(from the article "Varnhagen von Ense, Rahel") Levin was from a wealthy Jewish family of Berlin. Her brother Ludwig Robert was a minor playwright. Literary salons presided over by such women as Levin and Henriette Herz became ...
Canadian physicist and winner of the 1971 Nobel Prize for Chemistry for his work in determining the electronic structure and geometry of molecules, especially free radicals-groups of atoms that contain ... [1 Related Articles]
political thinker, activist, and writer who originated the theory of a unique Russian path to socialism known as peasant populism. Herzen chronicled his career in My Past and Thoughts (1861-67), ... [4 Related Articles]
(from the article "Herzl, Theodor") ...was buried in Vienna, but, in accordance with his wish, his remains were removed to Jerusalem in 1949 after the creation of the Jewish state and entombed on a hill ...
founder of the political form of Zionism, a movement to establish a Jewish homeland. His pamphlet The Jewish State (1896) proposed that the Jewish question was a political question to ... [9 Related Articles]
city, west central Israel, on the Plain of Sharon and the Mediterranean Sea, at the north of the Tel Aviv-Yafo metropolitan area. Founded in 1924 with the financial backing of ...
(from the article "Architecture") Architects found new ways to make sports stadiums spectacular and memorable. In Munich, Herzog and de Meuron designed a soccer stadium that was nicknamed "the Ring of Fire." Shaped like ...
(from the article "library") ...Bibliotheque du Roi) to form the Bibliotheque Nationale, today one of the world's great libraries. August, Duke von Braunschweig, established a library in 1604 that later became the Herzog August ...
Irish-born Israeli politician, soldier, lawyer, and author. He was an eloquent and passionate spokesman for the Zionist cause and was instrumental in the development of Israel, both as a soldier ... [1 Related Articles]
scholar, author, religious philosopher, lecturer, chief rabbi of the Irish Free State (1925-36), and chief rabbi of Palestine (later Israel) from 1936. Herzog made significant contributions to reconciling the necessities ...
The 2001 Pritzker Architecture Prize was awarded to Jacques Herzog and Pierre de Meuron, a pair of Swiss architects whose modernist designs were characterized by a reliance on established architectural ... [3 Related Articles]
The 2001 Pritzker Architecture Prize was awarded to Jacques Herzog and Pierre de Meuron, a pair of Swiss architects whose modernist designs were characterized by a reliance on established architectural ... [3 Related Articles]
Swiss architects known for their reappropriation of traditional architectural elements and their inventive use of both natural and artificial materials. The pair was jointly awarded the Pritzker Prize in 2001. [1 Related Articles]
German Protestant theologian, professor of church history (University of Halle, 1847-54) and New Testament exegesis (University of Erlangen, 1854-77), and authority on the Hussite-Waldensian church. He compiled and edited the ... [1 Related Articles]
(from the article "mass spectrometry") Two of the best examples of double-focusing mass spectroscopes, both of which have been used in a variety of commercial instruments, were built by Mattauch and Richard Herzog in West ...
When the time came to choose a candidate for Germany's first postunification presidential election, Chancellor Helmut Kohl (q.v.) and his ruling Christian Democratic Union (CDU) sought out an easterner as ... [1 Related Articles]
German motion-picture director whose unusual films capture men and women at psychological extremes. With Rainer Werner Fassbinder and Volker Schlondorff, Herzog led the influential postwar West German cinema movement. [4 Related Articles]
(from the article "Belgium") A region of sand and clay soils lying between 150 and 650 feet (45 and 200 metres) in elevation, the Central Plateaus cover northern Hainaut, Walloon Brabant, southern Flemish Brabant, ...
American Roman Catholic priest and educator under whose presidency the University of Notre Dame in South Bend, Ind., became as respected for its academic record as for its athletic one ...
Jewish theologian and philosopher, noted for his presentation of the prophetic and mystical aspects of Judaism and for his attempt to construct a modern philosophy of religion on the basis ... [1 Related Articles]
town, Pas-de-Calais departement, Nord-Pas-de-Calais region, northern France, 20 mi (32 km) north-northeast of Abbeville. It was founded in 1554 by the Holy Roman emperor Charles V and ...
(from the article "garden and landscape design") ...regularly around a lawn, interspersed with marble seats. Such a garden suggests that Frederick II's classicizing influence extended into the mid-14th century. Also significant was the garden of Hesdin in ...
infamous Chinese courtier whose influence with the aged Qianlong emperor (reigned 1735-96) allowed him to monopolize major governmental posts and oppress the people. [2 Related Articles]
a leading English Parliamentarian from the beginning of the Long Parliament (1640) to the founding of Oliver Cromwell's Protectorate (1653). He emerged briefly as a powerful figure during the confusion ...
one of the earliest Greek poets, often called the "father of Greek didactic poetry." Two of his complete epics have survived, the Theogony, relating the myths of the gods, and ... [16 Related Articles]
(from the article "annelid") ...with 0 to 3 pairs of eyes; parapodia well developed into 1 or 2 lobes usually bearing compound setae; size, 0.2 to over 1 m; examples of genera:
(from the article "art and architecture, Egyptian") The beginnings of the dynastic tradition can be found in tombs of the 3rd dynasty, such as that of Hesire at Saqqarah; it contained mural paintings of funerary equipment and ...
(from the article "Cambridge") ...municipality of Waterloo, southeastern Ontario, Canada. It lies 55 miles (90 km) west-southwest of Toronto. Cambridge was created in 1973 from the consolidation of the city of Galt, the towns ...
in Greek mythology, clear-voiced maidens who guarded the tree bearing golden apples that Gaea gave to Hera at her marriage to Zeus. According to Hesiod, they were the daughters of ... [1 Related Articles]
(from the article "Classification of fruits") ...torchwood), berries (Triphasia, limeberry), samaras (hop tree), and schizocarps (Helietta, barreta). The fruit of Citrus is a modified berry with a thick rind called a hesperidium, after the golden apples ...
(from the article "lepidopteran") ...adults with narrow, long-fringed wings often with metallic markings; larvae mostly leaf miners or stem borers, sometimes greatly flattened.3,500 species worldwide in 1 family; similar to true butterflies, ...
extinct birds found as fossils in Late Cretaceous Period deposits dating from about 120 million to 65 million years ago; this bird is known mostly from the Great Plains region ... [3 Related Articles]
extinct genus of brachiopods, or lamp shells, which as fossils are especially characteristic of Ordovician marine rocks (438 to 505 million years old). The plano-convex shell of Hesperorthis consists of ...
in Greco-Roman mythology, the evening star; although initially considered to be the son of Eos (the Dawn) and the Titan Astraeus, he was later said to be the son or ...
(from the article "Amerada Hess Corporation") ...was incorporated in 1920 as Amerada Corporation. It became Amerada Petroleum Corporation in 1941, upon merging with a subsidiary of that name, and adopted its present name in 1969 by ...
rule first enunciated by Germain Henri Hess, a Swiss-born Russian chemist, in 1840, stating that the heat absorbed or evolved in any chemical reaction is a fixed quantity and is ... [2 Related Articles]
(from the article "Chronica Hungarorum") the first book printed in Hungary, issued from the press of Andras Hess in Buda, now Budapest, on June 5, 1473. Hess, who was probably of German origin, dedicated the ...
(from the article "continental drift") ...ocean floor and the subsequent formulation of the concepts of seafloor spreading and plate tectonics provided further support for continental drift. During the early 1960s, the American geophysicist Harry H. ...
American oil tycoon and owner of the National Football League's New York Jets; his oil production and exploration company, Amerada Hess Corp., was the foundation of a personal fortune estimated ...
German journalist and socialist who influenced Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels and who was an important early proponent of Zionism. [2 Related Articles]
American obstetrician and gynecologist (b. June 18, 1906, Margaretville, N.Y.-d. Sept. 6, 2002, New Haven, Conn.), developed the first fetal heart monitor, at the Yale University Medical School, in 1957. ...
German National Socialist who was Adolf Hitler's deputy as party leader. He created an international sensation when in 1941 he secretly flew to Great Britain on an abortive self-styled mission ... [1 Related Articles]
Austrian-born physicist who was a joint recipient, with Carl D. Anderson of the United States, of the Nobel Prize for Physics in 1936 for his discovery of cosmic rays-high-energy radiation ... [1 Related Articles]
Swiss physiologist, who received (with Antonio Egas Moniz) the 1949 Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine for discovering the role played by certain parts of the brain in determining and ... [1 Related Articles]
(from the article "Art and Art Exhibitions") Venerated artists Eva Hesse, Frida Kahlo, and Lucio Fontana achieved new personal records in 2006. Hesse's painted relief An Ear in a Pond (1965) reached $2.26 million, while Fontana's stunning ...
German novelist, poet, and winner of the Nobel Prize for Literature in 1946, whose main theme deals with man's breaking out of the established modes of civilization to find his ... [3 Related Articles]
former landgraviate, grand duchy, and state of Germany. It was formed in 1567 in the division of old Hesse; after Hesse-Kassel was absorbed by Prussia in 1866, Hesse-Darmstadt was usually ... [1 Related Articles]
(from the article "point group") ...reflection in a plane, inversion about a centre, or sequential rotation and inversion. Only 32 distinct combinations of these point operations are possible, as demonstrated by a German mineralogist, Johann ...
Land (state) in the west-central part of Germany. Hessen is bounded by the states of Lower Saxony to the north, Thuringia to the east, Bavaria to the ... [3 Related Articles]
small fly in the gall midge family, Cecidomyiidae (order Diptera), that is very destructive to wheat crops. Though a native of Asia it was transported into Europe and later into ... [1 Related Articles]
(from the article "sulfide mineral") ...and each anion surrounded by eight metal cations-is called the antifluorite structure. It is the arrangement of some of the more valuable precious metal tellurides and selenides among which is ...
(from the article "Renoir, Jean") Undecided on a career, he studied ceramics with his brother at Cagnes-sur-mer, near Nice, where his family had settled. Early in 1920 he married one of his father's models, Andree ...
(from the article "Football") ...253 consecutive games started. Minnesota rookie Adrian Peterson set the single-game rushing record with 296 yd and led the league overall with 5.6 yd per rushing attempt, while Chicago kick ...
in Greek religion, goddess of the hearth, daughter of Cronus and Rhea, and one of the 12 Olympian deities. When the gods Apollo and Poseidon became suitors for her hand ...
American actor, known for his chiseled features and compelling speaking voice and for his numerous roles as historical figures and famous literary characters. [1 Related Articles]
(from the article "behaviour genetics") ...is warranted when results from these two methods converge on the same conclusion-as they usually do. An influential adoption study of schizophrenia in 1966 by American behavioral geneticist Leonard Heston ...
U.S. collegiate halfback who played with Fielding Yost's University of Michigan (Ann Arbor) teams that from 1901 through 1904 scored 2,326 points in 44 games to their opponents' 40 points.
in Eastern Christianity, type of monastic life in which practitioners seek divine quietness (Greek hesychia) through the contemplation of God in uninterrupted prayer. Such prayer, involving the entire human being-soul, ... [17 Related Articles]
author of the most important Greek lexicon known from antiquity, valued as a basic authority for the dialects and vocabularies of ancient inscriptions, poetic text, and the Greek Church Fathers. [1 Related Articles]
priest-monk, renowned in the Eastern Church as a theologian, biblical commentator, and preacher. He played a prominent role in the 5th-century controversy on the nature of Christ and was acclaimed ...
Byzantine historian and literary biographer whose chronicle of world history influenced later Byzantine historical accounts and provided singular data on the history of Constantinople. His works are also a valuable ...
(Female Companion), one of a class of professional independent courtesans of ancient Greece who, besides developing physical beauty, cultivated their minds and talents to a degree far beyond that allowed ... [1 Related Articles]
(from the article "Alexander the Great") ...but strengthened Alexander's position relative to his critics and those whom he regarded as his father's men. All Parmenio's adherents were now eliminated and men close to Alexander promoted. The ...
(from the article "dam") In the United States a similar but even more impassioned battle erupted in the early 20th century over plans by the city of San Francisco to build a reservoir in ...
ancient Egyptian queen, wife of the king Snefru, who bore the title "Daughter of God" and represented the direct royal blood line of the 4th dynasty (c. 2575-c. 2465 BCE). ... [2 Related Articles]
(from the article "Egypt, ancient") From the end of the 1st dynasty, there is evidence of rival claimants to the throne. One line may have become the 2nd dynasty, whose first king's Horus name, Hetepsekhemwy, ...
(from the article "heterocyclic compound") Aromaticity denotes the significant stabilization of a ring compound by a system of alternating single and double bonds-called a cyclic conjugated system-in which six pi electrons generally participate. A nitrogen ...
(from the article "chemical compound") ...to identify atoms or groups of atoms within a molecule that are sites of comparatively high reactivity. A second type of reactive site results when an atom other than carbon ...
(from the article "seed and fruit") ...dispersal mechanisms and dormancies, so that germination is spread out both in space and in time, the phenomenon can be seen as an insurance against catastrophe. The most spectacular example ...
(from the article "industrial polymers, major") A wide variety of heterochain polymers-that is, polymers in which the backbone contains elements such as oxygen, nitrogen, sulfur, or silicon in addition to carbon-are in commercial use. Many of ...
any protozoan of the plantlike flagellate order Heterochlorida. Heterochlorids have two flagella of unequal length and chromatophores with yellow to yellow-green pigments. Food reserves are stored as leucosin (a carbohydrate) ...
any of a major class of organic chemical compounds characterized by the fact that some or all of the atoms in their molecules are joined in rings containing at least ... [1 Related Articles]
(from the article "blue-green algae") ...the gaseous nitrogen of the air into compounds that can be used by living cells. Particularly efficient nitrogen fixers are found among the filamentous species that have specialized cells called ...
(from the article "hognose snake") ...neutralizing the toad's poisonous skin secretions physiologically. They lay 15 to 27 eggs underground. The widely distributed species are the eastern (Heterodon platyrhinos) and western (H. nasicus). Both are heavy-bodied ...
(from the article "hognose snake") ...live chiefly on toads and are capable of neutralizing the toad's poisonous skin secretions physiologically. They lay 15 to 27 eggs underground. The widely distributed species are the eastern (Heterodon ...
(from the article "bivalve") ...an incubatory marsupium; ovoviviparous; parasitically larviparous; freshwater; some cemented and oysterlike; mostly infaunal. About 1,200 species.Shell highly variable; hinge plate teeth may be reduced or absent; shell comprises crossed-lamellar, ...
(from the article "ornithopod") ...Period (227 million to 65 million years ago) and were one of the most successful and enduring dinosaur lineages. Ornithopoda consisted of several subgroups, including Fabrosauridae, Heterodontosauridae, Hypsilophodontidae, Iguanodontidae, and ...
(from the article "chondrichthian") ...usually equipped with tendrils for coiling around solid objects or with spikelike projections for anchoring in mud or sand. The egg cases of most species are more or less pillow-shaped; ...
(from the article "primate") A dentition with different kinds of teeth (heterodonty)-incisors, canines, and cheek teeth-is characteristic of all primates and indeed of mammals generally. Heterodonty is a primitive characteristic, and primates have evolved ...
(from the article "chess") The 20th century was marked by investigation of heterodox problems and greater elaboration of direct-mate problem themes. These problems, also called fairy chess, are distinguished from the orthodox problems considered ...
(from the article "louse") ...transfer of lice. Domestic and zoo animals sometimes have established populations of lice from different hosts, and pheasants and partridges often have flourishing populations of chicken lice. Heterodoxus spiniger, which ...
(from the article "nucleic acid") It is important to note that the initial product of recombination between two regions of DNA that are similar but not identical will be a "heteroduplex"-that is, a molecule in ...
(from the article "Meissner, Alexander") ...where he conducted research on radio problems. He improved the design of antennas for transmitting at long wavelengths, devised new vacuum-tube circuits and amplification systems, and developed the heterodyne principle ...
(from the article "crystal") ...homoepitaxy a crystal is grown on a substrate of the same material. Silicon layers of different impurity content, for example, are grown on silicon substrates in the manufacture of computer ...
(from the article "reproductive system, plant") ...cytoplasm (amoeboid motion). In their union, gametes may be morphologically indistinguishable (i.e., isogamous) or they may be distinguishable only on the criterion of size (i.e., heterogamous). The larger gamete, or ...
(from the article "fungus") Pathogenic in plants, some are mycoparasitic; includes some yeasts; contains four orders.Mycoparasitic; basidiocarps may be pycnidioid; example genus includes Heterogastridium.
(from the article "catalysis") Many catalytic processes are known in which the catalyst and the reactants are not present in the same phase-that is, state of matter. These are known as heterogeneous catalytic reactions. ...
(from the article "atmosphere") ...cloud droplets have too few molecules to create an ice crystal by random chance until the molecular motion is slowed as the temperature approaches −39 °C. When ice nuclei are ...
any of a class of chemical reactions in which the reactants are components of two or more phases (solid and gas, solid and liquid, two immiscible liquids) or in which ...
(from the article "marketing") With heterogeneous shopping goods, product features become more important to the consumer than price. Such is often the case with the purchase of major appliances, clothing, furniture, and high-tech equipment. ...
(from the article "animal behaviour") ...one another. If two or more stimuli are required to evoke a response, a weakness of one stimulus may be counterbalanced by the strength of another. Such a compensatory effect ...
(from the article "semiconductor device") To improve the performance of the MESFET, various heterojunction field-effect transistors (FETs) have been developed. A heterojunction is a junction formed between two dissimilar semiconductors, such as the binary compound ...
(from the article "reaction mechanism") When a covalent bond (a nonionic chemical bond formed by shared electrons) is made up of two electrons, each of which is supplied by a different atom, the process is ...
(from the article "fungus") ...of two basic structures. In a homoiomerous thallus, the algal cells, which are distributed throughout the structure, are more numerous than those of the fungus. The more common type of ...
(from the article "Triassic Period") ...there were more than 150 ceratitid genera; in the next stage, the Norian, there were fewer than 100, and finally in the Rhaetian Stage there were fewer than 10. In ...
