| | - LCT Mk4
- (from the article "landing craft") ...(LCT), initially to conduct amphibious raids. Eight different models of this vessel were produced, the Mk4 being the most commonly used. A total of 1,435 were mass-produced in the United ...
- LCT(R)
- (from the article "landing craft") ...United States developed and deployed a number of specialized craft. In these cases additional letters were typically added to the standard abbreviations to designate the special task. For example, LCT(R) ...
- Le Bayon, Abbe J.
- (from the article "Celtic literature") Most playwrights were concerned to teach moral and religious lessons, such as Toussaint Le Garrec and Abbe J. Le Bayon, who revived several great mystery plays-Nicolazig, Boeh er goed ("The ...
- Le Bel, Joseph-Achille
- French chemist whose explanation of why some organic compounds rotate the plane of polarized light helped to advance stereochemistry. [2 Related Articles]
- Le Blon, Jakob Christof
- German-born painter and engraver who was the first to make use of several metal plates (each for an individual colour) for making prints with continuous gradations of colour. His colour ... [1 Related Articles]
- Le Blond, Alexandre-Jean-Baptiste
- French landscape designer who designed the gardens for the palace of Peter I the Great, at Peterhof (since 1944 Petrodvorets), Russia.
- Le Bon, Gustave
- French social psychologist best known for his study of the psychological characteristics of crowds. [3 Related Articles]
- Le Bossu, Rene
- (from the article "tragedy") ...concern was exploratory and inductive. The moral concern of the heroic play is the reverse. It is deductive and dogmatic. The first rule, writes Dryden (following the contemporary French critic, ...
- Le Bourget Airport
- (from the article "airport") ...such as the Douglas DC-3, during the late 1930s that extensive takeoff and landing distances were needed. Even then, the prewar airfields at New York City (La Guardia), London (Croydon), ...
- Le Braz, Anatole
- (from the article "Celtic literature") ...Breton writing and stimulated Luzel to collect authentic folk songs and publish Gwerziou Breiz-Izel (2 vol., 1868-74; "Ballads of Lower Brittany") and, in collaboration with Anatole Le Braz, Soniou Breiz-Izel ...
- Le Breton, Andre
- (from the article "Diderot, Denis") In 1745 the publisher Andre Le Breton approached Diderot with a view to bringing out a French translation of Ephraim Chambers' Cyclopaedia, after two other translators had withdrawn from the ...
- Le Brun, Charles
- painter and designer who became the arbiter of artistic production in France during the last half of the 17th century. Possessing both technical facility and the capacity to organize and ... [14 Related Articles]
- le Carre, John
- English writer of suspenseful, realistic spy novels based on a wide knowledge of international espionage. [1 Related Articles]
- Le Chapelier, Jean
- also called Isaac Le Chapelier French Revolutionary leader who in 1791 introduced in the National Assembly the Loi ("Law") Le Chapelier, which made any association of workers or of employers ...
- Le Chapelier, Loi
- (from the article "France") ...dismantled internal tariffs and chartered trading monopolies and abolished the guilds of merchants and artisans. Insisting that workers must bargain in the economic marketplace as individuals, the Le Chapelier Law ...
- Le Chatelier's principle
- (from the article "Le Chatelier, Henry-Louis") French chemist who is best known for Le Chatelier's principle, which makes it possible to predict the effect a change of conditions (such as temperature, pressure, or concentration of reaction ...
- Le Chatelier, Henry-Louis
- French chemist who is best known for Le Chatelier's principle, which makes it possible to predict the effect a change of conditions (such as temperature, pressure, or concentration of reaction ...
- Le Clezio, Jean-Marie Gustave
- French author known for his richly poetic language and his ability to write across cultural divides. He received the Nobel Prize for Literature in 2008. [2 Related Articles]
- Le Creusot
- industrial town, Saone-et-Loire departement, Burgundy region, east-central France. It is located about 40 miles (65 km) southwest of Dijon. In 1782 a foundry and blast furnaces, using coal instead of ...
- Le Dang Doanh
- (from the article "Vietnam") ...debate over policy matters and political leadership. Following the 11th plenum, the Politburo held three off-the-record meetings to hear the opinions of various focus groups. At one such meeting, Le ...
- Le Duan
- Vietnamese communist politician. [2 Related Articles]
- Le Duc Tho
- Vietnamese politician and corecipient in 1973 (with Henry Kissinger) of the Nobel Prize for Peace, which he declined. [3 Related Articles]
- Le Fanu, Sheridan
- Irish writer of ghost stories and mystery novels, celebrated for his ability to evoke the ominous atmosphere of a haunted house. [2 Related Articles]
- Le Gallienne, Eva
- actress, director, and producer, one of the outstanding figures of the 20th-century American stage.
- Le Garrec, Toussaint
- (from the article "Celtic literature") Most playwrights were concerned to teach moral and religious lessons, such as Toussaint Le Garrec and Abbe J. Le Bayon, who revived several great mystery plays-Nicolazig, Boeh er goed ("The ...
- Le Goff, Jacques
- (from the article "purgatory") According to the French historian Jacques Le Goff, the conception of purgatory as a physical place dates to the 12th century, the heyday of medieval otherworld-journey narratives and of pilgrims' ...
- Le Goulet, Treaty of
- (from the article "John") ...John was invested as duke of Normandy and in May crowned king of England. Arthur, backed by Philip II, was recognized as Richard's successor in Anjou and Maine, and it ...
- Le Grand, Antoine
- (from the article "Cartesianism") Cartesianism was criticized in England by the Platonist philosopher Henry More (1614-87) and was popularized by Antoine Le Grand (1629-99), a French Franciscan, who wrote an exposition of the Cartesians' ...
- Le Gray, Gustave
- French artist noted for his promotion and aesthetic handling of the paper negative in France.
- Le Guillou, M.-J.
- (from the article "Roman Catholicism") In 1965 the Roman Catholic theologian Marie-Joseph Le Guillou defined the church in these terms:The Church is recognized as a society of fellowship with God, the sacrament of salvation, the ...
- Le Guin, Ursula K.
- American writer best known for tales of science fiction and fantasy imbued with concern for character development and language. [1 Related Articles]
- Le Havre
- seaport and city, Seine-Maritime departement, Haute-Normandie region, northwestern France. It is on the English Channel coast and on the right bank of the Seine estuary, 134 miles (216 km) west-northwest ... [3 Related Articles]
- Le Hoan
- (from the article "Later Le Dynasty") (1428-1788), the greatest and longest lasting dynasty of traditional Vietnam. Its predecessor, the Earlier Le, was founded by Le Hoan and lasted from 980 to 1009.
- Le Jeune, Claude
- French composer known for his psalm settings and for his musique mesuree, a style reflecting the long and short syllables of classical prosody. [2 Related Articles]
- Le Loi
- Vietnamese general and emperor who won back independence for Vietnam from China in 1428, founded the Later Le dynasty, and became the most honoured Vietnamese hero of the medieval period. [2 Related Articles]
- Le Macon, Robert
- chancellor of France, a leading adviser of Charles VII of France, and a supporter of Joan of Arc.
- Le Mai
- Vietnamese politician who held numerous diplomatic posts, including deputy foreign minister, and was instrumental in improving relations with the U.S. following the Vietnam War (b. 1940--d. June 12, 1996).
- Le Maire, Jakob
- (from the article "Schouten, Willem") The Dutch East India Company held a monopoly on all East Indies trade by ships routed through the Strait of Magellan when, in 1615, an Amsterdam merchant, Isaac Le Maire, ...
- Le Maistre de Sacy, Isaac-Louis
- (from the article "Le Maistre de Sacy, Isaac-Louis") important figure in the Jansenist religious movement in France, a member of the Arnauld family (q.v.).association with Arnauld familyArnauld FamilyAntoine ...
- Le Maistre, Antoine
- (from the article "Le Maistre, Antoine") important figure in the Jansenist religious movement in France, a member of the Arnauld family (q.v.).association with Arnauld familyArnauld Family...eventually ...
- Le Mans
- city, capital of Sarthe departement, Pays de la Loire region, northwestern France. Situated in the former province of Maine, the city lies southwest of Chartres at the confluence of the ... [2 Related Articles]
- Le Mans Grand Prix d'Endurance
- probably the world's best-known automobile race, run annually (with few exceptions) since 1923 at the Sarthe road-racing circuit, near Le Mans, France. Since 1928 the winner has been the car ... [4 Related Articles]
- Le Moustier
- paleoanthropological and archaeological site in the Dordogne region of southwestern France that has yielded important Neanderthal remains. In the 1860s the upper cave in the cliff face at Le Moustier ...
- Le Moyne, Simon
- (from the article "Syracuse") ...of the Iroquois Confederacy, was visited by explorers Samuel de Champlain in 1615 and Pierre Esprit, sieur de Radisson (while a captive of the Mohawks), in 1651. The Jesuit missionary ...
- Le Nain brothers
- three brothers best known for their paintings of peasant life. The work of Antoine Le Nain (b. c. 1588, Laon, France, -d. May 25, 1648, Paris, ), Louis Le Nain ...
- Le Nain, Antoine
- (from the article "Le Nain brothers") three brothers best known for their paintings of peasant life. The work of Antoine Le Nain (b. c. 1588Laon, France-d. May 25, 1648Paris), Louis Le Nain (b....
- Le Nain, Louis
- (from the article "Le Nain brothers") ...c. 1588Laon, France-d. May 25, 1648Paris), Louis Le Nain (b. c. 1600Laon, France-d. May 23,...comparison with ChardinChardin, Jean-Baptiste-SimeonHe was nearer ...
- Le Nain, Mathieu
- (from the article "Le Nain brothers") ...c. 1600Laon, France-d. May 23, 1648Paris), and Mathieu Le Nain (b. 1607Laon, France-d. April 20,...
- Le Notre, Andre
- one of the greatest French landscape architects, his masterpiece being the gardens of Versailles. [9 Related Articles]
- Le Pautre, Antoine
- French Baroque architect.
- Le Pen, Jean-Marie
- French nationalist whose National Front political party represented the main right-wing opposition to the country's mainstream conservative parties from the 1970s through the early 21st century. A controversial figure who ... [4 Related Articles]
- Le period
- (from the article "Southeast Asian arts") The great achievement of Vietnamese art, at least during the Le period (15th-18th centuries), seems to have been in architectural planning, incorporating Confucian, Daoist, or Buddhist temples into the landscape ...
- Le Petit-Quevilly
- southwestern, inner-city suburb of Rouen, Seine-Maritime departement, Haute-Normandie region, northwestern France, on the Seine River. The name Quevilly comes from the Latin Quevillicium-in ancient French Chivilly, or Chevilli-meaning "a row ...
- Le Pichon, Xavier
- (from the article "plate tectonics") In 1968, a computer analysis by the French geophysicist Xavier Le Pichon proved that the plates did indeed form an integrated system where the sum of all crust generated at ...
- Le Play, Frederic
- French mining engineer and sociologist who developed techniques for systematic research on the family. [1 Related Articles]
- Le Poittevin, Alfred
- (from the article "Flaubert, Gustave") ...literary career at school, his first published work appearing in a little review, Le Colibri, in 1837. He early formed a close friendship with the young philosopher ...
- Le Port
- town, major port of the French overseas departement of Reunion in the western Indian Ocean. Situated on the northwest side of the island, it is connected to all other major ...
- Le Poulain, Jean
- French actor and administrator who was celebrated primarily for his comedic interpretations but also was noted for his tragic roles.
- Le Prince family
- (from the article "stained glass") ...display of windows produced by a large number of distinctive workshops. The leading figures of the first part of the 16th century were Arnoult of Nijmegen (c. 1470-1540) and the ...
- Le Prince, Jean-Baptiste
- (from the article "aquatint") In the 17th century a number of attempts were made at producing what later became known as aquatint prints. None of the efforts was successful, however, until 1768, when the ...
- Le Puy-en-Velay
- town, capital of Haute-Loire departement, Auvergne region, south-central France. Le Puy-en-Velay is situated in the Massif Central, at 2,067 feet (630 m) above sea level, 2 miles (3 km) from ...
- Le Raincy
- (from the article "hall church") ...(c. 1257-83), is an archetypal hall church. The form has been revived from time to time. A significant modern example is Auguste Perret's church of Notre-Dame (1922-23), at Le Raincy, ...
- Le Roy, Adrian
- (from the article "Ballard Family") The founder of the dynasty was Robert Ballard (d. 1588), brother-in-law to the celebrated lutenist and composer Adrian Le Roy. These two used movable type, cut in 1540 by Robert's ...
- Le Roy, Edouard
- (from the article "Pragmatism") ...the focal expression of a number of philosophic tendencies suddenly becoming conscious of themselves and of "their combined mission." He mentioned the French thinkers Maurice Blondel, Edouard Le Roy, and ...
- Le Senne, Rene
- (from the article "Existentialism") ...that guarantees the existential possibilities by Louis Lavelle, a leader of the French philosophie de l'esprit; and as the absolute value that man encounters in his own spiritual intimacy by ...
- Le Sueur, Eustache
- painter known for his religious pictures in the style of the French classical Baroque. Le Sueur was one of the founders and first professors of the Royal Academy of Painting ... [1 Related Articles]
- Le Sueur, Meridel
- American author who espoused feminism and social reform in her fiction, journalism, and poetry.
- Le Tellier, Michel
- secretary of state for war (1643-77) and then chancellor who created the royal army that enabled King Louis XIV to impose his absolute rule on France and establish French hegemony ... [2 Related Articles]
- Le Thanh Tong
- the greatest ruler of the Later Le dynasty (q.v.; 1428-1788) in Vietnam. Though the early years of Le Thanh Tong's reign were marked by a struggle for power, he eventually ... [2 Related Articles]
- Le Touquet-Paris-Plage
- town, Pas-de-Calais departement, Nord-Pas-de-Calais region, northern France, at the mouth of the Canche River. Situated on the English Channel 20 miles (32 km) south of Boulogne, it is a fashionable ...
- Le Van Duyet
- Vietnamese military strategist and government official who served as a diplomatic liaison between Vietnam and France and defended Christian missionaries against the early Nguyen emperors.
- Le Vau, Louis
- (from the article "Western architecture") ...de Brosse's Luxembourg Palace (1615), in Paris, and Chateau de Blerancourt (1614), northeast of Paris between Coucy and Noyon, were the bases from which Francois Mansart and Louis Le Vau ...
- Le Verrier, Urbain-Jean-Joseph
- French astronomer who predicted by mathematical means the existence of the planet Neptune. [4 Related Articles]
- Le Veurdre Bridge
- (from the article "bridge") The idea of prestressing concrete was first applied by Freyssinet in his effort to save the Le Veurdre Bridge over the Allier River near Vichy, France. A year after its ...
- Lea, Homer
- U.S. soldier and author whose knowledge of Japanese affairs enabled him, 30 years before World War II, to predict a U.S.-Japanese war and describe its early course.
- Lea, River
- river rising north of Luton in the county of Bedfordshire, England. It flows for 46 miles (74 km) east and then south to enter the River Thames near Bromley-by-Bow, in ... [1 Related Articles]
- Leach Pottery
- (from the article "pottery") The artist-potter has had an important influence on modern design from the time that Bernard Leach (1887-1979) established the Leach Pottery in St. Ives, Cornwall, in 1920. Leach spent many ...
- Leach's petrel
- (from the article "storm petrel") ...the northern species have longer wings, forked or wedge-shaped tails, shorter legs, and longer toes; when foraging, they swoop over the water like tiny terns, occasionally alighting on the surface. ...
- Leach, Bernard
- one of the foremost modern British potters, who influenced contemporary ceramic design. [3 Related Articles]
- Leach, Janet Darnell
- American-born British potter who ran Leach Pottery, the business of her more famous husband, Bernard Leach, but who also was successful with her own distinctive style of crockery; because they ...
- leachate
- (from the article "environmental works") ...at least 10 feet (3 metres) of separation between the bottom of the landfill and the underlying bedrock or groundwater table. A secure hazardous-waste landfill must have two impermeable liners ...
- leaching
- in geology, loss of soluble substances and colloids from the top layer of soil by percolating precipitation. The materials lost are carried downward (eluviated) and are generally redeposited (illuviated) in ... [4 Related Articles]
- leaching
- (from the article "chromium processing") The aluminothermic process begins with the roasting of fine ore, soda, and lime in air at 1,100° C (2,000° F). This creates a calcine containing sodium chromate, which is leached ...
- leaching field
- (from the article "environmental works") ...decomposes anaerobically, it eventually accumulates and must be pumped out periodically. Floating solids and grease are trapped by a baffle at the tank outlet, and settled sewage flows out into ...
- Leachman, Cloris
- (from the article "1971: Best Supporting Actress") Other Nominees
- Leacock, Stephen
- internationally popular Canadian humorist, educator, lecturer, and author of more than 30 books of lighthearted sketches and essays.
- Lead
- city, Lawrence county, western South Dakota, U.S. It lies in the northern Black Hills, about 40 miles (65 km) northwest of Rapid City, at an elevation of 5,280 feet (1,609 ...
- lead
- a soft, silvery-white or grayish metal in Group 14 (IVa) of the periodic table. Lead is very malleable, ductile, and dense and is a poor conductor of electricity. Known in ... [18 Related Articles]
- lead
- (from the article "sea ice") ...small (20-100 m [about 66-330 feet] across) to giant (greater than 10 km [about 6 miles] across). As the ice drifts, it often breaks apart, and open water appears within ...
- lead
- (from the article "bridge") The card led against declarer is selected so as to give information to the leader's partner. Certain conventional meanings of leads were established during the bridge whist period and, with ...
- lead acetate
- (from the article "lead") Another economically significant compound of lead in the +2 oxidation state is lead acetate, Pb(C2H3O2)2, a water-soluble salt made by dissolving litharge in concentrated acetic acid. The common form, the ...
- lead azide
- (from the article "chemical industry") A minor but still important segment of the explosives industry is the production of detonating agents, or such priming compositions as lead azide [Pb(N3)2], silver azide (AgN3), and mercury fulminate ...
- lead blast furnace
- (from the article "metallurgy") ...is drawn off to a spray bath of molten lead and condensed to liquid zinc metal. Slag and any lead present in the charge are tapped as liquids from the ...
- lead brass
- (from the article "brass") ...includes those with other elements besides copper and zinc, added to improve physical and mechanical properties, corrosion resistance, or machinability or to modify colour. Among these are the lead brasses, ...
- lead dioxide
- (from the article "lead processing") Lead dioxide (PbO2) is an oxidizing agent used in the manufacture of dyes, matches, and rubber substitutes. Orange mineral (Pb3O4), having the same chemical composition as red lead but differing ...
- lead iodide
- (from the article "weather modification") Certain substances other than Dry Ice can be used to seed clouds. For example, when silver iodide and lead iodide are burned, they create a smoke of tiny particles. These ...
- lead ion
- (from the article "surface coating") ...are the catalysts and driers that help to accelerate film-formation reactions. The earliest catalysts for curing were discovered by accident, when it was determined that the presence of lead oxide ...
- lead magnesium niobate
- (from the article "capacitor dielectric and piezoelectric ceramics") ...whose piezoelectric properties are well known. Among the polycrystalline ceramics that display piezoelectricity, the most important are PZT (lead zirconate titanate, Pb[Zr,Ti]O2) and PMN (lead magnesium niobate, Pb[Mg13Nb23]O3). These materials ...
- lead poisoning
- deleterious effect of a gradual accumulation of lead in body tissues, as a result of repeated exposure to lead-containing substances. [2 Related Articles]
- lead processing
- preparation of the ore for use in various products. [6 Related Articles]
- lead salt
- (from the article "sensory reception, human") ...low molecular weight are predominantly salty, while those of higher molecular weight tend to be bitter. The salts of heavy metals such as mercury have a metallic taste, although some ...
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