| | - Landor Associates
- (from the article "industrial design") ...continued to be at the forefront of industrial design, at least in its initial postwar manifestation. Some major examples include advertising and packaging designer Walter Landor, who established Landor Associates ...
- Landor, Walter Savage
- English poet and writer best remembered for Imaginary Conversations, prose dialogues between historical personages. [2 Related Articles]
- Landowska, Wanda
- Polish-born harpsichordist who helped initiate the revival of the harpsichord in the 20th century. [1 Related Articles]
- Landrace
- (from the article "Selected breeds of pigs") The Landrace is a white, lop-eared pig found in most countries in central and eastern Europe, with local varieties in Denmark, Germany, The Netherlands, and Sweden. World attention was first ...
- Landrum-Griffin Act
- a legislative response to widespread publicity about corruption and autocratic methods in certain American labour unions during the 1950s. Even though the AFL-CIO (American Federation of Labor-Congress of Industrial Organizations) ... [2 Related Articles]
- Landry, Bernard
- Bernard Landry was sworn in as Quebec's 28th prime minister (premier) on March 8, 2001. Changes in the leadership of the separatist Parti Quebecois (PQ) following the defeat of the ... [1 Related Articles]
- Landry, Tom
- American professional gridiron football coach, notably with the National Football League (NFL) Dallas Cowboys from 1960 to 1989. He molded the Cowboys into a dominant team from the late 1960s ... [2 Related Articles]
- Lands for Settlement Act
- (from the article "McKenzie, Sir John") In 1892 McKenzie won passage of the Lands for Settlement Act that opened up crown land for leasing and, when amended in 1894, compelled owners of large estates to sell ...
- Landsat
- any of a series of unmanned U.S. scientific satellites. The first three Landsat satellites were launched in 1972, 1975, and 1978. These satellites were primarily designed to collect information about ... [4 Related Articles]
- Landsberger, Benno
- (from the article "Mesopotamia, history of") ...can only be relative. Modern scholars assume the ability to assess the sum total of an "ancient Mesopotamian civilization"; but, since the publication of an article by the Assyriologist Benno ...
- landscape
- (from the article "painting") Idealized landscapes were common subjects for fresco decoration in Roman villas. Landscape painting (as exemplified by a Chinese landscape scroll by Gu Kaizhi dating from the 4th century) was an ...
- Landscape Arch
- (from the article "Arches National Park") ...are Balanced Rock, Courthouse Towers (with spires that resemble skyscrapers), The Windows Section, Delicate Arch, Fiery Furnace (so named because it glows in the setting sun), and Devils Garden. Landscape ...
- landscape architecture
- the development and decorative planting of gardens, yards, grounds, parks, and other planned green outdoor spaces. Landscape gardening is used to enhance nature and to create a natural setting for ...
- landscape horticulture
- (from the article "horticulture") Horticulture is divided into the cultivation of plants for food (pomology and olericulture) and plants for ornament (floriculture and landscape horticulture). Pomology deals with fruit and nut crops. Olericulture deals ...
- Landseer, Sir Edwin
- British painter and sculptor best known for his paintings of animals. [1 Related Articles]
- Landsgemeinden
- (from the article "canton") ...Each of the cantons and half cantons has its own constitution, legislature, executive, and judiciary. Glarus and Appenzell Inner-Rhoden have preserved their ancient democratic assemblies (Landsgemeinden), in which all citizens ...
- Landshut
- city, Bavaria Land (state), southeastern Germany. It lies on the Isar River northeast of Munich. Named for its early position as the protector (Hut) ... [1 Related Articles]
- landside facility
- (from the article "airport") ...and air traffic control facilities. Support facilities on the airside of the field include meteorology, fire and rescue, power and other utilities, aircraft maintenance, and airport maintenance. Landside facilities are ...
- landskap
- traditional subdivision (province) of Sweden. The 25 landskap (provinces) developed during the pre-Viking and Viking eras and were independent political units with their own laws, judges, and councils. The division ...
- Landsknechte
- (from the article "Frundsberg, Georg von") ...the French. Still serving Maximilian, he took part in 1504 in the war over the succession to the duchy of Bavaria-Landshut, and afterward he fought in the Netherlands. Frundsberg is ...
- Landskrona
- town and port, Skane lan (county), southern Sweden, on The Sound (Oresund), north-northwest of the city of Malmo. It has the only natural harbour on The Sound. The town was ...
- landslide
- the movement downslope of a mass of rock, debris, earth, or soil (soil being a mixture of earth and debris). Landslides occur when gravitational and other types of shear stresses ... [4 Related Articles]
- Landsort Deep
- (from the article "Baltic Sea") The greatest deeps in the Baltic lie off the southeast coast of Sweden between Nykoping and the island of Gotland, where a depth of 1,506 feet (459 metres) is reached ...
- landspout
- (from the article "waterspout") ...growing cloud aloft; and sufficient rotation in the atmosphere that can be localized and concentrated to produce a vortex. Most waterspouts closely resemble weak tornadoes, some of which are called ...
- Landstad, Magnus Brostrup
- pastor and poet who published the first collection of authentic Norwegian traditional ballads (1853).
- Landstande
- (from the article "Germany") In the various principalities the outcome of the struggle between the territorial princes and the assemblies of estates (Landstande) was not fully decided by 1500. The vigour ...
- Landsteiner, Karl
- Austrian American immunologist and pathologist who received the 1930 Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine for his discovery of the major blood groups and the development of the ABO system ... [4 Related Articles]
- Landsting
- (from the article "Denmark") ...was abolished; it was replaced by the so-called June constitution of June 5, 1849. Together with the king and his ministers, there was now also a parliament with two chambers: ...
- Landsting
- (from the article "Greenland") The centre of power in Greenland is the Landsting, a parliament elected to four-year terms by all adults age 18 and older. A number of parties have been represented in ...
- Landtag
- (from the article "Rhineland-Palatinate") Representatives are popularly elected to the state parliament, the Landtag. The Landtag elects a prime minister. Under the state's judicial system, civil and criminal cases are tried by the provincial ...
- Landulf I
- (from the article "Italy") ...plots sparked a 10-year civil war that resulted, in 849, in the creation of two rival principalities, based at Benevento and Salerno. The gastald of Capua, Landulf ...
- Landuma
- group of some 20,000 people located principally in Guinea, 30 to 60 miles (50 to 100 km) inland along the border of Guinea-Bissau. Their language, also called Landuma or Tyapi, ... [1 Related Articles]
- Landuma language
- (from the article "Landuma") group of some 20,000 people located principally in Guinea, 30 to 60 miles (50 to 100 km) inland along the border of Guinea-Bissau. Their language, also called Landuma or Tyapi, ...
- Lane's law
- (from the article "Lane, Jonathan Homer") ...an assistant examiner in the U.S. Patent Office in 1848 and three years later became principal examiner. From 1857 he worked as an expert counsellor in patent cases. His solar ...
- Lane, Burton
- American composer (b. Feb. 2, 1912, New York, N.Y.--d. Jan. 5, 1997, New York), created melodies for musical stage shows and motion pictures for more than 50 years. Though he ...
- Lane, Dick
- American professional football player (b. April 16, 1928, Austin, Texas-d. Jan. 29, 2002, Austin), was one of the leading defensive backs of the National Football League (NFL) in the 1950s ...
- Lane, Franklin K(night)
- U.S. lawyer and politician who, as secretary of the interior (1913-20) made important contributions to conservation.
- Lane, Harriet
- acting American first lady (1857-61), niece of bachelor James Buchanan, 15th president of the United States. [1 Related Articles]
- Lane, John
- (from the article "typography") ...the distinction of their titles but also through the distinctiveness of their house styles acted as a bridge between the deluxe bibliophilic editions and ordinary books. Companies such as those ...
- Lane, Jonathan Homer
- U.S. astrophysicist who was the first to investigate mathematically the Sun as a gaseous body. His work demonstrated the interrelationships of pressure, temperature, and density inside the Sun and was ...
- Lane, Lois
- (from the article "Superman") ...provided the central tension of the saga. As the mild-mannered Kent, he worked as a reporter on the Daily Planet in Metropolis, where he developed a romantic interest in fellow ...
- Lane, Nathan
- American stage and film actor, who was best known for his work in musical comedies, notably the Broadway production of The Producers. [2 Related Articles]
- Lane, Ronald
- ), British rock bass guitarist, singer, and songwriter who was cofounder of the influential 1960s band the Small Faces (later the Faces), which gave a boost to the careers of ...
- Lane, Sir Allen
- 20th-century pioneer of paperback publishing in England, whose belief in a market for high-quality books at low prices helped to create a new reading public and also led to improved ... [2 Related Articles]
- Lane, Sir Hugh Percy
- Irish art dealer known for his collection of Impressionist paintings.
- Lanfranc
- Italian Benedictine who, as archbishop of Canterbury (1070-89) and trusted counsellor of William the Conqueror, was largely responsible for the excellent church-state relations of William's reign after the Norman Conquest ... [4 Related Articles]
- Lanfranco, Giovanni
- Italian painter, an important follower of the Bolognese school. [2 Related Articles]
- Lang Lang
- By 2004 Chinese-born pianist Lang Lang had firmly established himself as one of the most promising young musical talents on the international scene. Only 22 years of age, he had ...
- Lang Mountains
- mountainous area lying south and west of the Dovre Mountains in west-central Norway. The Lang Mountains include the Jotunheim Mountains, the Jostedals Glacier, the Hardanger Ice Cap, the Hardanger Plateau, ...
- Lang Ping
- volleyball player and coach, who was the lead spiker on the Chinese national teams that dominated women's international volleyball in the early 1980s. Known as the "Iron Hammer," she was ...
- Lang, Andrew
- Scottish scholar and man of letters noted for his collections of fairy tales and translations of Homer. [7 Related Articles]
- Lang, Charles Bryant, Jr.
- American cinematographer whose stunning mastery of both black-and-white and colour photography and imaginative, flattering lighting graced such films as A Farewell to Arms (1932), for which he won an Academy ... [1 Related Articles]
- Lang, Cosmo Gordon Lang, Baron
- influential and versatile Anglican priest who, as archbishop of Canterbury, was a close friend and adviser to King George VI. He was also briefly suspected of having conspired to bring ...
- Lang, Eddie
- American musician, among the first guitar soloists in jazz and an accompanist of rare sensitivity.
- Lang, Fritz
- Austrian-born American motion-picture director whose films, dealing with fate and man's inevitable working out of his destiny, are considered masterpieces of visual composition. [2 Related Articles]
- Lang, Gladys
- (from the article "collective behaviour") ...disregard for his fellows' lives, many students believe that the fourth set of causes lies in the quality of every individual's relations with his fellows. The U.S. sociologists Kurt Lang ...
- Lang, Helmut
- (from the article "Fashions") ...Kenneth Cole offered fitted white tank tops as an alternative to blouses. Christian Dior's John Galliano displayed Op art-inspired black-and-white mini sweaterdresses on his autumn-winter runway. Helmut Lang revived classic ...
- Lang, Jack
- Australian statesman and Labor premier of New South Wales (1925-27, 1930-32) whose defiance of Australia's Labor prime minister James Henry Scullin's economic policies contributed to Scullin's defeat in 1931 and ... [1 Related Articles]
- Lang, John Dunmore
- Australian churchman and writer, founder of the Australian Presbyterian Church, and an influence in shaping colonization of that continent.
- Lang, Kurt
- (from the article "collective behaviour") ...every individual's disregard for his fellows' lives, many students believe that the fourth set of causes lies in the quality of every individual's relations with his fellows. The U.S. sociologists ...
- Lang, Matheson
- English romantic actor and dramatist whose imposing presence, commanding features, and fine voice were as well suited to Othello as to such popular and picturesque characters as Mr. Wu and ...
- Lang, Matthaus
- German statesman and cardinal, counsellor of the emperor Maximilian I.
- Lang, William Henry
- (from the article "Kidston, Robert") During the second period (1904-22) of his work, Kidston was principally concerned with morphological problems. With William Henry Lang of Victoria University in Manchester, he studied the silicified plants of ...
- Langaled
- (from the article "Norway") One of the most serious problems facing the Stoltenberg government was the question of pollution in the gas and oil industries. The world's longest undersea pipeline, Langaled, from the Ormen ...
- langar
- (from the article "Amar Das") ...to spread the faith. He was much revered for his wisdom and piety, and it was said that even the Mughal emperor Akbar sought his advice and ate in the ...
- Langar, Mount
- (from the article "Hindu Kush") ...metres]), in Afghanistan, is followed farther south by the massif (principal mountain mass) of Saraghrara (24,111 feet [7,349 metres]). Another line of imposing mountains, which includes Mounts Langar (23,162 feet ...
- Langban
- (from the article "arsenate mineral") any of a group of naturally occurring compounds of arsenic, oxygen, and various metals, most of which are rare, having crystallized under very restricted conditions. At the mineralogically famous Langban ...
- Langbehn, Julius
- (from the article "fascism") ...of the Slavs that "the sooner they perish the better it will be for us and them," and he called for the extermination of the Jews-a sentiment that was shared ...
- Langdell, Christopher Columbus
- American educator, dean of the Harvard Law School (1870-95), who originated the case method of teaching law. [1 Related Articles]
- Langdon, Harry
- (from the article "motion picture, history of the") ...Fine Mess (1930) and Sons of the Desert (1933). Their comic characters were basically grown-up children whose relationship was sometimes disturbingly sadomasochistic. Langdon also traded on a ...
- Langdon, John
- state legislator, governor, and U.S. senator during the Revolutionary and early national period (1775-1812). After an apprenticeship in a Portsmouth countinghouse and several years at sea, he became a prosperous ...
- Lange, Andre
- By collecting gold medals throughout the 2007-08 season, German bobsleigh driver Andre Lange confirmed that he was a dominant force in the world of international bobsleigh racing and arguably one ... [1 Related Articles]
- Lange, Antoni
- Polish poet, literary critic, and translator who was a pioneer of the Young Poland movement. [2 Related Articles]
- Lange, Carl Georg
- (from the article "emotion") A few years later the Danish physician Carl Lange published a more constricted theory, maintaining that emotion is a function of the perception of changes in the visceral organs innervated ...
- Lange, Christian Lous
- Norwegian peace advocate, secretary-general of the Inter-Parliamentary Union (1909-33), and cowinner (with Karl Branting) of the Nobel Prize for Peace in 1921.
- Lange, David
- New Zealand lawyer and politician, who was prime minister of New Zealand (1984-89). [5 Related Articles]
- Lange, Dorothea
- American documentary photographer whose portraits of displaced farmers during the Great Depression greatly influenced later documentary and journalistic photography. [1 Related Articles]
- Lange, Friedrich Albert
- German philosopher and Socialist, important for his refutation of materialism and for establishing a lasting tradition of Neo-Kantianism at the University of Marburg. [2 Related Articles]
- Lange, Hope Elise Ross
- American actress (b. Nov. 28, 1931/33, Redding Ridge, Conn.-d. Dec. 19, 2003, Santa Monica, Calif.), was already a veteran of stage and television when she made an impressive film debut ...
- Lange, Jessica
- Jessica Lange overcame an inauspicious start early in her career to become one of Hollywood's most respected actresses and, in 2005, one of the busiest and most versatile. In February ... [2 Related Articles]
- Lange, Oskar Ryszard
- Polish-born economist who taught in the United States and Poland and was active in Polish politics. Lange's belief that a state-run economy could be as efficient as (or more efficient ...
- Langeais
- town, west-central France, Indre-et-Loire departement, Centre region, on the right bank of Loire River. It has a 15th-century chateau, notable as a fine example of pre-Renaissance architecture. ...
- Langeland
- island belonging to Denmark, in the Baltic Sea between Funen and Lolland islands. Langeland's castle of Tranekaer has been a royal residence since 1231 (rebuilt 1550), and its principal town, ...
- Langen, Eugen
- German engineer who pioneered in building internal-combustion engines. [1 Related Articles]
- Langer, Bernhard
- (from the article "Golf") ...$44,464). Casey made up for that disappointment at year's end by being named European Tour Golfer of the Year. The World Cup, held December 7-10 in St. James, Barbados, was ...
- Langer, Carl
- (from the article "fuel cell") ...to the early days of electrochemistry. British physicist William Grove used hydrogen and oxygen as fuels catalyzed on platinum electrodes in 1839. During the late 1880s two British chemists-Carl Langer ...
- Langer, Frantisek
- physician and writer, one of the outstanding Czech dramatists of the interwar period. [1 Related Articles]
- Langer, Susanne K.
- American philosopher and educator who wrote extensively on linguistic analysis and aesthetics. [4 Related Articles]
- Langerhans cell
- (from the article "integument") ...(branching) pigment cell to form "epidermal melanocyte units." In addition to keratinocytes and melanocytes, the mammalian epidermis contains two other cell types: Merkel cells and Langerhans cells. Merkel cells form ...
- Langerhans, islets of
- irregularly shaped patches of endocrine tissue located within the pancreas of most vertebrates. They are named for the German physician Paul Langerhans, who first described them in 1869. The normal ... [13 Related Articles]
- Langerhans, Paul
- (from the article "Langerhans, islets of") irregularly shaped patches of endocrine tissue located within the pancreas of most vertebrates. They are named for the German physician Paul Langerhans, who first described them in 1869. The normal ...
- Langford, Frances
- American singer and actress (b. April 4, 1914, Lakeland, Fla.-d. July 11, 2005, Jensen Beach, Fla.), acted in some 30 motion pictures and, with Don Ameche, starred as the combative ...
- Langhans, Carl Gotthard
- (from the article "Western architecture") King Frederick William II of Prussia (reigned 1786-97) decided to make Berlin a cultural centre dominated by German artists. Among the architects he called to Berlin were Carl Gotthard Langhans ...
- Langhian Stage
- third of six divisions (in ascending order) of Miocene rocks, representing all rocks deposited worldwide during the Langhian Age (16 million to 13.8 million years ago) of the Neogene Period ...
- Langhorne, John
- poet and English translator of the 1st-century Greek biographer Plutarch; his work anticipates that of George Crabbe in its description of the problems facing the poor. He was a country ...
- Langiewicz, Marian (Melchior)
- Polish soldier and patriot who played a key role in the Polish Insurrection of 1863.
- Langjokull
- (Icelandic: "Long Glacier"), large ice field, west-central Iceland. Langjokull is 40 miles (64 km) long and 15 miles (24 km) wide and covers an area of 395 square miles (1,025 ... [1 Related Articles]
- Langkawi Island
- main island of the Langkawi group, in the Strait of Malacca, Peninsular (West) Malaysia. It lies just south of the Thai island of Tarutao. Langkawi, 18 miles (29 km) long ...
- Langlade
- (from the article "Saint-Pierre and Miquelon") ...a collectivite of France since 1985. The area of the main islands is 93 square miles (242 square km), 83 square miles (215 square km) of which are in the ...
- Langland, William
- presumed author of one of the greatest examples of Middle English alliterative poetry, generally known as Piers Plowman, an allegorical work with a complex variety of religious themes. One of ... [3 Related Articles]
- Langlands conjectures
- (from the article "Lafforgue, Laurent") ...Congress of Mathematicians in Beijing in 2002. Building on work by the 1990 Fields Medalist, Russian Vladimir Drinfeld, Lafforgue established one important case of the Langlands conjectures. The Langlands conjectures, ...
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