river in southwestern Afghanistan and eastern Iran, about 715 miles (1,150 km) long. Rising in the Baba Range in east-central Afghanistan, it flows southwestward across more than half the length ... [1 Related Articles]
(from the article "Helmand River") The Helmand is one of Afghanistan's most important rivers and has been extensively developed under the Helmand Valley Authority. A reservoir has been built at Kajaki, 50 miles (80 km) ...
(from the article "painting, Western") ...north German manuscripts of the 12th century. They are found above all in a group of books associated with the all-powerful duke of Saxony Henry the Lion (1142-95) and prepared ...
(from the article "Gutenberg, Johannes") Fust won a suit against him, the record of which is preserved, in part, in what is called the Helmaspergersches Notariatsinstrument (the Helmasperger notarial instrument), dated November 6, 1455, now ...
(from the article "geoid") ...Clairaut's result is accurate only to the first order in f, but it shows clearly the relationship between the variation of gravity at sea level and the flattening. Later workers, ...
defensive covering for the head, one of the most universal forms of armour. Helmets are usually thought of as military equipment, but they are also worn by firemen, miners, construction ... [5 Related Articles]
(from the article "baseball") The catcher wears a helmet, a barred mask with a hanging throat guard, a padded chest protector, and lightweight guards covering the knees, shins, and ankles. The umpire behind home ...
(from the article "heraldry") On top of the shield is placed the helmet, upon which the crest is fastened by a wreath, coronet, or chapeau. Originally everything in heraldry was strictly utilitarian. As armorial ...
(from the article "bird") ...gallopavo), which had already been domesticated by the Indians, and the Muscovy duck (Cairina moschata) were brought to Europe and produced several varieties. Guinea fowl (Numida meleagris) from Africa were ...
any marine snail of the family Cassidae (subclass Prosobranchia, class Gastropoda), characterized by a large, thick shell with a shieldlike inner lip. An example is the 18-centimetre (7-inch) king helmet ... [1 Related Articles]
any of nine species of African songbirds (order Passeriformes) characterized by a forwardly directed crest on the forehead. Several Prionops species, often called red-billed shrikes, were formerly separated in the ... [1 Related Articles]
(from the article "pottery") ...about 1660 and is the work of Johann Schaper (died 1670), who had been a Nurnberg glass painter, J.L. Faber, and others. Polychrome enamel decoration was developed by another glass ...
(from the article "magnetism") ...is equal to the loop radius. The result is that the B field in the central region between the two loops is homogeneous to a remarkably high ...
(from the article "free energy") ...its value is determined by the state of the system and not by its history. Free energy is used to determine how systems change and how much work they can ...
(from the article "Grunberg, Peter") ...degree (1966) and doctorate (1969) by the Darmstadt University of Technology. From 1972 until his retirement in 2004, he was a research scientist at the Institute of Solid State Research ...
(from the article "sound") An important type of resonator with very different acoustic characteristics is the Helmholtz resonator, named after the German physicist Hermann von Helmholtz. Essentially a hollow sphere with a short, small-diameter ...
German scientist and philosopher who made fundamental contributions to physiology, optics, electrodynamics, mathematics, and meteorology. He is best known for his statement of the law of the conservation of energy. ... [14 Related Articles]
(from the article "drug") Helminths (worms) can be divided into three groups: cestodes, or tapeworms; nematodes, or roundworms; and trematodes, or flukes. The helminths differ from other infectious organisms in that they have a ...
(from the article "asthma") ...number of patients demonstrated that deliberate infection with 10 hookworm larvae, too few to cause hookworm disease, can relieve symptoms of allergy and asthma. Further investigation of this "helminthic therapy" ...
(from the article "gastropod") ...snails of the Neotropical region.Land snails without (Oreohelicidae and Camaenidae) or with (Bradybaenidae, Helminthoglyptidae, and Helicidae) accessory glands on the genitalia; dominant land snails in most regions, including the ...
genus of fungi in the order Pleosporales (phylum Ascomycota, kingdom Fungi) that exists as asexual anamorphs and causes leaf blight, especially of grasses (e.g., bluegrass, corn, oats), in humid areas. ... [1 Related Articles]
(from the article "Ophioglossaceae") ...about 50 species, distributed throughout the world, includes the grape ferns, moonworts, and rattlesnake fern; some of these species have been placed into segregate genera by various authorities. Helminthostachys, with ...
German historian and priest who wrote Chronica Slavorum (Chronicle of the Slavs). Completed in about 1172, this work was a history of the lower Elbe River region from about 800 ... [2 Related Articles]
gemeente (municipality), southeastern Netherlands. It lies along the Aa River and the Zuid-Willems Canal east of Eindhoven. Its textile factories and iron foundries have suffered in recent decades, and the ...
American politician and longtime member of the U.S. Senate (1973-2003), who was a leading figure in the conservative movement. Nicknamed "Senator No," he was perhaps best known for his vehement ... [2 Related Articles]
American intelligence official and diplomat (b. March 30, 1913, Saint Davids, Pa.-d. Oct. 22, 2002, Washington, D.C.), headed the Central Intelligence Agency from 1966 to 1973. To supporters he was ...
(from the article "Cuba") In 1996, after Cuba shot down two small aircraft piloted by a Florida-based anti-Castro group, the U.S. Congress passed the Helms-Burton law, which threatened sanctions against foreign-owned companies investing in ...
(from the article "Hamburg") ...The Altonaer Museum, opened in 1863, specializes in north German subjects, with special attention to Schleswig-Holstein, and houses Germany's largest collection of old ships' figureheads. The Helms-Museum, in the Harburg ...
American real-estate investor and property developer whose New York holdings, which included the Empire State Building, were valued at their height at about $5 billion but who came to be ...
American hotel magnate was dubbed "the queen of mean" as a result of her imperious manner and callous, abusive treatment of employees of Helmsley Hotels, of which her real-estate mogul ...
city, Lower Saxony Land (state), north-central Germany, east of Braunschweig (Brunswick). Probably founded in the 9th century, it was chartered in 1050, joined the Hanseatic League in ...
runic monument found at Fyn, Den., in 1860; it is among the oldest inscriptions with so-called Danish runes and is the first Danish example of a stone with the memorial ...
(from the article "angiosperm") ...free-nuclear divisions take place; if a cell wall is formed, it will form after free-nuclear division. In cellular endosperm formation, cell-wall formation is coincident with nuclear divisions. In helobial endosperm ...
(from the article "lizard") ...with about 6 species and 1 in China (Shinisaurus) with 1 species. Venomous; grooved hollow fangs in lower jaw; heavy-bodied. Skin texture ...
(from the article "fish") Lower to Upper Carboniferous. Teeth only; little known. Marine.Lower Carboniferous to Upper Permian. Teeth numerous, about 10 series on each jaw ramus, some fused into tooth plates; no specialized ...
wife of the theologian and philosopher Peter Abelard, with whom she was involved in one of the best known love tragedies of history. Fulbert, Heloise's uncle and a canon of ... [2 Related Articles]
(from the article "labyrinth fish") ...labyrinth fishes; some are commonly kept in home aquariums. The various species, once grouped together in the family Anabantidae, may be placed in five families: Badidae, Anabantidae, Belontiidae, Helostomatidae, and ...
a state-owned serf of the ancient Spartans. The ethnic origin of helots is uncertain, but they were probably the original inhabitants of Laconia (the area around the Spartan capital) who ... [1 Related Articles]
(from the article "fungus") ...or conidia germinate on leaves and stems; mycelium septate, branched; example genera include Erysiphe, Blumeria, and Uncinula.Pathogenic on plants, saprobic, endophytic, mycorhizzal, mycoparasitic, or symbiotic on roots; inoperculate asci ...
(from the article "immune system") Helper T cells do not directly kill infected cells, as cytotoxic T cells do. Instead they help activate cytotoxic T cells and macrophages to attack infected cells, or they stimulate ...
the only prominent American Southern author to attack slavery before the outbreak of the American Civil War (1861-65). His thesis widely influenced Northern opinion and served as an important force ...
Russian-German socialist who helped enable Lenin to reenter Russia in 1917 from exile in Switzerland, thus helping to ignite the Russian Revolution of October 1917. [1 Related Articles]
(from the article "chess") One such unusual stipulation is a helpmate: Black moves first and cooperates with White to get checkmated in a specified number of moves. Another is the selfmate, in which White ...
city and seaport, Skane lan (county), southern Sweden, at the narrowest part of The Sound (Oresund), opposite the Danish town of Helsingor (Elsinore). It is the most convenient place for ...
morning daily newspaper published in Helsinki, the largest paper in Finland and the only one of substance that remains free of political-party control.
city, northeastern Denmark. It lies on the northeast coast of Zealand (Sjaelland), at the narrowest part of The Sound (Oresund), opposite Helsingborg, Sweden, with which it is connected by ferry. ...
capital of Finland. It is the leading seaport and industrial city of the nation. Helsinki lies in the far south of the country, on a peninsula that is fringed by ... [6 Related Articles]
(August 1, 1975), major diplomatic agreement signed in Helsinki, Finland, at the conclusion of the first Conference on Security and Co-operation in Europe (CSCE; now called the Organization for Security ... [6 Related Articles]
(from the article "Baltic Sea") ...became aware of environmental degradation resulting from large-scale industrial development and chemical runoffs from agriculture. This awareness led to the 1974 signing by Baltic countries of the Helsinki Convention on ...
(from the article "Olympic Games") The 1952 Games were the first Olympics in which the Soviet Union participated (a Russian team had last competed in the 1912 Games), and the international tension caused by the ...
(from the article "Kajanus, Robert") Kajanus studied music in Helsinki, Leipzig, and Paris. In 1882 he founded the Helsinki Orchestral Society, the first complete symphony orchestra in Finland; in 1914 it united with the state's ...
(from the article "Ukraine") ...produced in labour camps, and much of it made its way abroad, where it was published. Following the signing of the international Helsinki Accords, with their human rights provisions, in ...
(from the article "Selected universities and colleges of the world") ...system is composed of two parallel sectors: universities and polytechnics. The only higher-education institutions in Finland that were founded before the country achieved independence are the University of Helsinki, founded ...
town ("parish"), Kerrier district, administrative and historic county of Cornwall, England. In the 13th century Helston, lying in the extreme southwest of England, was western Cornwall's most important town, having ...
(from the article "forging") For high-speed work in which the heavy impact of the drop hammer is not needed, an adaptation of the old-fashioned smith's technique, called helve-hammer forging, is used. The striking force ...
(from the article "cup fungus") The edible snow mushroom (Helvella gigas) is found at the edge of melting snow in some localities. Caution is advised for all Helvella species. H. infula has a dull yellow ...
(from the article "Cardozo, Benjamin Nathan") ...In the New Deal period under President Franklin D. Roosevelt, Cardozo usually sided with the liberally inclined justices Louis D. Brandeis and Harlan Fiske Stone. He wrote a majority opinion ...
either of two confessions of faith officially adopted by the Reformed Church in Switzerland. The First Helvetic Confession (also called the Second Confession of Basel) was composed in 1536 by ...
republic constituting the greater part of Switzerland, founded on March 29, 1798, after the country had been conquered by Revolutionary France. The new republic excluded both Geneva, which was annexed ... [6 Related Articles]
a Celtic people who, under pressure from Germanic peoples in the 2nd century BC, migrated from southern Germany into what is now northern Switzerland. In 61 BC, still pressed upon ... [5 Related Articles]
philosopher, controversialist, and wealthy host to the Enlightenment group of French thinkers known as Philosophes. He is remembered for his hedonistic emphasis on physical sensation, his attack on the religious ... [6 Related Articles]
(from the article "Domitian") Among Domitian's opponents was a group of doctrinaire senators, friends of Tacitus and Pliny and headed by the younger Helvidius Priscus, whose father of the same name had been executed ...
genus of three species of shrubs, constituting the family Helwingiaceae in the order Aquifoliales. Native to the Himalayas and eastern Asia, all of the species in the genus have simple ...
French historian and Franciscan friar whose greatest work provides the definitive and most detailed source of information on Roman Catholic religious orders and lay congregations up to the end of ...
teacher of the Shvetambara ("White-robed") sect of Jainism who gained privileges for his religion from Siddharaja Jayasimha, one of the greatest kings of Gujarat. Eloquent and erudite, Hemacandra also succeeded ... [2 Related Articles]
(from the article "pregnancy") Several immunological reaction tests in common use are based upon the inhibition of hemagglutination (clotting of red cells). A positive test is obtained when human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) in the ...
(from the article "bird flu") ...whales, and horses, derive at least partially from bird flu subtypes. All the subtypes are distinguished on the basis of variations in two proteins found on the surface of the ...
(from the article "serological test") ...and specially prepared antigens are mixed together. (2) Neutralization tests, which depend on the capacity of antibody to neutralize the infectious properties of the infectious organisms. (3) Hemagglutinin-inhibition tests, which ...
English poet who owed the immense popularity of her poems to a talent for treating Romantic themes-nature, the picturesque, childhood innocence, travels abroad, liberty, the heroic-with an easy and engaging ...
(from the article "joint disease") Hemarthrosis (bleeding into the joints) is a major complication of hemorrhagic disorders. Aside from the life-threatening episodes of bleeding, it constitutes the principal disability arising from the hemophilias. Most persons ...
(from the article "digestive system, human") Hematinics are substances that are essential to the proper formation of the components of blood. They include folic acid, vitamin B12, iron, and vitamin D.treatment of blood disorders
heavy and relatively hard oxide mineral, ferric oxide (Fe2O3), that constitutes the most important iron ore because of its high iron content (70 percent) and its abundance. Many of the ... [6 Related Articles]
(from the article "mineral") Members of the hematite group are of the X2O3 type and have structures based on hexagonal closest packing of the oxygen atoms with octahedrally coordinated (surrounded by and bonded to ...
diagnostic procedure for the analysis of blood. The name is also used for the apparatus in which this procedure is performed and for the results of the analysis. In the ... [3 Related Articles]
(from the article "bone disease") The incidence of hematogenous osteomyelitis reflects the fact that the body is more susceptible to invasion by microorganisms when nutrition and hygiene are poor. Thus, hematogenous osteomyelitis is common in ...
branch of medical science concerned with the nature, function, and diseases of the blood. In the 17th century, Dutch microscopist Antonie van Leeuwenhoek, using a primitive, single-lens microscope, observed red ... [1 Related Articles]
(from the article "skeletal system, human") ...or a penetrating wound may tear the sinus wall and lead to bleeding. The blood frequently is trapped beneath the outermost and toughest brain covering, the dura mater, in a ...
(from the article "therapeutics") The hematopoietic growth factors are potent regulators of blood cell proliferation and development in the bone marrow. They are able to augment hematopoiesis when bone marrow dysfunction exists. Recombinant DNA ...
(from the article "cryopreservation") An important application of cryopreservation is in the freezing and storage of hematopoietic stem cells, which are found in the bone marrow and peripheral blood. In autologous bone-marrow rescue, hematopoietic ...
presence of blood in the urine, an indication of injury or disease of the kidney or some other structure of the urinary tract; in males blood in the urine can ...
(from the article "art, African") ...initiation rite represents a gaunt face with exaggerated nose and cheeks. This mask is thought to embody terrific powers and is kept in its own hut. Similar to the Yaka ...
(from the article "battlefield medicine") ...military regards them as lifesaving tools for severe limb wounds.) Also, pressure dressings have been issued that can clot severe bleeding within seconds of being applied. These dressings include HemCon, ...
(from the article "hemoglobin") Each hemoglobin molecule is made up of four heme groups surrounding a globin group, forming a tetrahedral structure. Heme, which accounts for only 4 percent of the weight of the ...
(from the article "blood disease") ...tissues. This results in a bluish colour of the skin and mucous membranes (cyanosis). The abnormality in the globin molecule that accounts for this is usually in an area of ...
(from the article "meat processing") ...the blood (transported by the related oxygen-binding protein hemoglobin) and stores it in the muscle cells for oxidative metabolism. The structure of myoglobin includes a nonprotein group called the heme ...
town, Dacorum district, administrative and historic county of Hertfordshire, England, northwest of London. The first charter was granted in 1539. The new town, one of eight designed by British planners ... [1 Related Articles]
(from the article "coloration") Iron-containing, proteinaceous pigments, hemerythrins are present in the blood of certain bottom-dwelling marine worms (notably burrowing sipunculids) and of the brachiopod Lingula; the pigments serve as oxygen-carriers.
(from the article "Economic Affairs") DaimlerChrysler, which posted a profit during the first half of 2005, was by far the healthiest of the Big Three. One reason was the success of the company's hemi V8 ...
(from the article "eye, human") ...halves of the retinas will have been blocked; the same will be true if one optic tract is severed or one lateral geniculate body is destroyed. The result of such ...
