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newsletter ... Niagaran Series

newsletter: informal publication, often simple in format and crisp in style, that provides special information, advice, opinions, and forecasts for a defined audience. Newsletters are ordinarily but not always issued regularly. ...
newspaper: publication usually issued daily, weekly, or at other regular times that provides news, views, features, and other information of public interest and that often carries advertising.
newspaper syndicate: agency that sells to newspapers and other media special writing and artwork, often written by a noted journalist or eminent authority or drawn by a well-known cartoonist, that cannot be ...
newspeak: propagandistic language that is characterized by euphemism, circumlocution, and the inversion of customary meanings. The term was coined by George Orwell in his novel Nineteen Eighty-four (1949). Newspeak, "designed to ...
newsreel: short motion picture of current events introduced in England about 1897 by the Frenchman Charles Pathe. Newsreels were shown regularly, first in music halls between entertainment acts and later between ...
Newsweek: weekly newsmagazine published in New York City, one of the highly influential "big three" of American newsweeklies. It was founded in 1933 by Thomas J.C. Martyn, a former foreign-news editor ...
newt: any of more than 40 species and 10 genera of salamanders constituting the widely distributed family Salamandridae of the order Caudata. They are called newts when aquatic and have moist ...
Newton: city, seat (1846) of Jasper county, central Iowa, U.S., about 30 miles (50 km) east of Des Moines. It was settled in 1846 as the county seat and was named ...
Newton: city, seat (1872) of Harvey county, central Kansas, U.S. Founded in 1871 and named for Newton, Massachusetts, it was a railhead for the Chisholm Trail cattle drives from 1871 to ...
Newton: city, Middlesex county, eastern Massachusetts, U.S. It lies along the Charles River just west of Boston and comprises several villages, including Auburndale, Newton Centre, Newton Upper Falls, Newtonville, Nonantum, Waban, ...
newton: the absolute unit of force in the International System of Units (SI units). It is defined as that force necessary to provide a mass of one kilogram with an acceleration ...
Newton Abbot: town ("parish"), Teignbridge district, administrative and historic county of Devon, England. It lies near the head of the Teign estuary. Bradley Manor (15th century) is now a National Trust property. ...
Newton's law of gravitation: statement that any particle of matter in the universe attracts any other with a force varying directly as the product of the masses and inversely as the square of the ...
Newton's laws of motion: relations between the forces acting on a body and the motion of the body, which, although formulated for the first time in usable form by Isaac Newton, had been discovered ...
Newton's rings: in optics, a series of concentric light- and dark-coloured bands observed between two pieces of glass when one is convex and rests on its convex side on another piece having ...
Newton, Alfred: British zoologist, one of the foremost ornithologists of his day.
Newton, Huey P.: American political activist, cofounder (with Bobby Seale) of the Black Panther Party (originally called Black Panther Party for Self-Defense).
Newton, Sir Charles Thomas: British archaeologist who excavated sites in southwestern Turkey and disinterred the remains of one of the seven wonders of the ancient world, the Mausoleum of Halicarnassus (at present-day Bodrum, Turkey). ...
Newton, Sir Isaac: English physicist and mathematician, who was the culminating figure of the scientific revolution of the 17th century. In optics, his discovery of the composition of white light integrated the phenomena ...
Newtown: "new town," Powys county, historic county of Montgomeryshire (Sir Drefaldwyn), Wales, located on the River Severn 15 miles (24 km) southwest of Welshpool. In 1967 Newtown was designated the second ...
Newtown Saint Boswells: village, Scottish Borders council area, historic county of Roxburghshire, Scotland, lying in the Tweed basin southeast of Edinburgh on the Edinburgh-Newcastle road. Before 1929 its population consisted mainly of railway ...
Newtownabbey: town and district (established 1973), formerly in County Antrim, Northern Ireland. The town of Newtownabbey was formed in 1958 by the amalgamation of seven villages, and it is a residential ...
Newtownards: town and seat, Ards district (established 1973), formerly in County Down, Northern Ireland, at the northern end of Strangford Lough (inlet of the sea), just east of Belfast. It was ...
nexum: in very early Roman law, a type of formal contract involving the loan of money under such oppressive conditions that it might result in the debtor's complete subjection to the ...
Ney, Elisabet: sculptor remembered for her statues and busts of European and Texas personages of the mid- to late 19th century.
Ney, Michel, Duc D'elchingen, Prince De La Moskowa: one of the best known of Napoleon's marshals (from 1804), who pledged his allegiance to the restored Bourbon monarchy when Napoleon abdicated in 1814. Upon Napoleon's return in 1815, Ney ...
Neyagawa: city, Osaka Urban Prefecture (fu), Honshu, Japan, in the northern part of the Kochi-gawa (Kochi River) plain. Many ancient relics attest to prehistoric settlement in the area. With the construction ...
Neyman, Jerzy: Russian-U.S. mathematician and statistician who helped to establish the statistical theory of hypothesis testing. Neyman was a principal founder of modern theoretical statistics. In 1968 he was awarded the prestigious ...
Neyshabur: town, northeastern Iran. Neyshabur is situated 46 miles (74 km) west of Meshed. The town, which has shifted its position repeatedly in historical times, lies at an elevation of 3,980 ...
Nez Perce: Sahaptian-speaking North American Indian people centring on the lower Snake River and such tributaries as the Salmon and Clearwater rivers in what is now central Idaho and adjacent areas of ...
Nezahualcoyotl: municipality northeast of Mexico City, Mexico estado ("state"), central Mexico. Situated at the northeastern end of the Valle de Mexico just outside of Mexico City, Nezahualcoyotl has become Mexico's third ...
Nezami: greatest romantic epic poet in Persian literature, who brought a colloquial and realistic style to the Persian epic.
Neziqin: (Hebrew: "Damages"), the fourth of the six major divisions, or orders (sedarim), of the Mishna (codification of Jewish oral laws), which was given its final form early in the 3rd ...
Ngada: tribe inhabiting the south coast of Flores, one of the Lesser Sunda Islands, in Indonesia. They live around the Inerie volcano and inland on the Badjava plateau. Primarily of Proto-Malay ...
Ngami, Lake: shallow lake at the southwest corner of the 4,000-square-mile (10,400-square-kilometre) Okavango Swamp in northwestern Botswana. The swamp and the lake are fed by the Okavango River, which loses most of ...
Ngaoundere: town, north-central Cameroon, on the Adamawa Plateau. It is the northern terminus of the Trans-Cameroon Railway to Yaounde and Douala and lies on the major north-south road from Garoua to ...
Ngasaunggyan, Battle of: (1277), Mongol defeat of Burmese troops that led to the demise of the Pagan dynasty of Myanmar (Burma). After unifying China, the Mongol ruler Kublai Khan sent envoys to neighbouring ...
Ngata, Sir Apirana Turupa: political and cultural leader of the Maori community in New Zealand. He was a major force behind the improvement of government policy toward the Maori in the early 20th century.
Ngbandi: a people of the upper Ubangi River in southern Central African Republic and northern Congo (Kinshasa). Ngbandi speak a language of the Adamawa-Ubangi subgroup of the Niger-Congo language family that ...
NGC: abbreviation of New General Catalogue of Nebulae and Clusters of Stars (q.v.).
Ngo Dinh Diem: Vietnamese political leader who served as president, with dictatorial powers, of South Vietnam from 1955 until his assassination.
Ngo Quyen: Vietnamese liberator, known for his military tactics, who founded the first enduring Vietnamese dynasty and laid the foundation for an independent Vietnamese kingdom, which he called Nam Viet.
Ngo Van Chieu: founder of the Vietnamese religious sect Cao Dai (q.v.).
Ngoni: approximately 12 groups of people of the Nguni (q.v.) branch of Bantu-speaking peoples that are scattered throughout eastern Africa. Their dispersal was due to the rise of the Zulu empire ...
Ngorongoro Conservation Area: national conservation area in the Arusha region of northern Tanzania, southeast of Serengeti National Park. Occupying some 3,200 square miles (8,300 square km), it extends over part of the Eastern ...
Ngorongoro Crater: extinct volcanic caldera in the Eastern (Great) Rift Valley, northern Tanzania. It lies 75 miles (120 km) west of the town of Arusha. The caldera measures between 10 and 12 ...
Ngoy: former kingdom on the Atlantic coast of Central Africa, just north of the Congo River, in an area that is now part of southern Cabinda (an exclave of Angola) and ...
Ngozi: town, north-central Burundi. It is a market centre located at an elevation of about 5,740 feet (1,750 m). The surrounding area supports cattle raising and the growing of coffee, bananas, ...
Ngubane, Jordan Kush: Zulu novelist, scholar, and editor for the South African publications Ilanga lase Natal ("The Natal Sun," Durban), Bantu World (Johannesburg), and Inkundla ya Bantu ("Bantu Forum," Verulam).
Ngugi wa Thiong'o: East Africa's leading novelist, whose popular Weep Not, Child (1964) was the first major novel in English by an East African. As he became sensitized to the effects of colonialism ...
Nguni: cluster of related Bantu-speaking ethnic groups living in South Africa, Swaziland, and Zimbabwe, whose ancestors inhabited a broad band of upland territory extending from the Great Fish River, in what ...
Nguru: town, northwestern Yobe state, northern Nigeria, near the Hadejia River, a seasonal tributary of the Komadugu Yobe River, which flows into Lake Chad. Precisely when the town was founded is ...
Nguyen Cao Ky: South Vietnamese military and political leader known for his flamboyant manner and militant policies.
Nguyen Du: best-loved poet of the Vietnamese and creator of the epic poem Kim van Kieu, written in chu-nom (southern characters). He is considered by some to be the father of Vietnamese ...
Nguyen Dynasty: (1802-1945), the last Vietnamese dynasty, which was founded and dominated by the powerful Nguyen family. The Nguyen family emerged into prominence in the 16th century, when Vietnam was under the ...
Nguyen Huu Tho: chairman of the National Liberation Front (NLF), the South Vietnamese political organization formed in 1960 in opposition to the U.S.-backed Saigon government.
Nguyen Khanh: military and political leader who participated in a successful coup d'etat against the South Vietnamese dictator, President Ngo Dinh Diem, in 1963 and served briefly as president of South Vietnam ...
Nguyen Kim Dien, Philippe: Vietnamese prelate, archbishop of Hue and local leader of the Roman Catholic church who defied government efforts to control the church after Vietnam's reunification (1976).
Nguyen Tri Phuong: general dedicated to protecting Vietnam from European influence and military conquest by France. He was a conservative and a close adviser to the emperor Tu Duc (reigned 1847-83).
Nguyen Truong To: an early advocate of modernization and political reform in Vietnam who was among the first Vietnamese to travel abroad and to realize the adjustments his country needed in order to ...
Nguyen Van Thieu: president of the Republic of Vietnam (South Vietnam) from 1967 until the republic fell to the forces of North Vietnam in 1975.
Nguyen Van Thinh: Vietnamese statesman who in 1946 served briefly as president of a French-controlled government of Cochinchina (southern Vietnam).
Nha Trang: port city, southeastern Vietnam. The city lies at the mouth of the Cai River, 256 miles (412 km) northeast of Ho Chi Minh City (formerly Saigon). Its history is known ...
Ni Zan: one of the group of Chinese painters later known as the Four Masters of the Yuan dynasty (1206-1368).
Ni-o: in Japanese Buddhist mythology, protector of the Buddhist faith, who makes a dual appearance as the guardian on either side of temple gateways. The guardian on the right side is ...
niacin: water-soluble vitamin of the B complex. It is also called the pellagra-preventive vitamin because an adequate amount in the diet prevents pellagra, a chronic disease characterized by skin lesions, gastrointestinal ...
Niagara: county, northwestern New York state, U.S. It consists of a lowland region bounded to the north by Lake Ontario, to the west by Ontario, Can. (the Niagara River constituting the ...
Niagara Escarpment: ridge in North America that extends (with breaks) for more than 650 miles (1,050 km) from southeastern Wisconsin north to the Door Peninsula in the eastern part of the state, ...
Niagara Falls: city, regional municipality of Niagara, southeastern Ontario, Canada. It lies on the west bank of the Niagara River, opposite Niagara Falls, N.Y. Development of the city, which was named Elgin ...
Niagara Falls: cataract on the Niagara River in northeastern North America, one of the continent's most famous spectacles. The falls lie on the border between Ontario, Can., and New York state, U.S. ...
Niagara Falls: city and port, Niagara county, western New York, U.S. It lies at the great falls of the Niagara River, opposite the city of Niagara Falls, Ontario, and about 8 miles ...
Niagara Frontier: recreation and heavy-industrial area in western New York, U.S., extending mainly along the Niagara River between Lakes Ontario and Erie and lying principally in the counties of Erie and Niagara. ...
Niagara Movement: (1905-10), organization of black intellectuals led by W.E.B. Du Bois and calling for full political, civil, and social rights for black Americans. This stance stood in notable contrast to the ...
Niagara River: river that is the drainage outlet for the four upper Great Lakes (Superior, Michigan, Huron, and Erie), having an aggregate basin area of some 260,000 square miles (673,000 square km). ...
Niagara-on-the-Lake: town, regional municipality of Niagara, southeastern Ontario, Canada. It lies on the southern shore of Lake Ontario, at the mouth of the Niagara River, 22 miles (35 km) below the ...
Niagaran Series: second of the three major divisions of Silurian rocks and time (438 to 408 million years ago) in North America. It was named for exposures studied in Niagara county, N.Y. ...