(from the article "primate") ...primates date to about 60 million years ago, as complete skulls and partial postcranial skeletons are available for the genera Plesiadapis, Ignacius, and Palaechthon from Europe and North America. The ...
(from the article "mollusk") ...ciliary suspension feeders burrowing in soft sediments or attached by byssus gland of foot on hard substrata in 0-10,700 m; 1 mm to 1.35 m; 3 subclasses: Ctenidiobranchia (Nuculida), Palaeobranchia ...
(from the article "crustacean") ...with pleopods and terminal uropods.Carboniferous to present; no carapace.Carboniferous to Permian; first thoracic segment not fused to head; abdominal pleopods 2-branched, flaplike; 4...
(from the article "beaver") ...history of 24 extinct genera extending back to the Late Eocene Epoch of Asia and the Early Oligocene of Europe and North America. Most were terrestrial burrowers, such as
(from the article "cephalopod") In the Octopoda the shell persists as cartilaginous stylets or fin supports. Palaeoctopus newboldi, the oldest known octopod, from the Cretaceous of Syria, was already too advanced to provide a ...
(from the article "artiodactyl") ...in three suborders; the more primitive Suiformes, centred around pigs, the Tylopoda, centred on camels, and the Ruminantia or ruminants. The most primitive artiodactyls are the suiform group Palaeodonta, which ...
(from the article "bivalve") ...scallops capable of swimming; some deepwater scallops predatory; marine; epibyssate; cemented by lower or left valve or free. About 600 species.Characterized by equal shell valves with a variable hinge ...
Byzantine family that became prominent in the 11th century, the members of which married into the imperial houses of Comnenus, Ducas, and Angelus. Michael VIII Palaeologus, emperor at Nicaea in ... [4 Related Articles]
(from the article "Greece, history of") ...Greek recovery, it was taken by the Serbs in 1348. Ioannina and Arta were its main political centres. From 1366 to 1384 Ioannina was ruled by Thomas Komnenos Palaeologus, also ...
(from the article "Ivan III") ...only too real, and another wife had to be sought. Curiously, the initiative seems to have come from outside; in 1469 Cardinal Bessarion wrote from Rome offering Ivan the hand ...
(from the article "fish") ...fishes they had peculiar looking jaws and tails. Their tails were heterocercal. On their bodies were thick ganoid scales that abutted each other, rather than overlapping as in most modern ...
(from the article "crustacean") ...evolved by this time. It is only when the later, more highly evolved class Malacostraca is studied that there is good agreement between comparative anatomy and the fossil record. The ...
(from the article "primate") 3 genera and about 14 species from Madagascar. Holocene.4 genera and 5 species from Madagascar, all extinct within the past 2,000 years....
(from the article "dinosaur") ...bony plates that completely encased the back and flanks. Most ankylosaurs, such as Euoplocephalus, Nodosaurus, and Palaeoscincus, were relatively low and ...
(from the article "fish") ...covering skin in some; gill bars and jaws well developed in reasonably well-preserved specimens; marine. Small; length about 25 cm (roughly 10 in.).Middle Devonian. Relationships uncertain, not a typical ...
genus of enigmatic fossil vertebrates that were very fishlike in appearance but of uncertain relationships. Palaeospondylus, from the Middle Devonian epoch (398 million to 385 million years ago), has been ... [1 Related Articles]
(from the article "bivalve") ...parasitic, and some deepwater species predatory; microphagous feeding; mostly marine, at all depths, also estuarine and freshwater; about 8,000 extant species.Numerous similar teeth along the hinge plate; isomyarian; ...
(from the article "Arabia") ...and Trachonitis, with Bozrah as the capital, and a southern province, with Petra as capital. The southern province, united to Palestine by the emperor Constantine I the Great, became known ...
(from the article "Bagheria") town, northwestern Sicily, Italy, 8 miles (13 km) east-southeast of the city of Palermo. A resort of wealthy Palermitans, Bagheria is noted for several historic villas. The best-known are Villa ...
one of the ancient Anatolian languages, Palaic was spoken in Pala, a land located to the northwest of Hittite territory and across the Halys (now the Kizil) River. The resemblance ... [2 Related Articles]
(from the article "myth") ...the scrutiny of myths in such a way as to make sense of the statements contained in them without taking literally their references to gods, monsters, or the supernatural. Thus, ...
(from the article "theatre") ...1689 from a converted tennis court. The stage was equipped for flat wings and shutters, but since scene changes were few, the machinery was minimal. The typical background for tragedies ...
(from the article "Delacroix, Eugene") ...Delacroix was favoured with a string of important commissions to decorate government buildings. His first commission, in 1833-36, was to paint a group of murals for the Salon du Roi ...
(from the article "Paris") Opposite the middle of the Louvre, the Place du Palais-Royal leads to the palace of Cardinal de Richelieu, which he willed to the royal family. Louis XIV lived there as ...
(from the article "Scythian") ...the royal family intermarried with Greeks. In 339 the ruler Ateas was killed at the age of 90 while fighting Philip II of Macedonia. The community was eventually destroyed in ...
Orthodox monk, theologian, and intellectual leader of Hesychasm, an ascetical method of mystical prayer that integrates repetitive prayer formulas with bodily postures and controlled breathing. He was appointed bishop of ... [10 Related Articles]
in Greek legend, the son of Nauplius (king of Euboea) and Clymene and a hero of the Trojan War. Palamedes is a prominent figure in post-Homeric legends about the siege ... [1 Related Articles]
(from the article "Two Noble Kinsmen, The") ...of Athens, is preparing to marry Hippolyta, queen of the Amazons, accompanied by her sister, Emilia, and his friend, Pirithous, when he is called upon to wage war on the ...
(from the article "crewel work") Crewel work designs were inspired by source books of ornaments or embroidery pattern books that had been published in Europe since the 16th century. Palampores, hand-painted (stenciled) cotton fabrics imported ...
urban settlement and administrative centre of Koryak autonomous okrug (district), Kamchatka oblast (province), far eastern Russia. The settlement is situated on the western coast of the Kamchatka Peninsula and lies ...
American actor (b. Feb. 18, 1919, Lattimer Mines, Pa.-d. Nov. 10, 2006, Montecito, Calif.), was often typecast in menacing roles, largely because of his chiseled features and imposing physique. As ... [1 Related Articles]
kotamadya (municipality), capital of Central Kalimantan propinsi (province), south-central Borneo, Indonesia. Palangkaraya lies west of the Kahayan River. It was occupied by the Japanese during World War II and was ... [1 Related Articles]
city, Gujarat state, west-central India. It lies in the lowlands between the Aravalli Range and the Kathiawar Peninsula. The former capital of the princely state of Palanpur, the city is ...
(from the article "gutta-percha") yellowish or brownish leathery material derived from the latex of certain trees in Malaysia, the South Pacific, and South America, especially Palaquium oblongifolia and, formerly, P. gutta. To obtain the ...
river in southern India. It rises near the Ponnaiyar River, southwest of Chintamani, in Karnataka state, and flows 183 miles (295 km) southeastward through Tamil Nadu state to the Bay ...
pileless, handwoven floor covering made in most of the rug-weaving areas of the Middle East. The term is used variously as a label for rugs woven in different techniques, and ...
in phonetics, a consonant sound produced by raising the blade, or front, of the tongue toward or against the hard palate just behind the alveolar ridge (the gums). The German ... [2 Related Articles]
(from the article "cleft palate") a fairly common congenital deformity in which the palatal plates (in the roof of the mouth) fail to close during the second month of prenatal life. The resulting fissure may ...
(from the article "Altaic languages") The Altaic languages exhibit two kinds of sound harmony affecting the vowels and velar stops. In palatal vowel harmony, all the vowels of a given word are back or they ...
in phonetics, the production of consonants with the blade, or front, of the tongue drawn up farther toward the roof of the mouth (hard palate) than in their normal pronunciation. ... [2 Related Articles]
in vertebrate anatomy, the roof of the mouth, separating the oral and nasal cavities. It consists of an anterior hard palate of bone and, in mammals, a posterior soft palate ... [8 Related Articles]
in German history, the lands of the count palatine, a title held by a leading secular prince of the Holy Roman Empire. Geographically, the Palatinate was divided between two small ... [8 Related Articles]
village, Cook county, northeastern Illinois, U.S. Palatine is a suburb of Chicago, lying about 30 miles (50 km) northwest of the city. The community, established in 1855 when a Chicago ...
any of diverse officials found in numerous countries of medieval and early modern Europe. Originally the term was applied to the chamberlains and troops guarding the palace of the Roman ... [1 Related Articles]
private chapel associated with a residence, especially of an emperor. Many of the early Christian emperors built private churches in their palaces-often more than one-as described in literary sources of ... [4 Related Articles]
(from the article "Palermo") Palermo has some notable buildings from the Norman and succeeding periods. A distinctive Arab-Norman architecture is seen in the Royal Palace, which contains the Palatine Chapel (1132-89), one of the ...
(from the article "Turin") ...and Augusta Taurinorum, rebuilt by the emperor Augustus in the form of an enclosed rectangle divided into 72 blocks (insulae). The remains of the walls and the ...
four-sided plateau rising 131 feet (40 metres) south of the Forum in Rome and 168 feet (51 metres) above sea level. It has a circumference of 5,700 feet (1,740 metres). ... [5 Related Articles]
(from the article "Pontifical Gendarmerie") ...Vatican City. In the late 19th and early 20th centuries they shared jurisdiction with the long-established Swiss Guards (responsible for the personal security of the pope) and the largely ceremonial ...
(from the article "digestive system, human") ...pharynx. The latter two are airways, whereas the oral pharynx is shared by both the respiratory and digestive tracts. On either side of the opening between the mouth cavity and ...
(from the article "calligraphy") In Rome in 1540 Giovanni Battista Palatino published his Libro nuovo d'imparare a scrivere ("New Book for Learning to Write"), which proved to be, along with the ...
city, seat (1849) of Putnam county, northeastern Florida, U.S., on the broad St. Johns River, about 50 miles (80 km) south of Jacksonville. Beginning in the 17th century the area ...
(from the article "Romance languages") One noticeable difference between Latin and all the Romance languages is that the consonantal systems of the latter include a number of palatal and palato-alveolar consonants which did not exist ...
country in the western Pacific Ocean. It consists of some 340 coral and volcanic islands perched on the Kyushu-Palau Ridge. The Palau (also spelled Belau or Pelew) archipelago lies in ... [21 Related Articles]
(from the article "Palau") ...Taiwan, Kiribati, Marshall Islands, Nauru, Solomon Islands, and Tuvalu to the first Taiwan-Pacific Allies Summit. Palau had been chosen by Taiwanese Pres. Chen Shui-bian as the best site to sign ...
(from the article "owl") ...most oceanic islands. Some, such as the barn owl (Tyto alba) and the short-eared owl (Asio flammeus), are among the most widely distributed birds; others, such as the Palau owl ...
(from the article "Palau") ...in a diverse population, which since the late 18th century has also included Europeans, Japanese, and Americans. The southwest islanders, who are culturally and linguistically distinct from the Palauans, are ...
major language of Palau, in the western Pacific Ocean. It is classified as belonging to the eastern branch of the Austronesian (Malayo-Polynesian) family of languages. Like Chamorro, which is spoken ... [3 Related Articles]
hill people of the Shan region and adjacent areas of eastern Myanmar (Burma), as well as southwestern Yunnan province of China. They numbered about 240,000 in the late 20th century ... [1 Related Articles]
branch of the Mon-Khmer group of the Austroasiatic languages. Palaungic languages are spoken primarily in Myanmar (Burma) and secondarily in Thailand, Laos, Vietnam, and Yunnan province in China. The members ...
island, the southwesternmost large island of the Philippines. Palawan is long and narrow and trends northeast-southwest between the South China and Sulu seas. It has a maximum width of 24 ... [1 Related Articles]
(from the article "badger") Stink badgers consist of two species, the Malayan stink badger (Mydaus javanensis), also called the skunk badger or teledu, and the Palawan, or Calamanian, stink badger (
city, southern Tamil Nadu state, southeastern India. It lies across the Tambraparni River from its twin city of Tirunelveli. Palayankottai is a residential and educational centre in the Tirunelveli urban ...
(from the article "Italian literature") ...(1927; The Devil at the Long Bridge) and Il mulino del Po (1938-40; The Mill on the Po), produced historical narrative writing of lasting quality. Aldo Palazzeschi, in Stampe dell'Ottocento ...
(from the article "stadium") ...17,500 (both original structures have been demolished). For the 1960 Olympics in Rome, the leading Italian architect-engineer Pier Luigi Nervi created the Roman sports complex, which included the Palazzetto dello ...
summer palace and horse farm near Mantua, Italy, of Duke Federico Gonzaga II. It was designed and built (c. 1525-35) by Giulio Romano, who also executed several of the fresco ... [2 Related Articles]
town, southeastern Sicily, Italy. It lies in the Iblei Mountains, west of Syracuse. The successor to the Syracusan colony of Acrae (founded nearby in 663 BC), which was ravaged by ...
(from the article "mollusk") ...about 600 recent species (some 10,000 fossil forms) of 1 cm to 8 m (+14 m arms) in size; basically pelagic marine carnivores from the surface to 5,400 m depth ...
(from the article "heraldry") The honourable ordinaries and subordinaries may be generally agreed as numbering about 20. Among them are: the chief, being the top third of the shield; the pale, a third of ...
(from Latin palus, "stake"), district separated from the surrounding country by defined boundaries or distinguished by a different administrative and legal system. It is this definition of pale from which ...
(from the article "beer") ...by the market porters in London. Brewers in Burton upon Trent, using the famous hard waters of that region and pale malts roasted in coke-fired kilns, created pale ales, also ...
(from the article "fox") ...slopes and streambeds of Nepal; length to 70 cm, weight up to 4 kg or more; colour is variable.1.5-3.5-kg fox inhabiting the Sahel savannas ...
(from the article "kangaroo mouse") ...megacephalus) has buff or brownish upperparts tinted with black and has gray or whitish underparts with a black-tipped tail, whereas the upperparts and entire tail of the pale kangaroo mouse ...
(from the article "pale") In imperial Russia, what came to be called the Pale of Settlement (Cherta Osedlosti) came into being as a result of the introduction of large numbers of Jews into the ...
(from the article "meat processing") Pale, soft, and exudative (PSE) meat is the result of a rapid postmortem pH decline while the muscle temperature is too high. This combination of low pH and high temperature ...
(from the article "pale") Other examples of pales include the English pales in Ireland and France. "The Pale" in Ireland (so named after the late 14th century) was established at the time of Henry ...
(from the article "saki") The male pale-headed saki (P. pithecia) is black with a whitish face surrounding the dark muzzle, but the female is grizzled gray with a gray face and ...
(from the article "Poaceae") ...overlapping scales. There are three kinds of scales. The lowermost, called glumes, are usually two in number, and they enclose some or all of the other scales. The other scales, ...
(from the article "fern") ...a headlike cluster of secretory terminal cells), simple (unbranched) nonglandular hairs; dendroid hairs (branching filaments), and scales (flat cell plates) of many patterns. Scales (also known as paleae) are defined ...
(from the article "Hus, Jan") ...Hus did not share all of Wycliffe's radical views, such as that on remanence, but several members of the reform party did, among them Hus's teacher, Stanislav of Znojmo, and ...
kotamadya (municipality) and capital of South Sumatra (Sumatera Selatan) propinsi (province), Indonesia. It lies on both banks of the Musi River, there spanned by the Ampera Bridge. Sumatra's second largest ... [2 Related Articles]
provincia (province) in the Castile-Leon comunidad autonoma (autonomous community), northern Spain. It is bounded by the provinces of Cantabria to the north, Burgos to ...
capital of Palencia provincia (province), in Castile-Leon comunidad autonoma (autonomous community), north-central Spain. It lies on the Campos Plain southwest of Burgos. Called the ...
(from the article "Spain") ...Islamic religious texts in the 12th century for Peter the Venerable, the abbot of Cluny. Early in the 13th century Alfonso VIII of Castile and Alfonso IX of Leon founded ...
Indian tribe of northern Venezuela at the time of the Spanish conquest (16th century). The Palenque were closely related to the neighbouring Cumanagoto (q.v.); their language probably belonged to the ... [1 Related Articles]
ruined ancient Mayan city of the Late Classic Period (c. AD 600-900) in what is now Chiapas state, Mexico, about 80 miles (130 km) south of Ciudad del Carmen. Its ... [2 Related Articles]
(from the article "Asia") ...collage was coeval with the late Paleozoic assembly of the Pangaea supercontinent (between about 320 and 245 million years ago). The Altaids lay to the north of the Paleo-Tethys Ocean ...
(from the article "Anthropology and Archaeology") ...reached widespread agreement that the first settlement of the Americas took place almost 20,000 years ago, though exactly when remained controversial. Many experts believed that the first Paleo-Indians traveled south ...
any member of those peoples of northeastern Siberia who are believed to be remnants of earlier and more extensive populations pushed into this area by later Neosiberians. The Paleo-Siberians include ... [2 Related Articles]
languages spoken in Asian Russia (Siberia) that belong to four genetically unrelated groups-Yeniseian, Luorawetlan, Yukaghir, and Nivkh. [2 Related Articles]
interdisciplinary branch of anthropology concerned with the origins and development of early humans. Fossils are assessed by the techniques of physical anthropology, comparative anatomy, and the theory of evolution. Artifacts, ... [6 Related Articles]
(from the article "paleogeography") The past distribution of plants and animals can give important clues about the latitudinal position of the continents as well as their relative positions. Cold-water faunas can often be distinguished ...
(from the article "geology") Paleobotany is the study of fossil plants. The oldest widely occurring fossils are various forms of calcareous algae that apparently lived in shallow seas, although some may have lived in ...
(from the article "ocean") Through knowledge of the ocean sedimentary record, the history of plate motions, glacial changes, and established relations between present sedimentation patterns and environmental factors, it is possible to reconstruct an ...
first major worldwide division of rocks and time of the Paleogene Period, spanning the interval between 65.5 million and 55.8 million years ago. The Paleocene Epoch was preceded by the ... [12 Related Articles]
(from the article "climate change") ...interval of maximum temperature occurred during the late Paleocene and early Eocene epochs (48 million to 59 million years ago). The highest global temperatures of the Cenozoic occurred during the ...
(from the article "nervous system") ...part of the cerebellum-the archicerebellum-is concerned with equilibrium and connected with the inner ear and the lateral-line system. The anterior lobe of the cerebellum represents the paleocerebellum, an area that ...
