(from the article "nutrition common microbes that") ...diseases caused by these viruses. Hepatitis, for example, is a subacute or chronic disease, with a long latent period, that is caused by at least five viruses with different properties. ...
(from the article "hepatitis") Hepatitis A, caused by the hepatitis A virus (HAV), is the most common worldwide. The onset of hepatitis A usually occurs 15 to 45 days after exposure to the virus, ...
(from the article "Blumberg, Baruch S.") American research physician whose discovery of an antigen that provokes antibody response against hepatitis B led to the development by other researchers of a successful vaccine against the disease. He ...
(from the article "liver cancer") The risk of liver cancer can be greatly reduced by taking steps to eliminate key risk factors. Hepatitis B infection can be prevented by vaccination against the virus and by ...
(from the article "hepatitis") Hepatitis C virus (HCV) was isolated in 1988. Symptoms of hepatitis C usually appear within six to nine weeks after exposure. HCV appears to be transmitted in a manner similar ...
(from the article "hepatitis") Hepatitis C virus (HCV) was isolated in 1988. Symptoms of hepatitis C usually appear within six to nine weeks after exposure. HCV appears to be transmitted in a manner similar ...
(from the article "hepatitis") Infection with hepatitis D virus (HDV), also called the delta agent, can occur only in association with HBV infection, because HDV requires HBV to replicate. Infection with HDV may occur ...
(from the article "hepatitis") Discovered in the 1980s, the hepatitis E virus (HEV) is similar to HAV. HEV is transmitted in the same manner as HAV, and it, too, only causes acute infection. However, ...
(from the article "hepatitis") Discovered in the 1980s, the hepatitis E virus (HEV) is similar to HAV. HEV is transmitted in the same manner as HAV, and it, too, only causes acute infection. However, ...
(from the article "hepatitis") Some cases of hepatitis transmitted through contaminated food or water are attributed to the hepatitis F virus (HFV), which was first reported in 1994. Another virus isolated in 1996, the ...
(from the article "hepatitis") Some cases of hepatitis transmitted through contaminated food or water are attributed to the hepatitis F virus (HFV), which was first reported in 1994. Another virus isolated in 1996, the ...
(from the article "digestive system disease") Although a number of viruses affect the liver, including cytomegalovirus and Epstein-Barr virus, which causes infectious mononucleosis, there are three distinctive transmissible viruses that are specifically known to cause acute ...
(from the article "jaundice") ...when the ability of the liver to conjugate normal amounts of bilirubin into bilirubin diglucoronide is significantly reduced by inadequate intracellular transport or enzyme systems. The second type, hepatocellular jaundice, ...
(from the article "The relative volumes occupied by some cellular compartments in a typical liver cell") ...including viruses, drugs, environmental pollutants, genetic disorders, and systemic diseases, can affect the liver. The resulting disorders usually affect one of the three functional components: the hepatocyte (liver cell), the ...
(from the article "liver cancer") ...by tumours in the liver; benign liver tumours remain in the liver, whereas malignant tumours are, by definition, cancerous. Most malignant liver tumours are ...
(from the article "horseshoe crab") Further physical breakdown of food occurs in the gizzard. Digestive enzymes are secreted into a long stomach-intestine by a large organ called the hepatopancreas. The principal organ of excretion apparently ...
(from the article "digestive system disease") Hepatorenal syndrome, a progressive reduction in kidney function that often occurs in persons with advanced acute or chronic liver disease, probably results from an inadequate flow of blood through the ...
(from the article "Mesopotamian religion") ...as a whole, however, the forms of divination most frequently used seem to have been incubation-sleeping in the temple in the hope that the god would send an enlightening dream-and ...
(from the article "United States") ...country's single greatest private economic interest-under effective national control, Roosevelt waged an unrelenting battle with Congress in 1905-06. The outcome-the Hepburn Act of 1906-was his own personal triumph; it greatly ...
(from the article "Legal Tender Cases") In Hepburn v. Griswold (Feb. 7, 1870), the Court ruled by a four-to-three majority that Congress lacked the power to make the notes legal tender. Chief Justice Salmon P. Chase, ...
slender, stylish motion picture actress known for her radiant beauty, her ability to project an air of sophistication tempered by a charming innocence, and her tireless efforts to aid needy ... [5 Related Articles]
(from the article "Omura Masujiro") ...There he became an instructor at Bansho-Shirabesho, the government's office for the study of Western books, and later at the national military academy. During this period he studied English under ...
indomitable American stage and film actress, known as a spirited performer with a touch of eccentricity. She introduced into her roles a strength of character previously considered to be undesirable ... [9 Related Articles]
Greek metrist, author of a work on metre in 48 books, which was reduced, by successive abridgments, to form a manual (Greek encheiridion). The manual became a popular school book, ...
(from the article "Alexander the Great") ...close to Alexander promoted. The Companion cavalry was reorganized in two sections, each containing four squadrons (now known as hipparchies); one group was commanded by Alexander's oldest friend, Hephaestion, the ...
in Greek religion, the god of fire. Originally a deity of Asia Minor and the adjoining islands (in particular Lemnos), he had an important place of worship at the Lycian ... [1 Related Articles]
member of a people important in the history of India and Persia during the 5th and 6th centuries AD. According to Chinese chronicles they were originally a tribe living to ... [10 Related Articles]
(from the article "lepidopteran") ...of coevolution; family sometimes split into families Incurvariidae, Adelidae, and Prodoxidae; related family: Heliozelidae (shield bearers).520 species; females with two genital openings; adult mouthparts reduced and nonfunctional, antennae very ...
(from the article "novel") Such British practitioners of the anti-novel as Christine Brooke-Rose and Rayner Heppenstall (both French scholars, incidentally) are more empirical than their French counterparts. They object mainly to the falsification of ...
English cabinetmaker and furniture designer whose name is associated with a graceful style of Neoclassicism, a movement he helped to formulate in the decorative arts. [4 Related Articles]
(from the article "prosody") ...been noted that four feet make up a line of tetrameter verse; a line consisting of one foot is called monometer, of two dimeter, of three trimeter, of five pentameter, ...
(from the article "IUPAC names of unbranched alkanes") ...engine. The octane number is determined by comparing, under standard conditions, the knock intensity of the fuel with that of blends of two reference fuels: iso-octane, which resists knocking, and ...
(from the article "Alexandria") ...the salt lake of Maryut, or Mareotis-now partly drained and cultivated-from the Egyptian mainland. An hourglass-shaped promontory formed by the silting up of a mole (the Heptastadion), which was built ...
women's athletics competition in which contestants take part in seven different track-and-field events on two days. The heptathlon replaced the women's pentathlon in the Olympic Games after 1981. The heptathlon ... [2 Related Articles]
musical scale made up of seven different tones. The major and minor scales of Western art music are the most commonly known heptatonic scales, but different forms of seven-tone scales ... [3 Related Articles]
(from the article "number game") ...polyominoes of any order is a function of the number of squares in each, but, as yet, no general formula has been found. It has been shown that there are ...
(from the article "motion picture, history of the") ...1902 and, with their associates, came to be known as members of the "Brighton school," although they did not represent a coherent movement. Another important early British filmmaker was Cecil ...
sculptor whose works were among the earliest abstract sculptures produced in England. Her lyrical forms and feeling for material made her one of the most influential sculptors of the mid-20th ... [5 Related Articles]
(from the article "publishing, history of") ...of publishing house not usually in direct competition with ordinary firms is the state printing office, which is responsible in many countries for issuing public and official material. In England, ...
(from the article "maple") ...striped silvery-white young bark provides an attractive winter landscaping feature. These trees are the striped maple (A. pennsylvanicum), the red snake-bark maple (A. capillipes), the Her's maple (A. hersii), and ...
in Greek religion, a daughter of the Titans Cronus and Rhea, sister-wife of Zeus, and queen of the Olympian gods. The Romans identified her with their own Juno. Hera was ... [16 Related Articles]
(from the article "Western architecture") ...than Hittorff, pursued similar research into Greek architecture with the ambition of making it seem human rather than divine or unapproachable; for example, he argued that what is now known ...
(from the article "myrrh") ...gum obtained from various small, thorny, flowering trees of the genus Commiphora, of the incense-tree family (Burseraceae). The two main varieties of myrrh are herabol and bisabol. Herabol myrrh is ...
(from the article "Origen") According to Porphyry, Origen attended lectures given by Ammonius Saccas, the founder of Neoplatonism. A letter of Origen mentions his "teacher of philosophy," at whose lectures he met Heraclas, who ...
Greek philosopher and astronomer who first suggested the rotation of the Earth, an idea that did not dominate astronomy until 1,800 years later. A pupil of Plato, who left the ... [5 Related Articles]
Greek philosopher remembered for his cosmology, in which fire forms the basic material principle of an orderly universe. Little is known about his life, and the one book he apparently ... [20 Related Articles]
leader of the Italian school of Gnosticism, a dualistic doctrine of rival deities conceiving of salvation as an elitist enlightenment by secret knowledge, with fulfillment in the soul's eventual release ... [2 Related Articles]
(from the article "Egypt, ancient") A period of generalized conflict focused on rival dynasties at Thebes and Heracleopolis. The latter, the 10th, probably continued the line of the 9th. The founder of the 9th or ...
most famous Greco-Roman legendary hero. Traditionally, Heracles was the son of Zeus and Alcmene (see Amphitryon), granddaughter of Perseus. Zeus swore that the next son born of the Perseid house ... [21 Related Articles]
(from the article "Heracles") ...But he killed her and their children in a fit of madness sent by Hera and, consequently, was obliged to become the servant of Eurystheus. It was Eurystheus who imposed ...
Eastern Roman emperor (610-641) who reorganized and strengthened the imperial administration and the imperial armies but who, nevertheless, lost Syria, Palestine, Egypt, and Byzantine Mesopotamia to the Arab Muslims. [18 Related Articles]
(from the article "athletics") ...through 11 centuries before ending about AD 393. These ancient Olympics were strictly male affairs, as to both participants and spectators. Greek women were reputed to have formed their own ...
in ancient Greece, a temple or sanctuary dedicated to Hera, queen of the Olympian gods. The most important of these was the Argive Heraeum, five miles (eight kilometres) northeast of ... [1 Related Articles]
(from the article "circus") ...and performers, musicians, animal attendants, wardrobe crews, drivers, and brakemen assembled for the grand free street parade that was usually scheduled for 11:00 AM. Following the bugle brigade heralding the ...
originally, an officer in medieval Europe charged with carrying messages to and from the commanders of opposing armies; in modern times, a professional authority on armorial history and genealogy. In ... [2 Related Articles]
(from the article "1937: Other Winners") Screenplay: Heinz Herald, Geza Herczeg, Norman Reilly Raine for The Life of Emile ZolaOriginal Story: William A. Wellman and Robert Carson for A Star Is BornCinematography: Karl Freund for The ...
commemorative work of art decorated with the armorial bearings of the deceased. Memorials, whether in the form of stained-glass windows, effigies, monumental brasses, or tablets on church walls and in ... [1 Related Articles]
(from the article "heraldry") In England an important development came with the heraldic visitations. From 1530 in the reign of Henry VIII to 1686 in the reign of James II, commissions were issued by ...
the science and the art that deal with the use, display, and regulation of hereditary symbols employed to distinguish individuals, armies, institutions, and corporations. These symbols, which originated as identification ... [4 Related Articles]
(from the article "atom") Herapath, an English amateur physicist ignored by his contemporaries, published his version of the kinetic theory in 1821. He also derived an empirical relation akin to Boyle's law but did ...
(from the article "Cycling") ...was won by his compatriot Damiano Cunego. Italian rider Paolo Bettini, who captured the road-race title at the Olympic Games in Athens, won the World Cup series for a record ...
(from the article "Swimming") ...At the French nationals in May, Laure Manaudou took down Evans's 18-year-old iconic record in the 400-m freestyle with a time of 4 min 3.03 sec. A week later, at ...
velayat (province) in western Afghanistan, 23,668 sq mi (61,301 sq km) in area, with its capital at Herat city. It is bounded by Iran (west), by Turkmenistan and the Afghan ... [3 Related Articles]
city in western Afghanistan, lying on the Harirud (river), directly south of the Selseleh-ye Safid Kuh (Paropamisus Range), at an altitude of 3,026 ft (922 m). Herat is the focus ... [7 Related Articles]
handwoven floor covering thought to have been woven in Herat, the Timurid capital in the 15th century, an important city in the 17th century, and now a provincial capital in ... [2 Related Articles]
15th-century style of miniature painting that flourished in Herat, western Afghanistan, under the patronage of the Timurids. Shah Rokh, the son of the Islamic conqueror Timur (Tamerlane), founded the school, ... [3 Related Articles]
(from the article "Languedoc-Roussillon") region of France encompassing the southern departements of Lozere, Gard, Herault, Aude, and Pyrenees-Orientales and roughly coextensive with the former province of Languedoc. Languedoc-Roussillon ...
nobleman and magistrate who became a member of the Committee of Public Safety that ruled Revolutionary France during the period of the Jacobin dictatorship (1793-94).
(from the article "Uses of spices and herbs with foods") parts of various plants cultivated for their aromatic, pungent, or otherwise desirable substances. Spices and herbs consist of rhizomes, bulbs, barks, flower buds, stigmas, fruits, seeds, and leaves. They are ...
(from the article "plant") ...into deciduous and evergreen plants. Deciduous plants drop their leaves at the end of every growing season, while evergreens keep their leaves until the leaves of the following year are ...
(from the article "gardening") Most of the medieval gardens and the first botanical gardens were largely herb gardens containing plants used for medicinal purposes or herbs such as thyme, parsley, rosemary, fennel, marjoram, and ...
(from the article "mercury") ...group of eight annual and perennial weedy flowering-plant species of the spurge family (Euphorbiaceae), native to Europe, Asia, and North Africa but naturalized in North America. Herb mercury (M. annua) ...
(from the article "gardening") ...are petunia and lobelia. (2) Biennials are plants sown from seed one year, generally during the summer. They flower the second season and then die. Examples are wallflower and sweet ...
ancient manual facilitating the identification of plants for medicinal purposes. Hundreds of medicinal plants were known in India before the Christian era, and the Chinese have a compilation, still authoritative, ... [4 Related Articles]
(from the article "Melbourne") ...in Melbourne is the Royal Botanic Gardens (RBG). This area of 89 acres (36 hectares) was established in 1846 and today contains lakes, lawns, and thousands of named trees and ...
(from the article "botanical garden") Many gardens possess herbaria, or collections of a few to many thousands of dried plant specimens mounted on sheets of paper. The species thus mounted have been identified by experts ...
German philosopher and educator, who led the renewed 19th-century interest in Realism and is considered among the founders of modern scientific pedagogy. [8 Related Articles]
pedagogical system of German educator Johann Friedrich Herbart (1776-1841). Herbart's educational ideas, which applied particularly to the instruction of adolescents, had a profound influence on late 19th-century teaching practices, especially ... [1 Related Articles]
(from the article "Charles III") ...with Lotharingian affairs and councillors alienated the nobles of Neustria, however, and in 922 they elected Robert king. Charles killed Robert in battle in 923 but was soon taken prisoner ...
(from the article "artificial intelligence") One famous example of nouvelle AI is Brooks's robot Herbert (named after Herbert Simon), whose environment is the busy offices of the MIT AI Laboratory. Herbert searches desks and tables ...
(from the article "biblical literature") ...(died 1175), carried on his master's tradition of literal scholarship, and Richard, the Scottish-born prior of Saint-Victor (died 1173) pursued a line more congenial to his mystical temperament. Herbert of ...
(from the article "Banks Peninsula") ...It is bounded by Pegasus Bay (north) and Canterbury Bight (south) and has a total land area of about 500 square miles (1,300 square km). Generally hilly, it rises as ...
river in northeastern Queensland, Australia. The river rises in the Eastern Highlands, flows for 150 miles (240 km) southeast across the Atherton Plateau past Ingham, and enters the Coral Sea ...
American television personality was praised for his ability to engage and instruct his young viewers with simple scientific experiments as host (1951-65; 1971) of Watch Mr. Wizard, a popular live ...
Baron Herbert Of Castle IslandEnglish courtier, soldier, diplomat, historian, metaphysical poet, and philosopher ("the father of English Deism"), also remembered for his revealing Autobiography. [6 Related Articles]
American science-fiction writer noted as the author of the best-selling Dune series of futuristic novels, a group of highly complex works that explore such themes as ecology, human evolution, the ...
(from the article "Nightingale, Florence") ...volunteered at once to leave in three days for Constantinople, taking three nurses with her. Meanwhile, she was officially approached by her old friend, the then secretary of state at ...
English novelist, playwright, poet, and politician, author of more than 50 books, famous for his witty championing of minority causes. More importantly, as an independent member of Parliament for Oxford ...
(from the article "Revels, Master of the") ...assumed importance. Decrees in 1581 and 1603 gave the Master of Revels licensing, censorship, and fee-collecting powers. The prestige of the office reached its high point during the mastership of ...
British polar explorer led the British Transarctic Expedition that crossed the Arctic Ocean via the North Pole on an epic 15-month trek from Point Barrow, Alaska, to Spitsbergen in Norway's ...
Australian novelist and short-story writer best known for his voluble novel Capricornia (1938), a comic chronicle about life in the Northern Territory of Australia and the inhumane treatment suffered by ... [1 Related Articles]
(from the article "geography") Andrew John Herbertson took over the department at the University of Oxford after Mackinder. He drew on European roots and emphasized regional study, using climatic and other parameters to define ...
an agent, usually chemical, for killing or inhibiting the growth of unwanted plants-i.e., weeds. (See weed.) In the past, sea salt, by-products of chemical industries, and various oils were used ... [7 Related Articles]
(from the article "star cluster") ...near regions of galactic nebulosity, either bright or dark, and only in obscured regions showing the presence of dust. Besides T Tauri stars, they include related variables, nonvariable stars, and ...
(from the article "Abstraction-Creation") ...group was the Cercle et Carre ("Circle and Square") group, founded by Michel Seuphor and Joaquin Torres-Garcia in 1930. Artists Georges Vantongerloo, Jean Helion, and Auguste Herbin worked together to ...
