| | - Lamartine, Alphonse de
- French poet and statesman whose lyrics in Meditations poetiques (1820) established him as one of the key figures in the Romantic movement in French literature. [4 Related Articles]
- lamasery
- (from the article "monasticism") Apart from the redemptive, spiritual, and social goals of monastic systems, most of them tolerate peripheral goals that may be rather mundane. A Tibetan lamasery (monastic religious centre), for example, ...
- Lamashtu
- in Mesopotamian religion, the most terrible of all female demons, daughter of the sky god Anu (Sumerian: An). A wicked female who slew children and drank the blood of men ... [1 Related Articles]
- Lamaze
- method of childbirth that involves psychological and physical preparation by the mother for the purpose of suppressing pain and facilitating delivery without drugs. [2 Related Articles]
- Lamaze, Fernand
- (from the article "Lamaze") The Lamaze method, one of the more popular methods of childbirth preparation, was introduced by Fernand Lamaze in the 1950s as an attempt to lessen pain-increasing tension and anxiety of ...
- lamb
- live sheep before the age of one year, and the flesh of such animals. Mutton refers to the flesh of the mature ram or ewe at least one year old; ... [3 Related Articles]
- lamb
- (from the article "church year") ...popular customs reflect many ancient pagan survivals-in this instance, connected with spring fertility rites, such as the symbols of the Easter egg and the Easter hare or rabbit. The Easter ...
- Lamb shift
- (from the article "spectroscopy") ...energies. Lamb and Retherford showed that the energy levels were in fact separated by about 1,058 megahertz; hence the theory was incomplete. This energy separation in hydrogen, known as the ...
- lamb's quarters
- (species Chenopodium album), an annual weed of the amaranth family (Amaranthaceae), of wide distribution in Asia, Europe, and North America. It can grow up to 3 metres (about 10 feet) ... [1 Related Articles]
- Lamb, Charles
- English essayist and critic, best known for his Essays of Elia (1823-33). [2 Related Articles]
- Lamb, Elizabeth
- (from the article "Melbourne, William Lamb, 2nd Viscount, Lord Melbourne, Baron of Kilmore, Baron Melbourne of Melbourne") Lamb's mother, Elizabeth (nee Milbanke), was a confidante of the poet Lord Byron and an aunt of Byron's future wife Anne Isabella ("Annabella") Milbanke. It was widely believed that the ...
- Lamb, Mary Ann
- English writer, known for Tales from Shakespear, written with her brother Charles. [1 Related Articles]
- Lamb, Sir Horace
- English mathematician who contributed to the field of mathematical physics. [1 Related Articles]
- Lamb, Sir Larry
- British newspaper editor (b. July 15, 1929, Fitzwilliam, Yorkshire, Eng.-d. May 18, 2000, London, Eng.), was credited with inventing modern British tabloid journalism when he transformed The ...
- Lamb, Sydney M.
- American linguist and originator of stratificational grammar, an outgrowth of glossematics theory. (Glossematics theory is based on glossemes, the smallest meaningful units of a language.) [3 Related Articles]
- Lamb, Willis Eugene, Jr.
- American physicist and corecipient, with Polykarp Kusch, of the 1955 Nobel Prize for Physics for experimental work that spurred refinements in the quantum theories of electromagnetic phenomena. [5 Related Articles]
- Lamba
- a Bantu-speaking people living in the Keran River valley and Togo Mountains of northeastern Togo and adjacent areas of Benin. The Lamba, like the neighbouring and related Kabre, claim descent ... [1 Related Articles]
- Lambadi Gypsy
- (from the article "South Asian arts") The Lambadi Gypsy women of Andhra Pradesh wear mirror-speckled headdresses and skirts and cover their arms with broad, white bone bracelets. They dance in slow, swaying movements, with men acting ...
- Lambakanna dynasty
- (from the article "Sri Lanka") The Vijaya dynasty of kings continued, with brief interruptions, until 65 CE, when Vasabha, a member of the Lambakanna royal family, founded the Lambakanna dynasty. The Lambakannas ruled for about ...
- Lamballe, Marie-Therese-Louise de Savoie-Carignan, Princess de
- the intimate companion of Queen Marie-Antoinette of France; she was murdered by a crowd during the French Revolution for her alleged participation in the queen's counterrevolutionary intrigues.
- Lambarene
- city, west-central Gabon, located on an island in the Ogooue River at a point where the river is over half a mile wide. It is a trading and lumbering centre ...
- lambda calculus
- (from the article "artificial intelligence") In 1960 John McCarthy combined elements of IPL with the lambda calculus (a formal mathematical-logical system) to produce the programming language LISP (List Processor), which remains the principal language for ...
- lambda particle
- (from the article "subatomic particle") ...with an electric charge of −e and a strangeness of −3, just as is required for the omega-minus (Ω−) particle; and the neutral strange particle known as the lambda (Lambda) ...
- lambda phage
- (from the article "recombinant DNA technology") Several bacterial viruses have also been used as vectors. The most commonly used is the lambda phage. The central part of the lambda genome is not essential for the virus ...
- lambda point
- (from the article "superfluidity") ...455.76 °F) in 1938, simultaneously by Soviet physicist Pyotr Leonidovich Kapitsa and by Canadian physicists John F. Allen and A.D. Misener. (The transition to the superfluid phase is called the ...
- Lambeau Field
- (from the article "Green Bay Packers") ...people of Wisconsin. From 1933 to 1994 the Packers elected to play some of their home games each year in Milwaukee to benefit from the larger market. Beginning in 1995, ...
- Lambeau, Curly
- American gridiron football coach who had one of the longest and most distinguished careers in the history of the game. A founder of the Green Bay Packers in 1919, he ... [1 Related Articles]
- Lambeosaurus
- duck-billed dinosaur (hadrosaur) notable for the hatchet-shaped hollow bony crest on top of its skull. Fossils of this herbivore date to the Late Cretaceous Period (99 million to 65 million ... [1 Related Articles]
- Lambermont, Auguste, Baron
- Belgian statesman who in 1863 helped free Belgium's maritime commerce by negotiating a settlement of the Schelde Question-the dispute over Dutch control of the maritime commerce of Antwerp, Belgium's main ... [1 Related Articles]
- lambert
- unit of luminance (brightness) in the centimetre-gram-second system of physical measurement. (See the International System of Units.) It is defined as the brightness of a perfectly diffusing surface that radiates ... [2 Related Articles]
- Lambert conformal projection
- conic projection for making maps and charts in which a cone is, in effect, placed over the Earth with its apex aligned with one of the geographic poles. The cone ... [2 Related Articles]
- Lambert of Auxerre
- (from the article "logic, history of") ...more commonly known as Summulae logicales ("Little Summaries of Logic") probably in the early 1230s; it was used as a textbook in some late medieval universities; (2) Lambert of Auxerre, ...
- Lambert Of Hersfeld
- chronicler who assembled a valuable source for the history of 11th-century Germany.
- Lambert of Saint-Omer
- (from the article "encyclopaedia") The Liber floridus (c. 1120) of Lambert of Saint-Omer is an unoriginal miscellany, but it has an interest of its own in that it discards practical matters in favour of ...
- Lambert Of Spoleto
- duke of Spoleto, king of Italy, and Holy Roman emperor (892-898) during the turbulent late Carolingian Age. He was one of many claimants to the imperial title. [1 Related Articles]
- Lambert's filbert
- (from the article "filbert") ...with two American shrubs, the American filbert (C. americana) and the beaked filbert (C. cornuta), popularly called hazelnuts. The large cobnut is a variety of the European filbert; Lambert's filbert ...
- Lambert's law
- (from the article "colorimetry") ...for identification and determination of concentrations of substances that absorb light. Two fundamental laws are applied: that of a French scientist, Pierre Bouguer, which is also known as Lambert's law, ...
- Lambert, Constant
- English composer, conductor, and critic who played a leading part in establishing the ballet as an art form in England.
- Lambert, Eleanor
- American fashion publicist (b. Aug. 10, 1903, Crawfordsville, Ind.-d. Oct. 7, 2003, New York, N.Y.), helped elevate American fashion to international prominence and saw that American designers-most notably Halston, Oscar ...
- Lambert, Francois
- Protestant convert from Roman Catholicism and leading reformer in Hesse.
- Lambert, Gavin
- (from the article "Literature") ...and Andrea Rita Dworkin (see Obituaries), other losses in American arts and letters included those of poet Philip Lamantia, author Max Steele, and screenwriter and biographer Gavin ...
- Lambert, Gerard Barnes
- American merchandiser and advertiser who marketed his father's invention of Listerine mouthwash by making bad breath a social disgrace.
- Lambert, Johann Heinrich
- Swiss German mathematician, astronomer, physicist, and philosopher who provided the first rigorous proof that pi (the ratio of a circle's circumference to its diameter) is irrational, meaning that it cannot ... [5 Related Articles]
- Lambert, John
- a leading Parliamentary general during the English Civil Wars and the principal architect of the Protectorate, the form of republican government existing in England from 1653 to 1659. [2 Related Articles]
- Lambert, John William
- (from the article "automobile") ...a graceful gasoline-powered tricycle believed by historians to have been completed in 1887. Henry Nadig, another Pennsylvania inventor, completed a vehicle and tested it in 1891, the same year as ...
- Lambert, Piggy
- U.S. collegiate basketball coach who pioneered the fast break, an offensive drive down the court at all-out speed.
- Lambert, Saint
- (from the article "Liege") ...accent in Liege was officially approved over the acute in 1946.) The site was inhabited in prehistoric times and was known to the Romans as Leodium. A chapel was built ...
- Lambert, William G.
- American journalist who shared a 1957 Pulitzer Prize for revealing Teamsters Union corruption and who in 1969, in a Life magazine article, disclosed U.S. Supreme Court Justice Abe Fortas's acceptance ...
- Lambert-St. Louis Municipal Airport
- (from the article "Yamasaki, Minoru") ...projects was a modern addition for the Neoclassic-style Federal Reserve Bank building there. He resigned in 1949 to become a partner with George Hellmuth and Joseph Leinweber. Yamasaki designed the ...
- Lambessa
- an Algerian village notable for its Roman ruins; it is located in the Batna departement, 80 miles (128 km) south-southwest of Constantine by road. [2 Related Articles]
- Lambeth
- inner borough of London, part of the historic county of Surrey, extending southward from the River Thames. It includes the districts of (roughly north to south) Lambeth, Vauxhall, Kennington, South ... [1 Related Articles]
- Lambeth Conference
- any of the periodic gatherings of bishops of the Anglican Communion held initially (1867-1968) at Lambeth Palace (the London house of the archbishop of Canterbury) and, since 1978, at Canterbury, ... [4 Related Articles]
- Lambeth Palace
- , official London residence of the Anglican archbishop of Canterbury and until 1978 the site of the Lambeth Conference, an episcopal assembly that is called about once every 10 years ... [1 Related Articles]
- Lambeth Quadrilateral
- four points that constitute the basis for union discussions of the Anglican Communion with other Christian groups: acceptance of Holy Scripture as the rule of faith; the Apostles' and the ... [1 Related Articles]
- Lambeth walk
- (from the article "Lupino Family") ...and toured extensively in variety, musical comedy, and pantomime. In 1937 he scored a tremendous success as Bill Snibson in the British musical Me and My Girl, in which he ...
- lambic beer
- (from the article "beer") Lambic and gueuze beers are produced mainly in Belgium. The wort is made from malted barley, unmalted wheat, and aged hops. The fermentation process is allowed to proceed from the ...
- Lambiel, Stephane
- (from the article "Ice Skating") There was no jumper more consistent than France's Brian Joubert, who unseated Switzerland's Stephane Lambiel as world champion. Lambiel settled for bronze behind silver medalist Daisuke Takahashi of Japan. Joubert ...
- Lambing Flat Riots
- (1860-61), wave of anti-Chinese disturbances in the goldfields of New South Wales, Australia, which led to restriction of Chinese immigration. Many white and Chinese miners had flocked to the settlement ...
- lambkill
- (species Kalmia angustifolia), an open upright woody shrub of the heath family (Ericaceae). Lambkill is 0.3-1.2 m (1-4 feet) tall and has glossy, leathery, evergreen leaves and showy pink to ... [1 Related Articles]
- Lamborghini, Ferruccio
- Italian industrialist (b. April 28, 1916, Cento, Italy--d. Feb. 20, 1993, Perugia, Italy), founded a luxury car company that produced some of the fastest, most expensive, and sought-after sports cars ...
- Lambrick, Hugh Trevor
- (from the article "India") ...Mohenjo-daro. Both are based on an estimation of the original area covered and the density of the people living there, using traditional settlements in the region in the present day ...
- Lame constant
- (from the article "solids, mechanics of") ...as the notation for the shear modulus, following convention, and where lambda = 2numu/(1 − 2nu). The elastic constants lambda and mu are sometimes called the Lame constants. Since nu ...
- lamed form
- (from the article "calligraphy") ...ones. Then, too, there was a tendency to hold these strong horizontals on the top line, with trailing descenders finding a typical length, long or short on the basis of ...
- lamella
- (from the article "lizard") ...Acanthodactylus have fringes on the toes that provide increased surface area, preventing the lizard from sinking into loose desert sand. Arboreal geckos and anoles (Anolis) have lamellae (fine plates) on ...
- lamella
- (from the article "Anthropology and Archaeology") ...remains of a chariot racing track from the 2nd century AD and a well-preserved tiled bathhouse chamber. Also in England, a scrap of gold foil found in a Norfolk garden ...
- lamella
- (from the article "mineral") ...in aggregates. Examples of some descriptive terms for such aggregations, illustrated in Figure 8, are given here: granular, an intergrowth of mineral grains of approximately the same size; lamellar, flat, ...
- lamella
- (from the article "photosynthesis") ...final acceptor of electrons, replacing the nonphysiological electron acceptors used by Hill. His procedures were refined further so that individual small pieces of isolated chloroplast membranes, or lamellae, could perform ...
- lamella dome
- (from the article "building construction") Another form of steel trussed dome is the lamella dome, which is made of intersecting arches hinged together at their midpoints to form an interlocking network in a diamond pattern. ...
- lamellaphone
- African musical instrument consisting of a set of tuned metal or bamboo tongues (lamellae) of varying length attached at one end to a soundboard that often has a box or ... [3 Related Articles]
- lamellar phase
- (from the article "liquid crystal") Liquid-crystal-forming compounds are widespread and quite diverse. Soap can form a type of smectic known as a lamellar phase, also called neat soap. In this case it is important to ...
- Lamellibrachia barhami
- (from the article "beardworm") The wormlike body varies in length from several centimetres to 0.5 metre (1.64 feet), the body diameter, from 0.06 millimetre to 4 millimetres (0.002 inch to 0.16 inch). Lamellibrachia barhami ...
- lamellibranch ctenidium
- (from the article "bivalve") The modified gill is called a ctenidium, and its structure is best explained by the term lamellibranch. The lamellibranch structure may be further qualified as filibranch, pseudolamellibranch, or eulamellibranch. In ...
- Lamellisabella
- (from the article "beardworm") ...seas of the Malayan Archipelago; the second species, Lamellisabella zachsi, which came from the Okhotsk Sea, was described in 1933. In 1937 a new class called Pogonophora was established for ...
- Lamellisabella zachsi
- (from the article "beardworm") ...as a distinct phylum in the middle of the 20th century. The first species, Siboglinum weberi, described in 1914, came from the seas of the Malayan Archipelago; the second species, ...
- Lamennais, Felicite
- French priest and philosophical and political writer who attempted to combine political liberalism with Roman Catholicism after the French Revolution. A brilliant writer, he was an influential but controversial figure ... [5 Related Articles]
- lament
- a nonnarrative poem expressing deep grief or sorrow over a personal loss. The form developed as part of the oral tradition along with heroic poetry and exists in most languages. ... [1 Related Articles]
- Lament for the Destruction of Ur
- ancient Sumerian composition bewailing the collapse of the 3rd Dynasty of Ur (c. 2112-c. 2004 BC) in southern Mesopotamia. The lament, primarily composed of 11 "songs" or stanzas of unequal ... [1 Related Articles]
- Lamentations of Jeremiah, The
- Old Testament book belonging to the third section of the biblical canon, known as the Ketuvim, or Writings. In the Hebrew Bible, Lamentations stands with Ruth, the Song of Solomon, ... [2 Related Articles]
- Lamerie, Paul de
- well-known Dutch-born English silversmith. [1 Related Articles]
- Lamet languages
- (from the article "Austroasiatic languages") ...in Thailand, Laos, Vietnam, and Yunnan province in China. The members of the Palaungic branch are somewhat controversial but are generally given as Kano' (Danau, or Danaw), Mang, and sometimes ...
- Lameth, Alexandre, comte de
- (count of) French nobleman who was a leading advocate of constitutional monarchy in the early stages of the French Revolution of 1789. [2 Related Articles]
- Lami, Eugene
- (from the article "stage design") ...than imagination is the distinguishing quality of his designs. In 1832 the influence of the Romantic period was first seen in ballet with a production of La ...
- Lamia
- city of central Greece in the Sperkhios River valley at the foot of the Othris Mountains, near the Gulf of Euboea. It is the capital of the Fthiotis nomos (department) ...
- Lamia
- in Classical mythology, a female daemon who devoured children. The ancient commentaries on Aristophanes' Peace say she was a queen of Libya who was beloved by Zeus. ...
- Lamiaceae
- the mint family of flowering plants, with 236 genera and more than 7,000 species, the largest family of the order Lamiales. It is important to humans for herb plants useful ... [2 Related Articles]
- Lamiales
- mint order of flowering plants, including 23 families and more than 23,000 species. The main families in the order are Lamiaceae, Verbenaceae, Plantaginaceae, Scrophulariaceae, Orobanachaceae, Acanthaceae, Gesneriaceae, Bignoniaceae, Oleaceae, Pedaliaceae, ...
- Lamian War
- conflict in which Athenian independence was lost despite efforts by Athens and its Aetolian allies to free themselves from Macedonian domination after the death of Alexander the Great. Athenian democratic ... [3 Related Articles]
- Lamii Celebi
- (from the article "Turkish literature") ...of the Harp"), a mystical allegory by Ahmed-i Dai, and the satirical Harname ("Tale of the Donkey"), by Sinan Seyhi. A century later, Lamii Celebi of Bursa ...
- lamina
- (from the article "sedimentary rock") ...normally greater than one centimetre in thickness and visibly separable from superjacent (overlying) and subjacent (underlying) beds. "Strata" refers to two or more beds, and the term lamina is sometimes ...
- lamina
- (from the article "nervous system, human") The gray matter of the spinal cord is composed of nine distinct cellular layers, or laminae, traditionally indicated by Roman numerals. Laminae I to V, forming the dorsal horns, receive ...
- lamina
- (from the article "angiosperm") ...when present, are located on each side of the leaf base and may resemble scales, spines, glands, or leaflike structures. The petiole is a stalk that connects the blade with ...
- lamina cribrosa
- (from the article "eye, human") ...with some choroidal tissue, stretches across the opening, and the sheet thus formed is perforated to permit the passage of fasciculi (bundles of fibres) of the optic nerve. This region ...
- laminar flow
- type of fluid (gas or liquid) flow in which the fluid travels smoothly or in regular paths, in contrast to turbulent flow, in which the fluid undergoes irregular fluctuations and ... [6 Related Articles]
- laminar placentation
- (from the article "placenta") ...ovules along the central axis of the ovary; free central, derived from the axile, with a central column bearing the ovules; basal, with ovules positioned on a low column at ...
- Laminaria
- (from the article "Laminaria") genus of brown algae commonly known as kelp (q.v.).descriptionkelpLaminaria, a large brown seaweed (1 to 3 metres
- laminated glass
- (from the article "building construction") ...that are flexible and difficult to break; wire-embedded glass, which holds together when broken; tempered glass, which is very strong and breaks into tiny and relatively harmless fragments; and laminated ...
- laminated wood
- (from the article "lamination") in technology, the process of building up successive layers of a substance, such as wood or textiles, and bonding them with resin to form a finished product. Laminated board, for ...
- lamination
- in technology, the process of building up successive layers of a substance, such as wood or textiles, and bonding them with resin to form a finished product. Laminated board, for ... [5 Related Articles]
- Lamington Plateau
- section of the McPherson Range, southeastern Queensland, Australia, near the New South Wales border. With an average elevation of 2,000 feet (600 m), it occupies an area of about 75 ...
- Lamizana, Sangoule
- (from the article "Burkina Faso") Since Burkina Faso became an independent nation, the military has on several occasions intervened during times of crisis. In 1966 the military, led by Lieutenant-Colonel (later General) Sangoule Lamizana, ousted ...
- Lamlam, Mount
- (from the article "Guam") ...slopes to the east (and also, in part, to the west) are covered with younger limestones, generally similar to those of the northern limestone plateau. The island rises to 1,332 ...
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