(from the article "cancer") ...There are different techniques. In excisional biopsy, the entire tumour is removed. This procedure is carried out when the mass is small enough to be removed completely without adverse consequences. ...
(from the article "tooth") ...erupt (emerge from the gums) behind the primary teeth and do not replace any of these, giving a total of 32 teeth in the permanent dentition. The permanent dentition is ...
(from the article "Caligula's horse") This tale of the mad Caligula's affection for his horse Incitatus has a long pedigree. The Roman historian Suetonius, who according to his Britannica biography "used 'characteristic anecdote' without exhaustive ...
(from the article "solicitation") in criminal law, the request, encouragement, or direction of one person by another to commit a serious criminal offense. It is frequently linked with the crime of incitement. An inciter ...
(from the article "celestial mechanics") ...orbit defined by the path of the Sun on the sky. (For motion of a near-Earth artificial satellite, the most convenient reference plane would be that of the Earth's Equator.) ...
(from the article "Earth") ...similar to that of Mars. Jupiter and most asteroids have days less than half as long, while Mercury and Venus have days more nearly comparable to their orbital periods. The ...
simple machine consisting of a sloping surface, used for raising heavy bodies. The force required to move an object up the incline is less than the weight being raised, discounting ... [3 Related Articles]
(from the article "Allende meteorite") The Allende meteorite, which is classified as a carbonaceous chondrite, consists of large, irregularly shaped white inclusions and rounded chondrules in a dark matrix. The inclusions are composed of minerals ...
(from the article "combinatorics") ...· · , An, then this number can be computed as an alternating sum of sums involving the numbers of objects that possess the properties (see 14). This is the ...
(from the article "bacteria") There are numerous inclusion bodies, or granules, in the bacterial cytoplasm. These bodies are never enclosed by a membrane and serve as storage vessels. Glycogen, which is a polymer of ...
(from the article "memory abnormality") Attention repeatedly has been drawn to severe and persistent memory defect following attacks of a form of brain inflammation called acute inclusion body encephalitis. The individual's behaviour closely resembles that ...
(from the article "conjunctivitis") ...and cornea can become scarred, leading to blindness. Trachoma is the leading cause of preventable blindness in the world and is especially prevalent in the Middle East, Asia, and parts ...
(from the article "logic, history of") ...of the propositions they combined). For example, they defined a disjunction as true if and only if exactly one disjunct is true (the modern "exclusive" disjunction). They also knew "inclusive" ...
(from the article "optics") ...The effects of partially coherent fields are clearly of importance in the description of normally coherent phenomena, such as diffraction and interference, but also in the analysis of normally incoherent ...
(from the article "plasma") ...waves also provide ways to determine these same variables. This technique has also been employed to remotely measure the properties of the plasmas in the near-space regions of the Earth ...
(from the article "termite") A few termites, known as inquilinous species, live only in obligatory association with other termite species. Examples of such obligate relationships are Ahamitermes and Incolitermes species, which live only in ...
(from the article "Table 4: Any Company, Inc.: Comparative income statement for the month of October 20__") ...It may be given a monetary value if prices can be determined for each of the possessions; this process can be difficult when the possessions are such that they are ...
a body of economic analysis concerned with the relative levels of output, employment, and prices in an economy. By defining the interrelation of these macroeconomic factors, governments try to create ... [3 Related Articles]
(from the article "security") Another of the hybrid types is the income bond, which has a fixed maturity but on which interest is paid only if it is earned. These bonds developed in the ...
(from the article "Japan") Two elements underscored rapid growth in the 1960s. The first was the development of a consumer economy, which was given a significant boost by Ikeda Hayato's Income Doubling Plan of ...
(from the article "income tax") ...reduces the incentive to work. To the extent that the tax reduces total income after taxes, it may lead some persons to work longer in an effort to maintain an ...
(from the article "government economic policy") Although governments do affect the distribution of resources in numerous ways, this is often a by-product of the other things they are trying to do. It has been long debated ...
(from the article "Table 4: Any Company, Inc.: Comparative income statement for the month of October 20__") The company uses its assets to produce goods and services. Its success depends on whether it is wise or lucky in the assets it chooses to hold and in the ...
(from the article "United Kingdom") ...noncontributory benefits, paid out of general tax revenues, offer poverty relief to individuals and families whose income and savings fall below some prescribed level. The benefit of last resort is ...
levy imposed on individuals (or family units) and corporations. Individual income tax is computed on the basis of income received. It is usually classified as a direct tax because the ... [4 Related Articles]
(from the article "corporate income tax") a tax imposed by public authorities on the incomes of corporations. See income tax.types of income taxincome taxCorporate income taxlevy ...
(from the article "personal income tax") a tax imposed by public authorities on the incomes of individuals or family units. See income tax.development inFranceFranceThe prewar years...the ...
(from the article "utility and value") ...indifference curve, showing the consumer's optimal bundle of purchases with the corresponding income. The locus of these points (T1, T2, T3 . . .) may be called the income-consumption curve; ...
collective governmental effort to control the incomes of labour and capital, usually by limiting increases in wages and prices. The term often refers to policies directed at the control of ... [8 Related Articles]
(from the article "Incommensurables") The geometers immediately following Pythagoras (c. 580-c. 500 BC) shared the unsound intuition that any two lengths are "commensurable" (that is, measurable) by integer multiples of some common unit. To ...
(from the article "Moon") ...in the section Origin and evolution, below.)Some lavas were relatively rich in elements whose atoms do not readily fit into the crystal lattice sites of the common lunar minerals and ...
(from the article "blood group") An antibody that does not clump red cells when they are suspended in saline solution is called incomplete. Such antibodies block the antigenic sites of the red cells so that ...
(from the article "flower") A flower having sepals, petals, stamens, and pistils is complete; lacking one or more of such structures, it is said to be incomplete. Stamens and pistils are not present together ...
(from the article "fracture") ...and the bone is not exposed to the air; it is called compound (open) when the bone is exposed. When a bone weakened by disease breaks from a minor stress, ...
(from the article "chemical bonding") Less common than hypervalent compounds, but by no means rare, are species in which an atom does not achieve an octet of electrons. Such compounds are called incomplete-octet compounds. An ...
(from the article "Silva Xavier, Joaquim Jose da") ...in the captaincy of Minas Gerais, he advocated complete independence from Portugal. An attempt by Portuguese officials to collect back taxes touched off the call for the rebellion, called the ...
(from the article "Ouro Preto") ...old colonial governor's palace houses a mining school (founded 1876) and a museum that contains an outstanding collection of minerals native to Brazil. The massive colonial penitentiary contains the Museum ...
liquefaction of a solid accompanied by decomposition or by reaction with the melt to produce another solid and a liquid that differs in composition from the original solid. For example, ...
(from the article "whitefish") The inconnu, cony, or sheefish (Stenodus leucichthys), an oily-fleshed salmonid, is eaten in the far northwestern regions of North America.
(from the article "predicate calculus") ...and not F"; and (3) those true on some specifications and false on others, as with "Something is F and is G." These are, respectively, the tautologous, inconsistent, and contingent ...
(from the article "insurance") Life insurance policies contain various clauses that protect the rights of beneficiaries and the insured. Perhaps the best-known is the incontestable clause, which provides that if a policy has been ...
(from the article "acculturation") Incorporation refers to the free borrowing and modification of cultural elements and occurs when people of different cultures maintain contact as well as political and social self-determination. It may involve ...
(from the article "mind, philosophy of") Instead of holding that such beliefs are indubitable, it is often more modestly maintained merely that such beliefs are "incorrigible," meaning that nothing will count as overthrowing (or correcting) such ...
(from the article "dendrochronology") ...scientific discipline concerned with dating and interpreting past events, particularly paleoclimates and climatic trends, based on the analysis of tree rings. Samples are obtained by means of an increment borer, ...
(from the article "government budget") In most countries the usual procedure for deciding on government expenditure in a forthcoming year has been to assume that existing expenditure was appropriate and then to decide on incremental ...
a device used in poetry of the oral tradition, especially English and Scottish ballads, in which a line is repeated in a changed context or with minor changes in the ... [1 Related Articles]
(from the article "painting, Western") At Pompeii during the 2nd century BC the interior walls of private houses were decorated in a so-called Incrustation, or First, style; that is, the imitation in painted stucco of ...
the maintenance of uniform conditions of temperature and humidity to ensure the development of eggs or, under laboratory conditions, of certain experimental organisms, especially bacteria. The phrase incubation period designates ... [15 Related Articles]
(from the article "plant disease") ...of wounds, or natural openings-e.g., stomates [microscopic pores in leaf surfaces], hydathodes [stomatelike openings that secrete water], or lenticels [small openings in tree bark])Incubation: the period of time between the ...
(from the article "oracle") ...casting of lots or the rustling of tree leaves, or more sophisticated, taking the form of a direct inquiry of an inspired person who then gave the answer orally. One ...
an insulated enclosure in which temperature, humidity, and other environmental conditions can be regulated at levels optimal for growth, hatching, or reproduction. There are three principal kinds of incubators: poultry ...
demon in male form that seeks to have sexual intercourse with sleeping women; the corresponding spirit in female form is called a succubus. In medieval Europe, union with an incubus ... [3 Related Articles]
(from the article "Christianity") As the gospel has spread into new regions of the world, there has proven to be need and opportunity for fresh conceptions and formulations of the faith. The process of ...
books printed during the earliest period of typography, i.e., from the invention of the art of typographic printing in the 1450s to the end of the 15th century (i.e., January ... [2 Related Articles]
(from the article "lepidopteran") Approximately 80 species predominantly in North America; not found in Australia or the rest of Oceania.More than 500 species; all females with an extensible, piercing ovipositor for inserting ...
(from the article "sound reception") ...and two tympanic muscles. The tympanic membrane bulges inward, unlike the usually outward-bulging membrane of reptiles and birds. The elements in the ossicular chain are the malleus (hammer), incus (anvil), ...
(from the article "Lobamba") ...official residence of the king, the offices of the Swazi National Council, the National Archives and Museum, and the National Stadium. The two most important cultural events of Swaziland, the ...
(from the article "Myanmar") Myanmar has two major lakes. Indawgyi Lake, in the northern hills, runs some 15 miles (24 km) from north to south and 8 miles (13 km) from east to west; ...
(from the article "inheritance") In the United States the surviving spouse is protected against complete disinheritance in every state through one or more of the following devices: dower, indefeasible share, community property, homestead, or ...
(from the article "calculus") ...The differential calculus shows that the most general such function is x3/3 + C, where C is an arbitrary constant. This is called the (indefinite) integral of the function y = x2, and it ...
(from the article "logic, history of") ...alpha," or equivalently "No beta is an alpha."Particular affirmative: "Some beta is an alpha."Particular negative: "Some beta is not an alpha."Indefinite affirmative: "beta is an alpha."Indefinite negative: "beta is not ...
(from the article "Fabales") ...within the family has variously modified many legume fruits, and they bear but scant resemblance to that of a bean or pea. Some retain the form of the basic type ...
(from the article "insurance") ...in the name of the insured to recover the loss from the negligent neighbour. The principle of subrogation is complemented by another basic principle of insurance contract law, the principle ...
(from the article "South Africa") ...Act (1950) defined communism and its aims broadly to include any opposition to the government and empowered the government to detain anyone it thought might further "communist" aims. The Indemnity ...
(from the article "Germany") ...not be prevented would enable them to influence official policy in the direction of greater freedom. With the support of these moderate liberals, on September 3, 1866, the legislature approved ...
(from the article "emigre") ...monarchy (1814), the emigres became an important force in French politics, their views ranging from a moderate to an extreme royalist position. Their petitioning resulted in the Law of Indemnity ...
(from the article "punctuation") The system of punctuation now used by writers of English has been complete since the 17th century. Three of its most important components are the space left blank between words; ...
(from the article "slavery") A person became an indentured servant by borrowing money and then voluntarily agreeing to work off the debt during a specified term. In some societies indentured servants probably differed little ...
city, seat (1870) of Montgomery county, southeastern Kansas, U.S. Independence lies on the Verdigris River, near Elk City Lake (dammed for flood control and irrigation). It was founded in 1869 ...
city, seat of Jackson county, western Missouri, U.S., immediately east of Kansas City. It is the hometown of President Harry S. Truman (who was born at Lamar, 100 miles [160 ...
(from the article "Pacific Islands") For strategic and economic reasons, despite UN support for self-determination after 1945, the Pacific has not been completely decolonized. France granted French citizenship in its Pacific territories in 1946; however, ...
(from the article "formal logic") ...It is strongly complete if the addition to it (as an extra axiom) of any wff whatever that is not already a theorem would make the system inconsistent. Finally, an ...
(from the article "Korea, history of") ...sovereignty arose under the leadership of such figures as So Chae-p'il (Philip Jaisohn). Returning from many years of exile, So organized in 1896 a political organization called the Independence Club ...
national holiday in India celebrated annually on August 15. Independence Day marks the end of British rule in 1947 and the establishment of a free and independent Indian nation. It ...
in the United States, the annual celebration of nationhood. It commemorates the passage of the Declaration of Independence by the Continental Congress on July 4, 1776. [2 Related Articles]
(from the article "Liberty Bell") large bell, a traditional symbol of U.S. freedom, commissioned in 1751 by the Pennsylvania Provincial Assembly to hang in the new State House (renamed Independence Hall) in Philadelphia. It was ...
area of downtown Philadelphia, partially owned by the city but operated by the U.S. National Park Service. It covers 45 acres (18 hectares) and contains a number of historic structures ... [1 Related Articles]
(from the article "Iceland") Elections to Iceland's Althingi (parliament) were held in May 2007. The incumbent government coalition, made up of the Independence Party and the Progressive Party, barely survived with a majority of ...
(from the article "Nouakchott") ...that period (together with a sharp decline in the number of Mauritania's nomads) was attributed to migration and urbanization in response to the droughts. The city focuses on a square, ...
(from the article "Latin America, history of") The final victory of Latin American patriots over Spain and the fading loyalist factions began in 1808 with the political crisis in Spain. With the Spanish king and his son ...
(from the article "Life Sciences") ...such as eggs and sperm), the alleles in each pair of genes segregate randomly, so that one-half of the gametes carry one allele and the other half carry the other ...
(from the article "consumer advocacy") ...The country with the most stringent advertising standards is usually thought to be Great Britain, where, for example, all advertising on independent radio and television is controlled by the Independent ...
(from the article "Bulgaria") ...to the Central Council of Trade Unions (Tsentralen Suvet na Profesionalnite Suyuzi), founded in 1944 and allied with the Bulgarian Communist Party. It was reconstituted in 1989 as the Confederation ...
(from the article "marketing") ...irregulars, and leftover goods and have made their biggest forays in the clothing, footwear, and accessories industries. The three primary examples of off-price retailers are factory outlets, independent carriers, and ...
(from the article "Liechtenstein") Meanwhile, the Independent Commission of Historians Liechtenstein-Second World War found the principality not guilty of war crimes during the Nazi era. Accusations by the World Jewish Congress in 2000 had ...
(from the article "East Greenwich") ...During the American Revolution, the home of William Greene, governor of Rhode Island, served as the capitol; built in 1680 by Samuel Gorton, Jr., it was enlarged by Greene and ...
(from the article "Nigeria") ...identified legislators known to have received huge bribes, and ordered the arrest of a former inspector of police on charges of financial misconduct. In a nationwide broadcast he announced that ...
(from the article "Chile") ...from the Pinochet affair were also felt within the right-wing Alliance. Competition for the presidential nomination erupted between its two parties, pitting Joaquin Lavin of the Independent Democratic Union (UDI), ...
(from the article "South Africa") ...from the ANC, having won the most votes (41.85% to the ANC's 37.91%), and cobbled together a coalition with minor parties, much to the chagrin of the ANC and of ...
(from the article "statistics") ...increases the probability of a person buying the product, the events "seeing the advertisement" and "buying the product" are said to be dependent. If two events are independent, the occurrence ...
(from the article "motion picture, history of the") ...strategies of defense, they continued to decline throughout the 1950s and '60s. Because they could no longer dominate the exhibition sector, they faced serious competition for the first time from ...
fellowship of conservative, independent Christian churches stressing biblical truth. It was organized in Cicero, Illinois, U.S., in June 1930 as the successor to the American Conference of Undenominational Churches.
(from the article "Belarus") ...May the government faced strikes from entrepreneurs who were protesting against a value-added tax of 18% on all imports from Russia. On April 16 the Supreme Court ordered the closure ...
(from the article "Maxton, James") ...of the leaders of left-wing Socialism from shortly after World War I through World War II. He was a teacher from 1906 to 1916, although he spent much of his ...
(from the article "Walker, Maggie Lena Draper") ...of St. Luke, an African American fraternal and cooperative insurance society. Working her way up through various local and general offices, Walker became executive secretary-treasurer of the renamed Independent Order ...
(from the article "Kristensen, Knud") ...by the German Schleswigers. His private stand in favour of an imposed border revision left no party to the territorial dispute satisfied, and his government fell in 1947. In 1953 ...
(from the article "Law, Crime, and Law Enforcement") In Britain a top-level review was initiated by the Independent Police Complaints Commission (IPCC) of a controversial shoot-to-kill policy after its first use resulted in the death of an innocent ...
(from the article "France") ...Jacques Chaban-Delmas, but a sizable minority of the UDR broke ranks and instead declared support for a non-Gaullist, Valery Giscard d'Estaing, who was the leader of a business party, the ...
(from the article "Hungary") ...Entente pressure, Parliament had voted a law dethroning the Habsburgs, but even Hungary's own antilegitimists never took it as morally binding), excluded it in practice. In return for this, the ...
(from the article "Social Democratic Party of Germany") ...War I, the SPD played a central role in the formation of the Weimar Republic and in its brief and tragic history. In the general election of 1919 the SPD ...
