foremost of the Indian Maharashtrian mystical poets, author of the highly acclaimed Jnanesvari, a commentary in Marathi verse on the Bhagavadgita ("The Lord's Song").
large marsh lying mostly in north-central Szechwan sheng (province), China. It lies on the Tsinghai-Tibet plateau and extends across the border of Szechwan into southeastern Tsinghai province. It occupies 1,000 ...
in the Old Testament (2 Samuel), a Jewish military commander under King David, who was his mother's brother. He led the commando party that captured Jerusalem for David and as ...
elector of Brandenburg, an opponent of the Habsburg emperors, yet a devout Roman Catholic who prevented the spread of Protestantism in his lands during his lifetime.
elector of Brandenburg who, while supporting the Holy Roman emperor, tolerated the Reformation in his lands and resisted imperial efforts at re-Catholicization.
Italian mystic, theologian, biblical commentator, philosopher of history, and founder of the monastic order of San Giovanni in Fiore. He developed a philosophy of history according to which history develops ...
British philosopher, author, teacher, and radio personality. He was one of Britain's most colourful and controversial intellectual figures of the 1940s. A pacifist and an agnostic until the last years ...
queen of Castile (from 1504) and of Aragon (from 1516), though power was exercised for her by her husband, Philip I, her father, Ferdinand II, and her son, the emperor ...
countess of Provence and queen of Naples (1343-82) who defended her claim as well as that of the house of Anjou to the throne of Naples, only to lose it ...
queen of Naples whose long reign (1414-35) was marked by a succession of love affairs, by continual intrigues, and by power struggles over her domain between the French house of ...
national heroine of France, a peasant girl who, believing that she was acting under divine guidance, led the French army in a momentous victory at Orleans that repulsed an English ...
legendary female pontiff who supposedly reigned, under the title of John VIII, for slightly more than 25 months, from 855 to 858, between the pontificates of Leo IV (847-855) and ...
port city and capital, Paraiba estado ("state"), northeastern Brazil. It is situated at 148 feet (45 m) above sea level, on the right bank of the Paraiba do Norte River, ...
(species Coix lacryma-jobi), leafy, jointed-stemmed annual grass of the family Poaceae, native to tropical Asia and naturalized in North America. It is 1 to 3 m (3 to nearly 10 ...
book of Hebrew scripture that is often counted among the masterpieces of world literature. It is found in the third section of the biblical canon known as the Ketuvim ("Writings"). ...
Brazilian songwriter and composer who transformed the extroverted rhythms of the Brazilian samba into an intimate music, the bossa nova ("new wrinkle" or "new wave"), which became internationally popular in ...
margrave of Moravia and Brandenburg and for 15 weeks German king (1410-11), who, by his political and military machinations in east-central Europe, played a powerful role in the political life ...
Icelandic poet, translator, journalist, dramatist, and editor whose versatility, intellectual integrity, and rich humanity established him as a national figure.
supreme authority in control of horse racing and breeding in Great Britain, formed about 1750 to regulate racing at Newmarket, Suffolk, and support the sport generally. Its Turf Board, consisting ...
French dramatist and poet, one of the seven members of the literary circle known as La Pleiade, who applied the aesthetic principles of the group to drama.
city, administrative headquarters of Jodhpur district, Rajasthan state, northwestern India. It was founded in 1459 by Rao Jodha, a Rajput (one of the warrior rulers of the historic region of ...
(Japanese: Way to the Pure Land), devotional sect of Japanese Buddhism stressing faith in the Buddha Amida and heavenly reward. See Pure Land Buddhism.
location of one of the world's largestfully steerable radio telescopes, which has a reflector that measures 76 metres(250 feet) in diameter. The telescope is located with other smaller radio telescopes ...
(1232), in Japanese history, administrative code of the Kamakura shogunate (central military government) by which it pledged just and impartial administration of law to its vassal subjects. The shikimoku, or ...
second of 12 Old Testament books that bear the names of the Minor Prophets. The Jewish canon lumps all together as The Twelve and divides Joel into four chapters; Christian ...
city, southeastern Finland, at the mouth of the Pielis River, southeast of Kuopio. Chartered in 1848, the city is a rail junction and centre for lumber shipment and has connections ...
cataract of the Sharavati River, western Karnataka state, southwestern India. The Jog Falls are located 18 miles (29 km) upstream from Honavar at the river's mouth on the Arabian Sea. ...
Japanese sculptural style of the Early Heian period (794-897). Works of Buddhist sculpture are the most numerous monuments of the period. The figures are columnar icons, erect, symmetrical, and perfectly ...
form of running at an easy pace, particularly popular from the 1960s in the United States. There, an estimated 7,000,000 to 10,000,000 joggers sought fitness, weight loss, grace, physical fulfillment, ...
Palestinian Jewish sage, founder of an academy and an authoritative rabbinic body at Jamnia, who had a decisive influence on the continuance and development of traditional Judaism after the destruction ...
Bohemian author of the remarkable dialogue Der Ackermann aus Bohmen (c. 1400; Death and the Ploughman), the first important prose work in the German ...
Danish botanist and geneticist whose experiments in plant heredity offered strong support to the mutation theory of the Dutch botanist Hugo de Vries (that changes in heredity come about through ...
silicate mineral in the pyroxene family. It has a molecular formula of Ca(Mn,Fe)Si2O6. A calcium-manganese-iron silicate mineral, johannsenite is produced either by metamorphic processes in altered limestones or is associated ...
Swedish-born ballet dancer and principal teacher at the Imperial Ballet School in St. Petersburg, who made a fundamental contribution to the development of the Russian style of classical ballet.
margrave of Brandenburg-Kustrin and a German Protestant ruler who remained loyal to the Catholic Habsburg emperors; he fought against his fellow Protestant princes and was conspicuously successful in the government ...
king of Bohemia from 1310 until his death, and one of the more popular heroic figures of his day, who campaigned across Europe from Toulouse to Prussia.
nonexistent pope. A confusion in the numbering of popes named John after John XIV resulted because Marianus Scotus and other 11th-century historians mistakenly believed that there had been a pope ...
elector of Saxony and a fervent supporter of Martin Luther; he took a leading part in forming alliances among Germany's Protestant princes against the Habsburg emperors' attempts at forced reconversion.
king of Denmark (1481-1513) and Norway (1483-1513) and king (as John II) of Sweden (1497-1501) who failed in his efforts to incorporate Sweden into a Danish-dominated Scandinavian union. He was ...
king of England from 1199 to 1216. In a war with the French king Philip II, he lost Normandy and almost all his other possessions in France. In England, after ...
king of Saxony (1854-73) who was passionately interested in law and in the arts. Under the name Philalethes he published a translation of Dante's Divine Comedy (1839-49).
mapmaking and publishing company of the United Kingdom, located in Edinburgh and specializing in the use of hypsometric (layer) colouring in relief maps. The company was established in 1826 by ...
private organization founded in the United States on Dec. 9, 1958, by Robert H.W. Welch, Jr. (1899-1985), a retired Boston candy manufacturer, for the purpose of combating Communism and promoting ...
in literature and political caricature, a conventional personification of England or of English character. Bull was invented by the Scottish mathematician and physician John Arbuthnot as a character in an ...
private, coeducational institution of higher learning in University Heights, Ohio, U.S. It is affiliated with the Jesuit order of the Roman Catholic church. The university comprises the College of Arts ...
Byzantine monk and author of Climax tou paradeisou (Greek: "The Ladder of Divine Ascent," the source of his name "John of the Ladder"), a handbook on the ascetical and mystical ...
city, Grant county, northeast-central Oregon, U.S., situated at the confluence of John Day River and Canyon Creek, near the Strawberry Mountain Wilderness Area. (The North Fork of the John Day ...
Ernestine duke of Saxony, or Saxe-Coburg-Eisenach, whose attempts to regain the electoral dignity, lost by his father to the rival Albertine branch of the House of Wettin, led to his ...
