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Old Khmer language ... Oldroyd, James Gardner

Old Khmer language: (from the article "Austroasiatic languages") ...Asia at the time. Both Austroasiatic groups modified these alphabets in their own way, to suit the complex phonology of their languages. The most ancient inscriptions extant are in Old ...
Old Kingdom: (from the article "Egypt, ancient") The Old Kingdomburial site at SaqqarahSaqqarahAround the pyramids of their sovereigns, the Old Kingdom (c. 2575-c. 2130 BCE) nobles were ...
Old Kingdom: (from the article "epigraphy") ...These documents begin with the oldest known Hittite text, the inscription of the early ruler Anittas, detailing dynastic struggles of an obscure and possibly apocryphal past. From the founder of ...
Old Kipchak language: (from the article "Turkic languages") The "Middle Turkic" period, which began in the 13th century, embraces several regional written languages: Khwarezmian Turkic, Volga Bolgarian, Old Kipchak, Old Ottoman, and Early Chagatai. Khwarezmian, used in the ...
Old Korean language: (from the article "Korean language") ...Several hundred words of early Middle Korean were written with phonograms in the vocabularies compiled by the Chinese as far back as 1103. A still earlier form of the language, ...
Old Kutani ware: (from the article "Kutani ware") Japanese porcelain made in Kaga province (now in Ishikawa prefecture). The name "Old Kutani" refers to porcelain decorated with heavily applied overglaze enamels and produced in the Kaga mountain village ...
old law: (from the article "Roman law") When the Byzantine emperor Justinian I assumed rule in AD 527, he found the law of the Roman Empire in a state of great confusion. It consisted of two masses ...
Old Library: (from the article "Venice") The Campanile stands close to the 21 bays of the Old Library (1529, also called the National Marcian Library or the Library of St. Mark), on the western side of ...
Old Lithuanian language: (from the article "Indo-European languages") ...inflected for case at all. In some languages, to be sure, nouns have begun fusing with words placed directly after the nouns to create new case systems, coexisting with relics ...
old maid: simple card game popular with young children. It takes its name from a 19th-century specially illustrated deck of cards showing colourful characters in matching pairs, plus a single old maid ... [1 Related Articles]
Old Malay language: (from the article "Austronesian languages") ...Three stone inscriptions associated with the Indianized state of Srivijaya in southern Sumatra and bearing the dates AD 683, 684, and 686 are written in a language generally called Old ...
Old Man Coyote: (from the article "primitive culture") ...reflected the varying sources of the original religions of the pre-horse tribes. Some elements, however, became widespread in the Plains. The folk hero of a great many myths was the ...
Old Man of Hoy: (from the article "Hoy") ...is a lofty island-its name means "High Island"-with a spectacularly indented coastline of red sandstone cliffs that reach heights of more than 1,000 feet (300 metres). The Old Man of ...
Old Man of Storr: (from the article "Skye") ...of 3,257 feet (993 metres) above sea level-dominate the landscape in south-central Skye. North of Portree is the curious basaltic group of pinnacles at Storr, the most remarkable of which, ...
old man of the Nemda Mountain, the: (from the article "Finno-Ugric religion") ...signs of the worship of tribal chiefs, for example, in the forest sanctuary worship of the Udmurt (lud) and the Volga Finns (keremet). The best-known of the Cheremis princes, called ...
Old Marseille, Museum of: (from the article "Marseille") Marseille has several museums, including a very popular Children's Museum. The Museum of Old Marseille was installed in 1960 next to the City Hall in Diamond House (La Maison Diamantee), ...
Old Mon language: (from the article "Austroasiatic languages") ...and several Mon communities in Thailand. The oldest inscriptions, dating from the 6th century, are found in central Thailand in archaeological sites associated with the Dvaravati kingdom. Numerous Old Mon ...
Old Mongolian language: (from the article "Mongolian languages") The history of the Mongolian language, both spoken and written, consists of three periods. The divisions of the spoken language are Old, or Ancient, Mongolian (through the 12th century), Middle ...
Old Montreal: (from the article "Montreal") ...life among the most advanced in the Western Hemisphere. Similar change has spread throughout the city, often obliterating historic landmarks, but still preserved is the historic centre known as Vieux-Montreal ...
Old Museum: (from the article "Western architecture") Schinkel's next major work in Berlin, the Old (Altes) Museum (1823-33), is important as an early example of a national museum built in order to educate the public. With its ...
Old National Gallery: art museum in Berlin, Ger., noted for its collection of 19th-century European painting and sculpture.
Old Norse language: classical North Germanic language used from roughly 1150 to 1350. It is the literary language of the Icelandic sagas, skaldic poems, and Eddas. The term Old Norse embraces Old Norwegian ... [8 Related Articles]
Old North Arabian language: (from the article "Arabia, history of") ...graffiti on rock, scattered widely through the peninsula. In all this material, only a handful of inscriptions can properly be called Arabic. In the north and centre the dominant linguistic ...
Old Norwegian language: (from the article "biblical literature") ...Vulgate and all somewhat free. The earliest and most celebrated is that of Genesis-Kings in the so-called Stjorn ("Guidance"; i.e., of God) manuscript in the Old Norwegian language, probably to ...
Old Nubian language: (from the article "Nubian languages") Documents in Old Nubian, which appears to be the ancestor of modern Central Nubian, date from the end of the 8th century to the beginning of the 14th century. These ...
Old Order Amish Mennonite Church: (from the article "Amish") member of a Christian group in North America, primarily the Old Order Amish Mennonite Church. The church originated in the late 17th century among followers of Jakob Ammann.
Old Ottoman language: (from the article "Turkic languages") The "Middle Turkic" period, which began in the 13th century, embraces several regional written languages: Khwarezmian Turkic, Volga Bolgarian, Old Kipchak, Old Ottoman, and Early Chagatai. Khwarezmian, used in the ...
Old Paphos: (from the article "Paphos") town, southwestern Republic of Cyprus. Paphos was also the name of two ancient cities that were the precursors of the modern town. The older ancient city (Greek: Palaipaphos) was located ...
Old Persian language: (from the article "cuneiform") ...because almost only among the Persians was cuneiform used primarily for monumental writing, and the remains (such as rock carvings) were in many cases readily accessible. Scattered examples of Old ...
Old Philharmonic Pitch: (from the article "pitch") After about 1760 the conventional pitch rose, reaching a' = 440 by about 1820. By the latter half of the 19th century, it reached the "Old Philharmonic Pitch" of about ...
Old Point Comfort: historic spit and point, part of the city of Hampton, southeastern Virginia, U.S. It lies at the southeast end of the peninsula between the James and York rivers and is ...
Old Port: (from the article "Marseille") Marseille lies in a sheltered depression surrounded by hills, which have inhibited the development of suburbs. The Old Port is a natural harbour and one of the most westerly of ...
Old Procurators' Offices: (from the article "Venice") ...San Marco, a vast paved and arcaded square. Napoleon called the piazza the finest drawing room in Europe. The northern and southern wings of the square are formed by two ...
Old Prussian language: West Baltic language extinct since the 17th century; it was spoken in the former German area of East Prussia (now in Poland and Russia). The poorly attested Yotvingian dialect was ... [2 Related Articles]
Old Raadsaal: (from the article "Bloemfontein") ...on Naval Hill. The city contains the national Court of Appeal, the province's oldest Dutch Reformed Church (Moeder Kerk), the Fourth Raadsaal (the current seat of the provincial council), and ...
Old Red Sandstone: thick sequence of Devonian rocks (formed from 416 million to 359.2 million years ago) that are continental rather than marine in origin and occur in northwestern Europe, Scandinavia, Greenland, and ... [6 Related Articles]
Old River: (from the article "Atchafalaya River") distributary of the Red and Mississippi rivers in Louisiana, U.S. It branches southwest from the Red River near a point in east-central Louisiana where the Old River (about 7 miles ...
Old Roman chant: repertory of liturgical melodies written in Rome between the 11th and the 13th century and discovered about 1890.
Old Royal Naval College: (from the article "Greenwich") The Old Royal Naval College is located on the site of a 15th-century riverbank house that was converted into a royal palace (known as Placentia) by the Tudor monarchs. Henry ...
Old Russian: (from the article "Russian language") Russian and the other East Slavic languages (Ukrainian, Belarusian) did not diverge noticeably from one another until the Middle Russian period (the late 13th to the 16th century). The term ...
Old Russian literature: (from the article "Russian literature") The conventional term "Old Russian literature" is anachronistic for several reasons. The authors of works written during this time obviously did not think of themselves as "old Russians" or as ...
Old Saint Peter's Basilica: first basilica of St. Peter's in Rome, a five-aisled basilican-plan church with apsed transept at the west end that was begun between 326 and 333 at the order of the ... [4 Related Articles]
Old Saxon language: earliest recorded form of Low German, spoken by the Saxon tribes between the Rhine and Elbe rivers and between the North Sea and the Harz Mountains from the 9th until ... [1 Related Articles]
Old Saxon literature: (from the article "Old Saxon language") ...its preservation of the voiceless stops (p, t, k) common to all Germanic languages; in High German these stops were affricates (pf, tz, kh) or long fricatives (ff, ss, hh). ...
Old Saybrook: town (township), Middlesex county, southern Connecticut, U.S. It lies on Long Island Sound at the mouth of the Connecticut River. The town includes the resort borough of Fenwick, Old Saybrook ...
Old Scandinavian language: (from the article "Scandinavian languages") About 125 inscriptions dated from AD 200 to 600, carved in the older runic alphabet (futhark), are chronologically and linguistically the oldest evidence of any Germanic language. Most are from ...
Old School Presbyterian Church: (from the article "Hodge, Charles") ...of the day, though he remained firmly resistant to newer trends of thought. Hodge continued to teach at the seminary until his retirement in 1877. In 1846 he served for ...
Old South Arabian language: (from the article "Arabia, history of") ...Thamudic, and Safaitic); despite close connections between this group and Arabic, the latter cannot be regarded as lineally descended from it. The Yemenite inscriptions are in Old South Arabian (subclassified ...
Old Southwark: (from the article "Southwark") Old Southwark, known traditionally as The Borough, was a market town from early Saxon times. It became a haven for criminals and prostitutes in the Middle Ages. In the mid-16th ...
old squaw duck: (from the article "anseriform") Long-tailed, or old squaw, ducks (Clangula hyemalis) have been caught in fishing nets more than 50 metres (160 feet) deep, but this is exceptional; most species do not dive much ...
Old State Capitol: (from the article "Springfield") In the Old State Capitol (1837-53; rebuilt in the 1960s as a state historic site), Lincoln served his last term in the legislature (1840-41), practiced before the state Supreme Court, ...
Old State House: (from the article "Boston") ...mainland to the north and west. To the east, Town Cove indented Boston's harbour front and divided the city into the North End and the South End. The centre of ...
old style type: (from the article "typography") The first of these is called in most places old face-though Americans sometimes call it old style. In general, old faces were largely those types developed from c. 1722 to ...
Old Swan House: (from the article "Shaw, Norman") ...and Wispers (1876), both in Sussex, and Adcote (1876-81) in Shropshire. His London town houses are exemplified in Lowther Lodge (1874), Kensington; Shaw's own house (1875), Hampstead; and Old Swan ...
Old Testament: Biblical Literature. [49 Related Articles]
Old Text school: (from the article "Confucianism") ...popularity, his worldview was not universally accepted by Han Confucian scholars. A reaction in favour of a more rational and moralistic approach to the Confucian Classics, known as the "Old ...
Old Tom: (from the article "gin") United States producers sometimes age their gins, imparting pale-golden colour. Dutch gins may have similar colour, resulting from the addition of caramel colouring. Old Tom is a slightly sweetened gin, ...
Old Town: (from the article "Brussels") Seen from the air, the historic Old Town of Inner Brussels has the shape of a pentagon. It forms the centre of the modern metropolis, but the walls that once ...
Old Town: (from the article "Prague") The economic expansion of the community was reflected in the topography of the city. A market centre on the right bank, opposite Hradcany, developed into the Old Town (Stare mesto), ...
Old Town: (from the article "Edinburgh") Edinburgh Castle, 443 feet (135 metres) above sea level, dominates the city. Archaeological excavations have shown that the Castle Rock, previously thought to have first been fortified as a stronghold ...
Old Town: (from the article "Richmond") ...in New York Harbor. The borough is linked to Brooklyn by the Verrazano-Narrows Bridge (see photograph). The first permanent settlement was made under Dutch authority in 1661 at Oude Dorp ...
Old Turkic language: (from the article "Turkic languages") The literary languages of the "Old Turkic" period may be divided into Old Turkic proper, Old Uighur, and Qarakhanid. The earliest known records of Old Turkic proper are inscriptions on ...
Old Uighur language: (from the article "Turkic languages") The literary languages of the "Old Turkic" period may be divided into Old Turkic proper, Old Uighur, and Qarakhanid. The earliest known records of Old Turkic proper are inscriptions on ...
Old Vic: theatre in the Greater London borough of Lambeth. It was formerly the home of a theatre company that became the nucleus of the National Theatre. [8 Related Articles]
Old Vic: (from the article "Old Vic") The company's theatre building opened in 1818 as the Royal Coburg and produced mostly popular melodramas. In 1833 it was redecorated and renamed the Royal Victoria and became popularly known ...
Old World avocet: (from the article "avocet") Four species occur discontinuously in temperate and tropical regions worldwide. The Old World avocet (R. avosetta) has the crown and hindneck black, the wings black and white. It breeds in ...
Old World flamingo: (from the article "flamingo") ...large colonies on the Atlantic and Gulf coasts of tropical and subtropical America. There are two subspecies of the greater flamingo: the Caribbean flamingo (P. ruber ruber) and the Old ...
Old World fruit bat: any of more than 180 species of large-eyed fruit-eating or flower-feeding bats widely distributed from Africa to Southeast Asia and Australia. Some species are solitary, some gregarious. Most roost in ... [3 Related Articles]
Old World harvest mouse: (from the article "harvest mouse") The single species of Old World harvest mouse (Micromys minutus) lives from Great Britain and Europe westward to Siberia and Korea, southern China, Assam, and Japan. As suggested by its ...
Old World monkey: (from the article "primate") ...fissural pattern is seen in its simplest form in the marmosets, but in the larger New World monkeys (capuchins, for instance), the cerebrum is richly convoluted. Gyri and sulci are ...
Old World painted snipe: (from the article "painted snipe") The Old World painted snipe (Rostratula benghalensis) ranges from Africa to Australia and Japan and has yellowish "spectacles" around the eyes. The South American painted snipe (Nycticryphes semicollaris) is a ...
Old World porcupine: (from the article "porcupine") ...but their tails range from short to long, with some being prehensile. The quills, or spines, take various forms depending on the species, but all are modified hairs embedded in ...
Old World rabbit: (from the article "lagomorph") ...Brachylagus, Bunolagus, Poelagus, Nesolagus). The most commonly recognized forms are the European rabbit (O. cuniculus) and the cottontail ...
Old World red fox: (from the article "fox") ...or so species classified as "true" foxes (genus Vulpes), especially the red, or common, fox (V. vulpes), which lives in both the Old World ...
Old World swallowtail butterfly: (from the article "community ecology") ...parasitically on that plant. In North America there are two groups of these butterflies that have evolved to use different hosts: the tiger swallowtail group and the Old World swallowtail ...
Old World viper: (from the article "viper") any of more than 200 species of venomous snakes belonging to two groups: pit vipers (subfamily Crotalinae) and Old World vipers (subfamily Viperinae), which are considered separate families by some ...
Old World water shrew: (from the article "water shrew") In addition to the North American and elegant water shrews, there are several species of Oriental water shrews (genus Chimarrogale) and three species of Old World water shrews (genus Neomys). ...
Old World Wisconsin: (from the article "Waukesha") ...is the seat of Carroll College (1846) and the two-year University of Wisconsin-Waukesha (1966). The local historical museum is housed in the former county courthouse building (built 1893). Old World ...
Old Xiang language: (from the article "Xiang language") Chinese language that is spoken in Hunan province. The two major varieties of Xiang are New Xiang and Old Xiang. New Xiang, which is spoken predominantly around Changsha, the capital ...
Old Zurich War: (from the article "Toggenburg Succession") ...control the shore of the lake. A meeting of the Swiss confederates in 1437 authorized Schwyz and Glarus to retain nearly all the occupied zone; Zurich's rejection of this settlement ...
old-man cactus: usually Cephalocereus senilis, a columnar species of cactus (family Cactaceae), native to central Mexico. Because of the wisps of whitish hair along its stem, it is a popular potted plant. ...
old-man's-beard: (from the article "beard lichen") ...eaten by wild animals or collected as fodder. In the past it was used as a remedy for whooping cough, catarrh, epilepsy, and dropsy. It has been used also as ...
Oldcastle, Sir John: distinguished soldier and martyred leader of the Lollards, a late medieval English sect derived from the teachings of John Wycliffe. He was an approximate model for 16th-century English dramatic characters, ... [2 Related Articles]
Oldenbarnevelt, Johan van: lawyer, statesman, and, after William I the Silent, the second founding father of an independent Netherlands. He mobilized Dutch forces under William's son Maurice and devised the anti-Spanish triple alliance ... [6 Related Articles]
Oldenburg: former German state, successively a countship, a duchy, a grand duchy, and a Land (state) before it became a Regierungsbezirk (administrative district) of Lower Saxony Land in West Germany in ...
Oldenburg: city, Lower Saxony Land (state), northwestern Germany. Situated at the junction of the Hunte River and the Kusten Canal, which links the Hunte and Ems rivers, about ... [1 Related Articles]
Oldenburg dynasty: (from the article "Denmark") ...The joint crown was offered to Erik's nephew Christopher III, but his reign did little to strengthen the union, which was temporarily dissolved after his death in 1448. Christian I, ...
Oldenburg, Claes: Swedish-born American Pop-art sculptor, best known for his giant soft sculptures of everyday objects. [5 Related Articles]
older Population I: (from the article "Stellar populations") ...of less than 250 days and of relatively early spectral type (earlier than M5e) were considered "intermediate Population II," whereas the longer period variables fell into the "older Population I" ...
Oldfield, Barney: American automobile-racing driver, whose name was synonymous with speed in the first two decades of the 20th century.
Oldfield, Brian: (from the article "athletics") Some athletes have turned to a style in which the putter spins one and a half turns before releasing the shot, a technique developed by Brian Oldfield (U.S.).
Oldham: (from the article "Oldham") urban area and metropolitan borough, metropolitan county of Greater Manchester, England. The historic town of Oldham and the western part of the borough lie in the historic county of Lancashire, ...
Oldham: urban area and metropolitan borough, metropolitan county of Greater Manchester, England. The historic town of Oldham and the western part of the borough lie in the historic county of Lancashire, ...
Oldham, Estelle: (from the article "Faulkner, William") ...centres and live instead in what was then the small-town remoteness of Oxford, where he was already at home and could devote himself, in near isolation, to actual writing. In ...
Oldham, John: pioneer of the imitation of classical satire in English. [1 Related Articles]
Oldham, Richard Dixon: British geologist and seismologist who discovered evidence for the existence of the Earth's core. [1 Related Articles]
oldhamite: (from the article "meteorite") ...from parent bodies that formed under highly chemically reducing conditions. As a result, they contain elements in the form of less-common compounds-for example, calcium as the sulfide mineral oldhamite (CaS) ...
Oldman River: river in southern Alberta, Canada, one of the major headstreams of the South Saskatchewan River. Rising in the Canadian Rocky Mountains from several sources, it flows eastward through Lethbridge, past ...
Oldowan industry: toolmaking tradition characterized by crudely worked pebble (chopping) tools from the early Paleolithic, dating to about 2 million years ago and not formed after a standardized pattern. The tools are ... [5 Related Articles]
Oldrich of Rozmberk: (from the article "Czechoslovak region, history of") ...Some moderate Catholics cooperated with the Utraquist majority, headed by Hynek Ptacek of Pirkstejn; a group of conservative Utraquists joined the Catholic lords, among whom Oldrich of Rozmberk held the ...
Oldroyd, James Gardner: (from the article "solids, mechanics of") The theory of such materials came under intense development in the 1950s after the British applied mathematician James Gardner Oldroyd showed in 1950 how viscoelastic stress-strain relations of a memory ...