city, seat (1833) of Neshoba county, east-central Mississippi, U.S., and headquarters of the Choctaw Indian Agency, 80 miles (130 km) northeast of Jackson. It was settled on an old Native ...
city and port, coextensive with Philadelphia county, southeastern Pennsylvania, U.S. It is situated at the confluence of the Delaware and Schuylkill rivers.
(1876), international trade fair, the first exposition of its kind in the United States, held in celebration of the 100th anniversary of the Declaration of Independence.
American symphony orchestra, based in Philadelphia, Pa. It was founded in 1900 under the direction of Fritz Sheel, who served until 1907. Subsequent conductors have been Carl Pohlig (1907-12), Leopold ...
first zoo in the United States, opened in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, in 1874 with an animal inventory of several hundred native and exotic specimens. It was begun and continues to be ...
genus of deciduous shrubs of the family Hydrangeaceae, including the popular garden forms commonly known as mock orange (from its characteristic orange-blossom fragrance) and sweet syringa. Philadelphus, comprising about 65 ...
island in the Nile River between the old Aswan Dam and the Aswan High Dam, in Aswan muhafazah (governorate), southern Egypt. Its ancient Egyptian name was P-aaleq; the Coptic-derived name ...
a nongovernmental, nonprofit organization, with assets provided by donors and managed by its own officials and with income expended for socially useful purposes. Foundation, endowment, and charitable trust are terms ...
late 18th-century school (1774-93) founded in Dessau, Germany, by the educator Johann Bernhard Basedow to implement the educational ideas of Jean-Jacques Rousseau. Aiming to foster in its students a humanitarian ...
Russian Orthodox biblical theologian and metropolitan, or archbishop, of Moscow whose scholarship, oratory, and administrative ability made him the leading Russian churchman of the 19th century.
French administrator and diplomat who, in the formative years of colonialism in French Indochina, played a crucial role in mitigating relations between the European colonialists and the French administration, on ...
the study of postage stamps, stamped envelopes, postmarks, postcards, and other materials relating to postal delivery. The term philately also denotes the collecting of these items. The term was coined ...
in Greek mythology, a pious Phrygian couple who hospitably received Zeus and Hermes when their richer neighbours turned away the two gods, who were disguised as wayfarers. As a reward, ...
brief New Testament letter written by Paul the Apostle to a wealthy Christian of Colossae, Asia Minor, on behalf of Onesimus, Philemon's former slave. Paul, writing from prison, expresses affection ...
founder (reigned 282-263) of the Attalid dynasty, a line of rulers of a powerful kingdom of Pergamum, in northwest Asia Minor, in the 3rd and 2nd centuries BC.
Greek poet and grammarian from the Aegean island of Cos, regarded as the founder of the Hellenistic school of poetry, which flourished in Alexandria after c. 323 BC. He is ...
(Greek: Friendly Brotherhood), Greek revolutionary secret society founded by merchants in Odessa in 1814 to overthrow Ottoman rule in southeastern Europe and to establish an independent Greek state. The society's ...
landgrave (Landgraf) of Hesse (1509-67), one of the great figures of German Protestantism, who championed the independence of German princes against the Holy Roman emperor Charles V.
antipope in July 768. Temporal rulers coveted the papal throne following the death (767) of Pope St. Paul I, and Toto, duke of Nepi, had his brother Constantine II, a ...
king of France (1059/60-1108) who came to the throne at a time when the Capetian monarchy was extremely weak but who succeeded in enlarging the royal treasury by a policy ...
king of the Spaniards (1556-98) and king of the Portuguese (as Philip I, 1580-98), champion of the Roman Catholic Counter-Reformation. During his reign the Spanish Empire attained its greatest power, ...
the first of the great Capetian kings of medieval France (reigned 1179-1223), who gradually reconquered the French territories held by the kings of England and also furthered the royal domains ...
duke of Burgundy (1363-1404) and the youngest son of the French king John II the Good. One of the most powerful men of his day in France, he was for ...
18th king of Macedonia (359-336 BC), who restored internal peace to his country and then, by 339, had gained domination over all Greece by military and diplomatic means, thus laying ...
king of Spain and of Portugal (as Philip II) whose reign (1598-1621) was characterized by a successful peaceful foreign policy in western Europe and internally by the expulsion of the ...
the most important of the Valois dukes of Burgundy (reigned 1419-67) and the true founder of the Burgundian state that rivaled France in the 15th century.
king of France (1270-85), in whose reign the power of the monarchy was enlarged and the royal domain extended, though his foreign policy and military ventures were largely unsuccessful.
king of France from 1285 to 1314 (and of Navarre, as Philip I, from 1284 to 1305, ruling jointly with his wife, Joan I of Navarre). His long struggle with ...
one of the Twelve Apostles. Mentioned only by name in the Apostle lists of the Synoptic Gospels, he is a frequent character in the Gospel According to John, according to ...
in the early Christian church, one of the seven deacons appointed to tend the Christians of Jerusalem, thereby enabling the Apostles to freely conduct their missions. His energetic preaching, however, ...
king of Macedonia from 221 to 179, whose attempt to extend Macedonian influence throughout Greece resulted in his defeat by Rome. His career is significant mainly as an episode in ...
king of Spain from 1700 (except for a brief period from January to August 1724) and founder of the Bourbon dynasty in Spain. During his reign Spain regained much of ...
king of France (from 1316) and king of Navarre (as Philip II, from 1314), who largely succeeded in restoring the royal power to what it had been under his father, ...
first French king of the Valois dynasty. Reigning at the outbreak of the Hundred Years' War (1337-1453), he had no means of imposing on his country the measures necessary for ...
city, seat (1844) of Barbour county, northeastern West Virginia, U.S. It lies in the Tygart Valley River valley, about 13 miles (21 km) south of Grafton. Settled in 1780, it ...
hill town in the nomos (department) of Kavala, Greece, overlooking the coastal plain and the bay at Neapolis (Kavala). Philip II of Macedon fortified this old Thasian settlement in 356 ...
New Testament letter written by Paul the Apostle, while he was in prison (probably at Rome about AD 62), and addressed to the Christian congregation he had established in Macedonia. ...
Byzantine emperor whose brief reign (711-713) was marked by his quarrels with the papacy and his ineffectiveness in defending the empire from Bulgar and Arab invaders.
independent church organized in 1902 after the Philippine revolution of 1896-98 as a protest against the Spanish clergy's control of the Roman Catholic Church. Cofounders of the church were Isabelo ...
about 70 to 75 aboriginal languages of the Philippine Islands. They belong to the Indonesian branch of the Austronesian family and are subdivided into two main subgroups-the central (or Mesophilippine) ...
(1896-98), Filipino independence struggle that, after more than 300 years of Spanish colonial rule, exposed the weakness of Spanish administration but failed to evict Spaniards from the islands. The Spanish-American ...
section of the western North Pacific Ocean, lying east and north of the Philippines. The floor of this portion of the ocean is formed into a structural basin by a ...
(June 19-20, 1944), naval battle of World War II between the Japanese Combined Fleet and the U.S. 5th Fleet. It accompanied the U.S. landing on Saipan and was known as ...
submarine trench in the floor of the Philippine Sea of the western North Pacific Ocean bordering the east coast of the island of Mindanao. The abyss, which reaches the second ...
a war between the United States and Filipino revolutionaries from 1899 to 1902; the insurrection may be seen as a continuation of the Philippine Revolution against Spanish rule. The Treaty ...
country in Southeast Asia. It is an archipelago consisting of some 7,100 islands and islets lying about 500 miles off the coast. The total land area of the Philippines is ...
major Dutch manufacturer of consumer electronics, electronic components, medical imaging equipment, household appliances, lighting equipment, and computer and telecommunications equipment.
one of a people of Aegean origin who settled on the southern coast of Palestine in the 12th century BC, about the time of the arrival of the Israelites. According ...
island astride the entrance to Western Port (bay) on the south coast of Victoria, Australia, southeast of Melbourne. About 14 miles (23 km) long and 6 miles (10 km) at ...
private, coeducational college-preparatory school (grades 9-12) in Andover, Massachusetts, U.S. Features of its 500-acre (200-hectare) campus include a bird sanctuary, the Addison Gallery of American Art, and the Robert S. ...
museum containing an outstanding small collection of late 19th- and 20th-century American and European painting and sculpture that was founded in 1918 by Duncan Phillips. It is housed in Phillips' ...
