British biochemist, who received (with Christiaan Eijkman) the 1929 Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine for discovery of essential nutrient factors-now known as vitamins-needed in animal diets to maintain health.
British engineer and physicist who invented the three-wire system for electricity distribution and improved the design and efficiency of electric generators. In 1872 he became engineering manager of Chance Brothers ...
city, seat of Christian county, southwestern Kentucky, U.S. It originated as Christian Court House, was renamed Elizabeth, which became the county seat in 1797, and was renamed in 1804 to ...
ancient Greek heavily armed foot soldier whose function was to fight in close formation. Until his appearance, probably in the late 8th century BC, individual combat predominated in warfare. New ...
U.S. master of carom (balkline and three-cushion) billiards, was one of the most durable of all sports champions, winning 51 world titles between 1906 and 1952.
German physician, known for his work toward establishing physiological chemistry (biochemistry) as an academic discipline. He was the first to obtain lecithin in a pure form and introduced the word ...
U.S. painter whose realistic depictions of everyday urban scenes shock the viewer into recognition of the strangeness of familiar surroundings. He strongly influenced the Pop art and New Realist painters ...
American mathematician and rear admiral in the U.S. Navy who was a pioneer in developing computer technology, helping to devise UNIVAC I, the first commercial electronic computer, and naval applications ...
age-old children's game based on an idea of not treading on lines. Variations of the game are played in many countries. The game's English name expresses its object: to hop ...
Royalist commander in the first phase of the English Civil Wars between King Charles I and Parliament. One of the most talented of the king's generals, he secured southwestern England ...
city, Grays Harbor county, western Washington, U.S., on Grays Harbor at the mouth of the Hoquiam River, a deepwater port 12 miles (19 km) from the Pacific Ocean and adjacent ...
in Greco-Roman mythology, any one of the personifications of the seasons and goddesses of natural order; in the Iliad they were the custodians of the gates of Olympus. According to ...
folk dance of Romania and Israel, performed in a linked circle. The most popular Romanian hora, the Hora Mare, or Great Hora, is danced both on special occasions such as ...
outstanding Latin lyric poet and satirist under the emperor Augustus. The most frequent themes of his Odes and verse Epistles are love, friendship, philosophy, and the art of poetry.
private elementary and secondary school in New York, New York, U.S. It was founded in 1887 as a coeducational experimental school by the Teachers College of Columbia University to test ...
short lyric poem written in stanzas of two or four lines in the manner of the 1st-century-BC Latin poet Horace. In contrast to the lofty, heroic odes of the Greek ...
in Roman legend, two sets of triplet brothers whose story was probably fashioned to explain existing legal or ritual practices. The Horatii were Roman and the Curiatii Alban, although an ...
Roman hero traditionally of the late 6th century BC but undoubtedly legendary, who first with two companions and finally alone defended the Sublician bridge (in Rome) against Lars Porsena and ...
fylke (county), southwestern Norway. Its mainland portion is roughly semicircular, focussing on the city of Bergen (q.v.), which is Hordaland's county seat. The total area is 6,036 sq mi (15,634 ...
British secretary of state for war (1937-40) who instituted military conscription in the spring of 1939, a few months before the outbreak of World War II.
(Marrubium vulgare), bitter perennial herb of the mint family (Lamiaceae, or Labiatae) whose leaves and flowering tops are used as flavouring for beverages and candies and as a traditional medicine. ...
last king of the 18th dynasty of Egypt (reigned 1319-1292 BC); he restored the traditional Amon religion that a previous ruler, Akhenaton, had replaced with the worship of the god ...
a distinct layer of soil, approximately parallel with the land surface, whose properties develop from the combined actions of living organisms and percolating water. Because these actions can vary in ...
in astronomy, boundary where the sky seems to meet the ground or sea. (In astronomy it is defined as the intersection on the celestial sphere of a plane perpendicular to ...
gymnastics apparatus introduced in the early 19th century by the German Friedrich Jahn, usually considered the father of gymnastics. It is a polished steel bar 2.8 cm (1.1 inches) in ...
German philosopher who, as director of the Institute for Social Research (1930-41; 1950-58), developed an original interdisciplinary movement, known as critical theory, that combined Marxist-oriented political philosophy with social and ...
city, Donetsk oblast (province), eastern Ukraine. It lies in the centre of the Donets Basin industrial area on the headwaters of the small Korsun River. Horlivka was founded in 1867 ...
Swedish mathematician who was awarded the Fields Medal in 1962 for his work on partial differential equations. Between 1987 and 1990 he served as a vice president of the International ...
king of the Sasanian empire (reigned AD 272-273); he was the son and successor of Shapur I. Known before his accession as Hormizd-Ardashir, he acted as viceroy of the Persian ...
organic substance secreted by plants and animals that functions in the regulation of physiological activities and in maintaining homeostasis. Hormones carry out their functions by evoking responses from specific organs ...
ostan (province), southern Iran, bordering the Persian Gulf and the Gulf of Oman on the south and bounded by the ostans of Bushehr and Fars on the west and ...
mostly barren, hilly island of Iran on the Strait of Hormuz, between the Persian Gulf and the Gulf of Oman, 5 mi (8 km) off the coast. The population may ...
channel linking the Persian Gulf (west) with the Gulf of Oman and the Arabian Sea (southeast). The strait is 35 to 60 mi (55 to 95 km) wide and separates ...
in zoology, either of the pair of hard processes that grow from the upper portion of the head of many hoofed mammals. The term is also loosely applied to antlers ...
in music, any of several wind instruments sounded by vibration of the player's tensed lips against a mouthpiece and primarily derived from animal horns blown at the truncated narrow end ...
any coral of the order Rugosa, which first appeared in the geologic record during the Ordovician Period, which began 505 million years ago; the Rugosa persisted through the Permian Period, ...
(Haematobia irritans), insect of the family Muscidae (order Diptera) and a serious cattle pest. Adult horn flies cluster at the base of horns and on the neck and rump of ...
steep rocky headland on Hornos Island, Tierra del Fuego Archipelago, Magallanes region, southern Chile. Located off the southern tip of mainland South America, it was named Hoorn for the birthplace ...
any plant of the genus Ceratodon (order Bryales). The most abundant species, C. purpureus, has a worldwide distribution and is conspicuous because of its purple capsule (spore case), especially when ...
any of about 25 species of hardy, slow-growing ornamental and timber trees constituting the genus Carpinus of the birch family (Betulaceae), distributed throughout the Northern Hemisphere. The hop-hornbeam (q.v.) is ...
any of about 45 species of Old World tropical birds constituting the family Bucerotidae (order Coraciiformes). They are noted for the presence, in a few species, of a bony casque, ...
any of a subgroup of amphibole (q.v.) minerals that are calcium-rich and monoclinic in crystal structure. Hornblende's generalized chemical formula is (Ca,Na)2(Mg,Fe,Al)5(Al,Si)8O22 (OH)2. The four end-members and the cation content ...
form of children's primer common in both England and America from the late 16th to the late 18th century. A sheet containing the letters of the alphabet was mounted on ...
pair of volcanic islands (Futuna and Alofi) forming the southwestern part of the French overseas territory of Wallis and Futuna (q.v.), in the southwestern Pacific Ocean. Their combined land area ...
American mezzo-soprano noted for the seamless quality and exceptional range and flexibility of her voice, especially in coloratura roles by Gioacchino Rossini and George Frideric Handel. She was also instrumental ...
any of 17 species of owls with hornlike tufts of feathers on the head. The name refers especially to the great horned owl (B. virginianus) of the Americas. The great ...
any of approximately 25 species of plants that constitute the genus Glaucium of the poppy family (Papaveraceae). All species of the plant are orange-juiced, weedy garden plants native to Eurasia. ...
(genus Heterodontus), any member of the only genus in the family Heterodontidae (class Selachii), characterized by a large, heavy spine on the anterior edge of each dorsal fin. There are ...
(genus Phrynosoma), any of about 14 species of lizards belonging to the family Iguanidae that are usually characterized by daggerlike head spines, or horns. Both the flattened oval body and ...
the first modern European to make the dangerous crossing of the northeastern Sahara. His journal, later published, contained a substantial amount of information on the then-unknown terrain and inhabitants of ...
German-born American psychoanalyst who, departing from some of the basic principles of Sigmund Freud, suggested an environmental and social basis for the personality and its disorders.
a major division of metamorphic rocks (rocks that form by contact metamorphism in the inner parts of the contact zone around igneous intrusions). All of the rocks called hornfels-a hard, ...
lake, Sogn og Fjordane fylke (county), western Norway. Occupying the trough of a glacial valley, the long and narrow lake has a length of about 16 miles (25 km) and ...
name of a wind instrument and of several dances supposedly performed to it. The instrument is a single-reed pipe with a cowhorn bell (sometimes two parallel pipes with a common ...
American professional baseball player, generally considered the game's greatest right-handed hitter. His major league career batting average of .358 is second only to Ty Cobb's .367.
any member of the insect family Siricidae, a group of solitary (nonsocial) wasps of the order Hymenoptera. Five genera and about 60 species have been described. Horntails are moderately large, ...
any member of four to six genera of creeping annual or perennial plants of the class Anthocerotopsida. In some classification systems, hornworts have been grouped as horned liverworts in the ...
any sponge of the orders Dictyoceratida and Dendroceratida (class Demospongiae). It has a skeleton consisting exclusively of fibrous organic components. Most other sponges, by contrast, have siliceous or calcareous elements ...
communal dance of Bulgaria. Performed for enjoyment at festive gatherings, it has many varieties, the moods of which range from solemn to exuberant. Horos are danced in linked circles, in ...
