state, incorporating Lithuania proper, Belorussia, and the western Ukraine, which became one of the most influential powers in eastern Europe (14th-16th century). Pressed by the crusading Teutonic and Livonian Knights, ... [21 Related Articles]
(from the article "Lithuania") HistoryBaltic ententeBaltic Entente mutual-defense pact signed by Lithuania, Latvia, and Estonia on Sept. 12, 1934, that laid the basis for ...
(from the article "Baltic states") The less-accessible Lithuanians, living in dense forests and swamplands, managed to withstand the foreign incursions and preserve their independence. In 1236 a chieftain, Mindaugas, united several tribes into a Lithuanian ...
(from the article "Lithuania") All Lithuanians age 18 and older are eligible to vote. During the Soviet period the Lithuanian Communist Party (Lietuvos Komunistu Partija; LKP) was the country's only political party. Its members ...
(from the article "Lithuania") Lithuania held its first post-Soviet elections in 1992. The former Communist Party, which renamed itself the Lithuanian Democratic Labour Party (LDLP), won 73 of 141 seats. Despite its victory, the ...
East Baltic language most closely related to Latvian; it is spoken primarily in Lithuania, where it has been the official language since 1918. It is the most archaic Indo-European language ... [4 Related Articles]
body of writings in the Lithuanian language. In the grand duchy of Lithuania, which stretched in the 14th and 15th centuries from the Baltic to the Black Sea, the official ...
(from the article "legal profession") The litigious function is subdivided into three main stages. First is the preparation of the case: interviewing the client and investigating the circumstances on the basis of leads provided by ...
(Graf) Russian explorer and geographer who explored the Arctic and who exerted a considerable influence on Russian science in general and geography in particular.
mixture of coloured organic compounds obtained from several species of lichen that grow in The Netherlands, particularly Lecanora tartarea and Roccella tinctorum. Litmus turns red in acidic solutions and blue ... [1 Related Articles]
(from the article "hymenopteran") ...braconids, and dryinids. In this type of reproduction, the embryo divides into several separate, identical parts at an early stage. Each of these then develops into an individual insect. In ...
(from the article "Pardubice") ...Its square is an architectural showplace, with a row of outstanding patrician houses, a 16th-century Gothic castle, and the Green Gate (Zelena brana, 1507). The Italian arcade-style Litomysl Castle was ...
any of various extinct hoofed mammals that first appeared in the Paleocene Epoch (which began about 65.5 million years ago) and died out during the Pleistocene Epoch (which ended about ...
(from the article "Caracas") ...across all of northern Venezuela to the island of Trinidad. The site of Caracas is a high rift valley within this system; hence, mountains enclose the city at all cardinal ...
(from the article "protozoan") ...subapical, with a shallow cytostomal cavity; oral kinetids may be tangential to the perimeter of the oral area; includes Coleps and Tiarina.Simple oral ciliature may have oral toxicysts; includes ...
a figure of speech, conscious understatement in which emphasis is achieved by negation; examples are the common expressions "not bad!" and "no mean feat." Litotes is a stylistic feature of ... [1 Related Articles]
(from the article "Hana Valley") ...resembling bourbon whiskey); Namest' na Hane, where the annual Hanacke Dozinky ("Hana Harvest Festival") is held; and Litovel, with a municipal museum containing Hana costumes and embroidery. Tourism is important ...
unit of volume in the metric system, equal to one cubic decimetre (0.001 cubic metre). From 1901 to 1964 the litre was defined as the volume of one kilogram of ... [3 Related Articles]
(from the article "Laurales") ...and tropical America, particularly Brazil. Some 66 percent of the species occur in only 6 genera: Ocotea has about 350 species in tropical America, South Africa, and the Mascarene Islands; ...
(from the article "Literature") ...foreign-born authors, won two of the most important literary prizes. The Prix Goncourt went to the year's one runaway literary sensation, Les Bienveillantes, written in French by the American Jonathan ...
portable bed or couch, open or enclosed, that is mounted on two poles and carried at each end on the shoulders of porters or by animals. Litters, which may have ...
(from the article "black letter") ...books. Rounder than German versions, littera moderna is characterized by rounded forms that overlap to create pointed intersections. Littera merchantile was a black-letter cursive ...
(from the article "black letter") Littera moderna was the name 15th-century humanists used for rotunda, a black letter used in medieval Italian books. Rounder than German versions,
(from the article "Pliny the Younger") ...Each has a single subject and is written in a style that mixes, in Pliny's terminology, the historical, the poetical, and the oratorical manner, to fit the theme. The composition ...
(French: "engaged literature"), literature of commitment, popularized in the immediate post-World War II era, when the French existentialists, particularly Jean-Paul Sartre, revived the idea of the artist's serious responsibility to ...
(from the article "Tana, Lake") ...covers 1,418 square miles (3,673 square km), with a surrounding drainage of 4,500 square miles (11,650 square km); its maximum depth is 45 feet (14 m). The reputed source of ...
extensive basin occupying the northwestern part of Transdanubia in northwestern Hungary, and extending into Austria and Slovakia (where it is called Podunajska Lowland). It has an area of approximately 3,000 ... [4 Related Articles]
principal American base in Antarctica, lying on the northeastern edge of Ross Ice Shelf near Kainan Bay. First set up in 1928 as the headquarters for the polar explorations of ... [1 Related Articles]
(from the article "Andaman and Nicobar Islands") ...and South Andaman, known collectively as Great Andaman, are the main islands; others include Landfall Island, Interview Island, the Sentinel Islands, Ritchie's Archipelago, and Rutland Island. Little Andaman in the ...
(from the article "anomalure") The largest of the seven species is Pel's anomalure (A. pelii), with a body 40 to 46 cm (16 to 18 inches) long and a tail of nearly the same ...
(from the article "apocalyptic literature") ...of Christ to preside over the Last Judgment and the end of the world. Early Christian apocalypticism is evident in the Gospels, which are permeated with language taken from Daniel. ...
(from the article "Ararat, Mount") ...miles (11 km) apart. Great Ararat, or Buyuk Agri Dagi, which reaches an elevation of 16,945 feet (5,165 metres) above sea level, is the highest peak in Turkey. Little Ararat, ...
kingdom established in Cilicia, on the southeast coast of Anatolia, by the Armenian Rubenid dynasty in the 12th century. The Rubenids ruled first as barons and then, from 1199 to ... [8 Related Articles]
island in the northern end of Hauraki Gulf, eastern North Island, New Zealand, lying 15 miles (24 km) across Jellicoe Channel from the mainland. Cradock Channel separates it from Great ...
(from the article "coraciiform") ...swallows dig their burrows; there seems to be no conflict between the larger bee-eaters and the smaller swallows, despite the similarity in nesting and feeding habits. In southern Africa, the ...
strait between mainland Denmark (west) and Funen and AEro islands (east). About 30 miles (48 km) long and 0.5 mile (0.8 km) wide, it is the connection between the Kattegat ... [1 Related Articles]
segment of the northern Rocky Mountains, central Montana, U.S. The Little Belts extend southward for 40 miles (64 km) from southeast of Great Falls to the Musselshell River. The range, ...
(June 25, 1876), much-discussed battle at the Little Bighorn River in Montana Territory, U.S., between federal troops led by Lieutenant Colonel George A. Custer and a band of Northern Plains ... [4 Related Articles]
(from the article "heron") The typical herons also include several species of the genus Egretta (egrets); the little blue heron, Hydranassa (or Florida) caerulea, and the Louisiana heron (H. tricolor), of the southeastern United ...
(from the article "penguin") The stocky, short-legged appearance of penguins has endeared them to people worldwide. They range from about 35 cm (14 inches) in height and approximately 1 kg (about 2 pounds) in ...
(from the article "bluestem") ...feet) tall, is the characteristic plant species of the North American tall-grass prairie. It is sometimes known as turkeyfoot, in reference to its forked flower cluster. Little bluestem (A. scoparius), ...
(from the article "nuclear weapon") A single B-29 bomber named Enola Gay flew over Hiroshima, Japan, on Monday, Aug. 6, 1945, at 8:15 AM. The untested uranium-235 gun-assembly bomb, nicknamed Little Boy, ...
(from the article "lighthouse") ...Welsh coast; Bell Rock in Scotland; South Rock in Ireland; and Minots Ledge off Boston, Massachusetts, U.S. The first lighthouse of the North American continent, built in 1716, was on ...
Roman Catholic religious congregations inspired by the example of Charles-Eugene de Foucauld, a French military officer and explorer who experienced a religious conversion in 1886, while serving in Morocco. He ...
(from the article "brown bat") The genus Myotis includes more than 80 species, among them the little brown bat (M. lucifugus) of North America and the large mouse-eared bat (M. myotis) of Europe. Members of ...
(from the article "Equestrian Sports") In the Little Brown Jug, held at the county fair in Delaware, Ohio, three-year-old pacer P-Forty-Seven faced a powerful three-horse combination from the same stable-Rocknroll Hanover, Village Jolt, and Cam's ...
(from the article "Cayman Islands") island group and overseas territory of the United Kingdom in the Caribbean Sea, comprising the islands of Grand Cayman, Little Cayman, and Cayman Brac, situated about 180 miles (290 km) ...
(from the article "Arizona") The Little Colorado River-which drains the Mogollon Rim's lee side and flows from southeast to northwest into the Colorado River between Marble Canyon and the Grand Canyon-draws and transports little ...
(from the article "crake") ...crake (P. pusilla), occurring in parts of Europe, Asia, Africa, Australia, and New Zealand; the spotless crake (P. tabuensis), ranging from Australia to the Philippines; and the little crake (P. ...
(from the article "Sioux") ...an agricultural lifestyle combined to precipitate starvation on the reservation by 1862. That year, with many settler men away fighting the Civil War, Santee warriors under the leadership of Chief ...
(from the article "Cumbraes, the") ...well farmed and has the holiday resort of Millport, with a marine biological station and museum. The collegiate church, built in 1849, became the Episcopal cathedral of Argyll and the ...
(from the article "Victoria") ...in such salt lakes as Lake Tyrrell. Lack of water and wind-erosion hazards in the extreme northwest of the state and in the Big Desert make conditions too difficult for ...
(from the article "cerebral palsy") ...one side of the body (hemiplegia) or on both sides (diplegia). In spastic diplegia, spastic contractions and paralysis are usually more prominent in the lower extremities than in the arms ...
(from the article "Domesday Book") ...record of all the counties surveyed except Essex, Norfolk, and Suffolk. For these three counties the full, unabbreviated return sent in to Winchester by the commissioners is preserved in volume ...
(from the article "egret") The little egret (E. garzetta), of the Old World, about 55 cm long, is white with firm plumes on the head and lacy plumes on the back.
(from the article "burlesque show") ...the comedians who served their apprenticeship before the rowdy burlesque audiences. The addition of striptease dancing, the illogical conclusion of a process that had begun with the belly dancing of ...
(from the article "lousewort") ...found throughout the Northern Hemisphere but especially on the mountains of Central and eastern Asia. Louseworts have bilaterally symmetrical flowers, sometimes highly irregular. For example, the little elephant (P. groenlandica) ...
(from the article "Equatorial Guinea") ...Guinea is a roughly rectangular territory bounded by Cameroon to the north and Gabon to the east and south. Near the continental coast are the small islands of Corisco and ...
mutual defense arrangement among Czechoslovakia, Yugoslavia, and Romania during the period between World Wars I and II. Based on several treaties (1920-21), it was directed against German and Hungarian domination ... [8 Related Articles]
American pop singer (b. June 29, 1943, Belhaven, N.C.-d. April 10, 2003, Kinston, N.C.), achieved timeless popularity in 1962 with her recording of "The Loco-Motion." Little Eva, who was working ...
city, seat (1856) of Morrison county, central Minnesota, U.S. It lies on the Mississippi River, in an agricultural and lake area, about 30 miles (50 km) north of St. Cloud. ...
(from the article "Stieglitz, Alfred") Late in 1905, with the encouragement of his young protege Steichen, Stieglitz opened the Little Galleries of the Photo-Secession, a name soon shortened to 291, the gallery's address on lower ...
(from the article "tree frog") ...across Asia and into Japan, the gray tree frog (H. versicolor), the green frog (H. cinerea), and the Pacific tree frog (H. regilla). The smallest is the little grass frog ...
(from the article "gull") ...often on fresh waters far inland. It is the only gull that breeds both in the Caribbean area and in the North Atlantic Ocean. With a wingspread of about 60 ...
(from the article "flight, history of") ...of fuel and air was compressed to burn through nozzles at the blade tips for vertical takeoffs and landings. A conventional piston engine was used for horizontal flight. In 1947 ...
(from the article "honeybee") ...the domestic honeybee. This species is also called the European domestic bee, or the western honeybee (see photograph). All other Apis species are confined to Asia. A. florea, the little ...
(from the article "Kazakhstan") ...These were, from east to west, the Great Horde, in present-day southeastern Kazakhstan north of the Tien Shan; the Middle Horde, in the central steppe region east of the Aral ...
(from the article "Ara") ...northeastern India. The city is a major rail and road junction. Agricultural trade and oilseed milling are carried on there. It is the site of several colleges affiliated with Magadh ...
(from the article "Mount Vernon") The estate, originally called Little Hunting Creek Plantation, consisted of about 5,000 acres (2,000 hectares). It descended by inheritance from John Washington, the first of the family in America, to ...
(from the article "Europe, history of") Given man's dependence on nature, the deterioration of the climate during the Little Ice Age of the 17th century should be considered as a demographic factor. The absence of sunspots ...
(from the article "Atlas Mountains") With increased altitude the temperature drops rapidly; despite the proximity of the sea, the coastal massifs are cold regions. At 6,575 feet the summits of Mount Babor in the Little ...
intermontane plateau basin in Western Cape province, South Africa, lying between the east-west oriented Groot-Swart Mountains (north), the Lange Mountains (southwest), and the Outeniqua Mountains (southeast), with the discontinuous Kammanassie ...
international baseball organization for children and teenagers, started in 1939 in Williamsport, Pennsylvania, by Carl E. Stotz and brothers Bert and George Bebble. The league originally included boys age 8 ... [3 Related Articles]
(from the article "Lycoming") ...name was derived from a Delaware Indian word meaning "gravelly or sandy creek." Williamsport, the county seat, was a major centre for lumbering in the 1860s. The city is the ...
any of various small periodicals devoted to serious literary writings, usually avant-garde and noncommercial. They were published from about 1880 through much of the 20th century and flourished in the ... [2 Related Articles]
(from the article "fortification") ...facing the Soviet Union, the Mannerheim Line (named after a Finnish marshal and statesman); the Soviets built the Stalin Line facing Poland; the Czechoslovaks constructed what became known as the ...
(from the article "Great Malvern") ...slopes of the Malvern Hills but has since grown to incorporate them. Malvern Chase, a medieval administrative entity, was granted to the earl of Gloucester by Edward I (reigned 1272-1307). ...
(from the article "Copenhagen") ...astronomer Tycho Brahe. Other popular sites are the Tivoli amusement park and the Ny Carlsberg Glyptotek, with a fine collection of traditional and modern art. Located at Langelinie Pier is ...
(from the article "Minch, The") ...Outer Hebrides island group on the west and the mainland of Scotland on the east. The channel varies in width between 25 and 45 miles (40 and 70 km) and ...
(from the article "Ob River") ...of the river and dotted with lakes. Below Peregrebnoye the river divides itself into two main channels: the Great (Bolshaya) Ob, which receives the Kazym and Kunovat rivers from the ...
(from the article "Little Octobrist") member of a Communist organization for children aged nine and under, closely associated with the Komsomol (q.v.) for youth aged 14 to 28.association with Komsomol
(from the article "puppetry") ...the crinolined lady, who turned into a balloon; the Scaramouch, with three heads; and a host of jugglers and acrobats. The last of the great touring marionette theatres in this ...
(from the article "Oratorian") ...in 1942. It consists of independent communities of secular priests held under obedience but not bound by vows, and it is dedicated to prayer, preaching, and the sacraments. Associated with ...
American newspaper comic strip that follows the adventures of a plucky street urchin. Little Orphan Annie enjoyed an extraordinarily long life in newspapers, on stage, and on film. [1 Related Articles]
(Athene noctua), brownish bird about 20 centimetres (about 8 inches) long, belonging to the family Strigidae (order Strigiformes). Little owls occur in Europe, central Asia, and northern Africa and have ... [1 Related Articles]
(from the article "Poland, Partitions of") ...of Royal Prussia, excluding the cities of Gdansk (Danzig) and Torun, and also gained the northern portion of the region of Great Poland (Wielkopolska). Austria acquired the regions of Little ...
highland area, southern Poland, having an area of 10,000 square miles (25,000 sq km). Located south of the Polish Lowlands, it embraces the territory from the Krakow-Czestochowa scarplands (Polish Jura) ... [1 Related Articles]
(from the article "Polish language") ...has nasalized vowels (spelled e and a), indirectly continuing the nasalized vowels of early Slavic. Among the major dialects are Great Polish and Pomeranian, Silesian, Little Polish, and Mazovian. Kashubian ...
(from the article "Irwin, Elisabeth Antoinette") ...association as a psychologist, Irwin in 1916 initiated a program of testing and grading according to mental ability. Her next and perhaps best-known innovation was an experiment dubbed the "Little ...
flamboyant American singer and pianist whose hit songs of the mid-1950s were defining moments in the development of rock and roll. [3 Related Articles]
city, capital of Arkansas, U.S. It is the seat of Pulaski county, on the Arkansas River in the foothills of the Ouachita Mountains in the central part of the state. ... [6 Related Articles]
pass (7,178 ft [2,188 m]) situated just southwest of the Italian border in Savoie departement of southeastern France; it lies between the Mont Blanc Massif (north) and the Graian Alps ...
(from the article "education") More famous than the schools of the Oratorians, though enjoying a briefer career, were the Little Schools of Port-Royal. Their founder was Jean Duvergier de Haurame, better known as the ...
(from the article "Big Science") ...a centre for radar research at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). Weinberg was not only describing a new form of scientific research; his concept was an expression of nostalgia ...
(from the article "kiwi") ...the tokoeka kiwi (A. australis), which includes the Haast tokoeka, Stewart Island tokoeka, Southern Fiordland tokoeka, and the Northern Fiordland tokoeka; the little spotted kiwi (
river rising in the Blue Ridge Mountains of northeastern Georgia, U.S., and flowing about 150 mi (240 km) north and northwest, through southwestern North Carolina and across Tennessee to the ...
movement in U.S. theatre to free dramatic forms and methods of production from the limitations of the large commercial theatres by establishing small experimental centres of drama. [4 Related Articles]
(from the article "puppetry") ...artists, and the delicacy of the silhouettes was matched by especially composed music and a spoken commentary. Another type of puppet was introduced to Paris in 1888 when Henri Signoret ...
(from the article "Trinidad and Tobago") ...lies 20 miles (30 km) to the northeast of Trinidad. Extending diagonally from southwest to northeast, Tobago is about 30 miles (50 km) long and more than 10 miles (16 ...
(from the article "clown") The clown figure in motion pictures culminated in the immortal "little tramp" character of Charlie Chaplin, with his ill-fitting clothes, flat-footed walk, and winsome mannerisms.
