| | - Kamaraj Plan
- (from the article "Kamaraj, Kumaraswami") ...a seat in the lower house of the Indian Parliament in the general elections of 1952. From 1954 to 1963 he served as chief minister of Madras, giving up that ...
- Kamaraj, Kumaraswami
- Indian statesman who rose from the Nadar (next-to-lowest) caste to become chief minister of Madras (later Tamil Nadu) and president of the Congress Party.
- Kamaran
- island in the Red Sea off the coast of Yemen, to which it belongs. The largest member of an archipelago, it is 22 square miles (57 square km) in area. ... [1 Related Articles]
- Kamares ware
- style of painted pottery associated with the palace culture that flourished on Crete during the Middle Minoan period (c. 2100-c. 1550 BC). Surviving examples include ridged cups, small, round spouted ... [4 Related Articles]
- Kamarhati
- city, east-central West Bengal state, northeastern India. It lies just east of the Hooghly River and is part of the Calcutta urban agglomeration. The city's major industries include jute and ...
- Kamarupa
- ancient Indian state corresponding roughly to what is now the state of Assam in northeastern India. This region had many rulers but, being protected by natural fortifications, maintained fairly consistent ... [4 Related Articles]
- Kamarupan languages
- (from the article "Tibeto-Burman languages") The Conspectus assigns the very numerous Tibeto-Burman languages of northeastern India and adjacent regions of Myanmar and Bangladesh to the Kuki-Chin-Naga, Abor-Miri-Dafla (what Shafer called Mirish), and ...
- Kamas language
- (from the article "Samoyedic languages") ...and South Samoyedic. The North Samoyedic subgroup consists of Nenets (Yurak), Enets (Yenisey), and Nganasan (Tavgi). The South Samoyedic subgroup comprises Selkup and the practically extinct Kamas language. None of ...
- Kamasian Pluvial Stage
- (from the article "Africa") The Kamasian, or Second, Pluvial of the Middle Pleistocene Epoch (900,000 to 130,000 years ago) corresponds to the Mindel in Europe. A dry but not a desert climate is implied ...
- Kamasian-Kanjeran Interpluvial
- (from the article "Africa") The Kamasian, or Second, Pluvial of the Middle Pleistocene Epoch (900,000 to 130,000 years ago) corresponds to the Mindel in Europe. A dry but not a desert climate is implied ...
- Kamba
- Bantu-speaking people of Kenya. They are closely related to the neighbouring Kikuyu. [2 Related Articles]
- Kambalda
- mining town, southern Western Australia. It lies 37 miles (60 km) south of Kalgoorlie-Boulder. Gold was mined there from 1896 to 1906, but the site's modern importance dates from 1966, ... [1 Related Articles]
- Kamban, Gudmundur
- one of Iceland's most important 20th-century dramatists and novelists. His work, which is anchored in a deep historical awareness, frequently criticized modern Western values and spoke in favour of compassion ... [1 Related Articles]
- Kambari
- (from the article "African dance") ...express masculinity, whereas the women dance with a sustained grace to reflect their femininity. If men and women join a common dance circle, their dance patterns are usually distinct, as ...
- Kamboja
- (from the article "India") ...of the 22 satrapies of the Achaemenian Empire of Persia (c. 519 BCE). Its major role as the channel of communication with Iran and Central Asia continued, as did its ...
- Kambot
- (from the article "art and architecture, Oceanic") The Kambot tribe of the Keram River, on the other hand, combined sculpture and painting in complex, ambitious designs to decorate their ceremonial houses. The houses' long, horizontal gables were ...
- Kambui Schists
- (from the article "Sierra Leone") ...eastern half of the country, is composed mainly of granite with a thick laterite (iron-bearing) crust; to the west it is bounded by a narrow outcrop of mineral-bearing metamorphic rocks ...
- Kambuja-desa
- (from the article "Cambodia") Jayavarman's real accomplishment was less tangible and lasted longer, for he appears to have established what came to be called Kambuja-desa, a confident, self-aware kingdom that superseded and came to ...
- Kambula, Battle of
- (from the article "Isandhlwana and Rorke's Drift, Battles of") ...attack with minimal losses. Contrary to popular belief at the time, even had Rorke's Drift fallen, it is unlikely that the Zulu would have attacked the British settlement of Natal. ...
- Kamchatka
- kray (territory), far eastern Russia. The territory was created in 2007 when the Kamchatka oblast (region) was merged with the Koryak autonomous [1 Related Articles]
- Kamchatka Current
- (from the article "Pacific Ocean") ...in the region of 160° E results in the movement known as the North Pacific Current. The surface waters of the Bering Sea circulate in a counterclockwise direction. The southward ...
- Kamchatka Peninsula
- peninsula in far eastern Russia, lying between the Sea of Okhotsk on the west and the Pacific Ocean and Bering Sea on the east. It is about 750 miles (1,200 ... [5 Related Articles]
- Kamchatka River
- river, far eastern Russia. It rises in the Sredinny ("Central") Range of the Kamchatka Peninsula and flows north and east about 478 miles (758 km) past Milkovo, head of shallow-draught ...
- kame
- moundlike hill of poorly sorted drift, mostly sand and gravel, deposited at or near the terminus of a glacier. A kame may be produced either as a delta of a ... [1 Related Articles]
- kame field
- (from the article "kame") ...kame may be produced either as a delta of a meltwater stream or as an accumulation of debris let down onto the ground surface by the melting glacier. A group ...
- kame moraine
- (from the article "glacial landform") ...deposited in this manner are called kames. Kame terraces form in a similar manner but between the lateral margin of a glacier and the valley wall. Glacial geologists sometimes employ ...
- kame terrace
- (from the article "glacial landform") ...ice melts away, this ice-contact stratified drift slumps and partially collapses to form stagnant ice deposits. Isolated mounds of bedded sands and gravels deposited in this manner are called kames. ...
- Kamehameha I
- Hawaiian conqueror and king who, by 1810, had united all the Hawaiian islands and founded the Kamehameha dynasty, the most enduring and best-documented line of Hawaiian rulers. [14 Related Articles]
- Kamehameha II
- king of Hawaii from 1819 to 1824, son of Kamehameha I. [4 Related Articles]
- Kamehameha III
- king of Hawaii from 1825 to 1854, brother of Kamehameha II. [4 Related Articles]
- Kamehameha IV
- Hawaiian sovereign known for his firm opposition to the annexation of his kingdom by the United States. As Kamehameha IV, he strove to curb the political power of the American ... [1 Related Articles]
- Kamehameha V
- king of Hawaii from 1863 to 1872. [2 Related Articles]
- Kamekura Yusaku
- (from the article "graphic design") The first generation of graphic designers to emerge after the war was led by Kamekura Yusaku, whose importance to the emerging graphic-design community led to the affectionate nickname "Boss." Kamekura's ...
- Kamen, Dean
- In 2002 nearly half the U.S. states changed their laws so that inventor Dean Kamen's high-tech Segway Human Transporter could be legally ridden on sidewalks and cycle paths. After months ...
- Kamen, Martin David
- Canadian-born chemist (b. Aug. 27, 1913, Toronto, Ont.-d. Aug. 31, 2002, Santa Barbara, Calif.), discovered (1940), with Samuel Ruben, radioactive carbon-14. Kamen was later shunned by the scientific community, however, ...
- Kamen, Mount
- (from the article "Evenk") ...merged with Taymyr autonomous district and Krasnoyarsk; the latter remained the name of the territory. In the northwestern part of Evenk, the Putoran Mountains rise to 5,581 feet (1,701 metres) ...
- Kamen-na-Obi
- city and administrative centre of Kamensky rayon (sector), Altay kray (region), south-central Russia. A port on the Ob River, it was founded in 1670 and designated an urban settlement in ...
- Kamenev, Lev Borisovich
- original name Lev Borisovich Rosenfeld Old Bolshevik and prominent member of the Communist Party and Soviet government during the decade after the October Revolution in Russia (1917). He became an ... [6 Related Articles]
- Kamenka
- (from the article "Central Asia, history of") ...in them aimlessly roaming tribes. The Scythians, like most nomad empires, had permanent settlements of various sizes, representing various degrees of civilization. The vast fortified settlement of Kamenka on the ...
- Kamenshek, Dorothy
- American athlete, one of the stars of women's professional baseball, who was considered a superior player at first base and at bat.
- Kamensk-Shakhtinsky
- city, Rostov oblast (province), southwestern Russia, on the Seversky ("Northern") Donets River. Founded in 1686 as a Cossack settlement, it became a city in 1927. Once a major coal-mining centre ...
- Kamensk-Uralsky
- city, Sverdlovsk oblast (province), western Russia, at the confluence of the Kamenka and Iset rivers. The first state iron foundry in the Urals, Kamensky Zavod, was established there in 1700-01. ...
- Kamer-Kollezhsky barrier
- (from the article "Moscow") ...new buildings appeared, designed by such architects as Giacomo Quarenghi, Vasily Bazhenov, Matvei Kazakov, and Vasily Stasov. In 1741 Moscow was surrounded by a barricade 25 miles (40 km) long, ...
- Kameradenwerke
- (from the article "Odessa") Odessa ceased to exist about 1952 and was replaced by an organization called Kameradenwerke ("Comrade Workshop"), which over the following decades sought to aid former Nazis overseas in avoiding capture ...
- Kamerlingh Onnes, Heike
- Dutch winner of the Nobel Prize for Physics in 1913 for his work on low-temperature physics and his production of liquid helium. He discovered superconductivity, the almost total lack of ... [3 Related Articles]
- Kamerny Theatre
- small, intimate theatre founded in Moscow in 1914 by the Russian director Aleksandr Tairov (q.v.) to support his experimental synthetic theatre that incorporated all theatrical arts-ballet, opera, music, mime, and ... [1 Related Articles]
- Kames, Henry Home, Lord
- lawyer, agriculturalist, and philosopher. [2 Related Articles]
- Kami
- (from the article "Tsushima") ...lie in the Korea Strait separating Japan and Korea, and divide the strait into the Tsushima Strait (west) and the Korea Strait (east). The archipelago consists principally of two rocky ...
- kami
- object of worship in Shinto and other indigenous religions of Japan. The term kami is often translated as "god," "lord," or "deity"; but it also includes other forces of nature, ... [9 Related Articles]
- kami mono
- (from the article "Noh theatre") There are five types of Noh plays. The first type, the kami ("god") play, involves a sacred story of a Shinto shrine; the second,
- Kami-musubi no kami
- (from the article "musubi") ...("Records of Ancient Matters"), the three deities first named are Takami-musubi no Kami ("Exalted Musubi Deity"), who is later related to the gods of the heaven; Kami-musubi no Kami ("Sacred ...
- Kamia
- (from the article "Yuman") ...now western Arizona south of the Grand Canyon and whose major groups included the Hualapai (Walapai), Havasupai, and Yavapai. Two other groups of Yuman-speaking people, the Diegueno and the Kamia ...
- Kamiarizuki
- (from the article "Izumo") ...every October all the Shinto gods meet at one of the smaller shrines. Because of this tradition, October is known as Kannazuki ("Month Without Gods") everywhere else in Japan and ...
- kamidana
- (Japanese: "god-shelf"), in the Shinto religion of Japan, a miniature shrine, the centre of daily worship in a household or a shop. The kamidana usually consists of a small cupboard ... [1 Related Articles]
- Kamies, Mount
- (from the article "South Africa") ...the Nuweveld Range and the Roggeveld Mountains and forms the approximate boundary between Northern Cape and Western Cape provinces. At its western extreme, in the vicinity of Mount Bokkeveld and ...
- Kamigata
- (from the article "Japan") ...The Eastern subdialects were established in the 7th and 8th centuries and became known as the Azuma ("Eastern") language. After the 17th century there was a vigorous influx of the ...
- kamikaze
- any of the Japanese pilots who in World War II made deliberate suicidal crashes into enemy targets, usually ships. The term also denotes the aircraft used in such attacks. The ... [3 Related Articles]
- kamikaze of 1274 and 1281
- (1274, 1281), a pair of massive typhoons (tropical cyclones) that each wrecked a Mongol fleet attempting to invade Japan in 1274 and 1281. The storms destroyed most of the Mongol ...
- Kamil Pasa, Mehmed
- Turkish army officer who served four times as Ottoman grand vizier (chief minister). [1 Related Articles]
- Kamil, al-Malik al-
- sultan (from 1218) of the Ayyubid line, who ruled Egypt, Palestine, and Syria during the Fifth and Sixth crusades. [5 Related Articles]
- Kamil, Mustafa
- lawyer, journalist, and Egyptian nationalist who was a founder of the National Party. [2 Related Articles]
- Kamina
- town, southeastern Democratic Republic of the Congo. The town is an important centre on the Lubumbashi-Ilebo rail line at the junction of branch lines northward to Kindu and to Kalemie, ...
- Kaminaljuyu
- historic centre of the highland Maya, located near modern Guatemala City, Guat. The site was inhabited from the Formative Period (1500 BC-AD 100) until its decline after the Late Classic ... [3 Related Articles]
- Kaministiquia River
- river, western Ontario, Can. It rises in Dog Lake and, after a crooked course of 60 miles (95 km), empties into Thunder Bay, an arm of Lake Superior. It has ...
- Kaminska, Ida
- Polish-born Yiddish performer and theatre manager who achieved international stature. [1 Related Articles]
- Kaminski, Janusz
- (from the article "1993: Other Winners") Original Screenplay: Jane Campion for The PianoAdapted Screenplay: Steven Zaillian for Schindler's ListCinematography: Janusz Kaminski for Schindler's ListArt Direction: Allan Starski for Schindler's ListOriginal Score: John Williams for Schindler's ListOriginal ...
- Kamiokande II
- (from the article "Koshiba Masatoshi") In the 1980s Koshiba, drawing on the work done by Davis, constructed an underground neutrino detector in a zinc mine in Japan. Called Kamiokande II, it was an enormous water ...
- Kamion
- (from the article "Warsaw") ...within present urban limits have confirmed the existence of Stare Brodno, a small trading settlement of the 10th and early 11th centuries AD. Its functions were taken over successively by ...
- kamishimo
- (from the article "dress") Several centuries later the samurai adopted the kamishimo, a striking jumperlike garment, with extended shoulders and pleated skirt-trousers, which was worn over the hitatare. ...
- Kamitz, Reinhard
- (from the article "Austria") ...in the coalition government, which had been relatively strong under Figl's chancellorship, was reduced when the Austrian People's Party replaced Figl with Julius Raab in the spring of 1953 and ...
- kamiz
- (from the article "Pakistan") ...to those found in India. The shalwar-kamiz combination-a long knee-length shirt (kamiz, camise) over loose-fitting pants (shalwar)-is the ...
- Kamloops
- city, southern British Columbia, Canada. It lies astride the confluence of the North and South Thompson rivers near their expansion into Kamloops Lake and adjacent to the Kamloops Indian Reserve, ...
- kammatthana
- in Theravada Buddhist tradition, one of the objects of mental concentration or a stage of meditation employing it. According to Visuddhi-magga (a 5th-century CE Pali text by ... [1 Related Articles]
- Kammerer, Paul
- Austrian biologist who claimed to have produced experimental evidence that acquired traits could be inherited.
- Kammergericht
- (from the article "Reichskammergericht") ...abroad and was dissolved upon his death. When the emperor ceased to command respect around the 15th century, his court lost the confidence of his subjects and discontinued sittings after ...
- Kammerspiele
- (from the article "Reinhardt, Max") ...started a school. Purchasing a tavern next door, Reinhardt remodeled it into a small theatre for plays that needed intimacy with the audience. He summarized his new concept in theatre ...
- Kammerton
- (from the article "pitch") ...Parisian instrument makers, remodeled the entire woodwind family, using the Paris organ pitch of about a' = 415, or a semitone below a' = 440. This new, or Baroque, pitch, ...
- Kammu
- 50th emperor of Japan, who established the Japanese capital at Heian-kyo, where it remained until 1868. His accomplishments laid the basis for the Heian period (794-1185). [2 Related Articles]
- kammuri
- (from the article "dress") The sokutai ensemble begins with a cap-shaped headdress of black lacquered silk (the kammuri), which includes an upright pennon decorated with the imperial chrysanthemum ...
- Kammuri Mountains
- (from the article "Chugoku Range") ...between the Sea of Japan and the Inland Sea, broken only by the gorge of the Gono River in the west. The Gono River has been bordered by an important ...
- Kamo
- (from the article "Armenia") ...resulting from economic growth, particularly from the country's industrialization. Before the Russian Revolution, Armenia's four cities-Erevan (now Yerevan), Alexandropol (Gyumri), Kamo, and Goris-accounted for about one-tenth of the total population. ...
- Kamo
- (from the article "Kyoto") ...especially came to figure prominently between the 11th and 16th centuries, when warrior-monks from its Tendai Buddhist monastery complex frequently raided the city and influenced politics. The Kamo and Katsura ...
- Kamo Chomei
- poet and critic of Japanese vernacular poetry, one of the major figures in the history of Japanese poetics. He is best known as a classic example of the man of ... [1 Related Articles]
- Kamo Mabuchi
- one of the earliest advocates of Kokugaku ("National Learning"), a movement to restore the true Japanese spirit by a return to ancient traditions and culture. The movement was revived in ... [2 Related Articles]
- Kamose
- last king of the 17th dynasty (c. 1630-1540 BCE; see ancient Egypt: The Second Intermediate period) of ancient Egypt, who conducted hostilities against the Hyksos, the west Semitic settlers who ... [2 Related Articles]
- Kamouinia
- (from the article "Kairouan") ...Tell. Tradition holds that the town was founded in 670 by 'Uqbah ibn Nafi' (Sidi 'Uqbah), a companion of the Prophet Muhammad, on the site of the Byzantine fortress of ...
- Kamoypithecus
- (from the article "primate") ...led him to classify it in a separate family, Proconsulidae. Since the 1980s a number of other genera (Limnopithecus, Dendropithecus, Afropithecus, Kamoypithecus, and others) have been added to the family. ...
- Kamp, Peter van de
- (from the article "Milky Way Galaxy") The average components of the velocities of the local stellar neighbourhood also can be used to demonstrate the so-called stream motion. Calculations based on the Dutch-born American astronomer Peter van ...
- kampaku
- (Japanese: "white barrier"), in Japanese history, office of chief councillor or regent to an adult emperor. The post was created in the Heian period (794-1185) and was thereafter customarily held ... [4 Related Articles]
- Kampala
- capital and largest city of Uganda. It occupies a series of hills at an elevation of about 3,900 feet (1,190 metres) and is situated in the southern part of the ... [6 Related Articles]
- Kampan
- sometimes called the finest Tamil poet, whose principal achievement is the epic Iramavataram (Rama's Incarnation). [2 Related Articles]
- Kampen
- gemeente (municipality) and port, north-central Netherlands. It is situated on the southwest side of the IJssel River near its influx into Lake Ketel.
- kampf zone
- (from the article "tree") ...to the treeless condition is more commonly gradual. Initially in a closed, tightly spaced forest (forest line), the spacing between trees widens rapidly as tree height decreases (the kampf zone). ...
- Kampfer, Engelbert
- German traveler whose writings are a valuable source of information on 17th-century Iran and Japan.
- Kamphaeng Phet
- town, western Thailand. It lies along the Ping River and is an old walled settlement with notable ruins and temples and a museum. Rice cultivation is the main economic activity ...
- Kampil
- (from the article "Farrukhabad-cum-Fatehgarh") There are a number of ancient historic sites in the area. Nearby are the ruined tombs of former rulers. The town of Kampil, northwest of the municipality, is mentioned in ...
- Kampinos National Park
- (from the article "Principal national parks of the world") Kampinos National Park is one of Poland's largest national parks and is popular with tourists making day trips from Warsaw to hike among the park's primeval forests, sand dunes, and ...
- kampong
- (from the article "Javanese") The growth of large cities in Java has produced an urban proletariat, mostly of rural origin, who live in makeshift huts in enclosed neighbourhoods called kampongs. Javanese villages are compact ...
- Kampong Ayer
- (from the article "Brunei") ...the capital and largest urban centre. The city is located on the Brunei River about 9 miles (14 km) from its mouth on Brunei Bay. Adjacent to the modern section ...
- Kampong Cham
- town, south-central Cambodia. The town lies on the right bank of the Mekong River and is an important river port about 45 miles (75 km) northeast of Phnom Penh, the ...
- Kampong Chhnang
- town, central Cambodia. Kampong Chhnang is located just west of the Sab River and has port facilities. It is connected to Phnom Penh, the national capital, by a national highway ...
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