| | - Inisa
- town, Oyo state, southwestern Nigeria, near a station on the railroad from Lagos, some 135 miles (215 km) to the southwest. Situated on the road from Ikirun to Offa and ...
- Inisheer
- (from the article "Aran Islands") three limestone islands-Inishmore, Inishmaan, and Inisheer-comprising 18 square miles (47 square km) and lying across the mouth of Galway Bay on the west coast of Ireland. They are administratively part ...
- Inishmaan
- (from the article "Aran Islands") three limestone islands-Inishmore, Inishmaan, and Inisheer-comprising 18 square miles (47 square km) and lying across the mouth of Galway Bay on the west coast of Ireland. They are administratively part ...
- Inishmore
- (from the article "Aran Islands") three limestone islands-Inishmore, Inishmaan, and Inisheer-comprising 18 square miles (47 square km) and lying across the mouth of Galway Bay on the west coast of Ireland. They are administratively part ...
- initial
- (from the article "angiosperm") ...(vegetative) activities, such as metabolism, respiration, and storage, occur. The areas of dividing cells, essentially permanently embryonic tissue, are called meristems, and their cells are termed initials. In the embryo ...
- initial caesura
- (from the article "caesura") ...and Neoclassical verse, the caesura occurs most frequently in the middle of the line (medial caesura), but in modern verse its place is flexible; it may occur near the beginning ...
- Initial Period
- (from the article "pre-Columbian civilizations") The next epoch, called the Initial Period by the American scholar John H. Rowe, and the Lower Formative by the Peruvian archaeologist Luis G. Lumbreras, began with the introduction of ...
- initial public offering
- (from the article "Economic Affairs") Between a relatively thin calendar of initial public offerings (IPOs) and a steady stream of mergers and acquisitions taking companies off the market, the number of securities traded on the ...
- initial radiation
- (from the article "nuclear weapon") A special feature of a nuclear explosion is the emission of nuclear radiation, which may be separated into initial radiation and residual radiation. Initial radiation, also known as prompt radiation, ...
- Initial Teaching Alphabet
- alphabet of 44 characters designed by Sir James Pitman to help children learn to read English more effectively. The Initial Teaching Alphabet is based on the phonemic (sound) system of ... [1 Related Articles]
- initial value
- (from the article "parabolic equation") ...of problem, the initial temperature distribution along the rod and the manner in which the temperature at the ends of the rod is changing must also be known. These additional ...
- initial value problem
- (from the article "numerical analysis") ...equation has a solution at a discrete set of points, and this solution approximates that of the original equation. Such numerical procedures are often called finite difference methods. Most initial ...
- initialism
- (from the article "abbreviation") Acronyms are to be distinguished from initialisms such as U.S.A. and NCAA, which are spoken by reciting their letters.
- initiation
- (from the article "cancer") Experiments with chemical compounds demonstrate that the induction of tumours involves two clear steps: initiation and promotion. Initiation is characterized by permanent, heritable damage to a cell's DNA. A chemical ...
- initiation
- (from the article "chain reaction") A chemical chain reaction proceeds by a sequence generally subdivided into three stages: (1) Initiation, in which a reactive intermediate, which may be an atom, an ion, or a neutral ...
- initiation rite
- (from the article "education") ...in some cultures is strictly standardized and regulated. The teaching personnel may consist of fully initiated men, often unknown to the initiate though they are his relatives in other clans. ...
- initiative
- (from the article "chess") ...games, pawns and knights played minor roles. Pawns were often sacrificed so that the queen, rooks, and bishops could join the attack as soon as possible. The first priority for ...
- initiative
- (from the article "referendum and initiative") electoral devices by which voters may express their wishes with regard to government policy or proposed legislation. They exist in a variety of forms.elections
- initiator
- a source of any chemical species that reacts with a monomer (single molecule that can form chemical bonds) to form an intermediate compound capable of linking successively with a large ...
- Injannashi
- (from the article "Mongolian literature") ...novels of enchantment and romance, including the San-kuo yen-i ("Romance of the Three Kingdoms") and others. A great Mongol novelist and poet of the mid-19th century was Injannashi, his most ...
- injection
- (from the article "therapeutics") Progestins combined with estrogens comprise the oral contraceptives that inhibit ovulation by affecting the hypothalamus and pituitary. Progestin-only pills and injections are also effective contraceptives that work by forming a ...
- injection molding
- (from the article "advanced ceramics") Injection molding, commonly employed in polymer processing, also is employed for advanced ceramics. In injection molding a ceramic mix is forced through a heated tubular barrel by action of a ...
- injector
- (from the article "rocket") The liquid-propellant engine itself consists of a main chamber for mixing and burning the fuel and oxidizer, with the fore end occupied by fuel and oxidizer manifolds and injectors and ...
- Injuid
- (from the article "Iran") ...Buzurg (the Tall) of the Jalayirids, who set up the Jalayirid dynasty over Iraq, Kurdistan, and Azerbaijan; it lasted from 1336 to 1432. In Fars, Il-Khanid agents, the Injuids, after ...
- injunction
- in civil proceedings, order of a court requiring a party to do or not to do a specified act or acts. [1 Related Articles]
- injury
- (from the article "tort") ...injurer. The welfare state, however, is now the main source of accident compensation. But even where tort law plays a major compensatory role-for example, in the most serious cases of ...
- ink
- (from the article "cephalopod") ...the eggs are left uncared-for. Squids that attach their eggs to the bottom engulf them in a gelatinous mass that protects them from disease and deters predators. Cuttlefishes squirt their ...
- ink
- (from the article "conductive ceramics") ...materials have overlapping electron energy bands and are therefore excellent electronic conductors. They are used as "inks" for screen printing resistors into thick-film microcircuits. Inks are pulverized conductor and glaze ...
- ink
- fluid or paste of various colours, but usually black or dark blue, used for writing and printing. It is composed of a pigment or dye dissolved or dispersed in a ... [20 Related Articles]
- ink sac
- (from the article "cephalopod") ...the Octopoda the esophagus may be expanded to form a crop, while in the deep-sea Cirrata the radula may be degenerate or lacking. Except in Nautilus and certain deep-sea Octopoda ...
- Ink Spots, the
- American vocal group prominent in the late 1930s and '40s. One of the first African-American groups, along with the Mills Brothers, to reach both black and white audiences, the Ink ... [1 Related Articles]
- ink-jet printer
- (from the article "cybercrime") ...usually do not own, such as printing presses, engraving plates, and special inks. The advent of inexpensive, high-quality colour copiers and printers has brought counterfeiting to the masses. Ink-jet printers ...
- Inkatha Freedom Party
- black political movement in South Africa that derives its main support from the Zulu people. Inkatha was founded in 1975 in the black homeland of KwaZulu by Mangosuthu Gatsha Buthelezi, ... [8 Related Articles]
- inkblot test
- any of a number of psychological tests in which a person is asked to interpret ambiguous patterns made by inkblots; the best-known of these is the Rorschach test. [1 Related Articles]
- Inkerman, Battle of
- (from the article "Clyde (of Clydesdale), Colin Campbell, Baron") ...in British Guiana), and in the Opium War against China in 1842. Knighted for his service in the Second Sikh War of 1848-49, he commanded with distinction in the Crimean ...
- inkstand
- receptacle for a pen, ink, and other writing accessories. In England such a utensil was called a standish from the 15th to the 18th century. Inkstands were made of silver, ...
- Inkster, Juli
- On Sept. 26, 1999, American golfer Juli Inkster became the 17th member of the Ladies' Professional Golf Association Hall of Fame when she won the Safeway LPGA Golf Championship by ...
- inky cap
- any member of a group of about 350 cosmopolitan mushroom species belonging to the order Agaricales (phylum Basidiomycota, kingdom Fungi) named for the disintegration of the mushroom cap into an ... [1 Related Articles]
- inlaid celadon
- (from the article "arts, East Asian") The next 100 years, from 1150 to 1250, is the period of inlaid celadon ware. The technique of inlay on celadon is generally believed to have been invented about the ...
- Inland Great Nicobar languages
- (from the article "Nicobarese languages") ...and Bompaka languages; Central Nicobar, including the Camorta, Nancowry, Trinkat, and Katchall languages; South Nicobar, including the Coastal Great Nicobar and the Little Nicobar languages; and Inland Great Nicobar, including ...
- Inland Kaikouras
- (from the article "Kaikoura Range") ...twin mountain chains, South Island, New Zealand, paralleling the island's northeastern coast for 60 miles (100 km). The name, meaning "to eat crayfish," has its origin in Maori myth. The ...
- inland marine insurance
- (from the article "insurance") Although there are no standard forms in inland marine insurance, most contracts follow a typical pattern. They are usually written on a named-peril basis covering such perils of transportation as ...
- Inland Northern American
- (from the article "English language") ...Received Pronunciation, as defined above, and a variety of American English, such as Inland Northern (the speech form of western New England and its derivatives, often popularly referred to as ...
- Inland Sea
- the body of water lying between the Japanese islands of Honshu, Shikoku, and Kyushu. It is composed of five distinct basins linked together by channels. Its east-west length is about ... [2 Related Articles]
- inland water body
- (from the article "inland water ecosystem") Inland waters represent parts of the biosphere within which marked biological diversity, complex biogeochemical pathways, and an array of energetic processes occur. Although from a geographic perspective inland waters represent ...
- inland water ecosystem
- complex of living organisms in free water on continental landmasses.
- inlay
- in the visual arts, any decorative technique used to create an ornamental design, pattern, or scene by inserting or setting into a shallow or depressed ground or surface a material ... [12 Related Articles]
- Inle Lake
- (from the article "Myanmar") ...in the northern hills, runs some 15 miles (24 km) from north to south and 8 miles (13 km) from east to west; it is one of the largest natural ...
- Inman, (Frederick) John
- British actor and comedian delighted audiences on three continents with his campy portrayal of Grace Brothers' senior sales assistant Wilberforce Clayborne Humphries in all 69 episodes of the BBC ...
- Inman, Henry
- the leading American portraitist of his time.
- inn
- building that affords public lodging, and sometimes meals and entertainment, to travelers. The inn has been largely superseded by hotels and motels, though the term is often still used to ... [1 Related Articles]
- Inn River
- a major right- (south-) bank tributary of the Danube River. The Inn River is 317 miles (510 km) long. It rises in Lake Lughino in Switzerland and flows northeast across ... [2 Related Articles]
- Innamincka Regime
- (from the article "Australia") During Phanerozoic times, Australia has been marked by three regimes: Uluru (543 to 320 million years ago), Innamincka (320 to 97 million years ago), and Potoroo (the past 97 million ...
- innate idea
- in philosophy, an idea allegedly inborn in the human mind, as contrasted with those received or compiled from experience. The doctrine that at least certain ideas (e.g., those of God, ... [10 Related Articles]
- innate reflex
- (from the article "infancy") ...typically sleep for about 16-18 hours a day, but the total amount of time spent sleeping gradually decreases to about 9-12 hours a day by age two years. At birth ...
- innate releasing mechanism
- (from the article "animal behaviour") ...system by a so-called releasing mechanism (RM) and are responsible for triggering the specific motor response appropriate to the stimulus. If the releasing mechanism is innate, it is termed an ...
- innate releasing mechanism experience
- (from the article "animal behaviour") ...an IRM. If it is acquired through individual experience, it is termed an ARM. Some innate releasing mechanisms may be modified as a result of individual experience; such a mechanism ...
- Inner Carpathian Mountains
- (from the article "Carpathian Mountains") The Inner Carpathians consist of a number of separate blocks. In the west lies the Central Slovakian Block; in the southeast lie the East Carpathian Block and the South Carpathian ...
- inner city
- (from the article "United States") The inner city of a large U.S. metropolitan area displays some traits that are common to the larger centres of all advanced nations. A central business district, almost always the ...
- Inner Court
- (from the article "Beijing") ...where the emperor paused to rest before going into the Hall of Supreme Harmony. Beyond the Hall of Central Harmony is the last hall, the Hall of Preserving Harmony (Baohedian), ...
- inner ear
- part of the ear that contains organs of the senses of hearing and equilibrium. The bony labyrinth, a cavity in the temporal bone, is divided into three sections: the vestibule, ... [18 Related Articles]
- Inner Eastern Carpathians
- (from the article "Carpathian Mountains") ...continuation, are higher and show a more compact banded structure. The highest mountain group is the Chernogora on the Ukrainian side, with Goverla (Hoverla; 6,762 feet) as the highest peak. ...
- inner hair cell
- (from the article "ear, human") ...of low-level sound stimuli, but, because they can act as mechanical-electrical stimulators and feedback elements, they are believed to modify and enhance the discriminatory responses of the inner hair cells. ...
- Inner Harbor
- (from the article "Baltimore") ...(1914), the Walters Art Gallery (1934), a symphony orchestra, and opera and theatre companies. The Baltimore Civil War Museum (1997) has exhibits on the city's role in the Underground Railroad. ...
- Inner Hebrides
- islands off the Atlantic (western) coast of Scotland. As their name suggests, the Inner Hebrides lie close to the west coast of Scotland. They stretch 150 miles (240 km) from ... [1 Related Articles]
- inner Helmholtz plane
- (from the article "electrochemical reaction") ...by the surface to a distance closer than the "distance of the closest approach" of ions, further subdivision of the inner part of the electric double layer is justified. Hence, ...
- Inner Light
- the distinctive theme of the Society of Friends (Quakers), the direct awareness of God that allows a person to know God's will for him. It was expressed in the 17th ... [4 Related Articles]
- Inner London
- (from the article "Greater London at a glance") The administrative structure of Greater London includes 33 separate boroughs, 14 of which constitute Inner London and the others Outer London. (See the table Greater London at a Glance.) The ...
- Inner Mission society
- (from the article "city mission") ...Wichern urged that the church minister to the physical and social needs as well as the spiritual needs of people. As a result the Central Committee for the Inner Mission ...
- Inner Mongolia
- autonomous region of China. It is a vast territory, with an area of 454,600 square miles (1,177,500 square kilometres), that stretches in a great crescent for some 1,700 miles (2,700 ... [4 Related Articles]
- inner product
- (from the article "mechanics") The dot product (also known as the scalar product, or sometimes the inner product) is an operation that combines two vectors to form a scalar. The operation is written
- Inner Ridges
- (from the article "Pyrenees") ...massifs. An outer strip to the north consists of folds constituting the Petites Pyrenees. Cut into channels, they permit the passage of rivers. Nearer the middle of the range rise ...
- Inner Shrine
- (from the article "jinja") Some of the most famous Shinto shrines, such as the Inner Shrine (Naiku) at the Ise Shrine, are rebuilt at regular intervals, retaining through each reconstruction original elements of great ...
- Inner Tarai
- (from the article "Nepal") ...south and the Mahabharat Range to the north, there are broad basins from 2,000 to 3,000 feet high, about 10 miles wide, and 20 to 40 miles long; these basins ...
- Inner Town Parish Church
- (from the article "Budapest") ...(Fovarosi Tanacs), a Baroque building erected between 1724 and 1747, is in the northeast corner of the Belvaros next to Pest County Hall (Pest megyei Tanacs). The Inner Town Parish ...
- Inner Western Carpathians
- (from the article "Carpathian Mountains") The Inner Western Carpathians are lower and more broken. The principal mountain groups are the Slovak Ore Mountains (Slovenske Rudohorie), with Stolica (4,846 feet) as the highest peak; they are ...
- Inner Zone
- (from the article "Japan") ...and northern Kyushu generally coincides with the southwestern mountain arc, and the general trend of highlands and lowlands is roughly convex toward the Sea of Japan. The region is divided ...
- inner-belt asteroid
- (from the article "asteroid") Only one known concentration of asteroids, the Hungaria group, occupies the region between Mars and the inner edge of the main belt. The orbits of all the Hungarias lie outside ...
- inner-directed personality
- (from the article "Riesman, David") ...intact from one generation to another. When the population is growing but has not reached the stage of crowding (e.g., western Europe from the Renaissance to the early 20th century), ...
- inner-sphere reaction
- (from the article "coordination compound") Two limiting mechanisms of electron transfer, commonly designated outer-sphere and inner-sphere mechanisms, have been recognized. Outer-sphere electron transfer occurs without dissociation or disruption of the coordination sphere of either complex-i.e., ...
- Innere Stadt
- (from the article "Vienna") Administratively, Vienna is divided into 23 Bezirke (districts). At the core is district I, the Innere Stadt, which contains most of the city's famous structures. Surrounding the ...
- Inness, George
- American painter known especially for the luminous, atmospheric quality of his late landscapes. [2 Related Articles]
- Inness, George, Jr.
- (from the article "Tarpon Springs") ...Tourism is the primary factor in the city's economy. Tarpon Springs is located in a popular retirement area. The city's Universalist Church contains paintings by the American landscape painter George ...
- inning
- (from the article "baseball") ...a run. If a batter fails to advance in an appropriate manner (discussed later) to at least the first base, he is out; after three outs, the teams switch roles. ...
- innings
- (from the article "cricket") At the start of a match, the captain who wins the toss of a coin decides whether his own or the other side shall take first innings-i.e., proceed successively as ...
- Innis, Harold
- (from the article "writing") The Canadian economist Harold Innis classified writing systems into two basic types: those that bind through time, exemplified by Egyptian hieroglyphics carved in stone and Akkadian cuneiform incised in clay, ...
- Innisfail
- town, northeastern Queensland, Australia, at the confluence of the North and South Johnstone rivers, between the coast and Mt. Bartle Frere. It is located in a region of heavy rainfall ...
- Innitzer, Theodor
- cardinal and primate of Austria who withdrew his original support of the Nazi regime and became devoted to the reconstruction of the Austrian Church.
- Inno
- (from the article "Computers and Information Systems") Another iPod competitor found itself in legal trouble in 2006 as the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA) sued XM Satellite Radio for marketing the Inno, a satellite-radio receiver that ...
- Inno Biologics
- (from the article "Malaysia") In September Prime Minister Badawi opened the manufacturing facility of Inno Biologics, a new government-owned drug and biotechnology company, and announced the creation of a $200 million fund to support ...
- Innocent (III)
- last of four antipopes (1179-80) during the pontificate of Alexander III. A member of a family of German origin, he was a cardinal when elected on Sept. 29, 1179, by ...
- Innocent I, Saint
- pope from 401 to 417, who condemned Pelagianism, a heresy concerning the role of grace and free will. [2 Related Articles]
- Innocent II
- pope from 1130 to 1143. [10 Related Articles]
- Innocent III
- the most significant pope of the Middle Ages. Elected pope on January 8, 1198, Innocent III reformed the Roman Curia, reestablished and expanded the pope's authority over the Papal States, ... [38 Related Articles]
- Innocent IV
- one of the great pontiffs of the Middle Ages (reigned 1243-54), whose clash with Holy Roman emperor Frederick II formed an important chapter in the conflict between papacy and empire. ... [15 Related Articles]
- Innocent IX
- pope from Oct. 29 to Dec. 30, 1591. [1 Related Articles]
- innocent passage
- (from the article "Sea, Law of the") According to the 1982 convention, each country's sovereign territorial waters extend to a maximum of 12 nautical miles (22 km) beyond its coast, but foreign vessels are granted the right ...
- Innocent V Blessed
- pope during 1276, the first Dominican pontiff. He collaborated with SS. Albertus Magnus and Thomas Aquinas in drafting a rule of studies for the Dominican order.
- Innocent Veniaminov, Saint
- the most famous Russian Orthodox missionary priest of the 19th century, who later became Metropolitan Innocent of Moscow. He was canonized in the Russian Church. [3 Related Articles]
- Innocent VI
- pope from 1352 to 1362. [1 Related Articles]
- Innocent VII
- pope from 1404 to 1406. [1 Related Articles]
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