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Kopeysk ... Kosi River

Kopeysk: city, Chelyabinsk oblast (province), west central Russia, in the southern Urals. Founded in 1920, it became a city in 1933. It is one of the centres of lignite (brown coal) ...
Kopisch, August: German painter and poet known for his Gedichte (1836; "Poems") and Allerlei Geister (1848; "All Kinds of Spirits"), poetry based on legends and fairy tales and written with a simplicity ...
Kopit, Arthur: American playwright best known for Oh Dad, Poor Dad, Mama's Hung You in the Closet and I'm Feelin' So Sad (1960). Subtitled "a pseudoclassical tragifarce in a bastard French tradition," ...
Kopp, Hermann Franz Moritz: German chemist and historian of chemistry whose studies of the relation of physical properties to chemical structure pioneered physical organic chemistry.
Kopparberg: former lan (county) of central Sweden, centred on Lake Siljan. Founded as a county in 1647, it was renamed Dalarna county in 1997.
Koppen, Wladimir: German meteorologist and climatologist best known for his delineation and mapping of the climatic regions of the world. He played a major role in the advancement of climatology and meteorology ...
Koppers, Wilhelm: Roman Catholic priest and cultural anthropologist who advocated a comparative, historical approach to understanding cultural phenomena and whose investigations of hunting and food-gathering tribes produced theories on the origin and ...
Koprivnice: town, Severomoravsky kraj (region), eastern Czech Republic. It is the headquarters and manufacturing centre of the Tatra enterprises and is noted for the production of automobiles and trucks-many of the ...
Koprulu Fazil Ahmed Pasa: eldest son of Koprulu Mehmed Pasa and his successor as grand vizier (1661-76) under the Ottoman sultan Mehmed IV. His administration was marked by a succession of wars with Austria ...
Koprulu Fazil Mustafa Pasa: Ottoman vizier and then grand vizier (1689-91) who helped overthrow the sultan Mehmed IV but was himself killed in the disastrous Battle of Slankamen (1691).
Koprulu Mehmed Pasa: grand vizier (1656-61) under the Ottoman sultan Mehmed IV. He suppressed insurgents and rivals, reorganized the army, and defeated the Venetian fleet (1657), thereby restoring the central authority of the ...
Kops, Bernard: English playwright and novelist known for his works of unabashed sentimentality.
kora: long-necked harp lute of the Malinke people of western Africa. The instrument's body is composed of a long hardwood neck that passes through a calabash gourd resonator, itself covered by ...
Korais, Adamantios: humanist scholar, the father of Modern Greek literature, whose advocacy of a revived classicism laid the intellectual foundations for the Greek struggle for independence. His influence on the modern Greek ...
Koraput: town, southwestern Orissa state, eastern India. The town is located in the Eastern Ghats range just east-southeast of Jeypore and lies at an elevation of more than 3,000 feet (900 ...
Korbut, Olga Valentinovna: Soviet gymnast who won three gold medals at the 1972 Olympic Games in Munich, West Germany.
Korce: city, southeastern Albania. It began as a feudal estate in the 13th century, and in 1484 the local lord, Koja Mirahor Ilyas Bey, a Muslim convert active in the Ottoman ...
Korchnoi, Viktor: world chess champion contender who was one of the fiercest competitors in the history of chess. During his prime years, he was known as "Viktor the Terrible."
Korcula: island in the Adriatic Sea, on the Dalmatian coast, in Croatia. With an area of 107 square miles (276 square km), it has a hilly interior rising to 1,863 feet ...
Korda, Sir Alexander: Hungarian-born British motion-picture director and producer who made major contributions to the development of Britain's film industry.
Kordestan: geographic region, northwestern Iran. It is bounded by the Iranian region of Azerbaijan on the north, and it borders Iraq on the west.
Kordofan: region constituting the central area of The Sudan. It lies between Darfur on the west and the valley of the White Nile River on the east.
Kordofanian languages: a branch of the Niger-Congo language family that is geographically separated from the rest of the Niger-Congo languages and is believed to represent the oldest layer of languages in the ...
kore: type of freestanding statue of a maiden-the female counterpart of the kouros, or standing youth-that appeared with the beginning of Greek monumental sculpture in about 660 BC and remained to ...
Korea Bay: inlet that forms the northeastern arm of the Yellow Sea between the Liao-tung Peninsula (in Liaoning province), China, and western North Korea.
Korea Cold Current, North: surface oceanic current flowing southward east of Korea near Vladivostok, Russia. The North Korea Cold Current forms a small counterclockwise gyre in the Sea of Japan.
Korea Strait: passage of the northwest Pacific extending northeast from the East China Sea to the Sea of Japan (East Sea) between the south coast of the Korean peninsula (northwest) and the ...
Korea Warm Current, East: surface oceanic current, the northward-flowing branch of the Tsushima Current in the Sea of Japan. After flowing along the coast of Korea, the East Korea Warm Current turns eastward and ...
Korea, history of: history of the peninsula from prehistoric times to the 1953 armistice ending the Korean War. For later developments, see Korea, North, history of; and Korea, South, history of.
Korea, North: country in East Asia. It occupies the northern portion of the Korean peninsula, which juts out from the Asian mainland between the Sea of Japan (East Sea) and the Yellow ...
Korea, South: country in East Asia. It occupies the southern portion of the Korean peninsula. The country is bordered by the Democratic People's Republic of Korea (North Korea) to the north, the ...
Korean alphabet: alphabetic system used for writing the Korean language. See Hangul.
Korean language: language spoken by more than 72 million people, of whom 45 million live in South Korea and 24 million in North Korea. There are more than 2 million speakers in ...
Korean literature: the body of works written by Koreans, at first in classical Chinese, later in various transcription systems using Chinese characters, and finally in Hangul (Korean: han'gul; or ...
Korean Provisional Government: government in exile organized in April 1919 in Shanghai by Korean patriots. The provisional government was formed in reaction to Japanese suppression of the March 1st Movement, the struggle for ...
Korean War: conflict between the Democratic People's Republic of Korea (North Korea) and the Republic of Korea (South Korea) in which at least 2.5 million persons lost their lives. The war reached ...
Korfanty Line: Polish-German boundary in Upper Silesia, proposed by Wojciech Korfanty. The line was never accepted as the official border but provided a basis for compromise that made the post-World War I ...
Korfanty, Wojciech: political leader who played a major role in the national reawakening of the Poles of Upper Silesia and who led their struggle for independence from Germany.
korfball: game similar to netball and basketball, invented in 1901 by an Amsterdam schoolmaster, Nico Broekhuysen. It was first demonstrated in The Netherlands in 1902 and was played on an international ...
Korhogo: town, north central Cote d'Ivoire (Ivory Coast). The town's traditional founder was Nangui (Nengue), a 14th-century Senufo (Senoufo) patriarch from Kong. Modern Korhogo (Heritage) is the chief trade centre (corn ...
Korinthos: nomos (department), straddling the junction of southern continental Greece and the Peloponnese. With an area of 884 sq mi (2,289 sq km), it is indented by the Saronic Gulf (southeast) ...
Koriyama: city, Fukushima Prefecture (ken), Honshu, Japan, located at the junction of the Tohoku Line and the Ban-etsu Line (railways), north-northeast of Tokyo. It developed as an industrial and communications centre, ...
Korkino: city, Chelyabinsk oblast (province), west-central Russia, in the southern Urals. It is a centre of coal mining in the Chelyabinsk lignite (brown coal) basin; mining began in 1934, and the ...
Korku: tribal people of central India concentrated in the states of Maharashtra and Madhya Pradesh. At the end of the 20th century, they numbered about 560,000. However, poverty and restricted use ...
Kornberg, Arthur: American biochemist and physician who received (with Severo Ochoa) the 1959 Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine for discovering the means by which deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) molecules are duplicated in ...
Kornbluth, C.M.: American writer whose science-fiction stories reflect a dark, acerbic view of the future.
Korner, Theodor: German patriotic poet of the war of liberation against Napoleon in 1813 whose death in Lutzow's volunteer corps made him a popular hero.
Korner, Theodor: Austrian military officer during World War I and later a statesman who served as president of the second Austrian republic (1951-57).
Korner, Wilhelm: German organic chemist who in 1874 showed how to determine the relative positions of two substituents, such as methyl, on the benzene ring. For example, o-xylene forms two different mononitro ...
Korngold, Erich Wolfgang: American composer of Austro-Hungarian birth, best-known for his film music and the opera Die tote Stadt ("The Dead City").
Kornilov, Lavr Georgiyevich: Imperial Russian general, who was accused of attempting to overthrow the provisional government established in Russia after the February Revolution of 1917 and to replace it with a military dictatorship.
Koro Toro: site of paleoanthropological excavations in central Chad, best known for a fossilized fragment of a species of Australopithecus discovered there in 1995. The fossil, a fragment of ...
Korolenko, Vladimir Galaktionovich: Russian short-story writer and journalist whose works are memorable in showing compassion for the downtrodden.
Korolyov: city, Moscow oblast (province), Central federal district, western Russia. It lies just northeast of the city of Moscow. The area, known as Kalininsky, developed after 1928 as ...
Korolyov, Sergey Pavlovich: Soviet designer of guided missiles, rockets, and spacecraft.
Koror: one of the Caroline Islands, western Pacific; it lies just southwest of Babelthuap island. Koror city serves as the provisional capital of Palau while a new capital is being constructed ...
Korosec, Anton: Slovene political leader who helped to found the Yugoslav nation after World War I and briefly served as prime minister in 1928.
Korosten: ', city, Zhitomir oblast (province), north-central Ukraine. It lies along the west bank of the Uzh River about 80 miles (130 km) northwest of Kiev. The city, which was incorporated ...
Korsakoff syndrome: neurological disorder characterized by severe amnesia (memory loss). Many cases result from severe chronic alcoholism, while others are due to a variety of brain disorders, severe head injury, or a ...
Korsakov: city, Sakhalin oblast (province), far eastern Russia. It lies in the southern part of Sakhalin Island on the Aniva Gulf. Founded in 1853 as a fortified post, it was the ...
Kortner, Fritz: famous stage and film actor of the 1920s German avant-garde who, after his return from exile in 1949, revitalized German theatre with his innovative concepts in staging and direction. He ...
Kortrijk: municipality, West Flanders province, western Belgium. It lies along the Leie (Lys) River and the Leie-Scheldt Canal. The Roman settlement of Cortracum was established there, and in the 7th century ...
korwar style: type of carving of northwest New Guinea, particularly the Geelvink Channel region, in which bold, angular lines contrast with delicate, curvilinear, organic forms in the same piece of sculpture. The ...
Koryak: autonomous okrug (district), Kamchatka oblast (province), far eastern Russia. It occupies the northern half of the Kamchatka Peninsula, the southern end of the Koryak Mountains, and the Penzhina Basin. The ...
Koryak: indigenous people of the Russian Far East, numbering about 7,900 in the late 20th century and living mostly in the Koryak autonomous okrug (district) of the northern Kamchatka Peninsula. The ...
Koryo Dynasty: dynasty that ruled the Korean peninsula as the Koryo kingdom from 935 to 1392. During this period the country began to form its own cultural tradition distinct from the rest ...
Korzybski, Alfred: Polish-born American scientist and philosopher.
Kosala: ancient kingdom of northern India, roughly corresponding to the historical region of Oudh, in what is now south-central Uttar Pradesh state. Kosala extended across both banks of the Sarayu (modern ...
Kosciusko, Mount: Australia's highest peak, at 7,310 feet (2,228 m). It lies in the Snowy Mountains of the Australian Alps, in southeastern New South Wales, 240 miles (390 km) southwest of Sydney. ...
Kosciuszko, Tadeusz: Polish army officer and statesman who gained fame both for his role in the American Revolution and for his leadership of a national insurrection in his homeland.
Kose Kanaoka: first major secular artist in Japan. Information concerning his life and works is sketchy, and his last documented painting was destroyed by fire in the 17th century.
Kosem Sultan: Ottoman sultana, said to have been of Greek origin and beautiful when young, who exercised a strong influence on Ottoman politics for half a century, first as the wife of ...
kosher: ("fit," or "proper"), in Judaism, the fitness of an object for ritual purposes. Though generally applied to foods that meet the requirements of the dietary laws (kashruth), kosher is also ...
Koshiba Masatoshi: Japanese physicist who, with Raymond Davis, Jr., won the Nobel Prize for Physics in 2002 for their detection of neutrinos. Riccardo Giacconi also won a share of the award for ...
Koshigaya: city, Saitama ken (prefecture), Honshu, Japan. It lies on the alluvial plain of the Naka and Edo rivers. The city was a post town and marketplace until ...
Kosi River: river in Nepal and northern India. With its tributaries, the Kosi drains the eastern third of Nepal and part of Tibet, including the country around Mount Everest. Some of its ...