| | - Lewis and Clark National Historic Trail
- (from the article "Lewis and Clark Expedition") ...it. St. Louis hosted the 1904 World's Fair during the expedition's centennial, and Portland, Ore., sponsored the 1905 Lewis and Clark Exposition. In 1978 Congress established the 3,700-mi (6,000-km) Lewis ...
- Lewis and Harris
- largest and most northerly of Scotland's Outer Hebrides islands, lying 24 miles (39 km) from the west coast of the Scottish mainland and separated from it by the Minch channel. ... [1 Related Articles]
- Lewis and Harris
- largest and most northerly of Scotland's Outer Hebrides islands, lying 24 miles (39 km) from the west coast of the Scottish mainland and separated from it by the Minch channel. ... [1 Related Articles]
- Lewis base
- (from the article "chromatography") ...electron-pair-accepting hydrogen atoms, and (5) acid-base interactions in the Lewis acid-base sense-i.e., the affinity of electron-accepting species (Lewis acids) to electron donors (Lewis bases). The interplay of these forces and ...
- Lewis Glacier
- (from the article "Kenya, Mount") ...of the crystalline nepheline syenite that plugged the former vent. Radiating from the central peaks are ridges separated by seven principal valleys. Several small, retreating glaciers, of which Lewis and ...
- Lewis Glyn Cothi
- Welsh bard whose work reflects an awakening of national consciousness among the Welsh. [1 Related Articles]
- Lewis machine gun
- (from the article "small arm") ...for defensive roles but were not really portable. A number of lighter machine guns (frequently called machine rifles or automatic rifles) began to be used in 1915. These included the ...
- Lewis Range
- segment of the northern Rockies, extending south-southeastward for 160 miles (260 km) from the Alberta, Can., border, near Waterton Lake, to the Blackfoot River in northwestern Montana, U.S. Many peaks ...
- Lewis structure
- (from the article "chemical bonding") ...electron removal or addition, only the electrons in valence shells play a significant role in the formation of bonds between atoms. Henceforth this article will concentrate on these electrons alone. ...
- Lewis theory
- generalization concerning acids and bases introduced in 1923 by the U.S. chemist Gilbert N. Lewis, in which an acid is regarded as any compound which, in a chemical reaction, is ... [5 Related Articles]
- Lewis University
- private, coeducational university in Romeoville, Illinois, U.S., 30 miles (50 km) southwest of Chicago. Lewis University is operated by the Christian Brothers, a teaching order of the Roman Catholic Church. ...
- Lewis, A. H.
- (from the article "western") Western short stories have also been among America's favourites. A.H. Lewis (c. 1858-1914), a former cowboy, produced a series of popular stories told by the "Old Cattleman." Stephen Crane created ...
- Lewis, Al
- American actor (b. April 30, 1923, New York, N.Y.-d. Feb. 3, 2006, New York City), was most noted for his role as Grandpa, a 378-year-old vampire, on the television sitcom ...
- Lewis, Alun
- at his early death one of the most promising Welsh poets, who described his experiences as an enlisted man and then an officer during World War II. [1 Related Articles]
- Lewis, C.I.
- American logician, epistemologist, and moral philosopher. [4 Related Articles]
- Lewis, C.S.
- British scholar, novelist, and author of about 40 books, most of them on Christian apologetics, the most widely known being The Screwtape Letters. He also achieved fame with a trilogy ... [1 Related Articles]
- Lewis, Carl
- American track-and-field athlete, who won nine Olympic gold medals during the 1980s and '90s. [2 Related Articles]
- Lewis, Cecil
- (from the article "1938: Other Winners") Screenplay: George Bernard Shaw; adaptation by Ian Dalrymple, Cecil Lewis, W.P. Lipscomb for PygmalionOriginal Story: Eleanore Griffin and Dore Schary for Boys TownCinematography: Joseph Ruttenberg for The Great WaltzArt Direction:...
- Lewis, David Kellogg
- American philosopher who, at the time of his death, was considered by many to be the leading figure in Anglo-American philosophy (see analytic philosophy). [3 Related Articles]
- Lewis, Dio
- (from the article "physical culture") ...in Hartford, Connecticut, and later at others in Ohio, Illinois, Wisconsin, and Iowa, Beecher taught the "movement cure" (calisthenics) and fresh-air living. Later reformers, such as Dio Lewis, a Boston ...
- Lewis, Edmonia
- American sculptor whose Neoclassical works exploring religious and classical themes won contemporary praise and received renewed interest in the late 20th century.
- Lewis, Edna Regina
- American author and chef (b. April 13, 1916, Freetown, Va.-d. Feb. 13, 2006, Decatur, Ga.), was renowned for her traditional Southern recipes, which she collected in The Taste of Country ...
- Lewis, Edrice
- (from the article "Saint Kitts and Nevis, flag of") ...September 18-19, 1983, when the federation received its independence from Britain, the renamed Saint Kitts and Nevis hoisted a new national flag, which it continues to use. Designed by Edrice ...
- Lewis, Edward B.
- American developmental geneticist who, along with geneticists Christiane Nusslein-Volhard and Eric F. Wieschaus, was awarded the 1995 Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine for discovering the functions that control early ... [3 Related Articles]
- Lewis, Flora
- American journalist (b. July 29, 1922, Los Angeles, Calif.-d. June 2, 2002, Paris, France), was a top-notch reporter and columnist who specialized in international affairs. From 1945 she lived mostly ...
- Lewis, Floyd John
- (from the article "medicine, history of") ...were done "blind." The surgeon's dream was to stop the heart so that he could see what he was doing and be allowed more time in which to do it. ...
- Lewis, Gilbert N.
- American physical chemist best known for his contributions to chemical thermodynamics, the electron-pair model of the covalent bond, the electronic theory of acids and bases, the separation and study of ... [8 Related Articles]
- Lewis, H. Spencer
- (from the article "Rosicrucian") The two most successful modern Rosicrucian organizations were established in the 20th century. The Ancient Mystical Order Roase Crucis (AMORC) was founded in New York City in 1915 by H. ...
- Lewis, Henry
- (from the article "Hudson River school") For some painters whose theme was untouched landscape, the northeast was less alluring than the more primitive and dramatic landscapes of the west. John Banvard and Henry Lewis painted huge ...
- Lewis, Henry Jay
- U.S. orchestra conductor who was the first African-American conductor and music director of a major American orchestra and the first black to conduct at the Metropolitan Opera in New York ...
- Lewis, Hywel David
- (from the article "religious experience") ...having an ultimate concern or experiencing the unconditional character of moral obligation, that become intelligible only when understood as the presence of the holy in experience. Others, such as H.D. ...
- Lewis, Isaac Newton
- U.S. Army officer and inventor best known for the Lewis machine gun, widely used in World War I and later.
- Lewis, Janet
- American writer and poet who produced short stories, children's books, such novels as The Wife of Martin Guerre (1941) and the libretto of the opera based on it (1956), and ...
- Lewis, Jerry
- American comedian whose unrestrained comic style made him one of the most popular performers of the 1950s and '60s. [1 Related Articles]
- Lewis, Jerry Lee
- American singer and pianist whose virtuosity, ecstatic performances, and colourful personality made him a legendary rock music pioneer.
- Lewis, John
- American jazz pianist and composer-arranger who was an influential member of the Modern Jazz Quartet, one of the longest-lived and best-received groups in jazz history. [3 Related Articles]
- Lewis, John L.
- American labour leader who was president of the United Mine Workers of America (1920-60) and chief founder and first president of the Congress of Industrial Organizations (CIO; 1936-40). [4 Related Articles]
- Lewis, Lennox
- first British boxer to hold the undisputed heavyweight world championship since Bob Fitzsimmons held the title in 1899. [4 Related Articles]
- Lewis, Matthew Gregory
- English novelist and dramatist who became famous overnight after the sensational success of his Gothic novel The Monk (1796). Thereafter he was known as "Monk" Lewis. [2 Related Articles]
- Lewis, Meade
- American musician, one of the leading exponents of boogie-woogie. [2 Related Articles]
- Lewis, Meriwether
- American explorer, who with William Clark led the Lewis and Clark Expedition through the uncharted American interior to the Pacific Northwest in 1804-06. He later served as governor of Upper ... [3 Related Articles]
- Lewis, Monty
- (from the article "Rodeo") ...bareback riding Kelly Timberman of Mills, Wyo., placed in 8 of 10 rounds at the NFR to handily win both the finals championship and the world title, with record earnings ...
- Lewis, R W B
- American literary critic (b. Nov. 1, 1917, Chicago, Ill.-d. June 13, 2002, Bethany, Conn.), helped originate the field of American studies and over his nearly half-century-long career as a scholar ...
- Lewis, Ray Anthony
- A year that began with two weeks in jail on a charge of murder ended in triumph for Baltimore Ravens middle linebacker Ray Lewis, who on Jan. 28, 2001, led ...
- Lewis, Reginald F.
- U.S. lawyer and financier (b. Dec. 7, 1942, Baltimore, Md.--d. Jan. 19, 1993, New York, N.Y.), was a partner (1970-73) in Murphy, Thorpe & Lewis, the first black law firm ...
- Lewis, Robert
- American actor, drama teacher, and theatre director who cofounded, directed, and performed in the 1930s with the Group Theatre in such plays as Waiting for Lefty and Golden Boy before ...
- Lewis, Rudy
- (from the article "Drifters, the") ...Charlie Thomas, Elsbeary Hobbs, Rudy Lewis, and Moore.
- Lewis, Samuel
- (from the article "folk dance") The Dances of Universal Peace were developed by Samuel Lewis from California, who was a Sufi and Zen master. He had been a student of modern dance pioneer Ruth St. ...
- Lewis, Shari
- American puppeteer and author (b. Jan. 17, 1933, New York, N.Y--d. Aug. 2, 1998, Los Angeles, Calif.), entertained children for some 40 years as the creator and voice of a ...
- Lewis, Sinclair
- American novelist and social critic who punctured American complacency with his broadly drawn, widely popular satirical novels. He won the Nobel Prize for Literature in 1930, the first given to ... [2 Related Articles]
- Lewis, Sir Arthur
- British economist who shared (with Theodore W. Schultz, an American) the 1979 Nobel Prize for Economics for his studies of economic development and his construction of an innovative model relating ...
- Lewis, Stephen
- (from the article "Health and Disease") ...in resource-poor settings are enormous, as we expected them to be. But every day demonstrates that this type of care can and must be provided." The UN special envoy for ...
- Lewis, Ted "Kid"
- (from the article "fascism") ...for the "mortal vices" of France on Jews and Freemasons. Although British fascism was not anti-Semitic at the outset-Mosley's Blackshirts were trained by the British boxer Ted ("Kid") Lewis, who ...
- Lewis, Terry
- (from the article "Jam and Lewis") Jam and Lewis's emergence as major record producers was kick-started by Prince's pique. Keyboard player Jimmy Jam (James Harris III) and bassist Terry Lewis played together in local Minneapolis bands ...
- Lewis, Walter
- (from the article "typography") In 1925 Morison was made typographic adviser to the Cambridge University Press, whose printer, Walter Lewis, had begun a complete reform of its typographic resources. Cambridge stocked most of the ...
- Lewis, Wyndham
- English artist and writer who founded the Vorticist movement, which sought to relate art and literature to the industrial process. [4 Related Articles]
- Lewisburg
- city, seat (1778) of Greenbrier county, southeastern West Virginia, U.S. It is located near the Greenbrier River and the Greenbrier State Forest, west of White Sulphur Springs (home of the ...
- Lewisham
- inner borough of London. Most of Lewisham belongs to the historic county of Kent, although a small area in the northwest historically belongs to Surrey. It adjoins the boroughs of ...
- Lewisia
- (from the article "Caryophyllales") In Portulacaceae (purslane family), Lewisia rediviva (bitterroot) is a native of North America; it develops a thick, starchy edible root and is often grown as an ornamental in rock gardens. ...
- Lewisian Complex
- major division of Precambrian rocks in northwestern Scotland (the Precambrian began with the formation of the Earth's crust about 3.8 billion years ago and ended 540 million years ago). In ... [2 Related Articles]
- lewisite
- in chemical warfare, poison blister gas developed by the United States for use during World War I. Chemically, the substance is dichloro(2-chlorovinyl)arsine, a liquid whose vapour is highly toxic when ... [2 Related Articles]
- Lewiston
- city, seat (1861) of Nez Perce county, northwestern Idaho, U.S., just south of Moscow and adjacent to Clarkston, Washington, at the confluence of the Snake and Clearwater rivers. Established as ... [1 Related Articles]
- Lewiston
- city, Androscoggin county, southwestern Maine, U.S., on the Androscoggin River opposite Auburn, 34 miles (55 km) north-northeast of Portland. In 1770 Paul Hildreth of Dracut, Massachusetts, settled the site of ... [1 Related Articles]
- Lewiston-Auburn College
- (from the article "Maine, University of") The University of Southern Maine (1878) is located in Gorham and Portland and includes the Lewiston-Auburn College. It offers associate, bachelor's, and graduate and professional degree programs. Facilities in Gorham ...
- Lewistown
- city, seat (1899) of Fergus county, central Montana, U.S. Situated on Big Spring Creek in the dead centre of the state, Lewistown began in 1873 as a trading post on ...
- Lewistown
- borough (town), seat (1789) of Mifflin county, south-central Pennsylvania, U.S., on the Juniata River, 45 miles (72 km) northwest of Harrisburg. Opened for settlement (1754) by a treaty with the ... [1 Related Articles]
- LeWitt, Sol
- American artist whose work provides a link between minimalism and conceptual art. [1 Related Articles]
- Lewitzky, Bella
- American dancer and choreographer (b. Jan. 13, 1916, Los Angeles, Calif.-d. July 16, 2004, Pasadena, Calif.), began her performing career with Lester Horton's company before forming (1966) the Bella Lewitzky ... [1 Related Articles]
- lex
- (from the article "Roman law") There were various types of written law, the first of which consisted of leges (singular lex), or enactments of one of the assemblies of the whole Roman people. Although the ...
- Lex Acilia Repetundarum
- (from the article "epigraphy") ...tablet found in 1640 in Bruttium (the "toe" of Italy) and now in Vienna, is a consular edict on Senate authority, regulating Dionysiac outbursts in Italy in 186 BC; pieces ...
- lex aeterna
- (from the article "law, philosophy of") ...of philosophy, which became active toward the end of the 4th century BC. The Stoics posited the existence of a natural law, the jus naturale, which was ...
- Lex Alemannorum
- (from the article "Swabia") ...AD 500; later in the 6th century, the Franks established a duchy in Alemannia to control the region, which gained autonomy under the later Merovingians but lost it under the ...
- Lex Aquila
- (from the article "delict") The provisions of the Twelve Tables concerning damnum injuria datum (property loss) are not known, but in any case they were superseded by the Lex Aquila in the early 3rd ...
- Lex Burgundionum
- (from the article "Gundobad") ...the orthodox clergy, as with the Romans in general over whom he ruled. The most important act of Gundobad's reign in Burgundy was his promulgation, early in the 6th century, ...
- Lex Canuleia
- (from the article "plebeian") ...during the 5th and 4th centuries BC. Plebeians were originally excluded from the Senate and from all public offices except that of military tribune. Before the passage of the law ...
- Lex Claudia
- (from the article "Flaminius, Gaius") ...travel there and protect against invasions, and perhaps to make it easier for citizens to return to Rome for elections. The senatorial tradition reports that he was the only senator ...
- Lex Cornelia de Majestates
- (from the article "Sulla, Lucius Cornelius") ...Senate in the Roman state, and his administrative reforms did indeed survive to the end of the republic. Of value were the increase of the number of courts for criminal ...
- Lex Cornelia de Viginti Quaestoribus
- (from the article "epigraphy") ...bronze tablet found in 1790 (now in Naples), with a Latin-language text on one side and the longest known Oscan inscription on the other, both datable to the late 2nd ...
- Lex de Imperio Vespasiani
- (from the article "ancient Rome") On Dec. 22, 69, the Senate conferred all the imperial powers upon Vespasian en bloc with the famous Lex de Imperio Vespasiani ("Law Regulating Vespasian's authority"), and ...
- lex fori
- (from the article "conflict of laws") ...parties, foreign transactions, or a number of foreign elements. In a simple world, the court would always apply its own law, the law of the forum (known in Latin as ...
- Lex Hortensia
- (from the article "Roman law") ...classes, or patricians, dominated these assemblies, the common people, or plebeians, had their own council in which they enacted resolutions called plebiscita. Only after the passage of the Lex Hortensia ...
- Lex Julia Municipalis
- (from the article "epigraphy") ...inscription on the other, both datable to the late 2nd century BC; parts of the Lex Cornelia de Viginti Quaestoribus (81 BC) are preserved on a large bronze tablet found ...
- Lex Krupp
- (from the article "Krupp AG") ...policy of military conquest switched the Krupp combine back to armament products. During World War II the aged Gustav was succeeded by his eldest son, Alfried von Bohlen und Halbach, ...
- Lex Licinia Mucia
- (from the article "Scaevola, Quintus Mucius") As consul in 95 Scaevola and his colleague obtained the passage of the Lex Licinia Mucia, which removed certain groups not amalgamated into the Roman Republic (the so-called Latin and ...
- Lex Luthor
- cartoon character, an evil genius of the fictional city of Metropolis, who is a scientist and business mogul and the archnemesis of Superman.
- Lex Oppia
- (from the article "dress") For thousands of years governments have tried to control spending by employing sumptuary laws. The first such law under the Roman Republic, the Lex Oppia, was enacted in 215 BCE; ...
- Lex Orchia
- (from the article "ancient Rome") ...were allowed to wear; in 195, after the crisis, the law was repealed despite Cato's protests. Later sumptuary laws were motivated not by military crisis but by a sense of ...
- lex provinciae
- (from the article "province") Under the republic (c. 509-31 BC), when each province was formed, the Senate drew up a special charter, or lex provinciae (provincial law), based on the report of the general ...
- Lex Regia
- (from the article "Italy") ...of Classical history and an interpreter of ancient inscriptions, intoxicated by the past splendours of Rome, he preached to his fellow citizens the recovery of its former greatness. Inspired by ...
- Lex Romana Burgundionum
- (from the article "Germanic law") ...Roman law in the Frankish kingdom. Only in the 7th century was Visigothic law applied to Visigoths and Romans alike, the two peoples by then having substantially fused. The Lex ...
- Lex Romana Visigothorum
- (from the article "France") ...Salic Law of Clovis, c. 507-511; Law of Gundobad, c. 501-515), and occasionally had summaries of Roman rights drawn up for the Gallo-Roman population (Papian Code of Gundobad; Breviary of ...
- lex Villia annalis
- (from the article "ancient Rome") ...30. Such cases prompted laws to regulate the senatorial cursus: iteration in the same magistracy was prohibited, the praetorship was made a prerequisite for the consulship, and in 180 the ...
- Lex Voconia
- (from the article "ancient Rome") ...banquets; the Fannian law (161) strengthened the Orchian provisions, and the Didian law (143) extended the limits to all Italy. A similar sense of the dangers of wealth may also ...
- Lexcen, Ben
- Australian yachtsman and marine architect who designed Australia II, the first non-American yacht to win (1983) the prestigious America's Cup in the 132-year history of the race.
- lexeme
- (from the article "linguistics") ...still less of a single syllable. Nor will the word as a grammatical unit necessarily coincide with the phonological word. Similarly, the units of lexical analysis, sometimes referred to as ...
- lexical learning hypothesis
- (from the article "creole languages") ...developed according to universals of language development. According to the version of this hypothesis called the language bioprogram hypothesis, which was later revised and became known as the lexical learning ...
- lexicography
- (from the article "dictionary") The compilation of a dictionary is lexicography; lexicology is a branch of linguistics in which, with the utmost scientific rigour, the theories that lexicographers use in the solution of their ...
- lexicostatistics
- (from the article "Austronesian languages") Lexicostatistics, a controversial method for studying word replacement in relation to subgrouping, often distinguishes a subset of terms called "basic vocabulary." Lists of basic vocabulary words typically include those for ...
- Lexington
- city, seat (1823) of Lafayette county, west-central Missouri, U.S., on the Missouri River (there bridged to Henrietta), 35 miles (56 km) east of Kansas City. The site, around William Jack's ...
- Lexington
- town (township), Middlesex county, eastern Massachusetts, U.S., 11 miles (18 km) northwest of Boston. Settled in 1640 and later organized as the parish of Cambridge Farms, it became an independent ...
- Lexington
- city, coextensive with Fayette county, north-central Kentucky, U.S., the focus of the Bluegrass region and a major centre for horse breeding. Named in 1775 for the Battle of Lexington, Massachusetts, ...
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