| | - Mama Quilla
- (from the article "pre-Columbian civilizations") Mama Quilla (Mama-Kilya), wife of the sun god, was the Moon Mother, and the regulator of women's menstrual cycles. The waxing and waning of the moon was used to calculate ...
- Mamadou Dia
- (from the article "Senghor, Leopold") In late 1962 Prime Minister Mamadou Dia, a longtime protege of Senghor, attempted a coup d'etat. The Senegalese people rallied behind Senghor, however, and Dia was sentenced to life imprisonment ...
- Mamai
- (from the article "Dmitry (II) Donskoy") Subsequently, Mamai, the Mongol general who was the effective ruler of the western portion of the Golden Horde, formed a military alliance with neighbouring rulers for the purpose of subduing ...
- Mamaloni, Solomon
- (from the article "Solomon Islands") ...was attained on July 7, 1978. Peter Kenilorea, who had helped lead Solomon Islands to independence, became its first prime minister (1978-81) and served a second term from 1984 to ...
- mamanatowick
- (from the article "Powhatan") ...and energetic ruler, but he was also noted as being strict and occasionally cruel toward his subjects. In the Algonquian language of his people, his title as emperor was
- Mamari Kulibali
- (from the article "Bambara states") Mamari Kulibali, known as "the Commander" (reigned c. 1712-55), is regarded as the true founder of Segu; he extended his empire to what is now Bamako in the southwest and ...
- Mamaroneck
- village, Westchester county, New York, U.S. It is located on Long Island Sound, just northeast of New Rochelle, astride the border separating the towns (townships) of Mamaroneck and Rye. Although ...
- Mamas and the Papas, the
- American vocal quartet whose intricate harmonies brought them to the forefront of the folk rock movement of the 1960s. The original members were John Phillips (b. August 30, 1935, Parris ...
- mamba
- any of four species of large arboreal venomous snakes that live throughout sub-Saharan Africa in tropical rainforest and savanna. Mambas are slender, agile, and quick and are active during the ...
- Mamberamo River
- river in Indonesian Irian Jaya, northwestern New Guinea. Formed by the confluence of the Taritatu (Idenburg) and Tariku (Rouffaer) rivers, which converge in a large wild sago swamp, it flows ...
- Mamdani, E. H.
- (from the article "fuzzy logic") E.H. Mamdani, while a lecturer at Queen Mary College, London, working in the design of learning systems, is credited with implementing the first fuzzy logic controller in the early 1970s. ...
- Mamean
- (from the article "Maya") ...Belize; the Quichean peoples of the eastern and central highlands of Guatemala (Kekchi, Picomohi, Pocomam, Uspantec, Quiche, Cakchiquel, Tzutujil, Sacapultec, and Sipacapa); the Mamean peoples of the western Guatemalan highlands ...
- Mamedov, Hadji
- (from the article "Azerbaijan") The trial opened in July (on multiple murder and kidnapping charges) of former Interior Ministry official Hadji Mamedov, who testified that he had masterminded the March 2005 murder of opposition ...
- Mameli, Goffredo
- Italian poet and patriot of the Risorgimento and author of the Italian anthem "Inno di Mameli" ("Mameli Hymn"), popularly known as "Fratelli d'Italia" ("Brothers of Italy").
- mameluco
- (from mamaruca, Indian for "half-breed"), in colonial Brazil, especially in the Sao Paulo district, a person of mixed Indian and white ancestry. The reputation of mamelucos for cruelty toward Indians, ...
- Mamers
- (from the article "Mamertini") band of mercenaries from Campania, in Italy, who, by a shift in alliances, touched off the First Punic War between Rome and Carthage (264-241 BC). Their name was derived from ...
- Mamertini
- band of mercenaries from Campania, in Italy, who, by a shift in alliances, touched off the First Punic War between Rome and Carthage (264-241 BC). Their name was derived from ... [3 Related Articles]
- Mamertinus, Claudius
- Roman official, author of a panegyric on the emperor Julian delivered at Constantinople in AD 362 in the form of a gratiarum actio (thanksgiving) for the orator's elevation to the ...
- Mamertus of Vienne, Saint
- (from the article "Rogation Days") The Minor Rogations were first introduced in Gaul by St. Mamertus of Vienne about the year 470 and were made binding for all of Gaul by the first Council of ...
- Mamet, David
- American playwright, director, and screenwriter noted for his often desperate working-class characters and for his distinctive, colloquial, and frequently profane dialogue. [2 Related Articles]
- Mami, Cheb
- In 2001 internationally renowned Algerian rai singer Cheb Mami continued his efforts to cultivate an American fan base. Before his 1999 collaboration with British pop singer Sting on the smash-hit ...
- Mamikonian dynasty
- (from the article "Armenia") The first, unsuccessful, Arab raid into Armenia in 640 found the defense of the country in the hands of the Byzantine general Procopius and the nakharar Theodor ...
- Mamiya Michio
- (from the article "arts, East Asian") ...nationalistically in his choral settings of Japanese and Ainu music, in which the style of vocal production and chordal references seems to be a more honest abstraction of Japanese ideals. ...
- mamlahah
- (from the article "Arabian Desert") ...dissolved minerals or-more usually-from the evaporation of saline waters nurtured by nearby outcrops of salt. The Arabic name for this kind of salt flat is mamlahah. Arabs ...
- Mamluk
- slave soldier, a member of one of the armies of slaves that won political control of several Muslim states during the Middle Ages. Under the Ayyubid sultanate, Mamluk generals used ... [34 Related Articles]
- mammal
- any member of the group of vertebrate animals in which the young are nourished with milk from special mammary glands of the mother. In addition to these characteristic milk glands, ... [64 Related Articles]
- mammalian diving reflex
- (from the article "drowning") A natural biological mechanism that is triggered by contact with extremely cold water, known as the mammalian diving reflex, enhances survival during submersion, thus permitting seagoing mammals to hunt for ...
- mammalogy
- scientific study of mammals. Interest in nonhuman mammals dates far back in prehistory, and the modern science of mammalogy has its broad foundation in the knowledge of mammals possessed by ...
- mammary gland
- milk-producing gland characteristic of all female mammals and present in a rudimentary and generally nonfunctional form in males. Mammary glands are regulated by the endocrine system and become functional in ... [17 Related Articles]
- mammee apple
- fruit of Mammea americana, a large, primarily West Indian tree of the garcinia family (Clusiaceae), with opposite, leathery, gland-dotted leaves; white, sweet-scented, short-stalked, solitary or clustered axillary flowers; and yellow ... [1 Related Articles]
- Mammeri, Mouloud
- Kabyle novelist, playwright, and translator who depicted the changing realities of modern-day Algeria.
- Mammillaria
- large genus (some 150 species) of low-growing cacti, native to the Western Hemisphere and concentrated in Mexico. It includes pincushion, fishhook, snowball, bird's-nest, golden-star, thimble, old woman, coral, royal cross, ... [1 Related Articles]
- mammillary body
- (from the article "memory abnormality") Severe and highly specific amnesic symptoms principally stem from damage to such brain structures as the mammillary bodies, circumscribed parts of the thalamus, and of the temporal lobe (e.g., the ...
- mammillary texture
- (from the article "mineral") ...forming starlike or circular groups; globular, radiating individuals forming small spherical or hemispherical groups; dendritic, in slender divergent branches, somewhat plantlike; mammillary, large smoothly rounded, masses resembling mammae, formed by ...
- mammography
- (from the article "breast cancer") Breast cancer may be first discovered by the patient as the result of a regular breast self-examination. A breast X ray (mammogram) is often used for initial diagnosis, but in ...
- mammoth
- (genus Mammuthus), any member of an extinct group of elephants found as fossils in Pleistocene deposits over every continent except Australia and South America (the Pleistocene epoch ... [2 Related Articles]
- Mammoth Cave National Park
- national park containing an extensive system of limestone caverns, in west-central Kentucky, U.S.; it was designated a World Heritage site in 1981. The park, authorized in 1926 but fully established ... [3 Related Articles]
- Mammoth Jack
- (from the article "livestock farming") ...because of their ability to withstand most types of stress including heat, irregular feeding, and abuse. The mule is produced by crossing a jackass (Equus asinus) with a mare. The ...
- mamo
- (species Drepanis pacifica), Hawaiian songbird of the family Drepanididae (order Passeriformes), which became extinct in about 1898. About 20 cm (8 inches) long, it was black with yellow touches and ... [1 Related Articles]
- Mamo, Sir Anthony Joseph
- Maltese jurist and statesman was the first president (1974-76) of the independent Republic of Malta and came to be regarded as a symbol of the new country. Mamo obtained (1934) ...
- Mamom culture
- (from the article "pre-Columbian civilizations") In the Maya lowlands the Mamom cultures developed out of those of Xe times. Mamom shares many similarities with the highland Maya at Las Charcas: pottery is almost entirely monochrome-red, ...
- Mamore River
- river in north-central Bolivia. It is formed by headwaters, chiefly the Grande River, which arise in Andean cordilleras and drain the Moxos (Mojos) plain, an ancient lake bed. The Mamore ... [1 Related Articles]
- Mamou
- town, west-central Guinea. Located on the Conakry-Kankan railway and at the intersection of roads from Kindia, Dalaba, Dabola, and Faranah, Mamou was founded in 1908 as a collecting point on ...
- Mamoulian, Rouben
- theatrical and motion-picture director noted for his contribution to the development of cinematic art at the beginning of the sound era. His achievements include the skillful blending of music and ...
- Mamprusi
- a people who inhabit the area between the White Volta and Nasia rivers in northern Ghana. The Mamprusi speak different dialects of More-Gurma (Moore-Gurma) of the Gur (Voltaic) branch of ...
- Mamre
- (from the article "Abraham") Abraham had not yet come to the end of his journey. Between Shechem and Bethel he had gone about 31 miles. It was about as far again from Bethel to ...
- Mamry
- (from the article "Warminsko-Mazurskie") ...is the Staropruska Lowland, and to the west are the Gdansk Coastland and the Masurian Lakeland, site of Poland's largest lakes-Sniardwy (44 square miles [114 square km]) and Mamry (40 ...
- Mamvu
- (from the article "Ituri Forest") ...are found with the Mangbetu in the northwest. The Efe have the broadest distribution, extending across the northern and eastern portions of the Ituri, and are associated with the Sudanic-speaking ...
- Man
- town, western Cote d'Ivoire (Ivory Coast). The town is situated along the Ko River, in a mountainous area (Massif de Man) on the eastern edge of the Nimba Range. There ...
- Man Mandir palace
- (from the article "South Asian arts") ...Among the Hindu structures of this period are the extensive series of palaces, all in ruin, built by Rana Kumbha ac. 1430-69) at Chitor, and the superb Man Mandir palace ...
- Man O' War
- (foaled 1917), probably the most famous American racehorse (Thoroughbred), overwhelmingly voted, in an Associated Press poll taken in 1950, the greatest horse of the first half of the 20th century. ...
- man orchid
- (species Aceras anthropophorum), the only species in the genus Aceras, plant family Orchidaceae. It is native to grasslands of Great Britain, Eurasia, and northern Africa. The man orchid derives its ...
- Man Ray
- photographer, painter, and filmmaker who was the only American to play a major role in both the Dada and Surrealist movements. [5 Related Articles]
- Man Singh
- (from the article "Rajmahal") Man Singh, a Mauryan governor of Bengal, chose the site for his capital in 1595-96 because of its strategic command of the Teliagarh Pass and Ganges River. The capital of ...
- man'yo-gana
- (from the article "arts, East Asian") ...Chinese writing styles, as well as for some forays into individualized expression and adaptation of technical features of character representation. Modified versions of Chinese characters, known as man'yogana, were employed ...
- Man'yo-shu
- (Japanese: "Collection of Ten Thousand Leaves"), oldest (c. 759) and greatest of the imperial anthologies of Japanese poetry. Among the 4,500 poems are some from the 7th century and perhaps ... [5 Related Articles]
- man'yogana
- (from the article "writing") In the 8th century the phonographic principle was applied more systematically in a writing system called man'yogana, a syllabary very similar in form to the Semitic alphabet. ...
- Man, City of
- (from the article "Augustine, Saint") ...affiliated with the Christian church. During the next 15 years, working meticulously through a lofty architecture of argument, he outlined a new way to understand human society, setting up the ...
- Man, das
- (from the article "Heidegger, Martin") ...such a degree that he is temporarily absorbed (Aufgehen in). He is then nobody in particular; and a structure that Heidegger calls das Man ...
- Man, Felix H.
- (from the article "photography, history of") ...new style of photographs. Erich Salomon captured revealing candid portraits of politicians and other personalities by sneaking his camera into places and meetings officially closed to photographers. Felix H. Man, ...
- Man, Hendrik de
- (from the article "Belgium") With the onset of the Great Depression, the Socialist Party advocated a program of economic planning in accordance with the ideas of the socialist theorist Hendrik de Man. At the ...
- Man, Isle of
- one of the British Isles, located in the Irish Sea off the northwest coast of England. The island lies roughly equidistant between England, Ireland, Scotland, and Wales. The Isle of ... [8 Related Articles]
- man-brute view
- (from the article "comparative psychology") ...animals with human capacities always has been strong. In recorded history, two different views have developed concerning human beings' relation to the lower animals. One, termed for convenience the man-brute ...
- man-machine model
- (from the article "human-factors engineering") Human-factors engineers regard humans as an element in systems, and a man-machine model is the usual way of representing that relationship. The simplest model of a man-machine unit consists of ...
- man-of-war fish
- (species Nomeus gronovii), small marine fish of the family Nomeidae (order Perciformes; sometimes placed in family Stromateidae), noted for living unharmed among the stinging tentacles of the Portuguese man-of-war jellyfish ... [1 Related Articles]
- man-to-man defense
- (from the article "basketball") Systems of defense also have developed over the years. One of the major strategies is known as man-to-man or man-for-man. In this system each player guards a specific opponent, except ...
- Mana
- town, northwestern French Guiana, on the south bank of the Mana River, near its mouth on the Atlantic coast. It originated in 1830 around an orphanage founded by a French ...
- mana
- among Melanesian and Polynesian peoples, a supernatural force or power that may be ascribed to persons, spirits, or inanimate objects. Mana may be either good or evil, beneficial or dangerous. ... [7 Related Articles]
- Mana Pools National Park
- (from the article "Principal national parks of the world") ...marooned by the formation of the lake. Kariba has become one of Zimbabwe's major tourist resorts, largely because of its location on the lake and proximity to several national parks, ...
- Manacus
- (from the article "manakin") ...displayed in leks vary between species. White-throated manakins (Corapipo gutturalis) gather around a log, where the males bob and pose as they creep toward the female. Males of the genus ...
- Manado
- city, capital of Sulawesi Utara (North Celebes) provinsi (province), Indonesia, located near the tip of the north-northeastern arm of Celebes island on an inlet of the Celebes ...
- managed chain store
- (from the article "marketing") ...operations, and similar lines of merchandise are considered corporate chain stores. Corporate chain stores appear to be strongest in the food, drug, shoe, variety, and women's clothing industries. Managed chain ...
- managed currency
- (from the article "Roosevelt, Franklin D.") ...foreign policy was overshadowing domestic policy. From the beginning of his presidency, Roosevelt had been deeply involved in foreign-policy questions. Although he refused to support international currency stabilization at the ...
- managed float
- (from the article "International Monetary Fund") ...to determine its exchange rate: a free float, in which the exchange rate for a country's currency is determined by the supply and demand of that currency on the international ...
- management
- (from the article "business organization") The third essential feature, a system of management, varies greatly. In a simple form of business association the members who provide the assets are entitled to participate in the management ...
- Management and Budget, Office of
- (from the article "government budget") Since 1921 the budget of the United States has been the responsibility of the president. It is prepared under his direct authority by the Office of Management and Budget (OMB). ...
- management information system
- (from the article "operations research") In the 1960s, when computers were applied to the routine decision-making problems of managers, management information systems (MIS) emerged. These systems use the raw (usually historical) data from data-processing systems ...
- manager
- (from the article "baseball") At the start of each game, managers from both teams submit a batting order to the umpire. The order lists the name and defensive position of each player in the ...
- managerial accounting
- (from the article "accounting") Although published financial statements are the most widely visible products of business accounting systems and the ones with which the public is most concerned, they represent only a small portion ...
- managerial economics
- application of economic principles to decision-making in business firms or of other management units. The basic concepts are derived mainly from microeconomic theory, which studies the behaviour of individual consumers, ...
- managing director
- (from the article "business organization") ...a majority vote but also have the right to delegate any of their powers, or even the whole management of the company's business, to one or more of their number. ...
- Managua
- city, capital of Nicaragua, lying amid small crater lakes on the southern shore of Lake Managua. One of Central America's warmest capitals, the city is only 163 feet (50 metres) ... [5 Related Articles]
- Managua, Lake
- lake in western Nicaragua, in a rift valley at an elevation of 128 feet (39 m) above sea level. The lake, 65 feet (20 m) in depth, is 36 miles ... [2 Related Articles]
- Managua, Treaty of
- (from the article "international trade") ...a free trade area within 10 years. The participating countries also agreed to the industrial integration of the region. These arrangements were completed by the signing on December 13, 1960, ...
- Manakara
- town, southeastern Madagascar. It is situated along the Indian Ocean and the Pangalanes Canal. An old fishing village, it became a thriving Indian Ocean port after a railway was constructed ...
- manakin
- the common name given to about 50 to 60 species of small, stubby, generally short-tailed birds abundant in American tropical forests. Manakins are short-billed birds that range in size from ... [1 Related Articles]
- Manala
- in Finnish mythology, the realm of the dead. The word is possibly derived from the compound maan-ala, "the space (or area) under the earth." It is also called Tuonela, the ...
- Manama
- capital and largest city of the state and emirate of Bahrain. It lies at the northeast tip of Bahrain island, in the Persian Gulf. About one-fifth of the emirate's population ... [6 Related Articles]
- Manamah, Al-
- (from the article "'Ajman") ...the capital and major urban settlement. 'Ajman also includes two interior exclaves (noncontiguous sections) on the Musandam Peninsula, the horn of the Arabian Peninsula. They are tiny Al-Manamah, 37 miles ...
- Mananga, Mount
- (from the article "Lebombo Mountains") ...Mozambique and the South African provinces of Mpumalanga and Limpopo, extending north of the Olifants River. The average elevation of the range is about 1,970 feet (600 metres) above sea ...
- Mananjary
- town, eastern Madagascar. It lies at the mouth of the Mananjary River. A port on the Indian Ocean and the Pangalanes Canal, it handles coastal shipments of coffee, vanilla, cacao, ...
- Manannan mac Lir
- (Celtic: "Manannan, Son of the Sea"), Irish sea god from whom the name of the Isle of Man allegedly derived. Manannan traditionally ruled an island paradise, protected sailors, and provided ... [1 Related Articles]
- Manapire River
- (from the article "Orinoco River") ...over gently sloping plains. Shoals and alluvial islands are abundant; some of the islands are large enough to divide the channel into narrow passages. Tributaries include the Guarico, Manapire, Suata ...
- Manapouri, Lake
- lake, southwestern South Island, New Zealand, the deepest lake in the country. It is one of the Southern Lakes, found in the highland section of Fiordland National Park, which were ...
- Manaro
- (from the article "Aoba") volcanic island of Vanuatu, in the southwestern Pacific Ocean, 30 miles (50 km) east of Espiritu Santo. With an area of 154 square miles (399 square km), the island is ...
- manas
- (Sanskrit: "thought"), in Indian philosophy, the human "mind," that faculty which coordinates sensory impressions before they are presented to the consciousness. Thus, when a person sees, hears, and smells an ... [1 Related Articles]
- Manas the Noble
- (from the article "Kyrgyzstan, flag of") The background of the new flag, which is still used today, also is red, but this was said to derive from a flag carried by the Kyrgyz national hero, Manas ...
- Manas Wild Life Sanctuary
- wildlife sanctuary in western Assam state, eastern India. It is situated at the foot of the Himalayas on the eastern bank of the Manas River, 92 miles (153 km) west ... [1 Related Articles]
- Manasa
- folk goddess of snakes, worshiped mainly in Bengal and other parts of northeastern India, chiefly for the prevention and cure of snakebite and also for fertility and general prosperity. As ... [1 Related Articles]
- Manaslu I
- one of the world's highest mountains (26,781 feet [8,163 m]); it lies in the Himalayas of north Nepal, 38 miles (61 km) north of the town of Gurkha. The summit ...
- Manassas
- residential city, seat (1892) of Prince William county, northeastern Virginia, U.S. It is situated near the creek Bull Run, 35 miles (56 km) southwest of Washington, D.C. Originally known as ... [1 Related Articles]
|
|
