| | - Q fever
- acute, self-limited, systemic disease caused by the rickettsia Coxiella burnetii. Q fever spreads rapidly in cows, sheep, and goats, and in humans it tends to occur in ... [1 Related Articles]
- Q source
- (from the article "biblical literature") ...and Luke used Mark, both for its narrative material as well as for the basic structural outline of chronology of Jesus' life. Matthew and Luke use a second source, which ...
- Q-sort
- (from the article "personality assessment") Another method of self-report called the Q-sort is devised for problems similar to those for which rating scales are used. In a Q-sort a person is given a set of ...
- Q.R.S. Company
- (from the article "Raytheon Company") ...In 1925 the company changed its name to Raytheon Manufacturing Company and began marketing its rectifier, under the Raytheon brand name, with great commercial success. In 1928 Raytheon merged with ...
- qa
- ancient Babylonian liquid measure equal to the volume of a cube whose dimensions are each one handbreadth (3.9 to 4 inches, or 9.9 to 10.2 cm) in length. The cube ... [1 Related Articles]
- Qa'ani
- (from the article "Islamic arts") In Iran, the situation to a certain extent resembled that in Turkey. While the last "classical" poet, Qa'ani (died 1854), had been displaying the traditional glamorous artistry, his contemporary, the ...
- Qa'it Bay
- (from the article "Egypt") ...Indian trade, along with the sultans' inability to keep their refractory Mamluk corps under control, gradually sapped the strength of the state. The best efforts of such a vigorous sultan ...
- Qabacha, Nasir-ud-Din
- (from the article "India") ...for the latter's conflict with the Mongol armies of Genghis Khan. Again Iltutmish waited while refugees, including the heir to the Khwarezm-Shahi throne, poured into the Punjab and while Nasir ...
- Qabbani, Abu Khalil al-
- (from the article "Arabic literature") ...in the 1860s. The Naqqash family troupe and others moved to Egypt, where the cultural and political atmosphere was more conducive to theatre; prominent among the other troupes was that ...
- Qabbani, Nizar
- Syrian diplomat and poet whose subject matter, at first strictly erotic and romantic, grew to embrace political issues as well. Written in simple but eloquent language, his verses, some of ... [2 Related Articles]
- qabili
- (from the article "Arabia") ...In Yemen, the fertile southwestern corner of Arabia containing more than one-third of its total population, the same antagonistic feelings exist between city dwellers and qabilis, arms-bearing ...
- Qabis River
- (from the article "Gabes") town in southeastern Tunisia. Situated on a Mediterranean oasis along the Gulf of Gabes, the town is located at the mouth of the Wadi Qabis (Oued Gabes), which has its ...
- Qaboos bin Said
- sultan of Oman. [7 Related Articles]
- Qabus ibn Voshamgir
- (from the article "Iran") ...in 935, but his Ziyarid descendants sought Samanid protection. They adhered to Sunnism and maintained themselves in the region southeast of the Caspian Sea. The Ziyarid Qabus ibn Voshamgir (reigned ...
- Qadarif, Al-
- town, east-central Sudan. It is situated about 120 miles (200 km) southwest of Kassala town. Located at an elevation of 1,975 feet (608 metres), it is a commercial centre for ...
- Qadariyah
- in Islam, adherents of the doctrine of free will (from qadar, "power"). The name was also applied to the Mu'tazilah, the Muslim theological school that believed that humankind, through its ...
- Qaddafi, Muammar al-
- de facto leader of Libya from 1969 and a controversial Arab statesman. [13 Related Articles]
- qadi
- a Muslim judge who renders decisions according to the Shari'ah, the canon law of Islam. The qadi hears only religious cases such as those involving inheritance, pious bequests (waqf), marriage, ... [7 Related Articles]
- Qadi, 'Isam al-
- (from the article "Sa'iqah, al-") ...chief of al-Sa'iqah, Zuhayr Muhsin, was a member of the PLO executive committee until his assassination in 1979. He was replaced by another Syrian protege, 'Isam al-Qadi. Al-Sa'iqah opposed the ...
- Qadiani
- (from the article "Ahmadiyah") On the death of the founder, Mawlawi Nur-ad-Din was elected by the community as khalifah ("successor"). In 1914, when he died, the Ahmadiyah split, the original, Qadiani, group recognizing Ghulam ...
- Qadir, Abdul
- Afghan warlord and political official (b. 1954?, Sorkh Rod, Afg.-d. July 6, 2002, Kabul, Afg.), was one of the few Pashtun leaders in the Tajik-dominated government of Pres. Hamid Karzai. ...
- Qadiri, Abdullah
- (from the article "Uzbekistan") ...in their style but continued to revere it in their literary history. In the Jadid era (1900-20) the foremost modern poets and prose writers included Abdalrauf Fitrat, Sadriddin Ayni, and ...
- Qadiriyah
- probably the oldest of the Muslim mystic (Sufi) orders, founded by the Hanbali theologian 'Abd al-Qadir al-Jilani (1078-1166) in Baghdad. Al-Jilani may have intended the few rituals he prescribed to ... [4 Related Articles]
- Qadisiyya, Battle of Al-
- (from the article "Iran, ancient") ...Iran. The door was open to a newly emerging force that challenged both states and religions-the Arabs. After several encounters, the fate of the Sasanian empire was decided in the ...
- Qaeda of Mesopotamia, al-
- (from the article "chemical weapon") ...in 2001. In addition to other documents showing ongoing research on chemical weapons, al-Qaeda planned and then aborted a chemical attack on the New York City subway system in 2005. ...
- Qaeda, al-
- broad-based Islamic militant organization founded by Osama bin Laden in the late 1980s. [56 Related Articles]
- Qafzeh
- paleoanthropological site south of Nazareth, Israel, where some of the oldest remains of modern humans in Asia have been found. More than 25 fossil skeletons dating to about 90,000 years ...
- Qahtan
- (from the article "Arabia") According to tradition, Arabs are descended from a southern Arabian ancestor, Qahtan, forebear of the "pure" or "genuine" Arabs (known as al-'Arab al-'Aribah), and a northern Arabian ancestor, 'Adnan, forebear ...
- Qaidam Basin
- northeastern section of the Plateau of Tibet, occupying the northwestern part of Qinghai province, western China. The basin is bounded on the south by the towering Kunlun Mountains-with many peaks ... [4 Related Articles]
- Qajar Dynasty
- the ruling dynasty of Iran from 1794 to 1925. [5 Related Articles]
- Qal'eh-ye Sarkari
- (from the article "Afghanistan") ...Many coal deposits have been found in the northern slopes of the Hindu Kush. Major coal fields are at Ma'dan-e Karkar and Eshposhteh, between Kabul and Mazar-e Sharif, and Qal'eh-ye ...
- Qala'un
- Mamluk sultan of Egypt (1279-90), the founder of a dynasty that ruled that country for a century. [1 Related Articles]
- Qala'un complex
- building complex, including a mausoleum, a madrasah, and a hospital, built in 1283-85 on the site of present-day Cairo by the fifth Mamluk sultan, Qala'un. The hospital, now in ruins, ... [1 Related Articles]
- qalam
- ancient reed pen still used in Arabic calligraphy and formerly used for all writing. The qalam was cut from between two nodes of the stem of a reed chosen for ... [1 Related Articles]
- qalamkari textile
- painted textile of a type produced during the 17th century at various centres in India, notably at Golconda. The material was called qalamkari ("brushwork") because of the technique employed in ...
- qalandar
- (from the article "Persian literature") ...the transcendental, which later became characteristic of this genre, can be seen. An important motif introduced by Sana'i is the idealization of the qalandar, a type of ...
- Qalandariyah
- loosely organized group of wandering Muslim dervishes who form an "irregular" (bi-shar') or antinomian Sufi mystical order. The Qalandariyah seem to have arisen from the earlier Malamatiyah in Central Asia ...
- Qalyub
- town at the apex of the Nile River delta, in Al-Qalyubiyah muhafazah (governorate), Lower Egypt. It lies just north of Cairo, near the right bank of the Nile and Barrage ...
- Qalyubiyah, Al-
- small muhafazah (governorate), just north of Cairo at the apex of the Nile River delta, Lower Egypt. It is bounded on the northeast by Ash-Sharqiyah muhafazah and on the northwest ...
- Qamar-ud-Din Khan
- (from the article "India") ...Sayyid 'Abd Allah Khan as vizier; after Amin Khan's death (January 1720), the office was occupied by the Nizam al-Mulk for a brief period until Amin Khan's son Qamar al-Din ...
- Qamar-ud-Din Shah
- (from the article "Jhunjhunu") ...India. It is a local trade centre for wool, cattle, hides, and gram (chick-pea). The city's major industries include a dye factory and woolen mills. Jhunjhunu houses the mausoleum of ...
- Qamdo
- (from the article "Qamdo") Most of the area is uninhabited, and large parts remain virtually unexplored. The city of Qamdo, in the northern section of the region, is a communications hub for eastern Tibet ...
- Qamdo
- mountainous area in the far eastern part of the Tibet Autonomous Region, western China. It borders the provinces of Qinghai, Yunnan, and Sichuan to the north, east, and southeast, respectively. ...
- Qamishli, Al-
- town in northeastern Syria. It lies along the Turkish border. The border divides the Syrian town of Al-Qamishli from the Turkish town of Nusaybin. The town was founded in 1926 ...
- qanat
- ancient type of water-supply system developed and still used in arid regions of the world. A qanat taps underground mountain water sources trapped in and beneath the upper reaches of ... [5 Related Articles]
- Qangule, Z. S.
- (from the article "African literature") ...(1940; The Wrath of the Ancestors) that set the principal theme of later Xhosa prose: how to retain the strengths of tradition in the face of inevitable change. Some writers, ...
- Qantarah, Al-
- (from the article "building construction") ...were public works in conquered provinces, such as the late 1st-century-BC Pont du Gard, a many-arched bridge and aqueduct spanning 22 metres (72 feet) near Nimes, in France, or the ...
- Qantas Airways Limited
- Australian airline, the oldest in the English-speaking world, founded in 1920 as Queensland and Northern Territory Aerial Services Ltd. (from which the name Qantas was derived). Its first operations were ... [5 Related Articles]
- qanun
- (from the article "stringed instrument") Medieval Arab authors (including Ibn Khaldun) mention a plucked trapezoidal zither, the qanun (derived from Greek kanon, "rule"). The present-day instrument has a range of three octaves with three strings ...
- Qapaghan Qaghan
- (from the article "An Lushan") ...the Chinese emperor Taizong at the beginning of the Tang dynasty but had made themselves independent and were enjoying renewed prosperity at the time of An Lushan's birth. The death ...
- Qaqortoq
- principal town in southwestern Greenland, on Julianehab Bugt, an inlet in the Davis Strait. Founded in 1755 by Anders Olsen, a Norwegian merchant, and named for Queen Juliana Maria of ...
- Qara' Mountains
- (from the article "Arabia") The Qara' Mountains in Dhofar, the southern province of the sultanate of Oman, are about 3,000 feet high, with one peak higher than 5,000 feet. The monsoon keeps the seaward ...
- Qarakhanid Dynasty
- Turkic dynasty (999-1211) that ruled in Transoxania in Central Asia. [4 Related Articles]
- Qarakhanid language
- (from the article "Turkic languages") The literary languages of the "Old Turkic" period may be divided into Old Turkic proper, Old Uighur, and Qarakhanid. The earliest known records of Old Turkic proper are inscriptions on ...
- Qarase, Laisenia
- (from the article "Fiji") At the beginning of 2007, Fiji military commander Voreque ("Frank") Bainimarama, who in December 2006 had deposed the eight-month-old government of Prime Minister Laisenia Qarase, stepped down as acting president ...
- Qaratal River
- (from the article "Balkhash, Lake") ...it contributed 80-90 percent of the total influx into the lake until a hydroelectric project reduced the volume of the river's inflow late in the 20th century. Only such small ...
- Qaratau
- mountain range, a northwestern spur of the Tien Shan, in southern Kazakhstan. The name is of Turkic origin, meaning "Black Mountain." The range extends for 260 miles (420 km) along ... [1 Related Articles]
- Qarawiyin
- mosque and Islamic university in Fes, Morocco. [1 Related Articles]
- Qareh Su
- (from the article "Aras River") ...the Aras are the Arpa Cayi (Akhuryan), which receives the waters of the Kars River and Lake Cildir in Turkey, the Hrazdan, draining Lake Sevan in Armenia, and the Qareh ...
- Qaren I
- (from the article "Ka'usiyeh dynasty") ...was centred at Ferim, in the mountainous country southwest of Sari. Its geographical isolation and the difficult nature of the terrain enabled it to survive. In c. 854 Qaren I ...
- Qaren II
- (from the article "Ka'usiyeh dynasty") ...and Zeyarid dynasties. Rostam III (ruled 1006-57) became a vassal of the Zeyarid king Qabus, but with weakening of Zeyarid power, Rostam and his successor Qaren II (ruled 1057-74) reigned ...
- Qarhan Salt Marsh
- (from the article "Qaidam Basin") ...the basin's central area. The northwest portion of the basin is an area of true desert. Another desert area is found in the subsidiary basin in the north, around the ...
- qarid
- (from the article "Arabic literature") ...compilers of the earliest poetry soon developed further modes of categorization based on length and, from that, on segmentation. Poetry in general was referred to as qarid, ...
- Qarluq confederation
- Turkic tribal confederation of Central Asia, from whose ranks came the Qarakhanid dynasty. [1 Related Articles]
- Qarmatian
- a member of the Shi'ite Muslim sect known as the Isma'ilites. The Qarmatians flourished in Iraq, Yemen, and especially Bahrain during the 9th to 11th centuries, taking their name from ... [10 Related Articles]
- Qartajanni, al-
- (from the article "Islamic arts") ...book in fact became more famous than that of his predecessor. Writers on music and philology also flourished in Spain; literary criticism was practiced by Ibn Rashiq (died 1064) and, ...
- Qarun, Lake
- (from the article "Moeris, Lake") ancient lake that once occupied a large area of the al-Fayyum depression in Egypt and is now represented by the much smaller Lake Qarun. Researches on the desert margin of ...
- Qaryat al-Faw
- (from the article "Arabia, history of") ...and Tayma' to the northeast of the other two, have long been known but not fully explored. In south central Arabia, near Al-Sulayyil, a town site at Qaryat Dhat Kahil ...
- qasaba
- (from the article "Asir") ...the economy is supported by the raising of cattle, sheep, goats, and camels throughout the region. The Asir mountains contain deposits, as yet unexploited, of nickel, copper, and zinc. Ancient ...
- qasam
- (from the article "oath") ...thus committing a sacrilege. At the time of Jesus in the 1st century, oaths were often misused and, for that reason, were often rebuked in early Christianity. In Islam, a ...
- Qashqa'i
- (from the article "Iran") The largest Turkic group is the Azerbaijanians, a farming and herding people who inhabit two border provinces in the northwestern corner of Iran. Two other Turkic ethnic groups are the ...
- Qashqa'i rug
- floor covering handwoven by the Qashqa'i people, who have the reputation of making the best rugs from the Shiraz district of Iran. They are the brightest in colouring, with rich ... [1 Related Articles]
- Qasi, Banu
- (from the article "Spain") ...or, more precisely, an "Iraqization." 'Abd al-Rahman's most severe problems sprang from his restless vassals in the Ebro valley, especially the convert Banu Qasi family and the Mozarabs. Incited by ...
- qasida
- poetic form developed in pre-Islamic Arabia and perpetuated throughout Islamic literary history into the present. It is a laudatory, elegiac, or satiric poem that is found in Arabic, Persian, and ... [11 Related Articles]
- Qasim 'Ali
- (from the article "Behzad") Both as a teacher and painter Behzad was a leading force in the development of Tabriz as a centre of art. His students included the painters Qasim 'Ali, Mir Sayyid ...
- Qasim Barid
- (from the article "India") One of the first revolts was that of the kotwal (superintendent of police) of Bidar, Qasim Barid, a Turkish noble who defeated the army sent against him ...
- Qasim, 'Abd al-Karim
- army officer who overthrew the Iraqi monarchy in 1958 and became head of the newly formed Republic of Iraq. [2 Related Articles]
- Qasim, al-
- (from the article "Hammudid dynasty") In 1013 the Umayyad caliph Sulayman al-Musta'in awarded Sabtah to 'Ali ibn Hammud and Algeciras, Tangier, and Asilah to 'Ali's brother al-Qasim in payment for their help in returning him ...
- Qasimi, Ahmad Nadeem
- Pakistani writer and journalist (b. Nov. 20, 1916, Angah, British India [now in Pakistan]-d. July 10, 2006, Lahore, Pak.), was a significant figure in Urdu-language literature for more than 60 ...
- Qasimiyah
- (from the article "Litani River") ...it bends sharply west and cuts a spectacular gorge up to 900 feet (275 metres) deep through the Lebanon Mountains to the Mediterranean south of Sidon. The river's lower course ...
- Qasimiyyah
- (from the article "Egypt") ...much the Ottoman ruling hierarchy as it was their own factionalism. During the 17th and 18th centuries, the Mamluks were divided into two great rival houses-the Faqariyyah and the Qasimiyyah-whose ...
- Qasr
- (from the article "Babylon") ...present site, an extensive field of ruins, contains several prominent mounds. The main mounds are (1) Babil, the remains of Nebuchadrezzar's palace in the northern corner of the outer rampart, ...
- Qasr 'Amrah
- palace in Jordan, about 50 miles (80 km) east of Amman. Built about AD 712-715, it served as both a hunting lodge and a fortress, and it is one of ... [2 Related Articles]
- Qasr al-Hayr East
- (from the article "Islamic arts") ...kinds of these princely structures. The first type consists of 10 large rural princely complexes found in Syria, Palestine, and Transjordan dating from around 710 to 750: al-Rusafah, Qasr al-Hayr ...
- Qasr al-Hayr West
- (from the article "Islamic arts") ...The first type consists of 10 large rural princely complexes found in Syria, Palestine, and Transjordan dating from around 710 to 750: al-Rusafah, Qasr al-Hayr East, Qasr al-Hayr West, Jabal ...
- Qasr al-Kharanah
- (from the article "Islamic arts") ...710 to 750: al-Rusafah, Qasr al-Hayr East, Qasr al-Hayr West, Jabal Says, Khirbat Minyah, Khirbat al-Mafjar, Mshatta, Qasr 'Amrah, Qasr al-Kharanah, and Qasr al-Tubah. Apparently these examples of princely architecture ...
- Qasr at-Tubah
- (from the article "Islamic arts") ...Qasr al-Hayr East, Qasr al-Hayr West, Jabal Says, Khirbat Minyah, Khirbat al-Mafjar, Mshatta, Qasr 'Amrah, Qasr al-Kharanah, and Qasr al-Tubah. Apparently these examples of princely architecture belong to a group ...
- Qasr-e Shirin, Treaty of
- (from the article "Iraq") The Treaty of Qasr-e Shirin (also called the Treaty of Zuhab) of 1639 brought an end to 150 years of intermittent warfare between the Ottomans and Safavids and established a ...
- Qassam
- (from the article "Israel") ...decline in the number of suicide bombings in Israel proper, and those that occurred took place in the south of the country where the barrier was not yet in place. ...
- Qataban kingdom
- (from the article "Arabia, history of") The heartland of the Qataban people was Wadi Bayhan, with the capital, Timna', at its northern end, and Wadi Harib, immediately west of Bayhan. As in the case of Ma'in, ...
- Qatabanian
- (from the article "South Arabic language") Minaean, Sabaean, Qatabanian, and Hadramawtian are the four known South Arabic dialects of ancient times. The earliest South Arabic inscriptions, dating from the 8th century BCE, are in the Minaean ...
- Qatar
- independent emirate on the west coast of the Persian Gulf. [26 Related Articles]
- Qatar Airways
- (from the article "The Gulf States' Construction Boom") ...such a relatively brief period. In less than two decades, locally headquartered airlines had set exceptionally high standards, notably Dubai's Emirates Airways, Abu Dhabi's Al-Ittihad Airways, and Qatar Airways. These ...
- Qatar Central Bank
- (from the article "Qatar") Qatar has a relatively small banking system, which is one of the least developed of the Arab gulf states. The Qatar Central Bank (Masraf Qatar al-Markazi), founded in 1993, provides ...
- Qatar General Petroleum Corporation
- (from the article "Qatar") ...original oil concession was granted to the Iraq Petroleum Company (IPC), a consortium of European and American firms. This and later concessions were nationalized in the 1970s. While state-owned Qatar ...
- Qatar National Bank
- (from the article "Qatar") Qatar National Bank again received the country's highest possible credit rating from the world's leading rating institutions, and the Qatari Financial Centre, along with its Kuwaiti and Abu Dhabi associates, ...
- Qatar National Museum
- (from the article "Qatar") Located in a former palace, the Qatar National Museum (founded 1975), in Doha, includes displays on the country's history and archaeology as well as a model lagoon in which Qatari ...
- Qatar Steel Company
- (from the article "Qatar") Qatar has sought to diversify its economy through industrialization. Most of the manufacturing sector comprises large firms of mixed state and foreign private ownership. For example, the Qatar Petrochemical Company ...
- Qatar, flag of
- vertically divided white-maroon national flag. Its width-to-length ratio is 11 to 28.
- Qatar, history of
- (from the article "Qatar") Little is known of Qatar's history before the 18th century, when the region's population consisted largely of Bedouin nomads and there were only a few small fishing villages. Qatar's modern ...
- Qatif, Al-
- town and oasis, Al-Sharqiyah (Eastern) region, northeastern Saudi Arabia. It lies along the Persian Gulf, over Al-Qatif petroleum field. Since the development of the oil fields in the late 1940s, ...
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