| | - ngarong
- (from the article "totemism") ...one of the natural objects) in which he is manifested. The Iban then observe the mannerisms of animals and recognize in the behaviour of the animals the embodiment of their ...
- Ngasaunggyan, Battle of
- (1277), Mongol defeat of Burmese troops that led to the demise of the Pagan dynasty of Myanmar (Burma). After unifying China, the Mongol ruler Kublai Khan sent envoys to neighbouring ...
- Ngata, Sir Apirana Turupa
- political and cultural leader of the Maori community in New Zealand. He was a major force behind the improvement of government policy toward the Maori in the early 20th century.
- Ngatik
- (from the article "Micronesian culture") ...over about 1,400 miles (about 2,255 km). The culture of Banaba, a raised atoll, is quite similar to that of the Gilberts. Three atolls within sailing distance of Pohnpei-Mokil, Pingelap, ...
- Ngauruhoe, Mount
- (from the article "Ruapehu, Mount") ...line, glaciers flow from the peak. Within the crater lies a lake, which is drained by the Whangaehu River. Ruapehu is the most southerly of the large volcanic cones within ...
- Ngaya, Mount
- (from the article "Central African Republic") ...country's highest point, before declining eastward into sandstone plateaus. In the north the most significant mountains are those of the Dar Challa range, which rise to 4,350 feet (1,326 metres) ...
- Ngazidja
- (from the article "Comoros") ...he staged that day. The African Union (AU) and the national government refused to recognize the election results and declared that the Bacar government was illegal. The presidential elections on ...
- Ngbaka
- (from the article "art, African") The Ngbaka and Ngbandi are the peoples whose sculptures are of major significance in the northwest area. There is no single Ngbaka sculptural style: at times the figures are fleshy ...
- Ngbandi
- a people of the upper Ubangi River in southern Central African Republic and northern Congo (Kinshasa). Ngbandi speak a language of the Adamawa-Ubangi subgroup of the Niger-Congo language family that ... [1 Related Articles]
- NGC 188
- (from the article "star cluster") ...few hundred thousand years ago. At the other end of the scale, some open clusters have ages approaching those of the globular clusters. M67 in the constellation Cancer is 4.5 ...
- NGC 206
- (from the article "star cluster") ...of the Galaxy. Nearly 200 OB associations are known, with distances up to 80,000 light-years from the nucleus. The diameters of their dense cores are comparable to those of galactic ...
- NGC 246
- (from the article "nebula") ...of the hydrogen lines from the nebula (from the gas density and temperature), and compare this with the observed brightness. From the intrinsic and apparent brightness the distance can be ...
- NGC 6822
- (from the article "Members of the Local Group of galaxies") During the early 1920s Hubble detected 15 stars in the small, irregular cloudlike object NGC 6822 that varied in luminosity, and he suspected that they might include Cepheids. After considerable ...
- NGC 6960
- (from the article "Cygnus Loop") group of bright nebulae (Lacework Nebula, Veil Nebula, and the nebulae NGC 6960, 6979, 6992, and 6995) in the constellation Cygnus, thought to be remnants of a supernova-i.e., of the ...
- NGC 6979
- (from the article "Cygnus Loop") group of bright nebulae (Lacework Nebula, Veil Nebula, and the nebulae NGC 6960, 6979, 6992, and 6995) in the constellation Cygnus, thought to be remnants of a supernova-i.e., of the ...
- NGC 6992
- (from the article "Cygnus Loop") group of bright nebulae (Lacework Nebula, Veil Nebula, and the nebulae NGC 6960, 6979, 6992, and 6995) in the constellation Cygnus, thought to be remnants of a supernova-i.e., of the ...
- NGC 6995
- (from the article "Cygnus Loop") group of bright nebulae (Lacework Nebula, Veil Nebula, and the nebulae NGC 6960, 6979, 6992, and 6995) in the constellation Cygnus, thought to be remnants of a supernova-i.e., of the ...
- NGC 7027
- (from the article "star") ...the size of the solar system. Such shells of matter, called planetary nebulas, are actually observed in large numbers in the sky. Of the nearly 1,000 examples known in the ...
- Ngedup, Sangay
- (from the article "Bhutan") ...refugees in Nepal) | Capital: Thimphu | Head of state: Druk Gyalpo (King) Jigme Singye Wangchuk and, from December 14, Jigme Khesar Namgyal Wangchuk | Head of government: Prime Ministers ...
- Ngema, Mbongeni
- With the inauguration of Nelson Mandela as president of South Africa in 1994, a new era dawned for the theatre in that nation. As proof, there was Mama! The Musical ...
- Ngerchelchuus
- (from the article "Palau") ...(153 square miles [396 square km]), is volcanic, mainly composed of andesite, and is bounded by thick mangrove forests broken occasionally by sandy beaches on the east coast. Its highest ...
- Ngere
- (from the article "art, African") The Dan-Ngere complex of styles is named after two extremes of stylistic variation: the smooth, restrained style of the Dan, De, and Diomande and the grotesque style of the Ngere ...
- Ngika
- (from the article "Xhosa") a cluster of related peoples living primarily in Eastern Cape province, South Africa, and forming part of the southern Nguni group of Bantu-speaking peoples. The main Xhosa groups are the ...
- Ngo Dinh Diem
- Vietnamese political leader who served as president, with dictatorial powers, of South Vietnam from 1955 until his assassination. [5 Related Articles]
- Ngo Dinh Nhu
- (from the article "Vietnam") ...regarded as opponents, and the favouritism shown to Roman Catholics alienated the majority Buddhist population. Loyalty to the president and his family was made a paramount duty, and Diem's brother, ...
- Ngo Quyen
- Vietnamese liberator, known for his military tactics, who founded the first enduring Vietnamese dynasty and laid the foundation for an independent Vietnamese kingdom, which he called Nam Viet. [1 Related Articles]
- Ngo Van Chieu
- founder of the Vietnamese religious sect Cao Dai (q.v.). [1 Related Articles]
- Ngoko
- (from the article "Austronesian languages") ...of social stratification. Javanese uses three speech levels, distinguished by choice of vocabulary. The primary distinction is between Kromo, a high form used when speaking to social superiors, and Ngoko, ...
- ngola
- (from the article "Ndongo") According to early tradition, Ndongo was founded from the Kongo kingdom, probably in the late 15th or early 16th century. Ndongo's kings bore the title ngola, which ...
- Ngombe
- (from the article "Congo River") ...different nature, notably by poison, is conducted in the marshy areas, where the population is more extensive than might be imagined. Among these peoples are the "water people"-the Ngombe-who inhabit ...
- ngombi
- (from the article "African music") ...(Uganda; see photograph), ardin (Mauritania), kinde (Lake Chad region), and ngombi (Gabon).
- Ngondwe, Saint Pontian
- (from the article "Uganda, Martyrs of") ...Mukasa's successor, then secretly baptized those boys who had only been catechumens. The following day they were herded away to the village of Namugongo. Three of them were murdered en ...
- Ngoni
- approximately 12 groups of people of the Nguni (q.v.) branch of Bantu-speaking peoples that are scattered throughout eastern Africa. Their dispersal was due to the rise of the Zulu empire ... [11 Related Articles]
- Ngonye Falls
- (from the article "Zambezi River") The Zambezi then enters a stretch of rapids that extends from Ngonye (Sioma) Falls south to the Katima Mulilo Rapids, after which for about 80 miles it forms the border ...
- Ngor, Haing S.
- Cambodian physician and actor (b. 1950?, Cambodia--d. Feb. 25, 1996, Los Angeles, Calif.), won the Academy Award for best supporting actor for his performance in The Killing Fields (1984). In ... [1 Related Articles]
- Ngoring, Lake
- (from the article "Huang He") ...He originates at an elevation above 15,000 feet (4,600 metres) in the Bayan Har Mountains, in the eastern Plateau of Tibet. In its upper reaches the river crosses two large ...
- Ngorongoro Conservation Area
- national conservation area in the Arusha region of northern Tanzania, southeast of Serengeti National Park. Occupying some 3,200 square miles (8,300 square km), it extends over part of the Eastern ...
- Ngorongoro Crater
- extinct volcanic caldera in the Eastern (Great) Rift Valley, northern Tanzania. It lies 75 miles (120 km) west of the town of Arusha. The caldera measures between 10 and 12 ... [1 Related Articles]
- Ngouabi, Marien
- (from the article "Congo") Regionalism and policy failures led the military to replace Massamba-Debat with Major Marien Ngouabi in 1968. Ngouabi maintained a socialist line, renaming the country the People's Republic of the Congo ...
- Ngoutou
- (from the article "Cameroon") ...heads, are used in ceremonies for the dead, and the statuettes of the Bamileke are carved in human and animal figures. The Tikar people are famous for beautifully decorated brass ...
- Ngoyo
- former kingdom on the Atlantic coast of Africa, just north of the Congo River, in an area that is now part of southern Cabinda (an exclave of Angola) and western ...
- Ngozi
- town, north-central Burundi. It is a market centre located at an elevation of about 5,740 feet (1,750 m). The surrounding area supports cattle raising and the growing of coffee, bananas, ...
- Ngubane, Jordan Kush
- Zulu novelist, scholar, and editor for the South African publications Ilanga lase Natal ("The Natal Sun," Durban), Bantu World (Johannesburg), and Inkundla ya Bantu ("Bantu Forum," Verulam).
- Ngugi wa Mirii
- Kenyan-born Zimbabwean playwright and activist was coauthor with Ngugi wa Thiong'o of two plays that criticized the Kenyan government. Both men were arrested and imprisoned for the Gikuyu-language play Ngaahika ...
- Ngugi wa Thiong'o
- East Africa's leading novelist, whose popular Weep Not, Child (1964) was the first major novel in English by an East African. As he became sensitized to the effects of colonialism ... [5 Related Articles]
- ngultrum
- (from the article "Bhutan") ...not have a currency; its people bartered for the goods they could not produce themselves. Now the country has a cash economy, with the Royal Monetary Authority issuing the
- Nguni
- cluster of related Bantu-speaking ethnic groups living in South Africa, Swaziland, and Zimbabwe, whose ancestors inhabited a broad band of upland territory extending from the Great Fish River, in what ... [5 Related Articles]
- Nguni languages
- (from the article "click") ...(in which the tip of the tongue is on the ridge behind the upper teeth), postalveolar clicks, and, in some dialects, bilabial clicks (making the sound of a kiss), as ...
- Ngunnwal
- (from the article "Australian Capital Territory") The earliest evidence of Aboriginal occupation of the Australian Capital Territory dates from some 21,000 years ago. At the time of European settlement, the Ngunnawal were the main indigenous people ...
- Nguru
- town, northwestern Yobe state, northern Nigeria, near the Hadejia River, a seasonal tributary of the Komadugu Yobe River, which flows into Lake Chad. Precisely when the town was founded is ...
- Nguyen Cao Ky
- South Vietnamese military and political leader known for his flamboyant manner and militant policies. [2 Related Articles]
- Nguyen Du
- best-loved poet of the Vietnamese and creator of the epic poem Kim van Kieu, written in chu-nom (southern characters). He is considered by some to be the father of Vietnamese ... [3 Related Articles]
- Nguyen Dynasty
- (1802-1945), the last Vietnamese dynasty, which was founded and dominated by the powerful Nguyen family. The Nguyen family emerged into prominence in the 16th century, when Vietnam was under the ... [6 Related Articles]
- Nguyen Huu Tho
- chairman of the National Liberation Front (NLF), the South Vietnamese political organization formed in 1960 in opposition to the U.S.-backed Saigon government. [1 Related Articles]
- Nguyen Khanh
- military and political leader who participated in a successful coup d'etat against the South Vietnamese dictator, President Ngo Dinh Diem, in 1963 and served briefly as president of South Vietnam ...
- Nguyen Kim Dien, Philippe
- Vietnamese prelate, archbishop of Hue and local leader of the Roman Catholic church who defied government efforts to control the church after Vietnam's reunification (1976).
- Nguyen Minh Triet
- (from the article "Vietnam") Area: 331,212 sq km (127,882 sq mi) | Population (2007 est.): 87,375,000 | Capital: Hanoi | Chief of state: President Nguyen Minh Triet | Head of government: Prime Minister Nguyen ...
- Nguyen Phu Trong
- (from the article "Vietnam") In June the National Assembly brought sweeping changes to the cabinet. Two reformist southerners, Nguyen Tan Dung and Nguyen Minh Triet, were elected prime minister and president, respectively. Nguyen Phu ...
- Nguyen Tan Dung
- (from the article "Vietnam") Area: 331,212 sq km (127,882 sq mi) | Population (2007 est.): 87,375,000 | Capital: Hanoi | Chief of state: President Nguyen Minh Triet | Head of government: Prime Minister Nguyen ...
- Nguyen Tham
- (from the article "Duy Tan") ...the Chinese characters of which were the same as the name of a radical nationalist organization, Duy Tan Hoi ("Reformation Society"), founded about that time by the Vietnamese patriots Nguyen ...
- Nguyen Tri Phuong
- general dedicated to protecting Vietnam from European influence and military conquest by France. He was a conservative and a close adviser to the emperor Tu Duc (reigned 1847-83).
- Nguyen Truong To
- an early advocate of modernization and political reform in Vietnam who was among the first Vietnamese to travel abroad and to realize the adjustments his country needed in order to ...
- Nguyen Van Linh
- Vietnamese politician (b. July 1, 1915, near Hanoi, Vietnam--d. April 27, 1998, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam), was a secretive guerrilla leader who operated under a number of aliases for ...
- Nguyen Van Thieu
- president of the Republic of Vietnam (South Vietnam) from 1967 until the republic fell to the forces of North Vietnam in 1975. [6 Related Articles]
- Nguyen Van Thinh
- Vietnamese statesman who in 1946 served briefly as president of a French-controlled government of Cochinchina (southern Vietnam).
- Nguyen Van Thuan, Francois Xavier Cardinal
- Vietnamese Roman Catholic prelate (b. April 17, 1928, Phu Cam, French Indochina-d. Sept. 16, 2002, Rome, Italy), maintained his strong faith during 13 years of imprisonment in his homeland. Ordained ...
- Nguyen van Tuong
- (from the article "Ham Nghi") ...disputed succession. After several equally legitimate heirs had been assassinated or deposed, Ung Lich ascended the throne through the intricate intrigues of two mandarin power seekers, the regents Nguyen van ...
- Ngwaketse
- (from the article "Botswana") Kwena and Hurutshe migrants founded the Ngwaketse chiefdom among the Khalagari-Rolong in southeastern Botswana by 1795. After 1750 this chiefdom grew into a powerful military state controlling Kalahari hunting and ...
- Ngwane
- (from the article "South Africa") ...the Limpopo and Vaal river networks, Delagoa Bay slavers competed with Griqua slavers in supplying the Cape. After slavers burned crops and famines became common, many groups-including the Ngwane, Ndebele, ...
- Ngwane III
- (from the article "Swaziland") ...puts it. Up to this time they called themselves Emalangeni, after an ancestral Langa. Later they moved westward through the Lubombo range and up the Pongola valley, where about 1770 ...
- Ngwenya
- (from the article "Swaziland") ...into a rugged mountain land. The average elevation is between 3,500 and 4,500 feet (1,100 and 1,400 metres); the highest points are the summit massifs of Bulembu (6,108 feet [1,862 ...
- Ngwenya, Malangatana Valente
- (from the article "Mozambique") The painter Malangatana Valente Ngwenya, commonly known as Malangatana, has gained an international following, as has the sculptor Alberto Chissano. Malangatana and the muralist Mankew Valente Muhumana have inspired the ...
- Ngwenyama
- (from the article "Swaziland") The traditional centres of Swazi life are the royal villages of the ngwenyama (the king) at Ludzidzini and of the ndlovukazi (the queen mother) at Phondvo, both of which are ...
- Nha Trang
- port city, southeastern Vietnam. The city lies at the mouth of the Cai River, 256 miles (412 km) northeast of Ho Chi Minh City (formerly Saigon). Its history is known ...
- Nhek Bun Chhay
- (from the article "Cambodia") ...est.): 13,450,000 | Capital: Phnom Penh | Chief of state: Kings Norodom Sihanouk until October 6 and, from October 14, Norodom Sihamoni; acting heads of state were Chea Sim (April ...
- Nhial
- (from the article "Dinka") ...of the fishing spear"), whose position is validated by elaborate myths. Spiritual leadership and intervention are important to the Dinka, who are intensely religious and for whom God (Nhial) and ...
- Nhim River
- (from the article "Dong Nai River") ...Da Dung River. It flows west and southwest for about 300 miles (480 km), joining the Saigon River southwest of Bien Hoa. At the rapids of Tri An, west of ...
- Ni Zan
- one of the group of Chinese painters later known as the Four Masters of the Yuan dynasty (1206-1368). [3 Related Articles]
- Ni'mat, Hayot
- (from the article "Literature") ...days after Gul-i dudi ("Dark-Colored Flower"), her first book of verse, rolled off the press. Two months earlier the BBC had reported that the government of Uzbekistan had placed Hayot ...
- Ni-Hard
- (from the article "iron processing") The properties of both white and gray cast irons can be enhanced by the inclusion of alloying elements such as nickel (Ni), chromium (Cr), and molybdenum (Mo). For example, Ni-Hard, ...
- Ni-o
- in Japanese Buddhist mythology, protector of the Buddhist faith, who makes a dual appearance as the guardian on either side of temple gateways. The guardian on the right side is ... [1 Related Articles]
- Ni-Resist
- (from the article "iron processing") ...nickel (Ni), chromium (Cr), and molybdenum (Mo). For example, Ni-Hard, a white iron containing 4 to 5 percent nickel and up to 1.5 percent chromium, is used to make metalworking ...
- ni-Vanuatu
- (from the article "Vanuatu") The indigenous population, called ni-Vanuatu, is overwhelmingly Melanesian, though some of the outlying islands have Polynesian populations. There are also small minorities of Europeans, Micronesians, Chinese, and Vietnamese. Roughly three-fourths ...
- Nia Ngolo
- (from the article "Bambara states") ...and Niger rivers, and the other on Kaarta, along the middle Niger (both in present-day Mali). According to tradition, the Segu kingdom was founded by two brothers, Barama Ngolo and ...
- niacin
- water-soluble vitamin of the B complex. It is also called the pellagra-preventive vitamin because an adequate amount in the diet prevents pellagra, a chronic disease characterized by skin lesions, gastrointestinal ... [8 Related Articles]
- Niagara
- county, northwestern New York state, U.S. It consists of a lowland region bounded to the north by Lake Ontario, to the west by Ontario, Can. (the Niagara River constituting the ...
- Niagara Bible Conference
- (from the article "fundamentalism, Christian") Singular interest in the Second Coming-an issue promoted by William Miller (1782-1849) and the Adventist churches in the 1830s and '40s-inspired a popular movement through the Niagara Bible Conference, held ...
- Niagara Bridge
- (from the article "bridge") ...for spinning the cables in place rather than making a prefabricated cable that needed to be lifted into place. In 1855 Roebling completed a 246-metre- (821-foot-) span railway bridge over ...
- Niagara Escarpment
- ridge in North America that extends (with breaks) for more than 650 miles (1,050 km) from southeastern Wisconsin north to the Door Peninsula in the eastern part of the state, ... [5 Related Articles]
- Niagara Falls
- cataract on the Niagara River in northeastern North America, one of the continent's most famous spectacles. The falls lie on the border between Ontario, Can., and New York state, U.S. ... [13 Related Articles]
- Niagara Falls
- city and port, Niagara county, western New York, U.S. It lies at the great falls of the Niagara River, opposite the city of Niagara Falls, Ontario, and about 8 miles ...
- Niagara Falls
- city, regional municipality of Niagara, southeastern Ontario, Canada. It lies on the west bank of the Niagara River, opposite Niagara Falls, N.Y. Development of the city, which was named Elgin ...
- Niagara Falls State Park
- (from the article "Niagara Frontier") The focus of the recreation region is the Niagara Falls State Park, established in 1885 at Niagara Falls. It is New York's oldest state park, and it includes an observation ...
- Niagara Frontier
- recreation and heavy-industrial area in western New York, U.S., extending mainly along the Niagara River between Lakes Ontario and Erie and lying principally in the counties of Erie and Niagara. ...
- Niagara Gorge
- (from the article "Niagara River") Below the falls and extending for 7 miles (11 km) is the Niagara Gorge. The stretch of 2.25 miles (3.6 km) from Horseshoe Falls is known as the Maid of ...
- Niagara Movement
- (1905-10), organization of black intellectuals led by W.E.B. Du Bois and calling for full political, civil, and social rights for black Americans. This stance stood in notable contrast to the ... [3 Related Articles]
- Niagara Peninsula
- (from the article "Canada") ...large cities on good farmland, characterized by a low-density pattern of urban sprawl, has aroused considerable public concern about reducing Canada's limited agricultural land resources. In the Niagara Peninsula of ...
- Niagara River
- river that is the drainage outlet for the four upper Great Lakes (Superior, Michigan, Huron, and Erie), having an aggregate basin area of some 260,000 square miles (673,000 square km). ... [5 Related Articles]
- Niagara, Fort
- (from the article "Niagara") ...the 1770s, Seneca and Erie Indians having previously inhabited the area. A number of Tuscarora now live on a reservation in the county. The region was of strategic importance during ...
- Niagara-on-the-Lake
- town, regional municipality of Niagara, southeastern Ontario, Canada. It lies on the southern shore of Lake Ontario, at the mouth of the Niagara River, 22 miles (35 km) below the ...
- Niah Cave
- site of significant archaeological evidence concerning prehistoric man's existence in Southeast Asia, located on the island of Borneo, East Malaysia, 10 miles (16 km) inland from the South China Sea. ... [1 Related Articles]
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