(from the article "crustacean") ...to present; antennal notch in shell; 5 pairs of postoral appendages; maxilla with a large respiratory plate; eyes usually present; marine.Silurian to present; 5 pairs of postoral appendages; maxilla ...
(from the article "carbene") ...(H+) is removed from the chloroform molecule in a normal acid-base reaction. The resulting potassium trichloromethide then loses potassium chloride to give dichlorocarbene. Other haloforms, compounds conforming to the formula ...
(from the article "aldehyde") This reaction is called the haloform reaction, because X3C− ions react with water or another acid present in the system to produce compounds of the form X3CH, which are called ...
any of the five nonmetallic elements that constitute Group 17 (Group VIIa) of the periodic table. The halogen elements are fluorine (F), chlorine (Cl), bromine (Br), iodine (I), and astatine ... [6 Related Articles]
(from the article "nitrogen group element") ...in bonding is for them to become partially occupied in accommodating lone-pair electrons from another atom, which is already attached by a single bond, thereby strengthening the bond. The phosphorus ...
(from the article "aldehyde") An alpha-hydrogen of an aldehyde can be replaced by a chlorine (Cl), bromine (Br), or iodine (I) atom when the compound is treated with Cl2, Br2, or I2, respectively, either ...
the genus and common name for a poisonous annual weed, belonging to the amaranth family (Amaranthaceae), native to southwestern Siberia and northwestern China. There are nine species in the genus. ... [1 Related Articles]
chemical compound formerly used in firefighting. A halon may be any of a group of organohalogen compounds containing bromine and fluorine and one or two carbons. The effectiveness of halons ... [2 Related Articles]
On March 1, 2000, Tarja Halonen was inaugurated as president of Finland, the first woman to have won that office. The candidate of the left-wing Social Democratic Party (SDP), she ... [5 Related Articles]
(from the article "drug") ...meperidine through inexpensive chemical substitutions. Experiments gave rise to a compound that caused chlorpromazine-like sedation but had a completely different structure. This led to the compound haloperidol, a more powerful ...
(from the article "bacteria") Water is a fundamental requirement for life. Some bacteria prefer salty environments and are thus called halophiles. Extreme halophiles, such as Halobacterium, show optimum growth in conditions ...
(from the article "Sahara") Saharan vegetation is generally sparse, with scattered concentrations of grasses, shrubs, and trees in the highlands, in oasis depressions, and along the wadis. Various halophytes (salt-tolerant plants) are found in ...
(from the article "Saxifragales") Haloragaceae, or the water milfoil family, comprises 8 genera and 145 species of land, marsh, and water herbs with small leaves and small flower clusters. The flowers are unisexual, generally ...
(from the article "annelid") ...(protrusible) proboscis cylindrical in shape, with border of soft papillae (nipplelike projections) and 4 chitinous jaws; size, 0.5 to 25 cm; examples of genera: Aphrodita (sea mouse), Halosydna (common scale ...
nonflammable, volatile, liquid drug introduced into medicine in the 1950s and used as a general anesthetic. Halothane rapidly achieved acceptance and became the most frequently used of the potent anesthetics, ... [1 Related Articles]
a sulfate mineral containing aluminum and iron [FeAl2(SO4)4·22H2O]. If more than 50 percent of the iron has been replaced by magnesium, the mineral is called pickeringite. These minerals are usually ...
(from the article "Anatolia") ...of the leaders of the coalition against Assyria in 853-records that he has built a throne and erected a monument for the Semitic goddess Bahalatis. Another contemporary of Shalmaneser III ...
(from the article "American literature") ...To Make My Bread (both 1932). Other notable proletarian novels included Jack Conroy's The Disinherited (1933), Robert Cantwell's The Land of Plenty (1934), and Albert Halper's Union Square (1933), The ...
American poet whose unsentimental and psychologically complex free verse in Yiddish extols socialism, individual rights, and social justice. [1 Related Articles]
(from the article "nebula") ...newly formed atom is in an excited energy level and cascades from that level to a lower one with the emission of a line photon. One of the brightest lines ...
(from the article "education") A laudable experiment in the field of vernacular education was carried out by Lieutenant Governor James Thomason in the North-Western Provinces. Thomason's halqabandi system attempted to bring ...
(from the article "education") ...Isfahan, Mashhad, Ghom, Damascus, Cairo, and the Alhambra (Granada), became centres of learning for students from all over the Muslim world. Each mosque usually contained several study circles (halqah), so ...
great 17th-century portraitist of the Dutch bourgeoisie of Haarlem, where he spent practically all his life. Hals evolved a technique that was close to Impressionism in its looseness, and he ... [4 Related Articles]
U.S. naval commander who led vigorous campaigns in the Pacific theatre during World War II. He was a leading exponent of warfare using carrier-based aircraft and became known for his ... [2 Related Articles]
greatly abbreviated runic alphabet, found mainly in inscriptions dating from the 10th to the 12th century in the Halsingland region of Sweden. Probably developed near Lake Malar, the runes seem ...
landskap (province), east-central Sweden, in the southern part of Norrland region. It is bounded on the east by the Gulf of Bothnia, on the south by the landskap of Gastrikland, ...
(from the article "Siemens, Werner von") ...and invented improvements for it. A specialist on the electric telegraph, he laid an underground line for the Prussian army in 1847 and, at the same time, persuaded a young ...
American pioneer of scientific surgery who established at Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, the first surgical school in the United States. [3 Related Articles]
(from the article "Olympic Games") ...between American athletes and British officials. The 400-metre final was nullified by officials who disqualified the apparent winner, American John Carpenter, for deliberately impeding the path of Wyndham Halswelle of ...
(from the article "dipteran") Adult flies have only one pair of wings, on the mesothorax or second thoracic segment. The hind wings, modified into halteres, have a stalk and a knob, or club, that ...
(from the article "oligotrich") ...mouth) ciliature. For many species an anterior spiralling band of membranelles (cilia fused into a flat plate) serves as an efficient, and in some cases the only, means of locomotion. ...
a Balto-Finnic domestic spirit who oversees the household and protects it from harm. The word haltia is derived from the Germanic haldiaz, originally from Gothic haldan referring to the ruler ... [1 Related Articles]
highest mountain in Finland, at the extreme northwestern tip of Finnish Lapland on the Norwegian border, rising to 4,357 feet (1,328 m). The peak is located in Finland's only true ... [1 Related Articles]
(from the article "Turing machine") ...be read from the system once the machine has stopped. (However, in the case of Godel's undecidable propositions, the machine would never stop, and this became known as the "halting ...
unitary authority, geographic county of Cheshire, England. The unitary authority comprises Widnes and surrounding suburban areas, on the north shore of the River Mersey in the historic county of Lancashire, ...
(from the article "Sundanese") ...and death ceremonies, conform closely to the Javanese pattern, though often mixed with elements of Hindu origin. The Sundanese language, like Javanese, has status styles: kasar (informal), halus (deferential), and ...
any of several confections of Balkan and eastern Mediterranean origin, made with honey, flour, butter, and sesame seeds or semolina, pressed into loaf form or cut into squares. Halvah is ... [1 Related Articles]
(from the article "rigging") ...and sails, such as jibs, are manipulated for trimming to the wind and for making or shortening sail are known as the running rigging. The running rigging is subdivided into ...
extinct genus of corals found as fossils in marine rocks from the Late Ordovician Period to the end of the Silurian Period (461 million to 416 million years ago). Halysites ...
(from the article "Noah") ...first, the passage attributes the beginnings of agriculture, and in particular the cultivation of the vine, to Noah; second, it attempts to provide, in the persons of Noah's three sons, ...
the rear leg of a hog prepared as food, either fresh or preserved through a curing process that involves salting, smoking, or drying. The two hams constitute about 18-20 percent ...
town, upper valley of the Somme River, Somme departement, Picardie region, France, southwest of Saint-Quentin. Its medieval fortress, used for centuries as a state prison, was destroyed ...
(from the article "Arabian Desert") ...plains are duricrusted (covered with a crust of soil formed by salts), having smooth, firm surfaces formed by the cementation of sandy debris at groundwater level. Typical of the stony ...
Japanese ceramist who revitalized pottery making in Mashiko, where ceramic arts had flourished in ancient times. Hamada was designated a Living National Treasure by the Japanese government in 1955. [1 Related Articles]
city, west-central Iran, at the northeastern foot of Mount Alvand (11,716 feet [3,571 metres]), in Hamadan ostan (province). Itself at an elevation of 6,158 feet (1,877 metres), ... [3 Related Articles]
any of several handwoven floor coverings of considerable variety, made in the district surrounding the ancient city of Hamadan (Ecbatana) in western Iran and brought there for marketing. Several generations ...
(from the article "Lebanon") On October 1 an attempt to assassinate Marwan Hamade, the former minister of the economy, failed, although one of his guards was killed in the bomb blast. Hamade, a member ...
(from the article "Djibouti, history of") ...posture in external relations was reflected in its internal politics. Hassan Gouled Aptidon, an Issa Somali, was elected to two consecutive terms as president in 1981 and 1987. Barkat Gourad ...
large, powerful monkey of the plains and open-rock areas of the Red Sea coast, both in Africa (Eritrea, The Sudan) and on the opposite coast in Yemen and Saudi Arabia. ... [3 Related Articles]
(from the article "mezzotint") ...used, although in the 20th century the French artist Georges Rouault and the English printmaker Stanley William Hayter each made several plates. Its most distinguished mid-20th-century advocate, Yozo Hamaguchi, a ...
city, central Syria, on the banks of the Orontes River. It was an important prehistoric settlement, becoming the kingdom of Hamath under the Aramaeans in the 11th century BC. It ... [5 Related Articles]
former city, Shizuoka ken (prefecture), Honshu, Japan, on the west bank of the Tenryu River, northeast of Hamamatsu. In 2005 it became part of Hamamatsu. Hamakita's cotton industry began in ...
Finnish Nordic skier who was Finland's foremost female competitor in the sport. She captured three Olympic gold medals and a bronze at the 1984 Games in Sarajevo, Yugoslavia (now in ... [1 Related Articles]
city, Shizuoka ken (prefecture), Honshu, Japan. It lies on the Pacific coast, midway between Tokyo and Kyoto. A leading industrial centre with strong economic ties to Nagoya, it is noted ...
the witch hazel family of the order Saxifragales, comprising 23 genera of shrubs and trees native to both tropical and warm temperate regions. It includes mildly popular ornamentals such as ... [1 Related Articles]
(from the article "Purim") Haman, chief minister of King Ahasuerus, incensed that Mordecai, a Jew, held him in disdain and refused obeisance, convinced the King that the Jews living under Persian rule were rebellious ...
German Protestant thinker, fideist, and friend of the philosopher Immanuel Kant. His distrust of reason led him to conclude that a childlike faith in God was the only solution to ... [3 Related Articles]
(from the article "Wrestling") Two veteran ozeki, Takanonami and Musoyama, as well as former top division rikishi ("strong man") Oginishiki and Hamanoshima retired and accepted positions within the Japan Sumo Association.
town, southeastern Norway. Hamar lies on the eastern shore of Lake Mjosa (the largest lake in the country). The diocese of Hamar was founded in 1152 by Nicholas Breakspear, papal ... [1 Related Articles]
(hamartia from Greek hamartanein, "to err"), inherent defect or shortcoming in the hero of a tragedy, who is in other respects a superior being favoured by fortune. [1 Related Articles]
benign tumourlike growth made up of normal mature cells in abnormal number or distribution. While malignant tumours contain poorly differentiated cells, hamartomas consist of distinct cell types retaining normal functions. ...
militant Palestinian Islamic movement in the West Bank and Gaza Strip that is dedicated to the destruction of Israel and the creation of an Islamic state in Palestine. Founded in ... [17 Related Articles]
an Arabic anthology compiled by the poet Abu Tammam in the 9th century. It is so called from the title of its first book, which contains poems descriptive of fortitude ... [2 Related Articles]
(from the article "Gahanbar") ...Time of Prosperity), in the month of Mitra; 80 days later, Maidhyairya (Midwinter), in the month of Din; and 75 days later, in the last five intercalary or Gatha days ...
(from the article "Nebuchadrezzar II") ...Babylon. After a Babylonian reverse at the hands of Egypt in 606/605, he served as commander in chief in his father's place and by brilliant generalship shattered the Egyptian army ...
(from the article "Armenia") Theodor's successor, Hamazasp Mamikonian, sided with Byzantium, but after 661 Arab suzerainty was reestablished, although Byzantine-Arab rivalry, Armenian resistance, and reluctance to pay the tribute made the region difficult to ...
(from the article "Noruz") ...haoma; the Fravartigan, or Farokhshi, prayers commemorating the dead; and the Satum, prayers recited at funeral feasts. Throughout the day, Parsis greet one another with the rite of hamazor, in ...
(from the article "cricket") The aforementioned Hambledon Club, playing in Hampshire on Broadhalfpenny Down, was the predominant cricket force in the second half of the 18th century before the rise of the Marylebone Cricket ...
district, administrative county of North Yorkshire, northern England, historic county of Yorkshire, England. It includes part of the Cleveland Hills, whose southern extension is known as the Hambleton Hills, from ...
(foaled 1849), American harness racehorse (Standardbred) that was the ancestor of most present-day harness racers. The thrice inbred great-grandson of Messenger (foundation sire of the breed of Standardbreds), he was ... [3 Related Articles]
(from the article "Hambleton") district, administrative county of North Yorkshire, northern England, historic county of Yorkshire, England. It includes part of the Cleveland Hills, whose southern extension is known as the Hambleton Hills, from ...
annual American race for three-year-old trotters, one of harness racing's most widely known events. The Hambletonian was first held in 1926 at Syracuse, N.Y. It was later moved to Goshen, ... [1 Related Articles]
(from the article "polska") ...around and around with a smooth, carefully coordinated step. Among its varieties, the gammal polska, or old polska, is the simplest and probably the oldest. The lively and very popular ...
(from the article "Aiken") ...patriots defeated Tories during a battle in Dean's Swamp. The area's growth began with the establishment of the first cotton mill in the southern United States, at Graniteville in 1845. ...
art gallery in Hamburg, founded in 1850, with paintings and sculptures of all periods, drawings (notably by German Romantics), prints, coins, and medals. The collection of paintings is strongest in ...
(from the article "theatre") In the public theatre, the work of the manager Johann Friedrich Schonemann led to the establishment in 1767 of the Hamburg National Theatre, the first noncommercial public theatre, subsidized by ...
(from the article "Hamburg") The Hamburg Staatsoper, which dates from 1678, has won world renown. Its performances of classical and contemporary works bear comparison with those given by the great opera houses of Vienna, ...
(from the article "DESY") ...in its third version as DORIS III, this machine is no longer used as a collider; its electron beam serves as a source of synchrotron radiation (mainly at X-ray and ...
(from the article "Europe, history of") ...Rhine (1638), the Habsburgs always seemed able to even up the score. Thus in 1641 Oxenstierna abandoned his attempt to maintain independence and threw in his lot with France. By ...
(from the article "Mecklenburg") With the extinction of the Gustrow line in 1695, Mecklenburg was again reunited but then was permanently divided by the Treaty of Hamburg (1701). Most of the territory went to ...
(from the article "Selected universities and colleges of the world") The Universitat Hamburg, founded in 1919, is one of the largest in Germany, with some 46,000 students and faculties covering virtually every discipline except certain technological subjects. A second university, ...
ground beef. The term is applied variously to (1) a patty of ground beef, sometimes called hamburg steak, Salisbury steak, or Vienna steak, (2) a sandwich consisting of a patty ...
American writer (b. July 2, 1914, Wheeling. W.Va.-d. April 23, 2004, New York, N.Y.), worked under all five editors of The New Yorker magazine beginning in 1939. Hamburger, who was ...
German-born American embryologist (b. July 9, 1900, Landeshut, Ger. [now Kamienna Gora, Pol.]-d. June 12, 2001, St. Louis, Mo.), was a pioneer in the field of neuroembryology; he was noted ... [1 Related Articles]
(from the article "Low Countries, history of") ...river deposits. Several late Magdalenian sites (hunting stands) were discovered in southern (Belgian and Dutch) Limburg. A wide uninhabited area separated the Magdalenian sites from sites of the Hamburgian tradition ...
(from the article "Hamburg") ...by the jurist Justus Brinckmann, has one of the most significant collections of ancient artifacts in Germany and is also famous for its examples of Asian art and of Jugendstil ...
(from the article "Arabia") ...is ordinarily used by the Bedouin for bushes in the desert that furnish grazing for his animals and firewood for his tent. The leaves of varieties called
(from the article "Arabia") ...have a maximum elevation of nearly 9,500 feet. The elevation decreases to the south, with an occasional upward surge such as Mount Radwa west of Medina (Al-Madinah). Wadi Al-Hamd, an ...
(from the article "Hamdanid Dynasty") Hamdan ibn Hamdun brought the family, already well established in Al-Jazirah, to political prominence by taking part in uprisings against the 'Abbasid caliph late in the 9th century. His sons, ...
(from the article "Qarmatian") ...the Shi'ite Muslim sect known as the Isma'ilites. The Qarmatians flourished in Iraq, Yemen, and especially Bahrain during the 9th to 11th centuries, taking their name from Hamdan Qarmat, who ...
(from the article "Law") The most celebrated decision of this term was in Hamdan v. Rumsfeld, regarding the status and treatment of detainees at the United States military base at Guantanamo Bay, Cuba. Hamdan, ...
Arab geographer, poet, grammarian, historian, and astronomer whose chief fame derives from his authoritative writings on South Arabian history and geography. From his literary production al-Hamdani was known as the ... [1 Related Articles]
Muslim Arab dynasty of northern Iraq (Al-Jazirah) and Syria (905-1004) whose members were renowned as brilliant warriors and as great patrons of Arabic poets and scholars. [7 Related Articles]
urban town (township), New Haven county, southwestern Connecticut, U.S. It lies immediately north of the city of New Haven. The area, which was settled in 1664, was named for John ...
Turkish statesman and art expert who asserted the right of Constantinople to receive the finds made by various archaeological enterprises in the Ottoman Empire.
