| | - Montejo, Francisco de
- (from the article "Mexico") ...by 1525 Spanish rule had been extended as far south as Guatemala and Honduras. The only area in southern Mexico of effective indigenous resistance was Yucatan, inhabited by Maya societies. ...
- Montelimar
- town, Drome departement, Rhone-Alpes region, southeastern France, near the confluence of the Roubion and Rhone rivers, southwest of Valence. It was called Acunum by the Romans, and ...
- Montelius, Oscar
- Swedish archaeologist who sought to establish foundations for prehistoric chronology, especially that of the Bronze Age in the British Isles and Europe northward to Scandinavia. [2 Related Articles]
- Montemayor, Jorge de
- Portuguese-born author of romances and poetry who wrote the first Spanish pastoral novel. [4 Related Articles]
- Montemezzi, Italo
- Italian opera and symphonic composer whose masterpiece was the opera L'amore dei tre re (1913; The Love of Three Kings).
- Montemhat
- (from the article "art and architecture, Egyptian") ...private sculpture of the last dynasties. Types of statue common in the Middle Kingdom and 18th dynasty were revived, and many very fine pieces were produced. The sculptures of the ...
- Montenegrin
- (from the article "Montenegro") ...that what is spoken in each of their respective countries is a language distinct from neighbouring languages, despite mutual intelligibility. Thus, they prefer that their language be called Montenegrin.
- Montenegrin
- (from the article "headhunting") ...until the early 20th century in the Balkan Peninsula, where the taking of the head implied the transfer of the soul matter of the decapitated to the decapitator. The complete ...
- Montenegrin Vespers
- (from the article "Montenegro") ...been particularly unstable throughout the 18th century. In spite of the establishment of a theocratic, Orthodox state and the legendary mass slaughter of those who had converted to Islam (the ...
- Montenegro
- country located in the west-central Balkans at the southern end of the Dinaric Alps. It is bounded by the Adriatic Sea and Croatia (southwest), Bosnia and Herzegovina (northwest), Serbia (northeast), ... [12 Related Articles]
- Montenegro, Fernanda
- In 1999, one year after winning the Berlin International Film Festival's award for best actress for her performance in Central do Brasil (1998; Central Station), Fernanda Montenegro continued to find ...
- Montenegro, flag of
- Yellow-fimbriated (bordered) red national flag with, at its centre, a yellow double-headed eagle bearing the national coat of arms. The width-to-length ratio is 1 to 2.
- Montenegro, history of
- (from the article "Montenegro") HistoryBalkan LeagueBalkan League (1912-13), alliance of Bulgaria, Serbia, Greece, and Montenegro, which fought the First Balkan War against Turkey (1912-13). ...
- Montenegro, University of
- (from the article "Montenegro") ...types of schools: general secondary schools, which prepare students for universities, and vocational schools, which offer training that usually leads to admission to two-year technical colleges. The University of Montenegro, ...
- Montengon y Paret, Pedro de
- (from the article "Spanish literature") Pedro de Montengon y Paret introduced narrative genres then popular in France-philosophical and pedagogical novels in the style of Jean-Jacques Rousseau-with such works as Eusebio (1786-88), a four-volume novel set ...
- Montepulciano
- (from the article "Western architecture") ...the interior the outstanding quality is a sense of quiet, harmonious spaciousness. The Florentine architect Antonio da Sangallo the Elder, influenced by Bramante, created his church of San Biagio at ...
- montera
- (from the article "bullfighting") ...muleta and sword in the left, formally requests permission to dedicate (brindar) the bull to some person or friend, to whom the montera is ...
- Monteregian Hills
- series of eight butte-type mountains in the St. Lawrence River valley, in Montreal, Monteregie, and Estrie regions, southeastern Quebec province, Canada. The hills extend eastward for about 50 miles (80 ... [1 Related Articles]
- Monterey
- city, Monterey county, California, U.S. It lies on a peninsula at the southern end of Monterey Bay, about 85 miles (135 km) south of San Francisco. The area was originally ...
- Monterey Bay
- (from the article "Monterey") city, Monterey county, California, U.S. It lies on a peninsula at the southern end of Monterey Bay, about 85 miles (135 km) south of San Francisco. The area was originally ...
- Monterey Bay National Marine Sanctuary
- (from the article "Monterey") Monterey was once a leading fishing and whaling port, but its economic mainstay is now tourism. The offshore Monterey Bay National Marine Sanctuary (established 1992) protects an abyss deeper than ...
- Monterey Canyon
- largest and deepest submarine canyon off the Pacific coast of North America. The canyon has three tributaries at its upper reaches in Monterey Bay, California: minor Soquel Canyon to the ...
- Monterey cypress
- (from the article "cypress") Cypresses are of limited importance as timber trees; the most useful wood is obtained from the Bhutan, Italian, and Monterey cypresses (C. torulosa, C. sempervirens, and C. macrocarpa, respectively). Their ...
- Monterey Jack
- mild, smooth cow's-milk cheese produced mainly in California; it originated in Monterey County but is now made elsewhere in California, notably Sonoma County (where it is known as Sonoma Jack), ...
- Monterey Pop Festival
- (from the article "The Monterey Pop Festival") Held in Monterey, California, on June 16-18, 1967, the Monterey Pop Festival was the first commercial American rock festival. Dunhill Records executive Lou Adler and John Phillips of the Mamas ...
- Monteria
- city, northwestern Colombia, and an inland port on the Sinu River. In 1744 a Spanish conquistador, Juan de Torrezar Diaz Pimienta, claimed a Zenue Indian village, which he called San ...
- Montero, Mayra
- (from the article "Latin American literature") Younger women novelists such as Cubans Mayra Montero (settled in Puerto Rico), Daina Chaviano (settled in Miami), and Zoe Valdes (settled in France) and Mexican Angeles Mastretta outstripped their predecessors ...
- Monterrey
- city, capital of Nuevo Leon estado (state), northeastern Mexico. At an elevation of about 1,765 feet (538 metres) in the west-central part of the state, Monterrey sprawls ... [2 Related Articles]
- Montes Claros
- city, northern Minas Gerais estado (state), southeastern Brazil. It is located near the Verde Grande River in the Espinhaco Mountains, at 2,093 feet (638 metres) above sea ...
- Montes Claros, Battle of
- (from the article "Afonso VI") ...his father, John IV, in 1656, but his mother acted as regent until 1662. His reign saw a series of victories against Spain, including the battles of Ameixal (1663), Castelo ...
- montes pietatis
- (from the article "pawnbroking") Pawnbroking in the West may be traced to three different institutions of the European Middle Ages: the private pawnbroker, the public pawnshop, and the mons pietatis ("charity fund"). Usury laws ...
- Montes, Ismael
- (from the article "Bolivia") The primary tasks of the Liberal politicians, who ruled Bolivia until 1920 under the leadership of Ismael Montes (twice president: in 1904-08 and 1913-17), were to settle Bolivia's chronic border ...
- Montesinos, Vladimiro
- (from the article "Peru") ...was sentenced by Peru's Supreme Court to six years in prison. A separate trial on charges of murder and human rights abuse continued at year's end. Meanwhile, a long series ...
- Montespan, Francoise-Athenais de Rochechouart, marquise de
- mistress of Louis XIV of France for 13 years. [5 Related Articles]
- Montesquieu, Charles-Louis de Secondat, baron de La Brede et de
- French political philosopher whose major work, The Spirit of Laws, was a major contribution to political theory. [18 Related Articles]
- Montessori system
- (from the article "preschool education") ...aged three to six, from the slums of the San Lorenzo quarter of Rome and thus inaugurated her first Casa dei Bambini (Children's House). Individual initiative and self-direction characterized the ...
- Montessori, Maria
- Italian educator and originator of the educational system that bears her name. The Montessori system is based on belief in the child's creative potential, his drive to learn, and his ... [6 Related Articles]
- Montet, Pierre
- French Egyptologist who conducted major excavations of the New Empire (c. 1567-c. 525 BC) capital at Tanis, in the Nile Delta, discovering, in particular, funerary treasures from the 21st and ... [1 Related Articles]
- Monteux, Pierre
- one of the leading conductors of the 20th century, acclaimed for his interpretations ranging from Beethoven to contemporary composers such as Stravinsky and Arthur Honegger.
- Monteverdi, Claudio
- Italian composer of the late Renaissance, the most important developer of the then new genre, the opera. He also did much to bring a "modern" secular spirit into church music. [16 Related Articles]
- Montevideo
- principal city and capital of Uruguay. It lies on the north shore of the Rio de la Plata estuary. [11 Related Articles]
- Montevideo Convention
- agreement signed at Montevideo, Uruguay, on December 26, 1933 (and entering into force the following year), that established the standard definition of a state under international law. Adopted by the ... [3 Related Articles]
- Montevideo, Treaty of
- (from the article "Latin American Integration Association") organization that was established by the Treaty of Montevideo (August 1980) and became operational in March 1981. It seeks economic cooperation among its members. Original members were Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, ...
- Montez, Lola
- Irish adventuress and "Spanish" dancer who achieved international notoriety through her liaison with King Louis I (Ludwig I) of Bavaria. [1 Related Articles]
- Montezuma Castle National Monument
- archaeological site in central Arizona, U.S. The monument lies in the Verde River valley just northeast of Camp Verde; Tuzigoot National Monument is about 20 miles (32 km) to the ...
- Montezuma cypress
- (from the article "bald cypress") The closely related Montezuma or Mexican cypress (T. mucronatum) is native to the southwestern U.S., Mexico, and Guatemala. It is distinguished from the bald cypress by its shorter, persistent leaves ...
- Montezuma II
- ninth Aztec emperor of Mexico, famous for his dramatic confrontation with the Spanish conquistador Hernan Cortes. [6 Related Articles]
- Montfaucon, Bernard de
- pioneer in the study of Greek paleography and archaeology and distinguished patristic scholar. [5 Related Articles]
- Montferrand, Auguste
- (from the article "Saint Petersburg") ...or Manezh (1804-07); beyond, dominating the south side of St. Isaac's Square, is the cathedral of the same name. An outstanding monument of late Neoclassical Russian architecture built by Auguste ...
- Montferrat
- historic area of northwestern Italy covering most of the modern province of Alessandria in the Piedmont region. During the Middle Ages, Montferrat was an independent march (or marquessate). Its local ... [2 Related Articles]
- Montfort Family
- family associated with an ancient lordship in the Ile-de-France (Montfort-l'Amaury); this lordship first became famous in French and English history because of its association with members of the family, which ... [1 Related Articles]
- Montfort, Amaury de
- (from the article "Montfort Family") ...earldom of Leicester, and it was through their son, the crusader Simon de Montfort (q.v.), that the family first attained real prominence. By his wife Alice de Montmorency he left ...
- Montfort, Beatrice de
- (from the article "Montfort Family") John de Montfort (d. 1249), Amaury's son and successor, left only a daughter, Beatrice (d. 1312), who was married in 1259 to Count Robert IV of Dreux. Their daughter Yolande ...
- Montfort, John de
- (from the article "Montfort Family") John de Montfort (d. 1249), Amaury's son and successor, left only a daughter, Beatrice (d. 1312), who was married in 1259 to Count Robert IV of Dreux. Their daughter Yolande ...
- Montfort, Saint Louis-Marie Grignion de
- French priest who promoted the devotion to the Virgin Mary and who founded the religious congregations of the Daughters of Wisdom and the Company of Mary (Montfort Fathers).
- Montfort, Simon de
- French leader of the Albigensian Crusade declared by Pope Innocent III against the Cathari, an unorthodox religious group in southern France. [5 Related Articles]
- Montfort, Simon de
- (from the article "Montfort Family") Montfort-l'Amaury took its name from Amaury, or Amalric (d. c. 1053), the builder of the castle there, whose father had been invested with the lordship by Hugh Capet. Amaury's grandson ...
- Montfort, Simon de, Earl Of Leicester
- leader of the baronial revolt against King Henry III and ruler of England for less than a year. [9 Related Articles]
- Montfort-l'Amaury
- (from the article "Montfort Family") family associated with an ancient lordship in the Ile-de-France (Montfort-l'Amaury); this lordship first became famous in French and English history because of its association with members of the family, which ...
- Montgelas de Garnerin, Maximilian Joseph, Graf von
- German statesman who developed modern Bavaria. [1 Related Articles]
- Montgenevre Pass
- pass (6,083 ft [1,854 m]) in the Cottian Alps of the Hautes-Alpes departement, southeastern France, near the Italian border. Lying 5 mi (8 km) east-northeast of Briancon, Fr., the pass ...
- Montgolfier, Jacques-Etienne
- (from the article "Montgolfier, Joseph-Michel and Jacques-Etienne") Joseph and Etienne were 2 of the 16 children of Pierre Montgolfier, whose prosperous paper factories in the small town of Vidalon, near Annonay, in southern France, ensured the financial ...
- Montgolfier, Joseph-Michel
- (from the article "Montgolfier, Joseph-Michel and Jacques-Etienne") Joseph and Etienne were 2 of the 16 children of Pierre Montgolfier, whose prosperous paper factories in the small town of Vidalon, near Annonay, in southern France, ensured the financial ...
- Montgolfier, Joseph-Michel and Jacques-Etienne
- French brothers who were pioneer developers of the hot-air balloon and who conducted the first untethered flights. Modifications and improvements of the basic Montgolfier design were incorporated in the construction ...
- Montgomerie, Alexander
- Scottish poet, one of the last of the makaris (poets writing in Lowland Scots in the 16th century).
- Montgomerie, Colin
- (from the article "Golf") ...67 to surge into the lead by four strokes. Closing scores of 71 and 70 were sufficient to give Woods a five-stroke victory with a 14-under-par score of 274. In ...
- Montgomery
- town, Powys county, historic county of Montgomeryshire, Wales. In the 11th century the Norman Roger de Montgomery, 1st earl of Shrewsbury, built his castle at Hendomen, northwest of the present ...
- Montgomery
- capital of the state of Alabama, U.S., and seat (1822) of Montgomery county, located in the central part of the state. The city lies near the point where the Alabama ...
- Montgomery
- county, central Maryland, U.S. It consists of a piedmont region bounded by the Patuxent River to the northeast, Washington, D.C., to the south, and Virginia to the south and west ...
- Montgomery
- county, southeastern Pennsylvania, U.S., consisting of a gently hilly piedmont region located northwest of Philadelphia and bounded to the southwest by the Schuylkill River. Other waterways include Green Lane Reservoir ...
- Montgomery
- county, central New York state, U.S., located midway between Utica and Albany. It consists of a hilly region bisected east-west by the Mohawk River, which incorporates the New York State ...
- Montgomery bus boycott
- (from the article "King, Coretta Scott") ...Martin Luther King had accepted a position as pastor of the Dexter Avenue Baptist Church. Coretta Scott King joined her husband in civil rights activism in the 1950s and '60s, ...
- Montgomery Improvement Association
- (from the article "Parks, Rosa") ...as its secretary until 1956. On December 1, 1955, she was arrested for refusing to give her bus seat to a white man, a violation of the city's racial segregation ...
- Montgomery Ward & Co.
- American retail merchandising company founded in Chicago in August 1872 by Aaron Montgomery Ward (1844-1913). Its headquarters were located in Chicago throughout its long history. [3 Related Articles]
- Montgomery's gland
- (from the article "pregnancy") ...that a patient may be in the early months of pregnancy. Darkening of the areola of the breast (the small, coloured ring around the nipple) and prominence of the sebaceous ...
- Montgomery, Bernard Law Montgomery, 1st Viscount
- British field marshal and one of the outstanding Allied commanders in World War II. [7 Related Articles]
- Montgomery, Elizabeth
- U.S. actress (b. April 15, 1933, Los Angeles, Calif.--d. May 18, 1995, Beverly Hills, Calif.), as the comely, green-eyed star of television's "Bewitched" (1964-72), portrayed Samantha, a resourceful suburban witch ...
- Montgomery, George
- American actor (b. Aug. 29, 1916, Brady, Mont.-d. Dec. 12, 2000, Rancho Mirage, Calif.), brought his rugged handsomeness to some 87 films and a number of television series during a ...
- Montgomery, James
- Scottish poet and journalist best remembered for his hymns and versified renderings of the Psalms, which are among the finest in English, uniting fervour and insight in simple verse. The ...
- Montgomery, John Berrien
- (from the article "San Francisco") The Americans had to wait only another 11 years. After fighting began along the Rio Grande, Captain John B. Montgomery sailed the sloop of war Portsmouth into the bay on ...
- Montgomery, Little Brother
- major African-American blues artist who was also an outstanding jazz pianist and vocalist. He cowrote "The Forty-Fours," a complex composition for piano that is a staple of the blues repertoire.
- Montgomery, Lucy Maud
- Canadian regional romantic novelist, best known for Anne of Green Gables (1908), a sentimentalized but often charming story of a spirited, unconventional orphan girl who finds a home with an ... [2 Related Articles]
- Montgomery, Richard
- (from the article "Quebec, Battle of") ...American Revolutionary leaders detached some of their forces from the Siege of Boston to mount an expedition through Maine with the aim of capturing Quebec. On December 31, 1775, under ...
- Montgomery, Sir Robert
- (from the article "Sahiwal") city, east-central Punjab province, east-central Pakistan. The city was founded in 1865 and named for Sir Robert Montgomery, then lieutenant governor of the Punjab. It is connected by rail and ...
- Montgomery, Tim
- (from the article "Track and Field Sports") ...Prix in late July. Ten metres into that race, which was won by Gatlin, Powell pulled up with a groin injury. He failed to finish the race and was forced ...
- Montgomery, Treaty of
- (from the article "Wales") ...preoccupation of the English crown with the baronial conflict that led to the Provisions of Oxford in 1258. The prince secured a hegemony that was formally acknowledged by Henry III ...
- Montgomery, Wes
- black American jazz guitarist, probably the most influential postwar improviser on his instrument.
- Montgomeryshire
- historic county of north-central Wales, along the English border. Montgomeryshire is an area of wooded hills and valleys encircled by higher mountains, including Long Mountain in the east, Clifaesty Hill ...
- month
- a measure of time corresponding or nearly corresponding to the length of time required by the Moon to revolve once around the Earth. [5 Related Articles]
- Montherlant, Henry de
- French novelist and dramatist whose stylistically concise works reflect his own egocentric and autocratic personality. [2 Related Articles]
- monthly rhythm
- (from the article "biological rhythm") ...a rhythmic change; typically two high and two low tides occur each day (about 24.8 hours). Many species of shorebirds exhibit this rhythm by seeking food only when beaches are ...
- Monti, Eugenio
- Italian bobsledder remembered as much for his sportsmanship as for his athletic prowess. Monti was the preeminent bobsled driver in the world from 1957 through 1968. Excelling in both two-man ... [1 Related Articles]
- Monti, Gaetano
- (from the article "Western sculpture") In Milan, Camillo Pacetti directed the sculptural decoration of the Arco della Pace. The work of Gaetano Monti, born in Ravenna, can be seen in many northern Italian churches. The ...
- Monti, Vincenzo
- Italian Neoclassical poet, author of many occasional works but remembered chiefly for his fine translation of the Iliad. [1 Related Articles]
- Monticelli, Adolphe
- French painter whose finest works, derived from scenes by Antoine Watteau, are dreamlike images of courtly revels. Using thick daubs of paint, applied to achieve a swirling effect, he created ... [1 Related Articles]
- monticellite
- grayish silicate mineral in the olivine family, calcium and magnesium silicate (CaMgSiO4), that occurs as small crystals or grains in metamorphosed siliceous dolomites, in contact skarn zones (of contact-metamorphic rock ... [2 Related Articles]
- Monticello
- city, seat (1895) of San Juan county, southeastern Utah, U.S. Founded in 1886 as a point of entry into the nearby Abajo Mountains and named after the Virginia estate of ...
- Monticello
- the home of Thomas Jefferson, located in south-central Virginia, U.S., about 2 miles (3 km) southeast of Charlottesville. Constructed between 1768 and 1809, it is one of the finest examples ... [3 Related Articles]
- Monticello Dam
- (from the article "Fairfield") ...1850 and named the city for his hometown in Connecticut. Development was spurred during World War II when the U.S. Air Force established Travis Air Force Base east of the ...
- Montiel, Arturo
- (from the article "Mexico") ...of Tabasco (1994-2000) who had held the party together in the wake of its historic defeat in the 2000 presidential election, won the party primary in November. His principal opponent ...
- Montiel, Battle of
- (from the article "Peter") Charles V sent Henry back to Spain with more French troops and a long civil war ensued. Eventually Peter was defeated at Montiel and assassinated there by his brother's own ...
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