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Kizel ... Kluckhohn, Clyde K M

Kizel: city, Perm oblast (province), west-central Russia. It lies on the western slope of the Ural Mountains, along the Kizel River. Founded in 1788, it developed in the 1890s following the ...
Kizer, Carolyn: American poet whose work reflects her involvement in feminist and human rights activities. She was awarded the Pulitzer Prize for poetry in 1985 for her collection Yin: New Poems (1984).
Kizhi Island: island in Lake Onega, Karelia republic, northwestern Russia. The island, whose name originates from kizharsuari ("island of games"), was located on the important 14th-century trade route from the town of ...
Kizil Adalar: group of nine islands (adalar) in the Sea of Marmara a few miles southeast of Istanbul; they are part of Turkey. There are permanent inhabitants on the smallest island, Sedef ...
Kizil River: river, the longest wholly within Turkey. It rises in the Kizil Mountains (kizil, "red") in north-central Anatolia at an elevation of about 6,500 feet (1,980 m) and flows southwest, past ...
Kizilbash: ("Red Head"), any member of the seven Turkmen tribes who wore red caps to signify their support of the founders of the Safavid dynasty (1501-1736) in Iran. The name was ...
Kizzuwadna: Hurrian kingdom of southeastern Anatolia near the Gulf of Iskenderun in present-day Turkey. Kizzuwadna concluded a treaty with the Hittite kingdom in the late 16th century BC and remained a ...
Kjeldahl method: in analytical chemistry, procedure widely used for estimating the nitrogen content of foodstuffs, fertilizers, and other substances, invented in 1883 by a Danish chemist, Johan G.C.T. Kjeldahl. The method consists ...
Kjellen, Rudolf: Swedish political scientist and politician whose conservative theory of the state was influential beyond the borders of Sweden.
klaberjass: two-player trick-taking card game, of Dutch origin but especially popular in Hungary (as klob) and in Jewish communities throughout the world. From it derives belote, the French national card game.
Klabund: Expressionist poet, playwright, and novelist who influenced German literature with his adaptations of Oriental literature. Notable among his free, imaginative renderings of Chinese, Japanese, and Persian literature are Li-tai-pe (1916), ...
Kladno: mining city, Stredocesky kraj (region), Czech Republic, northwest of Prague. The two original forest villages of Kladno and Bustehrad developed after 1842 as the industrial centre of the Kladno hard-coal ...
Klafsky, Katharina: Hungarian dramatic soprano known for her interpretations of roles in Richard Wagner's operas.
Klagenfurt: city, capital of Karnten Bundesland (federal state), southern Austria. It lies along the Glan River in a basin east of Worther Lake and north of the Karawanken Mountains. Founded in ...
Klages, Ludwig: German psychologist and philosopher, distinguished in the field of characterology. He was also a founder of modern graphology (handwriting analysis).
Klaipeda: city and port, Lithuania. It lies on the narrow channel by which the Courland Lagoon and Neman (Lithuanian: Nemunas; German: Memel) River connect with the Baltic Sea. Beside a small ...
Klaj, Johann: German poet who helped make mid-17th-century Nurnberg a centre of German literature.
Klamath Falls: city, seat (1882) of Klamath county, southern Oregon, U.S. It lies at the southern end of Upper Klamath Lake, in the foothills of the Cascade Range. Once the territory of ...
Klamath Mountains: segment of the Pacific mountain system (q.v.) of western North America. The range extends southward for about 250 miles (400 km) from the foothills south of the Willamette Valley in ...
Klamath River: river rising in Upper Klamath Lake just above Klamath Falls, Ore., U.S. It flows south for 1.25 miles (2 km) as the Link River to Lake Ewauna, where it emerges ...
Klammer, Franz: Austrian Alpine skier who specialized in the downhill event, winning 25 World Cup downhill races in his career. He won the gold medal in the downhill event at the 1976 ...
Klang: city and port, west-central Peninsular (West) Malaysia. It lies on the Kelang River and the 40-mile (64-km) Kuala Lumpur-Port Kelang railway. The city is an administrative centre of a rubber- ...
Klapka, Gyorgy: soldier and Hungarian nationalist, one of the leaders in the revolutionary war of 1848-49.
Klaproth, Heinrich Julius: German Orientalist and explorer whose major work, Asia polyglotta nebst Sprachatlas (1823; "Asia Polyglotta with Language Atlas"), is one of the important early surveys of Oriental languages, notably the Caucasian ...
Klaproth, Martin Heinrich: German chemist who discovered uranium (1789), zirconium (1789), and cerium (1803). He described them as distinct elements, though he did not obtain them in the pure metallic state.
Klarsfeld, Beate and Serge: wife-and-husband team resident in Paris, internationally noted for their anti-Nazi and pro-Israel activities.
Klasies: site of paleoanthropological excavations carried out since the late 1960s within a complex of South African coastal caves. Usually referred to as Klasies River Mouth, the site has yielded some ...
Klaus, Karl Karlovich: Russian chemist (of German origin) credited with the discovery of ruthenium in 1844.
Kle: town, western Liberia. It is a traditional trading centre among the Gola people. The B.F. Goodrich Company, Liberia, Inc., established a plantation, hospital, power plant, housing, schools, and roads to ...
Kleber, Jean-Baptiste: French general of the Revolutionary wars who suppressed the counterrevolutionary uprising in the Vendee area of western France in 1793. He later played a prominent role in Napoleon Bonaparte's Egyptian ...
Klebs, Edwin: German physician and bacteriologist noted for his work on the bacterial theory of infection. With Friedrich August Johannes Loffler in 1884, he discovered the diphtheria bacillus, known as the Klebs-Loffler ...
Klebsiella: genus of rod-shaped bacteria of the family Enterobacteriaceae. Klebsiella organisms are categorized microbiologically as gram-negative, facultative anaerobic, nonmotile bacteria. Klebsiella pneumoniae, also called Friedlander's bacillus, can infect the human respiratory ...
Klee, Paul: Swiss painter who was one of the foremost artists of the 20th century.
Kleene, Stephen Cole: American mathematician and logician whose work on recursion theory helped lay the foundations of theoretical computer science.
Kleiber, Erich: Austrian conductor who performed many 20th-century works but was especially known for his performances of works by W.A. Mozart, Ludwig van Beethoven, Richard Wagner, and Richard Strauss and for his ...
Klein bottle: topological space, named for the German mathematician Felix Klein, obtained by identifying two ends of a cylindrical surface in the direction opposite that is necessary to obtain a torus. The ...
Klein, A.M.: Canadian poet whose verse reflects his strong involvement with Jewish culture and history. He was a member of the Montreal group, a coterie of poets who broke with the tradition ...
Klein, Calvin: American fashion designer noted for his womenswear, menswear, cosmetics, bed and bath linens, and other designer collections.
Klein, Felix: German mathematician whose unified view of geometry as the study of the properties of a space that are invariant under a given group of transformations, known as the
Klein, Lawrence Robert: American economist whose work in developing macroeconometric models for national, regional, and world economies won him the 1980 Nobel Prize for Economics.
Klein, Melanie: nee Reizes Austrian-born British psychoanalyst known for her work with young children, in which observations of free play provided insights into the child's unconscious fantasy life, enabling her to psychoanalyze ...
Kleinmeister: group of engravers, working mostly in Nurnberg in the second quarter of the 16th century, whose forms and subjects were influenced by the works of Albrecht Durer. Their engravings were ...
Kleist, E Georg von: German administrator and cleric who discovered (1745) the Leyden jar, a fundamental electric circuit element for storing electricity, now usually referred to as a capacitor. The device was independently discovered ...
Kleist, Ewald Christian von: German lyric poet best known for his long poem Der Fruhling, which, with its realistically observed details of nature, contributed to the development of a new poetic style.
Kleist, Heinrich von: the first of the great German dramatists of the 19th century. Poets of the Realist, Expressionist, Nationalist, and Existentialist movements in France and Germany all saw their prototype in Kleist, ...
Kleist, Paul Ludwig von: German general during World War II.
Klem, Bill: American professional baseball umpire of the National League who is considered by many the greatest umpire of all time. Klem is credited with the introduction of hand and arm signals ...
Klemm, Gustav Friedrich: German anthropologist who developed the concept of culture and is thought to have influenced the prominent English anthropologist Sir Edward Burnett Tylor. Klemm spent most of his life as director ...
Klemperer, Otto: one of the outstanding German conductors of his time.
Klenze, Leo von: German architect who was one of the most important figures associated with Neoclassicism in Germany.
kleptomania: recurrent compulsion to steal without regard to the value or use of the objects stolen. Although widely known and sometimes used as an attempted legal defense by arrested thieves, genuine ...
Klerksdorp: town and principal centre of the Klerksdorp-area goldfields, North-West province, South Africa. It lies approximately 80 miles (130 km) southwest of Johannesburg. The "old town," which was founded in 1837 ...
Klesl, Melchior: Austrian statesman, bishop of Vienna and later a cardinal, who tried to promote religious toleration during the Counter-Reformation in Austria. Converted from Protestantism by the Jesuits, he became an outstanding ...
Kleve: city, North Rhine-Westphalia Land (state), western Germany. It lies northwest of Dusseldorf, less than 5 miles (8 km) south of the Dutch border. It is connected with ...
Klima, Ivan: Czech author whose fiction and plays were long banned by his country's communist rulers.
Klimt, Gustav: Austrian painter and founder of the school of painting known as the Vienna Sezession.
Klin: city, Moscow oblast (province), western Russia. First documented in 1234, it was for long a fort between the principalities of Moscow and Tver. In the 18th century, after a period ...
Kline, Franz: American artist who was one of the leading painters of the post-World War II Abstract Expressionist movement.
Klinefelter's syndrome: relatively common (one per 500 live male births) human sex-chromosome disorder. It is characterized by the following: small testes, lack of sperm formation, late puberty with reduced secondary sexual characteristics ...
Klinger, Friedrich Maximilian von: dramatist and novelist, a representative of the German literary revolt against rationalism in favour of emotionalism known as the Sturm und Drang (q.v.) movement. Indeed, it took its name from ...
Klinger, Max: German painter, sculptor, and engraver, whose art of symbol, fantasy, and dreamlike situations belonged to the growing late 19th-century awareness of the subtleties of the mind. Klinger's visionary art has ...
Klint, Kaare: Danish architect and celebrated furniture designer who originated the highly influential modern Scandinavian style, which notably enlarged the vocabulary of progressive design. He was also a leading exponent of ergonomics, ...
klipspringer: (Oreotragus oreotragus), surefooted African antelope, family Bovidae (order Artiodactyla), inhabiting rocky heights north to Ethiopia and Nigeria. The klipspringer stands about 55 centimetres (22 inches) at the shoulder. It has ...
klismos: light, elegant chair developed by the ancient Greeks. Perfected by the 5th century BC and popular throughout the 4th century BC, the klismos had four curving, splayed legs and curved ...
Klitzing, Klaus von: German physicist who was awarded the Nobel Prize for Physics in 1985 for his discovery that under appropriate conditions the resistance offered by an electrical conductor is quantized; that is, ...
KLM: Dutch airline founded on October 7, 1919, and flying its first scheduled service, between Amsterdam and London, on May 17, 1920. It is the world's oldest continuously operating airline. Headquarters ...
Klochkova, Yana: Ukrainian swimmer, who in 2004 became the first woman to win consecutive pairs of Olympic gold medals in the same events-the 200-metre and 400-metre individual medleys. Known as the "Medley ...
Klodzko: city, Dolnoslaskie wojewodztwo (province), southwestern Poland, in the Sudety (Sudeten) mountains on both sides of the Nysa Klodzka River. A Polish frontier settlement existed there from the ...
Klondike River: tributary of the Yukon River, in western Yukon Territory, Canada. With its major tributary, the North Klondike, it rises in the Ogilvie Mountains and flows westward for 100 mi (160 ...
Klonowic, Sebastian: Polish poet whose work in Latin and Polish is valuable chiefly as cultural history.
Kloos, Willem: Dutch poet and critic who was the driving intellectual force of the 1880 Dutch literary revival and the cofounder and mainstay of its periodical, De nieuwe gids ("The New Guide"). ...
Klopstock, Friedrich Gottlieb: German epic and lyric poet whose subjective vision marked a break with the rationalism that had dominated German literature in the early 18th century.
Klosterneuburg: town, Bundesland Niederosterreich (federal state of Lower Austria), northeastern Austria. It lies on the west bank of the Danube River at the foot of the Leopoldsberg (1,394 feet [425 m]) ...
Kluane National Park and Reserve: national park in southwestern Yukon Territory, Canada. The park is a vast mountain wilderness area with extensive ice fields, located 98 miles (158 km) west of Whitehorse. It borders the ...
Kluck, Alexander von: German general who, in World War I, commanded the 1st Army in the German offensive against Paris at the beginning of the war.
Kluckhohn, Clyde K M: American professor of anthropology at Harvard University, who contributed to anthropology in a number of ways: by his ethnographic studies of the Navajo; by his theories of culture, partial-value systems, ...