| | - Halemaumau Pit
- (from the article "Kilauea") ...floor of Kilauea's caldera went through several periods of lava filling and collapse. By 1919 it assumed its present depth of 500 feet (150 m). The floor, paved with recent ...
- Halepa, Pact of
- convention signed in October 1878 at Khalepa, a suburb of Canea, by which the Turkish sultan Abdulhamid II (ruled 1876-1909) granted a large degree of self-government to Greeks in Crete ...
- Hales, Stephen
- English botanist, physiologist, and clergyman who pioneered quantitative experimentation in plant and animal physiology. [3 Related Articles]
- Halevy, Elie
- French historian, author of the best detailed general account of 19th-century British history, Histoire du peuple anglais au XIXe siecle, 6 vol. (1913-47; A History of the English People in ...
- Halevy, Fromental
- French composer whose five-act grand opera La Juive (1835; "The Jewess") was, with Giacomo Meyerbeer's Les Huguenots, the prototype of early French grand opera. [1 Related Articles]
- Halevy, Ludovic
- French librettist and novelist who, in collaboration with Henri Meilhac, wrote the librettos for most of the operettas of Jacques Offenbach and who also wrote satiric comedies about contemporary Parisian ... [2 Related Articles]
- Haley, Alex
- American writer whose works of historical fiction and reportage depicted the struggles of African Americans. [2 Related Articles]
- Haley, Bill
- American singer and songwriter considered by many to be the father of rock and roll thanks to his 1955 hit "Rock Around the Clock." [3 Related Articles]
- Haley, Jack, Jr.
- American film and television producer and director (b. Oct. 25, 1933, Los Angeles, Calif.-d. April 21, 2001, Santa Monica, Calif.), produced That's Entertainment! (1974), a celebrated collection of highlights from ...
- Haley, Margaret Angela
- American educator, a strong proponent and organizer of labour unions for Chicago public school teachers.
- Haley, Sir William
- director general of the British Broadcasting Corporation (BBC) from 1944 to 1952, editor of The Times of London from 1952 to 1966, and editor in chief of ... [1 Related Articles]
- half cadence
- (from the article "cadence") The half cadence ends the phrase on a dominant chord, which in tonal music does not sound final; that is, the phrase ends with unresolved harmonic tension. Thus a half ...
- half hitch
- (from the article "knot") A half hitch (E) is the simplest form of hitch and is actually a variant of the overhand knot. It is made by passing the end of a rope around ...
- Half Moon
- (from the article "international relations") ...arsenal consisted of a mere handful of warheads and only 32 long-range bombers converted for their delivery. Second, the military was at a loss as to how to use the ...
- half rhyme
- in prosody, two words that have only their final consonant sounds and no preceding vowel or consonant sounds in common (such as stopped and wept, or parable and shell). The ...
- half volley
- (from the article "cricket") ...and uncertainty as to exactly where and how it will pitch. A good-length ball is one that causes the batsman to be uncertain whether to move forward to play his ...
- half-ass
- (from the article "ass") Asses are small, sturdy animals, ranging from 90 to 150 cm (3 to 5 feet) high at the shoulder. The African wild ass is bluish gray to fawn; the half-ass, ...
- half-bred
- (from the article "Thoroughbred") A horse having only one Thoroughbred parent is called a Grade Thoroughbred in the United States and a half-bred in Great Britain. Grade Thoroughbreds may be used as hunters, polo ...
- Half-Breed
- (from the article "United States") Garfield had not been closely identified with either the Stalwarts or the Half-Breeds, the two major factions within the Republican Party, but, upon becoming president, he upset the Stalwarts by ...
- half-clear benefit
- (from the article "benefit performance") ...several types of benefit. The clear benefit, coveted by all performers, provided the actor with the full proceeds of his performance, the management agreeing to pay all additional charges. With ...
- half-court offense
- (from the article "basketball") ...not have the opportunity for a fast break, employ a more deliberate style of offense. The guards carefully bring the ball down the court toward the basket and maintain possession ...
- half-duplex transmission
- (from the article "telephone and telephone system") ...may operate in a variety of transmission modes, including simplex, half-duplex, and full-duplex. Simplex transmission is one-way transmission between a transmitter and a corresponding receiver. In half-duplex transmission, two-way transmission ...
- half-hitch coiling
- (from the article "basketry") In half-hitch coiling, the thread forms half hitches (simple knots) holding the coils in place, the standard serving only as a support. There is a relationship between half-hitch coiling and ...
- half-life
- in radioactivity, the interval of time required for one-half of the atomic nuclei of a radioactive sample to decay (change spontaneously into other nuclear species by emitting particles and energy), ... [12 Related Articles]
- half-moon conure
- (from the article "conure") ...Conures are found from Mexico to Argentina. Several are familiar caged birds; though handsome, they tend to be bad-tempered, have unpleasant calls, and usually do not mimic. Among them is ...
- half-roll
- (from the article "air warfare") A diving maneuver called the split-S, half-roll, or Abschwung was frequently executed against bombers. Heavily armed fighters such as the British Hurricane or the German Fw-190, instead of approaching from ...
- half-timber work
- method of building in which external and internal walls are constructed of timber frames and the spaces between the structural members are filled with such materials as brick, plaster, or ... [1 Related Articles]
- half-track
- motor vehicle that has wheels in the front and tanklike tracks at the back. Rugged armoured all-terrain half-tracks were widely used by American and German forces in World War II ... [1 Related Articles]
- half-truth
- (from the article "formal logic") ...John's children are asleep" (assuming that John has no children)-the question of truth or falsity "does not arise." Another view is that a third truth value (say "half-truth") ought to ...
- half-uncial
- (from the article "majuscule") ...forerunners was a script called uncial-a rounder, more open majuscule form influenced by cursive. Uncial was the most common script used to write books from the 4th to the 8th ...
- half-wave dipole antenna
- (from the article "radar") The half-wave dipole, whose dimension is one-half of the radar wavelength, is the classic type of electromagnetic antenna. A single dipole is not of much use for radar, since it ...
- half-wave rectifier
- (from the article "rectifier") If only one polarity of an alternating current is used to produce a pulsating direct current, the process is called half-wave rectification. When both polarities are used, producing a continuous ...
- Half-Way Covenant
- religious-political solution adopted by 17th-century New England Congregationalists, also called Puritans, that allowed the children of baptized but unconverted church members to be baptized and thus become church members and ... [5 Related Articles]
- Halfan
- (from the article "Ibero-Maurusian industry") ...culture in Spain, which is broadly contemporary (c. 15,000 BC). Subsequent study, however, suggests that the Ibero-Maurusian industry is derived from a Nile River valley culture known as Halfan, which ...
- halfbeak
- any of about 70 species of marine and freshwater fishes of the family Hemiramphidae (order Atheriniformes). Halfbeaks are named for their unusual jaws-the upper is short and triangular, and the ... [1 Related Articles]
- Halfdan
- founder of the Danish kingdom of York (875/876), supposedly the son of Ragnar Lodbrok, the most famous Viking of the 9th century.
- Halffter, Rodolfo
- (from the article "Latin American music") Latin American composers by and large followed international trends in the 20th century. In Mexico, Rodolfo Halffter at different times expressed the neoclassic aesthetic, then used polytonality, 12-tone techniques, and ...
- halfmoon
- (Medialuna californiensis), edible Pacific fish of the family Kyphosidae (order Perciformes). Some authorities place it in the subfamily Scorpidinae, as distinct from the other Kyphosidae, which are known as sea ...
- halftone process
- in printing, a technique of breaking up an image into a series of dots so as to reproduce the full tone range of a photograph or tone art work. Breaking ... [5 Related Articles]
- Haliburton, Thomas Chandler
- Canadian writer best known as the creator of Sam Slick, a resourceful Yankee clock peddler and cracker-barrel philosopher whose encounters with a variety of people illuminated Haliburton's view of human ... [2 Related Articles]
- halibut
- any of various flatfishes (order Pleuronectiformes), especially the large and valuable Atlantic and Pacific halibuts of the genus Hippoglossus. Both, as flatfishes, have the eyes and colour on one side ... [2 Related Articles]
- Halicarnassus
- ancient Greek city of Caria, situated on the Gulf of Cerameicus. According to tradition, it was founded by Dorian Troezen in the Peloponnese. Herodotus, a Halicarnassian, relates that in early ... [3 Related Articles]
- Halicarnassus, Mausoleum of
- one of the Seven Wonders of the World. The monument was the tomb of Mausolus, the tyrant of Caria in southwestern Asia Minor, and was built between about 353 and ... [10 Related Articles]
- Halictidae
- (from the article "bee") ...are primitive wasplike bees consisting of five or six subfamilies, about 45 genera, and some 3,000 species; Andrenidae, which are medium-sized solitary mining bees, including some parasitic species; Halictidae (mining, ...
- Halictus malachurus
- (from the article "hymenopteran") The social behaviour of Halictus (Evylaeus) malachurus has advanced another step. Morphological differences are apparent between the ovipositing female and the assisting females. The latter are poorly fed as larvae ...
- Halictus quadricinctus
- (from the article "hymenopteran") The activities of certain solitary bees of the subfamily Halictinae are helpful in understanding certain aspects of the evolution of the highly organized hymenopteran societies. The females of Halictus quadricinctus ...
- halide
- (from the article "halogen element") ...another element, a halogen is itself reduced; i.e., the oxidation number 0 of the free element is reduced to −1. The halogens can combine with other elements to form compounds ...
- halide mineral
- any of a group of naturally occurring inorganic compounds that are salts of the halogen acids (e.g., hydrochloric acid). Such compounds, with the notable exceptions ... [2 Related Articles]
- Halidon Hill, Battle of
- (July 19, 1333), major engagement in Scotland's protracted struggle for political independence from England. The battle ended in a complete rout of Scottish forces attempting to relieve Berwick-upon-Tweed, which was ... [2 Related Articles]
- Halifax
- city, capital of Nova Scotia, Canada, and seat (1759) of Halifax county. It lies on Halifax Harbour, an inlet of the Atlantic Ocean, in the central part of the outer ... [6 Related Articles]
- Halifax
- town, metropolitan borough of Calderdale, metropolitan county of West Yorkshire, historic county of Yorkshire, northern England. An old market town for grain, wool, and cloth trades, it lost its preeminence ...
- Halifax
- British heavy bomber used during World War II. The Halifax was designed by Handley Page, Ltd., in response to a 1936 Royal Air Force (RAF) requirement for a bomber powered ... [1 Related Articles]
- Halifax
- town, seat of Halifax county, northeastern North Carolina, U.S., on the Roanoke River about 70 miles (113 km) northeast of Raleigh. Settled about 1723, it was made a colonial borough ...
- Halifax Resolves
- (from the article "Halifax") ...Dunk, 2nd earl of Halifax. It thrived as a river port, and between 1776 and about 1782 it was an important political and social centre and a site of the ...
- Halifax, Charles Montagu, 1st earl of, Viscount Sunbury
- Whig statesman, a financial genius who created several of the key elements of England's system of public finance. [1 Related Articles]
- Halifax, Edward Frederick Lindley Wood, 1st earl of
- British viceroy of India (1925-31), foreign secretary (1938-40), and ambassador to the United States (1941-46). [2 Related Articles]
- Halifax, Fort
- (from the article "Kennebec") ...(built 1829-32), and the University of Maine at Augusta (opened 1965). Other cities are Hallowell, Gardiner, and Waterville, which is the home of Colby College (founded 1813). Winslow contains Fort ...
- Halifax, George Montagu Dunk, 2nd earl of
- English statesman, after whom the city of Halifax, Nova Scotia, is named.
- Halifax, George Savile, 1st marquess of
- English statesman and political writer known as "The Trimmer" because of his moderating position in the fierce party struggles of his day. Although his conciliatory approach frequently made him a ... [1 Related Articles]
- Halik Mountains
- (from the article "Tien Shan") ...where at an elevation of 6,801 feet (2,073 metres) lies the great undrained Lake Sayram. The Ili depression is bounded to the south by the highest mountains in the central ...
- Halil, Patrona
- Turkish bath waiter, who, after a Turkish defeat by Persia, led a mob uprising (1730) that replaced the Ottoman sultan Ahmed III (ruled 1703-30) with Mahmud I (ruled 1730-54). This ... [2 Related Articles]
- Halim Pasa, Said
- Ottoman statesman who served as grand vizier (chief minister) from 1913 to 1916. [1 Related Articles]
- Halimah bint Abi Dhu'ayb
- (from the article "rada'") ...to suckle their children in the belief that a healthy Bedouin woman would raise healthier children. The Prophet Muhammad himself was said to have been suckled by a famous Bedouin ...
- Halimi, Alphonse
- Algerian-born boxer (b. Feb. 18, 1932, Constantine, French Algeria-d. Nov. 12, 2006, Paris, France), held the world bantamweight title twice, 1957-59 and 1960-61. He was born into a poor Jewish ...
- Haliotis
- (from the article "gastropod") From earliest times, humans have used many snail species as food. Periwinkles (Littorina) in Europe and South Africa, queen conchs (Strombus gigas) in the West Indies, abalones (Haliotis) in California ...
- Halisahar
- city, southeastern West Bengal state, northeastern India, just east of the Hooghly River. Halisahar is a noted home of Sanskrit scholars, or pandits. It was constituted a municipality in 1903 ...
- halite
- naturally occurring sodium chloride (NaCl), common or rock salt. Halite occurs on all continents in beds that range from a few metres to more than 300 m (1,000 feet) in ... [12 Related Articles]
- halitza
- (Hebrew: "drawing off"), Jewish ritual whereby a widow is freed from the biblical obligation of marrying her brother-in-law (levirate marriage) in cases where her husband died without issue. To enable ...
- Hall Braille writer
- (from the article "Braille") Braille is also produced by special machines with six keys, one for each dot in the Braille cell. The first Braille writing machine, the Hall Braille writer, was invented in ...
- hall church
- church in which the aisles are approximately equal in height to the nave. The interior is typically lit by large aisle windows, instead of a clerestory, and has an open ... [3 Related Articles]
- Hall current
- (from the article "geomagnetic field") ...by charge accumulation in the magnetosphere, they flow in the same direction as the electric field. The electrojet currents are thus at right angles to the electric field. Such a ...
- Hall effect
- development of a transverse electric field in a solid material when it carries an electric current and is placed in a magnetic field that is perpendicular to the current. This ... [8 Related Articles]
- Hall field
- (from the article "magnetohydrodynamic power generator") ...for its discoverer, the American physicist Edwin H. Hall. As a result of this effect, the electric current flows at an angle across the channel. An additional electric field, called ...
- Hall for Chamber Music
- (from the article "Berlin") ...of modern art (Neue Nationalgalerie); the gallery was the last creation of architect Ludwig Mies van der Rohe, who worked in Berlin and Dessau (Bauhaus) until 1938, when he emigrated ...
- Hall generator
- (from the article "magnetohydrodynamic power generator") ...electrode walls are segmented and insulated from each other to support the axial electric field and the electric power is taken out in a series of loads. In the alternate ...
- Hall of Worthies
- (from the article "Korea, history of") ...of movable-type printing, developed in Korea in 1234, many publications were produced in such fields as medicine, astronomy, geography, history, and agriculture. In 1420 a royal academy called the Hall ...
- Hall v. De Cuir
- (from the article "Waite, Morrison Remick") ...that, despite its apparently plain language, the Fifteenth Amendment had not conferred a federal right of suffrage on blacks, because "the right to vote comes from the states." In Hall ...
- Hall voltage
- (from the article "Hall effect") ...of the conductor leaves the other side oppositely charged and produces a difference of potential. An appropriate meter may detect this difference as a positive or negative voltage. The sign ...
- Hall's theorem
- (from the article "combinatorics") The following theorem due to Konig is closely related to Hall's theorem and can be easily deduced from it. Conversely, Hall's theorem can be deduced from Konig's: If the elements ...
- Hall, Adelaide
- U.S.-born jazz improviser whose wordless rhythms ushered in what became known as scat singing. [1 Related Articles]
- Hall, Asaph
- American astronomer who discovered the two moons of Mars, Deimos and Phobos, in 1877 and calculated their orbits. [3 Related Articles]
- Hall, Basil
- British naval officer and traveler remembered for noteworthy accounts of his visits to the Orient, Latin America, and the United States.
- Hall, Ben
- (from the article "Forbes") ...the Lachlan River. Named after former New South Wales chief justice Sir Francis Forbes, it was proclaimed a town in 1861 during a gold rush and became a municipality in ...
- Hall, Carl Christian
- Danish politician whose policies led Denmark into a disastrous war with Germany. [1 Related Articles]
- Hall, Charles Francis
- American explorer who made three Arctic expeditions. [3 Related Articles]
- Hall, Charles Martin
- American chemist who discovered the electrolytic method of producing aluminum, thus bringing the metal into wide commercial use. [5 Related Articles]
- Hall, Chester Moor
- English jurist and mathematician who invented the achromatic lens, which he utilized in building the first refracting telescope free from chromatic aberration (colour distortion). [1 Related Articles]
- Hall, Cliff
- Jamaican musician sang lead vocals and played harmonica and guitar with the internationally renowned Liverpool-based folk band the Spinners, one of the first multiracial groups in British pop music. Following ...
- Hall, Conrad L.
- American cinematographer (b. June 21, 1926, Papeete, Tahiti, French Polynesia-d. Jan. 4, 2003, Santa Monica, Calif.), had a half-century-long career during which he gained renown as a master of the ... [2 Related Articles]
- Hall, Donald
- American poet, essayist, and critic, whose poetic style moved from studied formalism to greater emphasis on personal expression. [2 Related Articles]
- Hall, Edward
- (from the article "communication") Of more general, cross-cultural significance are the theories involved in the study of proxemics developed by an American anthropologist, Edward Hall. Proxemics involves the ways in which people in various ...
- Hall, Edward
- English historian whose chronicle was one of the chief sources of William Shakespeare's history plays. [5 Related Articles]
- Hall, Edward Nathaniel
- American engineer, (b. Aug. 4, 1914, New York, N.Y.-d. Jan. 15, 2006, Torrance, Calif.), was considered by many of his peers to have been the father of the U.S. Air ...
- Hall, Edwin Herbert
- (from the article "Hall effect") ...field in a solid material when it carries an electric current and is placed in a magnetic field that is perpendicular to the current. This phenomenon was discovered in 1879 ...
- Hall, Emmett Matthew
- Canadian lawyer and judge (b. Nov. 29, 1898, St-Colomban, Que.--d. Nov. 12, 1995, Saskatoon, Sask.), had a long legal career but had a larger impact outside the courtroom as an ...
- Hall, Floris Adriaan van
- (from the article "William II") William II became king of The Netherlands in October 1840 on his father's abdication. Although he lacked William I's abilities as a statesman and financier, he was fortunate in his ...
- Hall, Frank H.
- (from the article "Braille") Braille is also produced by special machines with six keys, one for each dot in the Braille cell. The first Braille writing machine, the Hall Braille writer, was invented in ...
- Hall, G. Stanley
- psychologist who gave early impetus and direction to the development of psychology in the United States. Frequently regarded as the founder of child psychology and educational psychology, he also did ... [4 Related Articles]
- Hall, Gary, Jr.
- (from the article "Swimming") The champions from the 2000 Games in Sydney, Australia, in both the shortest and longest swimming events defended their titles, but both were pushed to the limit. Gary Hall, Jr., ...
- Hall, George
- (from the article "Cardiff Giant") famous hoax perpetrated by George Hall (or Hull) of Binghamton, New York, U.S. A block of gypsum was quarried near Fort Dodge, Iowa, and shipped to Chicago, Illinois. There it ...
- Hall, Gus
- American political organizer who was general secretary of the Communist Party of the United States of America (CPUSA; 1959-2000) and a four-time candidate for U.S. president (1972, 1976, 1980, 1984). [1 Related Articles]
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