| | - McDivitt, James A.
- U.S. astronaut and business executive.
- McDonald Observatory
- observatory founded in 1939 by the University of Texas, on the legacy of the Texas financier William J. McDonald, on Mount Locke near Fort Davis, Texas. The observatory includes the ...
- McDonald's Corporation
- U.S. food service and restaurant company that operates the world's largest fast-food restaurant chain, McDonald's. It owns theme restaurant chains in the United States and other countries and has interests ... [4 Related Articles]
- McDonald, Audra
- In 2004 soprano Audra McDonald, best known as the luminous golden-voiced star of the American musical theatre, was rewarded with a Tony Award (her fourth) for best performance by a ... [1 Related Articles]
- Mcdonald, Gregory Christopher
- American writer was celebrated for his series of fast-paced humorous mystery novels starring the iconoclastic investigator Irwin Fletcher; the first two books of the series, Fletch (1974) and Confess, Fletch ...
- McDonald, Maurice
- (from the article "Kroc, Ray") ...a blender that could simultaneously mix five milk shakes. In 1954 he visited a restaurant in San Bernardino, California, that used eight of his mixers. The restaurant was owned by ...
- McDonald, Richard
- American restaurateur who designed the golden arches logo and the number-of-hamburgers-sold sign for the fast-food restaurant franchise that he and his brother started and gave the family name to; after ... [2 Related Articles]
- McDonnell Aircraft Corporation
- (from the article "McDonnell Douglas Corporation") McDonnell Douglas was formed in the 1967 merger of the McDonnell Aircraft Corporation, founded in 1939, and the Douglas Aircraft Company, established in 1921. The latter's founder, Donald W. Douglas ...
- McDonnell Douglas Corporation
- former aerospace company that was a major U.S. producer of jet fighters, commercial aircraft, and space vehicles. [1 Related Articles]
- McDonnell, Alexander
- (from the article "chess") ...more than 50 years earlier. The first major international event was a series of six matches held in 1834 between the leading French and British players, Louis-Charles de la Bourdonnais ...
- McDonnell, James S.
- (from the article "McDonnell Douglas Corporation") Under its founder James S. McDonnell (1899-1980), that company grew up quickly during World War II and became a major defense supplier. It designed the world's first carrier-based jet fighter ...
- McDonough, William
- (from the article "Green Architecture: Building for the 21st Century") American architect William McDonough rose to green-design fame in 1985 with his Environmental Defense Fund Building in New York City. That structure was one of the first civic icons for ...
- McDormand, Frances
- (from the article "1996: Best Actress") Other Nominees
- McDougal, James B.
- American businessman whose revelations regarding real-estate dealings with Bill and Hillary Rodham Clinton led to the Whitewater investigation but also resulted in his being convicted of fraud in 1996 and ...
- McDougall, William
- British-born U.S. psychologist influential in establishing experimental and physiological psychology and author of An Introduction to Social Psychology (1908; 30th ed. 1960), which did much to stimulate widespread study of ... [3 Related Articles]
- McDougall, William
- one of the fathers of Canadian Confederation who later served unsuccessfully as lieutenant governor of the Northwest Territories. [1 Related Articles]
- McDowall, Roderick Andrew Anthony Jude
- British-born actor (b. Sept. 17, 1928, London, Eng.--d. Oct. 3, 1998, Los Angeles, Calif.), was a child star who defied the odds against continued success and went on to adult ...
- McDowell, Ephraim
- American surgeon who is considered a founder of operative gynecology. He was the first to successfully remove an ovarian tumour (1809), demonstrating the feasibility of elective abdominal surgery.
- McDowell, Irvin
- U.S. Federal army officer who, after serving through the Mexican War, was promoted to brigadier general in 1861 and put in command of the Department of Northeastern Virginia. During the ... [1 Related Articles]
- McDowell, John
- (from the article "ethics") ...those judgments that reflect an appropriate "sensibility" to the relevant circumstances. Accordingly, the philosophers who adopted this approach, notably David Wiggins and John McDowell, were sometimes referred to as "sensibility ...
- McDuff, Jack
- American jazz organist (b. Sept. 17, 1926, Champaign, Ill.-d. Jan. 23, 2001, Minneapolis, Minn.), helped popularize soul jazz, a languid, blues-inspired jazz form that achieved prominence in the 1950s and ...
- McElroy, Joseph
- American novelist and short-story writer who was known for intricate, lengthy, and technically complex fiction.
- McEnroe, John
- American tennis player who established himself as a leading competitor in the late 1970s and the '80s. He also was noted for his poor behaviour on court, which resulted in ... [1 Related Articles]
- McEntire, Reba
- American singer and actress, one of the most popular female country vocal artists of the 20th century, who later found crossover success with her television sitcom, Reba. [1 Related Articles]
- McEwan, Ian
- British novelist, short-story writer, and screenwriter whose restrained, refined prose style accentuates the horror of his dark humour and perverse subject matter. [4 Related Articles]
- McEwen, Douglas
- (from the article "golf") The club makers of outstanding repute in the early 19th century were Hugh Philip at St. Andrews and the McEwan brothers of Musselburgh, notably Douglas, whose clubs were described as ...
- McEwen, Frank
- (from the article "Central African Workshop") art workshop established in the late 1950s by Frank McEwen, the director of the Rhodesian Art Gallery in Salisbury, Rhodesia (now Harare, Zimbabwe), in order to encourage local African artists. ...
- McEwen, Sir John
- farmer, politician, and prime minister of Australia from Dec. 19, 1967, to Jan. 10, 1968.
- McFadden, Daniel L.
- American economist and cowinner (with James J. Heckman) of the 2000 Nobel Prize for Economics for his development of theory and methods used in the analysis of individual or household ...
- McFadden, Darren
- (from the article "Football") ...and ranked second in passing efficiency, behind Oklahoma's Sam Bradford. Tebow also received the Maxwell Award for the top player and the Davey O'Brien Award for quarterbacks. Heisman runner-up Darren ...
- McFadden, Gene
- American songwriter, producer, and musician (b. 1949?, Philadelphia, Pa.-d. Jan. 27, 2006, Philadelphia), was-with his partner, John Whitehead-a key contributor to the "Philly soul" musical style of the 1970s, but ...
- McFarland, George Robert Phillips
- ("SPANKY"), U.S. actor (b. Oct. 2, 1928, Dallas, Texas--d. June 30, 1993, Grapevine, Texas), was the precocious rotund child star who voiced authority while portraying Spanky, the beanie-sporting leader of ...
- McFarlane, Robert C.
- (from the article "Iran-Contra Affair") ...in secret weapons transactions and other activities that either were prohibited by the U.S. Congress or violated the stated public policy of the government. In early 1985 the head of ...
- McFerrin, Bobby
- Imagine a symphony orchestra performing Rossini's William Tell overture not on their instruments but by singing. Imagine, in fact, an album of orchestral works by Mozart, Bach, and other masters ...
- McFerrin, Robert, Sr.
- American opera singer (b. March 19, 1921, Marianna, Ark.-d. Nov. 24, 2006, St. Louis, Mo.), became the first black male to solo at the Metropolitan Opera when he made his ...
- McGahern, John
- Irish novelist and short-story writer known for his depictions of Irish men and women constricted and damaged by the conventions of their native land. [2 Related Articles]
- McGavin, Darren
- American actor (b. May 7, 1922, Spokane, Wash.-d. Feb. 25, 2006, Los Angeles, Calif.), had a nearly 70-year career during which he showcased his versatility in hundreds of character roles. ...
- McGee, Thomas D'Arcy
- Irish-Canadian writer and chief political orator of the Canadian confederation movement.
- McGeogh, J. A.
- (from the article "learning theory") Such major investigators of learning as B.F. Skinner and J.A. McGeoch maintained in the 1930s and 1940s that preoccupation with theory was misguided. For them the approach simply was to ...
- McGeown, Patrick
- Irish political figure who in 1981 barely survived a 42-day hunger strike while he was serving a prison term for his part in an Irish Republican Army bombing in Belfast, ...
- McGhee, Brownie
- American blues singer, guitarist, pianist, songwriter, and longtime partner of the vocalist and harmonica player Sonny Terry. [2 Related Articles]
- McGill University
- private state-supported English-language university in Montreal that is internationally known for its work in chemistry, medicine, and biology. A bequest from the estate of James McGill, a Montreal merchant, was ... [3 Related Articles]
- McGill University Hockey Club
- (from the article "ice hockey") ...Daily British Whig of Kingston, Ontario, reported, "Shins and heads were battered, benches smashed and the lady spectators fled in confusion." The first organized team, the McGill University Hockey Club, ...
- McGill, James
- Scottish-born fur trader, merchant, politician, and philanthropist whose fortune and property established McGill University in Montreal.
- McGill, Ralph
- crusading American journalist whose editorials in the Atlanta Constitution had a profound influence on social change in the southern United States. He was sometimes called "the conscience of the New ... [1 Related Articles]
- McGillivray, Alexander
- Scots-French-Indian who became the principal chief of the Creek Indians in the years following the American Revolution. He was largely responsible for the Creeks' retention of their tribal identity and ...
- McGinley, Phyllis
- American poet and author of books for juveniles, best known for her light verse celebrating suburban home life.
- McGinn, Colin
- (from the article "Cartesianism") ...problem in a manner reminiscent of Descartes, who argued that, although mind-body interaction seems to be impossible, human beings experience it, and God can make it happen. The British philosopher ...
- McGivney, Michael J.
- (from the article "Knights of Columbus") international fraternal benefit society of Roman Catholic men, founded by the Reverend Michael J. McGivney and chartered by the state of Connecticut in the United States in 1882. Besides supplying ...
- McGlew, Derrick John
- South African cricketer who was a mainstay for Natal (1947/48-67) and South Africa (1951-60). A tenacious defensive batsman (usually batting as an opener), McGlew scored 12,170 runs (average 45.92), including ...
- McGovern, George S
- U.S. senator who was an unsuccessful reformist Democratic candidate for the presidency in 1972. He campaigned on a platform advocating an immediate end to the Vietnam War and for a ... [4 Related Articles]
- McGovern, Terry
- American professional boxer, world bantamweight (118 pounds) champion, 1899-1900, and featherweight (126 pounds) champion, 1900-01.
- McGowan, James Sinclair Taylor
- (from the article "New South Wales") Despite the disturbances occasioned by war and depression, much was accomplished in New South Wales between 1900 and 1945. Labor held office for the first time under James Sinclair Taylor ...
- McGrath, Glenn Donald
- When cricketer Glenn ("Pigeon") McGrath retired in 2007 at the age of 36, the 1.95-m (6-ft 5-in) Australian with the metronomic action and the clinical mind had taken more wickets ... [2 Related Articles]
- McGrath, Kathleen
- captain (ret.), U.S. Navy (b. June 4, 1952, Columbus, Ohio-d. Sept. 26, 2002, Bethesda, Md.), was appointed captain of the guided-missile frigate USS Jarrett in 1998 and thereby became the ...
- McGraw, John
- American professional baseball player and manager who led the New York Giants to 10 National League championships. [2 Related Articles]
- McGraw, Phil
- American psychologist, author, and television personality who gained fame following numerous appearances on The Oprah Winfrey Show and with his own daytime talk show, [1 Related Articles]
- McGraw, Tim
- American musician, whose melodic, heartfelt songs and sandy Southern twang made him one of the most popular country music singers in the 1990s and early 2000s. [4 Related Articles]
- McGraw, Tug
- American baseball player (b. Aug. 30, 1944, Martinez, Calif.-d. Jan. 5, 2004, Nashville, Tenn.), was a relief pitching hero for the New York Mets and Philadelphia Phillies professional baseball teams. ...
- McGready, James
- (from the article "camp meeting") ...denominations. Camp meetings filled an ecclesiastical and spiritual need in the unchurched settlements as the population moved west. Their origin is obscure, but historians have generally credited James McGready (c. ...
- McGreevey, James
- (from the article "United States") Two governors, John Rowland of Connecticut and James McGreevey of New Jersey, were forced to resign under a cloud of scandal during the year. Rowland, a Republican, quit June 21 ...
- McGregor Memorial Conference Community Center
- (from the article "Yamasaki, Minoru") The McGregor Memorial Conference Community Center at Wayne State University in Detroit, completed in 1958, is a widely admired example of how he used interior and exterior design to convey ...
- McGregor, Douglas
- (from the article "industrial relations") Some of the most innovative thinking on management education and practice was originated by management theorist Douglas McGregor in The Human Side of Enterprise (1960). In this book McGregor challenged ...
- McGregor, Ewan
- (from the article "Performing Arts") Ewan McGregor returned to the stage as Sky Masterson in the 1950 classic musical Guys and Dolls, directed by Michael Grandage against a bare black brick wall that evoked the ...
- McGregor, Wayne
- (from the article "Performing Arts") ...and Christopher Wheeldon. Later in the season Wheeldon's DGV,a complete new work for the company, appeared on the same bill as the premiere of Chroma, by contemporary choreographer Wayne McGregor, ...
- McGregor, William
- (from the article "Football League") English professional football (soccer) organization. The league was formed in 1888, largely through the efforts of William McGregor, known afterward as the "father of the league." Twelve of the strongest ...
- McGroarty, John Steven
- (from the article "Los Angeles") ...religious movement that, for the next century, would spread like wildfire throughout the Western Hemisphere and other parts of the world. In 1921 the prominent California newspaperman and poet John ...
- McGroarty, Sister Julia
- Irish-born American religious leader and educator, the first American superior in the Sisters of Notre Dame de Namur, whose efforts increased the scope and quality of Roman Catholic education in ...
- McGrory, Mary
- American journalist (b. Aug. 22, 1918, Boston, Mass.-d. April 21, 2004, Washington, D.C.), broke ground as a female newspaper political columnist and enjoyed a more than 50-year-career. Her gift for ...
- McGuane, Thomas
- American author noted for his novels of violent action.
- McGuffey, William Holmes
- U.S. educator who is remembered chiefly for his series of elementary school reading books popularly known as the McGuffey Readers. [2 Related Articles]
- McGuigan, Barry
- (from the article "Pedroza, Eusebio") ...he made 19 title defenses, a division record. His reign came to an end on June 8, 1985, when he lost a 15-round decision (a fight whose outcome is determined ...
- McGuinn, Roger
- (from the article "Byrds, the") ...rock, particularly the songs of Bob Dylan, and whose changes in personnel created an extensive family tree of major country rock bands and pop supergroups. The principal members were Roger ...
- McGuinness, Frank
- (from the article "Performing Arts") With the arrival at the Donmar Warehouse of an astounding and powerful new interpretation of Euripides' Hecuba by Frank McGuinness, Clare Higgins reinforced her claim to membership in the front ...
- McGuinness, Martin
- (from the article "Ireland") ...30% and 26% of the vote, respectively. Paisley initially refused to say whether he would enter a power-sharing agreement, and negotiations came down to the wire. On May 8 Paisley ...
- McGuinty, Dalton
- (from the article "Religion") ...to unconfirmed reports of abuse of the Muslim holy book, the Department of State had told U.S. embassies to spread the word that the U.S. respects all religious faiths. In ...
- McGuire, Al
- American collegiate basketball coach who was a master at game coaching. [1 Related Articles]
- McGuire, Dorothy Hackett
- American actress (b. June 14, 1918, Omaha, Neb.-d. Sept. 14, 2001, Santa Monica, Calif.), had a long stage and screen career in which she specialized in portraying gentle, warm, and ...
- McGuire, Frank
- (from the article "Smith, Dean") ...as an assistant coach on Allen's staff before joining the U.S. Air Force in 1954. He was as an assistant coach at the United States Air Force Academy until 1958, ...
- McGuire, Peter J.
- (from the article "Labor Day") In the United States, Peter J. McGuire, a union leader who had founded the United Brotherhood of Carpenters in 1881, is generally given credit for the idea of Labor Day. ...
- McGwire, Mark
- professional baseball player, considered one of the most powerful hitters in the history of the game. In 1998 he set a major league record for most home runs in a ... [6 Related Articles]
- McHarg, Ian
- (from the article "Green Architecture: Building for the 21st Century") Influential pioneers who supported a more integrative mission during the 1960s and early '70s included architectural critic and social philosopher Lewis Mumford, landscape architect Ian McHarg, and scientist James Lovelock. ...
- McHenry, Fort
- (from the article "Fort McHenry National Monument and Historic Shrine") site of the star-shaped fort that successfully defended Baltimore, Md., U.S., from a British attack during the War of 1812. This event was the inspiration for Francis Scott Key's poem ...
- McHenry, Robert
- American encyclopaedist, editor, and author who was vice president and editor in chief of Encyclopaedia Britannica from 1992 to 1997, during its difficult transition from a print product sold door-to-door ...
- MCI Communications Corporation
- (from the article "Cerf, Vinton Gray") Cerf's work on making the Internet a publicly accessible medium continued after he left DARPA in 1982 to become a vice president at MCI Communications Corporation (after 1998, WorldCom, Inc.). ...
- McIlkenny, Richard
- Northern Irish-born factory worker (b. Dec. 22, 1933, Belfast, N.Ire.-d. May 21, 2006, Dublin, Ire.), was one of the Birmingham Six, who were wrongly convicted of a 1974 pub bombing ...
- McIntire, Carl Curtis
- American evangelist and radio broadcaster (b. May 17, 1906, Ypsilanti, Mich.-d. March 19, 2002, Voorhees, N.J.), was a firebrand fundamentalist preacher whose radio show, 20th Century Reformation ... [1 Related Articles]
- McIntire, Ray
- U.S. chemical engineer who inadvertently created what became known as Styrofoam while working for the Dow Chemical Co., where he was attempting to develop a rubberlike polymer to be used ...
- McIntire, Samuel
- U.S. architect and craftsman known as "the architect of Salem." A versatile craftsman, McIntire designed and produced furniture and interior woodwork in addition to his domestic architecture, in which he ... [1 Related Articles]
- McIntyre, Mount
- (from the article "Adirondack Mountains") ...foothills, with more than 40 summits higher than 4,000 feet (1,200 metres); the tallest are Mount Marcy, which is the highest point in the state at 5,344 feet (1,629 metres), ...
- McJunkin, George
- (from the article "Native American") In 1908 George McJunkin, ranch foreman and former slave, reported that the bones of an extinct form of giant bison (Bison antiquus) were eroding out of a ...
- McKay's bunting
- (from the article "bunting") ...the snow bunting (P. nivalis), sometimes called "snowflake," as their flocks seem to swirl through the air and then settle on winter fields. The whitest North American songbird, McKay's bunting ...
- McKay, Claude
- Jamaican-born poet and novelist whose Home to Harlem (1928) was the most popular novel written by an American black to that time. Before going to the U.S. in 1912, he ... [4 Related Articles]
- McKay, David O
- U.S. religious leader, ninth president (1951-70) of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (Mormons).
- McKay, David Stewart
- In 1996, a year in which extraterrestrials were the focus of movies, television shows, and books, David McKay proved that the real drama was taking place in a science laboratory. ...
- McKay, Donald
- Canadian-born naval architect and builder of the largest and fastest of the clipper ships. [2 Related Articles]
- McKay, Frederick
- (from the article "dentistry") In 20th-century America, advances occurred in all aspects of dentistry. Frederick McKay, a young American dentist practicing in Colorado, observed a condition of mottling of his patients' teeth, in which ...
- McKay, Gardner
- American actor, playwright, and novelist (b. June 10, 1932, New York, N.Y.-d. Nov. 21, 2001, Honolulu, Hawaii), achieved fame as the star of the popular television series Adventures in Paradise, ...
- McKay, Heather
- (from the article "squash rackets") ...teachers who often dominated open play from the 1950s to the 1990s; Janet Morgan, British women's champion from 1949-50 to 1958-59 and the winner of American and Australian titles; and ...
- McKay, Jim
- American sportscaster and journalist was a pioneer in American television sports coverage; as the sagacious and personable host (from 1961) of the groundbreaking ABC show The Wide World of Sports, ...
- McKay, John Harvey
- American football coach (b. July 5, 1923, Everettsville, W.Va.-d. June 10, 2001, Tampa, Fla.), guided the University of Southern California football team to four national titles-in 1962, 1967, 1972, and ...
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