deficiency of pituitary hormones caused by damage to the pituitary gland. Patients may have a deficiency of one or all pituitary hormones, including vasopressin (antidiuretic hormone), the hormone of the ... [1 Related Articles]
(from the article "enamel") ...enamel is harder and less soluble and contains more fluoride than the underlying enamel and is very resistant to caries (q.v.; tooth decay). Two major malformations of enamel may occur: ...
(from the article "congenital heart disease") Some congenital cardiac defects are associated with high neonatal and infant mortality. One example is hypoplastic left heart syndrome, a very serious condition in which the left ventricle and other ...
(from the article "plant disease") ...Macroscopic symptoms are expressions of disease that can be seen with the unaided eye. Specific macroscopic symptoms are classified under one of four major categories: prenecrotic, necrotic, hypoplastic, and hyperplastic ...
disease characterized by a deficiency of the blood-clotting substance prothrombin, resulting in a tendency to prolonged bleeding. Hypoprothrombinemia is usually associated with a lack of vitamin K, which is necessary ... [1 Related Articles]
(from the article "frigidity") ...term frigidity encompasses three distinct problems recognized by sex therapists: inability to experience a sexual response of any kind; ability to achieve sexual arousal only with great difficulty (hyposexuality); and ...
(from the article "urogenital malformation") 5. Epispadias, an uncommon malformation of the male genital system in which the urethra opens on the upper surface of the penis. In hypospadias, often familial, the urethra opens on ...
(from the article "Christianity") ...Constantinople in 381; and Chalcedon in 451). The key ideas of these Christological and Trinitarian debates and their conclusions were based upon the Greek concepts of ousia (nature or essence) ...
(from the article "heredity") ...as a fully dominant allele masks the expression of its recessive counterpart. A gene that masks the phenotypic effect of another gene is called an epistatic gene; the gene it ...
(from the article "Incarnation") ...that the divine and human natures of Jesus do not exist beside one another in an unconnected way but rather are joined in him in a personal unity that has ...
in architecture, interior space whose roof rests on pillars or columns. The word means literally "under pillars," and the design allows for the construction of large spaces-as in temples, palaces, ... [6 Related Articles]
(from the article "hyposulfite of soda") most important salt of thiosulfuric acid, an unstable compound of sulfur (q.v.).for more general content related to this topicthiosulfuric acid
condition in which the blood pressure is abnormally low, either because of reduced blood volume or because of increased blood-vessel capacity. Though not in itself an indication of ill health, ... [2 Related Articles]
(from the article "drug") ...by reducing the cardiac output, and prazosin, which blocks the vasoconstrictor action of norepinephrine); calcium channel blockers (e.g., nifedipine); and nitrates (e.g., nitroglycerin tablets). Hypotensive drugs, particularly nitroglycerine tablets and ...
(from the article "hormone") ...perhaps entirely, in the hypothalamic region there. Much remains to be learned about this system, which involves the passage into the adenohypophysis of neurosecretions from the hypothalamus called hypothalamic releasing ...
(from the article "endocrine system, human") Two portal circulations in which hormones are transported are present in the human body. One system, the hypothalamic-hypophyseal portal circulation, collects blood from capillaries originating in the hypothalamus and, through ...
(from the article "endocrine system") The hypothalamic-pituitary-target organ axes of all vertebrates are similar. The hypothalamic neurosecretory system is poorly developed in the most primitive of the living Agnatha vertebrates, the hagfishes, but all of ...
region of the brain lying below the thalamus and making up the floor of the third cerebral ventricle. The hypothalamus contains a control centre for many functions of the autonomic ... [31 Related Articles]
(from the article "fungus") ...that it usually cannot be removed intact. Some crustose lichens grow beneath the surface of bark or rock so that only their fruiting structures penetrate the surface. Crustose lichens may ...
in Roman law, a type of security for a debt in which the creditor had neither ownership nor possession. It arose in cases in which a renter needed the use ... [1 Related Articles]
abnormally low body temperature in a warm-blooded creature, associated with a general slowing of physiologic activity. Hibernating animals allow their body temperatures to fall to levels only slightly above ambient ... [2 Related Articles]
(from the article "logic") ...second area is model theory, which investigates the various structures about which formal theories can be constructed. Here the emphasis is on what cannot be validly deduced from a set ...
(from the article "statistics") Hypothesis testing is a form of statistical inference that uses data from a sample to draw conclusions about a population parameter or a population probability distribution. First, a tentative assumption ...
(from the article "categorical imperative") ...or absolute for all agents, the validity or claim of which does not depend on any ulterior motive or end. "Thou shalt not steal," for example, is categorical as distinct ...
(from the article "applied logic") Other truth functional connectives are easily constructed using combinations of these gates. For example, the conditional, ( p ⊃ q), is represented by:categorical propositions
(from the article "logic, history of") Theophrastus is also credited with investigations into hypothetical syllogisms. A hypothetical proposition, for Theophrastus, is a proposition made up of two or more component propositions (e.g., "p or q," or ...
procedure for the construction of a scientific theory that will account for results obtained through direct observation and experimentation and that will, through inference, predict further effects that can then ... [3 Related Articles]
any dorsoventrally flattened, oval protozoan of the ciliate order Hypotrichida, very widely distributed in both fresh and salt water. Instead of having simple cilia (hairlike processes), the hypotrichs have groups ...
(from the article "respiration, human") ...in oxygen and carbon dioxide transport, impaired oxygen exchange is far more common than impaired carbon dioxide exchange. Mechanisms of abnormal gas exchange are grouped into four categories-hypoventilation, shunting, ventilation-blood ...
(from the article "diagnosis") Shock occurs when blood pressure falls to extremely low levels. The underlying cause of this precipitous drop characterizes shock; for example, hypovolemic shock is caused by inadequate blood volume, cardiogenic ...
(from the article "metabolic disease") ...may be curative, and gene therapy has shown promise, but enzyme replacement therapy is the standard treatment. Lesch-Nyhan syndrome is an X-linked condition caused by a deficiency in the enzyme ...
(from the article "blood disease") ...altitudes is a direct result of the diminished oxygen pressure in the environment. Chronic pulmonary disease (e.g., emphysema-abnormal distension of the lungs with air) may produce chronic hypoxemia (reduced oxygen ...
condition of the body in which the tissues are starved of oxygen. In its extreme form, where oxygen is entirely absent, the condition is called anoxia. There are four types ... [6 Related Articles]
small to medium-sized herbivorous dinosaurs that flourished about 115 million to 110 million years ago during the Early Cretaceous Period. Hypsilophodon was up to 2 metres (6.5 feet) long and ... [1 Related Articles]
(from the article "ornithopod") ...to 65 million years ago) and were one of the most successful and enduring dinosaur lineages. Ornithopoda consisted of several subgroups, including Fabrosauridae, Heterodontosauridae, Hypsilophodontidae, Iguanodontidae, and Hadrosauridae (the duck-billed ...
in Greek legend, daughter of Dionysus's son Thoas, king of the island of Lemnos. When the women of Lemnos, furious at their husbands' betrayal, murdered all the men on the ...
(from the article "perissodactyl") Associated with these changes in the tooth surfaces is a tendency for the crown to become higher. High-crowned teeth are termed hypsodont. The hollows between the lophs of hypsodont teeth ...
(from the article "map") ...Hill shading requires considerable artistry, as well as the ability to visualize shapes and interpret contours. For a satisfactory result, background contours are a necessary guide to the artist. Hypsographic ...
cumulative height frequency curve for the Earth's surface or some part thereof. A hypsometric curve is essentially a graph that shows the proportion of land area that exists at various ... [1 Related Articles]
(from the article "ocean") ...sparse depth measurements accumulated by individual wire soundings, while the more recent work had the benefit of acoustic depth soundings collected since the 1920s. This type of analysis, called hypsometry, ...
(from the article "perissodactyl") The amynodonts are known from the late Eocene and Oligocene of Eurasia and America and lived in Asia until the Miocene. They were a side branch, perhaps derived from primitive ...
any of six species of small hoofed mammals (ungulates) native to Africa and extreme southwestern Asia. Hyraxes and pikas are sometimes called conies or rock rabbits, but the terms are ... [3 Related Articles]
("Wolf's Land"), ancient region located southeast of the Caspian Sea. Its capital was Zadracarta (Astrabad, modern Gorgan), and it formed part of the Median, Achaemenian, Seleucid, and Parthian empires, either ... [1 Related Articles]
(from the article "Ramsay, Allan") The son of the poet and literary antiquary Allan Ramsay, he received rudimentary artistic training in Edinburgh and then went to London and worked with the Swedish portrait painter Hans ...
(from the article "Mesene") ancient Parthian vassal state located in the south of Babylonia (modern southern Iraq). After the fall of the Seleucid king Antiochus VII Sidetes in 129 BC, a local prince, Hyspaosines ...
(Hyssopus officinalis), garden herb of the mint family (Lamiaceae, or Labiatae) whose flowers and evergreen leaves have long been used as a flavouring for foods and beverages and as a ... [1 Related Articles]
protector and follower of the Iranian prophet Zoroaster. Son of Aurvataspa (Lohrasp) of the Naotara family, Hystaspes was a local ruler (kavi) in a country called in the Avesta (the ... [1 Related Articles]
(from the article "fungus") ...may be olive-shaped, usually rough; included in subclass Phallomycetidae; example genera include Gomphus, Gautieria, and Ramaria. Most are saprobic; resembles puffballs when small, becoming pear-shaped and finally globose when ...
surgical removal of the complete uterus (total hysterectomy) or of the complete uterus except for the cervix (subtotal hysterectomy). The cervix is the outermost portion of the uterus, which projects ... [4 Related Articles]
lagging of the magnetization of a ferromagnetic material, such as iron, behind variations of the magnetizing field. When ferromagnetic materials are placed within a coil of wire carrying an electric ... [6 Related Articles]
(from the article "damping") Besides these external kinds of damping, there is energy loss within the moving structure itself that is called hysteresis damping or, sometimes, structural damping. In hysteresis damping, some of the ...
(from the article "magnetism") ...positive saturation value. Further cycles of H retrace the broken curve, which is known as the hysteresis curve, because the change in B always lags behind the change in H. ...
(from the article "hysteresis") ...cycle may be continued so that the graph of the flux density lagging behind the field strength appears as a complete loop, known as a hysteresis loop. The energy lost ...
(from the article "electric motor") A distinctive feature of synchronous motors is that the speed is uniquely related to the supply frequency. As a result, several special types of synchronous motors have found wide application ...
(from the article "fungus") ...and endophytic in plants; ascospores are forcibly discharged; example genera include Botryosphaeria and Guignardia.Found on woody branches of trees; ...
(from the article "memory abnormality") Hysterical amnesia is of two main types. One involves the failure to recall particular past events or those falling within a particular period of the patient's life. This is essentially ...
(from the article "infertility") ...tract; PID often follows infection with an STD, such as gonorrhea or chlamydia. The traditional test for evaluating the patency (openness) of the fallopian tubes is a radiological exam called ...
(from the article "abortion") ...contractions; alternatively, the administration of prostaglandins by injection, suppository, or other method may be used to induce contractions, but these substances may cause severe side effects. Hysterotomy, the surgical removal ...
(from the article "rodent") ...species in 1 genus, 8 extinct genera. Late Eocene to present in North America, Oligocene and Miocene in Europe, Pliocene in Asia.16 extant families (8 extinct families ...
town (parish), Shepway district, administrative and historic county of Kent, England, on the English Channel coast at the eastern end of Romney Marsh and on the Royal Military Canal. (The ... [1 Related Articles]
When Stuff Happens-David Hare's dissection of the Second Persian Gulf War, with U.S. Pres. George W. Bush, members of his administration, and British Prime Minister Tony Blair as the main ... [4 Related Articles]
major diversified corporation in South Korea. The international company supplies a product line that ranges from ships to stereo equipment. Headquarters are in Seoul. [2 Related Articles]
(from the article "tae kwon do") ...do is carried out by learning individual techniques of kicking, punching, and blocking, which are practiced in combined series of techniques in traditional sets known as hyung. ...
city, southern Finland, north of Helsinki. It is the centre of Finland's woollen industry, and is an important rail junction with direct lines to the ports of Hanko (Hango, the ...
Welsh warrior-prince and poet who was the first to develop the courtly love lyric in Welsh in the manner of the troubadours. Among his eight extant compositions is a [1 Related Articles]
chieftain called in the prologues to the Welsh lawbooks "king of all Wales." This epithet was indeed appropriate for Hywel, particularly during the last years of his reign. [3 Related Articles]
