Roux, Jacques
French priest who became the leader of the democratic extremists known as the Enrages (literally "Madmen") during the French Revolution.
Roux, Wilhelm
German zoologist whose attempts to discover how organs and tissues are assigned their structural form and functions at the time of fertilization made him a founder of experimental embryology.
Rouyn-Noranda
city, Abitibi-Temiscamingue region, western Quebec province, Canada, on the western shore of Lake Osisko. It is located 315 miles (507 km) northwest of Montreal city. Rouyn and its twin city, ...
Rovaniemi
city, northern Finland, at the junction of the Kemi and Ounas rivers, northeast of Tornio, on the Arctic Circle. Incorporated in 1929, it became the administrative centre of Lappi in ...
rove beetle
any member of the widely distributed insect family Staphylinidae (order Coleoptera), with over 20,000 species.
rove-over
having an extrametrical syllable at the end of one line that forms a foot with the first syllable of the next line. The term is used to describe a type ...
Rovenky
city, Luhansk oblast (province), southeastern Ukraine. Rovenky is 37 miles (60 km) south of the city of Luhansk on the Debaltseve-Likhovsky rail line. It was incorporated as a city in ...
Rovereto
town, Trento provincia, Trentino-Alto Adige regione, northern Italy. Rovereto lies in the Lagarina valley, on the Leno River near its junction with the Adige, south of Trento on the Brenner-Verona ...
Rovigo
city, capital of Rovigo provincia, Veneto regione, northeastern Italy. Rovigo lies along the Adigetto Canal, south of Padua. Mentioned as Rodigo in a document of 838, it was ruled by ...
roving
in archery, form of practice or competition dating from at least the 16th century, when it was practiced by the Honourable Artillery Company at Finsbury Fields near London. Archers set ...
rowan
a deciduous tree, Sorbus aucuparia; it is also called the European mountain ash, or quickbeam. See mountain ash.
Rowan College of New Jersey
public, coeducational institution of higher learning in Glassboro, New Jersey, U.S. It includes the schools of Business, Education, Engineering, Fine and Performing Arts, and Liberal Arts and Sciences. In addition ...
Rowan, Andrew Summers
U.S. Army officer, bearer of the "message to Garcia."
Rowan, Carl
American journalist, writer, and radio and television commentator, who was one of the first African American officers in the U.S. Navy during World War II.
rowboat
boat propelled by oars alone, probably the most common type of boat found around waterfronts and at most fishing camps and docks on inland waters.
Rowe, Nicholas
English writer who was the first to attempt a critical edition of the works of Shakespeare. Rowe succeeded Nahum Tate as poet laureate in 1715 and was also the foremost ...
Rowell, Newton Wesley
Canadian politician and jurist who served as chief justice of Ontario in 1936-37.
rowing
propulsion of a boat by means of oars. As a sport, it involves watercraft known as shells (usually propelled by eight oars) and sculls (two or four oars), which are ...
Rowland, F. Sherwood
American chemist who shared the 1995 Nobel Prize for Chemistry with chemists Mario Molina and Paul Crutzen for research on the depletion of the Earth's ozone layer. Working with Molina, ...
Rowland, Henry Augustus
American physicist who invented the concave diffraction grating, which replaced prisms and plane gratings in many applications, and revolutionized spectrum analysis-the resolution of a beam of light into components that ...
Rowlandson, Mary
British-American colonial author who wrote one of the finest firsthand accounts of 17th-century Indian life and of Puritan-Indian conflicts in early New England.
Rowlandson, Thomas
English painter and caricaturist who illustrated the life of 18th-century England and created comic images of familiar social types of his day, such as the antiquarian, the old maid, the ...
Rowlatt Acts
(February 1919), legislation passed by the government of India over the unanimous opposition of all nonofficial Indians of the Imperial Legislative Council. They allowed certain political cases to be tried ...
Rowley, William
English dramatist and actor who collaborated with several Jacobean dramatists, notably Thomas Middleton.
Rowling, J.K.
British author, creator of the popular and critically acclaimed Harry Potter series about a young sorcerer in training.
Rowling, Sir Wallace Edward
educator and politician who upon the death of Prime Minister Norman Kirk was elected premier of New Zealand (1974-75).
Rowntree, B Seebohm
English sociologist and philanthropist known for his studies of poverty and welfare and for his record as a progressive employer.
Rowse, A.L.
English historian and writer who became one of the 20th century's foremost authorities on Elizabethan England.
Rowson, Susanna
English-born American actress, educator, and author of the first American best-seller, Charlotte Temple.
Roxana
wife of Alexander the Great. The daughter of the Bactrian chief Oxyartes, she was captured and married by Alexander in 327, during his conquest of Asia. After Alexander's death (323) ...
Roxas
city, northern Panay, Philippines. It lies along the Panay River delta 4 miles (6.5 km) from its mouth on the Sibuyan Sea. The city was formerly called Capiz. Its outport, ...
Roxas, Manuel
political leader and first president (1946-48) of the independent Republic of the Philippines.
Roxburghshire
historic county, southeastern Scotland, along the English border. It covers an area stretching from the valleys of the Rivers Tweed and Teviot in the north to the Cheviot Hills in ...
Roxbury
southern residential section of Boston, Massachusetts, U.S. Prior to becoming part of the city of Boston in 1868, it was a town (township) of Norfolk county, located between Boston and ...
Roxy Music
British art rock band of the 1970s whose influential style was an amalgam of glam rock campiness, sophisticated, often experimental musicianship, arch humour, and world-weary romanticism. The principal members were ...
Roy, Camille
critic and literary historian, noted as an authority on the development of French-Canadian literature.
Roy, Gabrielle
married name Mrs. Marcel Carbotte French-Canadian novelist praised for her skill in depicting the hopes and frustrations of the poor.
Roy, Manabendra Nath
original name Narendranath Bhattacharya leader of India's Communists until independence in 1947.
Roy, Ram Mohun
Indian religious, social, and educational reformer who challenged traditional Hindu culture and indicated the lines of progress for Indian society under British rule. He is sometimes called the father of ...
Royal Academy of Arts
principal society of artists in London. Its headquarters, art museum, and educational facilities are located in Burlington House, in the borough of Westminster.
Royal Academy of Dramatic Art
state-subsidized school of acting in Bloomsbury, London. The oldest school of drama in England, it set the pattern for subsequent schools of acting.
Royal Air Force Museum
in the United Kingdom, national museum dedicated to the story of flight and aerial warfare, with a special emphasis on the history of the Royal Air Force (RAF). The museum ...
Royal Air Force, The
youngest of the three British armed services, charged with the air defense of the United Kingdom and the fulfillment of international defense commitments.
Royal Albert Hall
concert hall in the City of Westminster, London. One of Britain's principal concert halls and major landmarks, it is located south of the Albert Memorial and north of the Imperial ...
Royal and Ancient Golf Club of St. Andrews
one of the world's oldest and most influential golf organizations; formed in 1754 by 22 "noblemen and gentlemen" at St. Andrews, Fife, Scotland, as the Society of St. Andrews Golfers. ...
royal antelope
tiny antelope, family Bovidae (order Artiodactyla), found alone or in pairs in dense West African forests. It is the smallest of antelopes and stands only 25 cm (10 inches) high ...
Royal Armouries
in the United Kingdom, a collection of weapons and armour that was originally situated in the White Tower at the Tower of London.
Royal Astronomical Society
British scientific society founded in 1820 to promote astronomical research. Its headquarters are located in Burlington House, near Piccadilly Circus, London, England.
Royal Ballet
English ballet company and school. It was formed in 1956 under a royal charter of incorporation granted by Queen Elizabeth II to the Sadler's Wells Ballet and its sister organizations, ...
Royal Bank of Canada
Canadian commercial banking company with foreign subsidiaries and affiliates. Headquarters are in Montreal.
Royal Bank of Scotland Group
in the United Kingdom, a bank and financial services company that became one of the largest in Europe through its acquisition of National Westminster Bank in 2000. Its headquarters are ...
Royal Botanic Garden
botanical garden in Edinburgh, internationally famous for its beautiful landscaping. The garden, of 62 acres (25 hectares), includes 35,000 kinds of plants and features special collections of rhododendrons, representatives of ...
Royal Botanic Gardens
state-supported botanical garden in Sydney, Australia. Officially established in 1816, it is the oldest such garden in the country. It is also the most spectacularly sited, occupying more than 27 ...
Royal Botanic Gardens and National Herbarium of Victoria
one of the world's best-designed botanical gardens, located in South Yarra, near Melbourne, Australia. Founded in 1845, this state-supported institution occupies an 87-acre (35-hectare) site along the Yarra River, which ...
Royal Canadian Mounted Police
Canada's federal police force. It is also the provincial and criminal police establishment in all provinces except Ontario and Quebec and the only police force in the Yukon and Northwest ...
Royal Copenhagen porcelain
ware produced by the Royal Porcelain Factory, Copenhagen, from 1775 to the present day. The factory was founded by a chemist, Frantz Heinrich Muller, who was given a 50-year monopoly. ...
Royal Courts of Justice
in London, complex of courtrooms, halls, and offices concerned primarily with civil (noncriminal) litigation. It lies in the Greater London borough of Westminster, on the boundary with the City of ...