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Rand McNally & Company ... Rankin, Nell

Rand McNally & Company: American publishers and printers of maps, atlases, globes, and tourist guidebooks; its headquarters are in Skokie, Ill. Founded in 1856 by William H. Rand and Andrew McNally and incorporated in ...
Rand Refinery Limited: (from the article "Germiston") ...It officially became a town in 1903 and a city in 1950. It is part of one of South Africa's most heavily industrialized areas. Gold bullion from nearly all the ...
Rand Revolt: (from the article "Johannesburg") ...South Africa," seized control of the entire city, surrendering only after the arrival of 20,000 troops and a sustained air and artillery bombardment. More than 200 people died in the ...
Rand, Ayn: Russian-born American writer who, in commercially successful novels, presented her philosophy of objectivism, essentially reversing the traditional Judeo-Christian ethic. [2 Related Articles]
Rand, Mary Denise: British track-and-field athlete, who won a gold medal in the long jump at the 1964 Olympics in Tokyo to become the first British woman to win an Olympic gold medal ...
Rand, Paul: American graphic designer who pioneered a distinctive American Modernist style. [2 Related Articles]
Rand, Sally: American actress and dancer who achieved fame as a fan dancer and bubble dancer.
Randall, Benjamin: (from the article "National Association of Free Will Baptists") One Free Will Baptist group was organized in North Carolina in 1727, and its churches were located primarily in North and South Carolina. The second group originated with the work ...
Randall, John Herman, Jr.: American historian and philosopher who wrote a series of highly respected works on the history of philosophy.
Randall, Samuel J(ackson): U.S. congressman who served for nearly 30 years and who, as speaker of the House of Representatives (1876-81), codified the rules of the House and strengthened the role of speaker.
Randall, Tony: American actor (b. Feb. 26, 1920, Tulsa, Okla.-d. May 17, 2004, New York, N.Y.), was most closely identified with the character Felix Unger, the fastidious fussbudget he portrayed opposite Jack ... [1 Related Articles]
Randall-MacIver, David: British-born American archaeologist and anthropologist. [1 Related Articles]
Randburg: residential town in Gauteng province, South Africa, bordering Johannesburg to the south. It consists of numerous suburbs that were officially proclaimed a town in 1962. The town has no heavy ...
Randers: city, eastern Jutland, Denmark. It lies at the mouth of the Gudena River along Randers Fjord, northwest of Arhus. First mentioned in 1086, it was chartered in 1302 and became ...
Randfontein: town, Gauteng province, South Africa. It lies west of Johannesburg and is centred on the gold mine first developed by Randfontein Estates Gold Mining Company in 1889. Originally a part ...
Randolph: town (township), Norfolk county, eastern Massachusetts, U.S., 15 miles (24 km) south of Boston. Settled in 1710 as Cochato (named for the Cochato Indians), it was part of Braintree until ...
Randolph, A. Philip: trade unionist and civil-rights leader who was a dedicated and persistent leader in the struggle for justice and parity for the black American community.
Randolph, Edmund Jennings: Virginia lawyer who played an important role in drafting and ratifying the U.S. Constitution and served as attorney general and later secretary of state in George Washington's cabinet. [1 Related Articles]
Randolph, Edward: British royal agent, customs officer, and American colonial official.
Randolph, Jennings: American politician who served 14 years in the U.S. House of Representatives and 26 in the Senate and was the author of the 26th Amendment to the Constitution, which gave ...
Randolph, John: American political leader who was an important proponent of the doctrine of states' rights in opposition to a strong centralized government.
Randolph, Peyton: first president of the U.S. Continental Congress. [1 Related Articles]
Randolph, Theron G.: U.S. pioneering allergist who founded the field of environmental medicine and characterized environmental illness as one that included such symptoms as chronic headache, fatigue, and mental depression (b. 1906?--d. Sept. ...
Randolph, Thomas: English poet and dramatist who used his knowledge of Aristotelian logic to create a unique kind of comedy.
random access: (from the article "telecommunications network") Scheduled access schemes have several disadvantages, including the large overhead required for the reservation, polling, and token passing processes and the possibility of long idle periods when only a few ...
random chess: (from the article "Chess") ...not envisage returning to orthodox chess, however, which he regarded as compromised by results fixed in advance, especially in matches involving former Soviet players. He continued to promote "random chess," ...
random close-packing model: (from the article "amorphous solid") ...to covalently bonded glasses, such as amorphous silicon and the oxide glasses, (2) the random-coil model, applicable to the many polymer-chain organic glasses, such as polystyrene, and (3) the random ...
random dispersion: (from the article "dispersion") A specific type of organism can establish one of three possible patterns of dispersion in a given area: a random pattern; an aggregated pattern, in which organisms gather in clumps; ...
random drain system: (from the article "irrigation and drainage") The field drains of a surface system may be arranged in many patterns. Probably the two most widely used are parallel drains and random drains. Parallel drains are channels running ...
random error: (from the article "analysis") ...errors cause the results to vary from the correct value in a predictable manner and can often be identified and corrected. An example of a systematic error is improper calibration ...
random mating: (from the article "heredity") Many species engage in alternatives to random mating as normal parts of their cycle of sexual reproduction. An important exception is sexual selection, in which an individual chooses a mate ...
random migration: (from the article "infectious disease") ...which are normally manufactured in the bone marrow and which circulate in the blood, move to the site of the infection. Some of these cells reach the site by chance, ...
random noise: (from the article "sound recording") ...problem arises from the inability of the recording system to organize completely the magnetic domains in these tiny magnetic crystals. The resulting random orientation of the domains results in random ...
random number: (from the article "automata theory") ...machines by adding a random component to the machine itself. In this context, the automaton was being interpreted as a Turing machine modified with the potentiality for injecting the output ...
random variable: (from the article "statistics") A random variable is a numerical description of the outcome of a statistical experiment. A random variable that may assume only a finite number or an infinite sequence of values ...
random walk: in probability theory, a process for determining the probable location of a point subject to random motions, given the probabilities (the same at each step) of moving some distance in ... [5 Related Articles]
random-access memory: (from the article "computer memory") ...machines). In the late 1940s the first stored-program computers used ultrasonic waves in tubes of mercury or charges in special electron tubes as main memory. The latter were the first ...
random-coil model: (from the article "amorphous solid") ...classes of structure associated with the following models: (1) the continuous random-network model, applicable to covalently bonded glasses, such as amorphous silicon and the oxide glasses, (2) the random-coil model, ...
random-noise generator: (from the article "signal generator") ...ratio; frequency synthesizers, which generate highly precise output frequencies over wide ranges; pulse generators, which produce pulsed signals at precise duration at precise frequencies; and random-noise generators, which produce a ...
randomization, principle of: (from the article "Fisher, Sir Ronald Aylmer") ...One major problem he encountered was avoiding biased selection of experimental materials, which results in inaccurate or misleading experimental data. To avoid such bias, Fisher introduced the principle of randomization. ...
randomized block design: (from the article "statistics") ...would not affect the test for significant differences due to gasoline additive. In this revised experiment, each of the manufacturers is referred to as a block, and the experiment is ...
randomness: (from the article "chaos theory") ...laws. A more accurate term, "deterministic chaos," suggests a paradox because it connects two notions that are familiar and commonly regarded as incompatible. The first is that of randomness or ...
randori: (from the article "judo") ...meaning "gentle way"), the beginning of the sport in its modern form. Kano eliminated the most dangerous techniques and stressed the practice of randori (free practice), although ...
Randstad: industrial and metropolitan conurbation occupying an area of peat and clay lowlands, west-central Netherlands. The Randstad ("Ring City," "Rim City," "City on the Edge") consists of major Dutch industrial cities ... [1 Related Articles]
Ranelagh: former resort by the River Thames in the borough of Kensington and Chelsea, London. Land east of the Royal Hospital, Chelsea, was bought in 1690 by Richard Jones, 3rd Viscount ...
Raney nickel: (from the article "organosulfur compound") ...the bond to the saturated carbon can be cleaved with sodium or lithium metal in liquid ammonia-for example, RSR' + Na/NEta₃→ RSNa + R'&singlehorzbond;H. Using Raney nickel (Ra-Ni; a type ...
Raney nickel desulfurization: (from the article "organosulfur compound") ...RSR' + Ra-Ni → R&singlehorzbond;H + R'&singlehorzbond;H. These reduction reactions are useful in synthesis or in determining the structure of an unknown organosulfur compound. Raney nickel desulfurization was a key ...
Raney, James Elbert: ("JIMMY"), U.S. musician (b. Aug. 20, 1927, Louisville, Ky.--d. May 10, 1995, Louisville), was one of the most influential, lyrical jazz guitarists of his generation. As an improviser he was ...
Ranfurly Shield: (from the article "rugby") ...49 of its 74 matches, including many matches against clubs in the north of England that largely consisted of working-class players and that had become the best club teams in ...
rangaku: (Japanese: "Dutch learning"), concerted effort by Japanese scholars during the late Tokugawa period (late 18th-19th century) to learn the Dutch language so as to be able to learn Western technology; ... [2 Related Articles]
Rangamati: town, southeastern Bangladesh, situated in the Chittagong Hills region near the Karnaphuli River. Connected by road and river steamer with the city of Chittagong, the town is a rice-milling and ...
Ranganatha: (from the article "Srirangam") Srirangam is one of the most frequently visited pilgrimage centres in southern India. Its main Ranganatha temple, though primarily Vaishnavite, is also holy to Saivites. The temple is composed of ...
Ranganathan, Shiyali Ramamrita: Indian librarian and educator who was considered the father of library science in India and whose contributions had worldwide influence. [2 Related Articles]
Rangavis, Alexandros Rizos: (from the article "Greek literature") ...Korais. The work of these writers, which relied greatly on French models, looks back to the War of Independence and the glorious ancient past. Their melancholy sentimentality was not shared ...
range: (from the article "radar") ...are not of interest might be echoes from the ground or rain, which can mask and interfere with the detection of the desired echo from the aircraft. The radar measures ...
range: (from the article "central-place theory") ...the smallest market area necessary for the goods and services to be economically viable. Once a threshold has been established, the central place will seek to expand its market area ...
range: (from the article "analysis") A simple measure of variability is the range, given as the difference between the largest and the smallest results. It has no statistical significance, however, for small data sets. Another ...
range: in radioactivity, the distance that a particle travels from its source through matter. The range depends upon the type of particle, its original energy of motion (kinetic energy), the medium ... [1 Related Articles]
range: (from the article "artillery") ...so as to distribute the load evenly onto a railway track. The most impressive railway gun built during the war was the German 210-millimetre "Paris Gun," which bombarded Paris from ...
range crane fly: (from the article "crane fly") ...an arachnid.) Ranging in size from tiny to almost 3 cm (1.2 inches) long, these harmless, slow-flying insects are usually found around water or among abundant vegetation. The best-known species, ...
range finder: any of several instruments used to measure the distance from the instrument to a selected point or object. One basic type is the optical range finder modeled after a ranging ... [1 Related Articles]
range light: (from the article "lighthouse") ...ports, harbours, and estuarial approaches, fixed directional lights display sharply defined red and green sectors. Another sensitive and very accurate method of giving directional instruction is by range lights, which ...
range management: (from the article "rangeland") Range management is a professional field whose aim is to ensure a sustained yield of rangeland products while protecting and improving the basic range resources of soil, water, and plant ...
range of convergence: (from the article "convergence") ...converges toward the limit 1/(1 − x) as n, the number of terms, increases. The interval −1 < x < 1 is called the range of convergence of the series; for values of x outside this ...
range of movement: (from the article "logistics") The potential effectiveness of a military force derives from three attributes: fighting power, mobility, and range of movement. Which of these attributes is stressed depends on the commander's objectives and ...
range straggling: (from the article "radiation") ...because energy loss is a statistical phenomenon. Fluctuations are to be expected. In general, these fluctuations are called straggling, and there are several kinds. Most important among them is the ...
range zone: (from the article "geochronology") ...their stratigraphic ranges and from widely separated areas, Oppel was able to erect a biochronology based on a diverse record of first appearances, last appearances, and individual and overlapping range ...
rangeland: any extensive area of land that is occupied by native herbaceous or shrubby vegetation which is grazed by domestic or wild herbivores. The vegetation of ranges may include tallgrass prairies, ... [1 Related Articles]
rangeomorph: (from the article "Life Sciences") ...soft-bodied fossils from Spaniard's Bay in eastern Newfoundland showed a greater level of preservation than previously described Ediacaran (Late Precambrian) fossils. The fossils were classified as rangeomorphs, a group that ...
ranger: in U.S. military usage, a soldier specially trained to act in small groups that make rapid surprise raids on enemy territory. Ranger has also been the designation for the Texas ... [1 Related Articles]
Ranger: any of a series of nine unmanned probes launched from 1961 to 1965 by the United States National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). Project Ranger represented NASA's earliest attempt at ... [1 Related Articles]
Ranger, Operation: (from the article "nuclear weapon") American tests during Operation Ranger in early 1951 included implosion devices with cores containing a fraction of a critical mass-a concept originated in 1944 during the Manhattan Project. Unlike the ...
Rangertone: (from the article "electronic organ") ...and Armand Givelet. It used electronic oscillators in place of the pipes of a conventional organ and was operated with keyboards and a pedal board. Another notable early electronic organ ...
rangga: (from the article "Australian Aborigine") ...Arnhem Land maraiin objects-realistic and stylized carved representations of various natural species-were made. The rangga, or ceremonial poles, of eastern Arnhem Land, many of ...
Rangimotia: (from the article "Mangaia") ...of the southern group of the Cook Islands, a self-governing state in free association with New Zealand in the South Pacific Ocean. A raised coral atoll, it has a volcanic ...
Rangiroa: (from the article "French Polynesia") ...miles (689 square km) and consists of some 80 islands. These are low, flat islands or atolls of coral origin, surrounding a lagoon. Their size varies greatly, from 30 square ...
Rangitata River: river in east-central South Island, New Zealand. It is formed by the confluence of the Clyde and Havelock rivers, which rise in the Southern Alps. The river's name is of ...
Rangitikei River: river in southwestern North Island, New Zealand. Rising on the east slopes of the Kaimanawa Mountains, it flows south and southwest for 150 miles (240 km) to enter South Taranaki ...
Rangoon, University of: (from the article "Myanmar") Also in 1920 Rangoon College was raised to the status of a full university by the University Act. However, because the accompanying changes in the school's administration and curriculum were ...
Rangpur: city, northwestern Bangladesh, on the Ghaghat River. It is an industrial centre noted for the manufacture of dhurries (cotton carpets), bidis (cigarettes), and cigars. Constituted a municipality in 1869, it ...
Rani Gumpha: (from the article "South Asian arts") ...of Surya riding a chariot-are more advanced and resemble work at Buddh Gaya. The forms are heavy and solid and lack the accomplished movement of the later cave sculpture adorning ...
Rani Rasmani's Nabaratna: (from the article "Kamarhati") ...agglomeration. The city's major industries include jute and cotton milling, leather tanning, and the manufacture of rubber goods, cement, pottery, and paint. It contains a group of temples, called Rani ...
Rani, Devika: Indian actress (b. March 30, 1908, Waltair, Andhra Pradesh, India--d. March 9, 1994, Bangalore, India), was one of India's most esteemed movie stars in the 1930s and early '40s and, ...
Rania al-Abdullah: (from the article "Jordan") In June, Jordanian Queen Rania launched the Global Women's Action Network for Children with a three-day conference attended by activists, politicians, journalists, and artists from across the globe. The group's ...
Ranidae: family of wide-ranging frogs of the order Anura, containing several genera and more than 600 species. Representatives occur on every continent except Antarctica. Members of this group are referred to ... [1 Related Articles]
Raniganj coalfield: (from the article "Rahr Plains") The economy is mostly agricultural (cereals, pulse [legumes], oilseeds, fruits, vegetables, betel nut, date palm, and tea). The Raniganj coalfields, some of the country's largest, and adjacent deposits of iron ...
Raninae: (from the article "Anura") ...cartilages present or absent; larvae with single spiracle, on left, and complex mouthparts; 39 genera and about 600 species; adult length about 2-25 cm (1-10 inches); 2 subfamilies: Raninae (worldwide ...
ranitidine: (from the article "drug") Another class of drugs that blocks gastric acid secretion is the H₂ blockers (see below Histamine and antihistamines). These drugs (e.g., cimetidine, ranitidine) prevent histamine-induced acid release and are used for ...
Ranjit Singh: founder and maharaja (1801-39) of the Sikh kingdom of the Punjab. [10 Related Articles]
rank: (from the article "chess") Chess is played on a board of 64 squares arranged in eight vertical rows called files and eight horizontal rows called ranks. These squares alternate between two colours: one light, ...
rank: (from the article "organ") ...pipes to produce the tone, a device to supply wind under pressure, and a mechanism connected to the keys for admitting wind to the pipes. The most basic instrument consists ...
rank: (from the article "coal utilization") The formation of coal from a variety of plant materials via biochemical and geochemical processes is called coalification. The nature of the constituents in coal is related to the degree ...
Rank, J Arthur Rank, Baron: British industrialist who became Great Britain's chief distributor (and one of the world's major producers) of motion pictures.
Rank, Otto: original name Otto Rosenfeld Austrian psychologist who extended psychoanalytic theory to the study of legend, myth, art, and creativity and who suggested that the basis of anxiety neurosis is a ...
Ranke, Leopold von: leading German historian of the 19th century, whose scholarly method and way of teaching (he was the first to establish a historical seminar) had a great influence on Western historiography. ... [5 Related Articles]
Rankeanism: (from the article "international relations") ...attention? The founders of modern diplomatic history, beginning with Leopold von Ranke, propounded a view known as "the primacy of foreign policy." Founded on German Idealist philosophy, Rankeanism asserted the ...
Rankin Inlet: (from the article "Keewatin") ...hills and irregular basins mostly filled by lakes and swamps-and is largely a permafrost zone with Arctic tundra vegetation. The major settlements (Arviat, Baker Lake [Qamanittuaq], and Rankin Inlet [Kangiqtinq; ...
Rankin, Jeannette: first woman member of the U.S. Congress (1917-19, 1941-43), a vigorous feminist and a lifetime pacifist and crusader for social and electoral reform.
Rankin, John Morris: Canadian musician (b. April 28, 1959, Mabou, Cape Breton Island, N.S.-d. Jan. 16, 2000, near Inverness, Cape Breton Island), was a master fiddler and pianist who, as leader of the ...
Rankin, Lee: U.S. lawyer who successfully argued before the U.S. Supreme Court in Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka (1954), overturning the "separate but equal" doctrine of racial segregation in public ...
Rankin, Nell: American mezzo-soprano (b. Jan. 3, 1924, Montgomery, Ala.-d. Jan. 13, 2005, New York, N.Y.), was known for her warm tones in recitals and marquee opera roles during a 30-year career. ...