| | - Haydon, Benjamin Robert
- English historical painter and writer, whose Autobiography has proved more enduring than his painting.
- Hayek, F.A.
- Austrian-born British economist noted for his criticisms of the Keynesian welfare state and of totalitarian socialism. In 1974 he shared the Nobel Prize for Economics with Swedish economist Gunnar Myrdal. [4 Related Articles]
- Hayes River
- river in northeastern Manitoba, Canada, rising from several lakes in the central part of the province and flowing northeastward for 300 miles (500 km) across the Canadian Shield (a region ...
- Hayes sonic depth finder
- (from the article "depth finder") One of the first practical depth sounders, the so-called Hayes sonic depth finder, developed by the U.S. Navy in 1919, consisted of (1) a device to generate and send sound ...
- Hayes, Bob
- American sprinter who, although he was relatively slow out of the starting block and had an almost lumbering style of running, was a remarkably powerful sprinter with as much raw ... [2 Related Articles]
- Hayes, Denis
- (from the article "Earth Day") ...of a national celebration. Nelson-whose efforts in Congress included the passing of legislation that protected the Appalachian Trail and the banning of the use of the pesticide DDT-hired Denis Hayes, ...
- Hayes, Elvin
- American basketball player who was one of the most prolific scorers and rebounders in the history of the National Basketball Association (NBA).
- Hayes, Helen
- American actress who was widely considered to be the "First Lady of the American Theatre." [4 Related Articles]
- Hayes, Isaac Israel
- American physician and Arctic explorer who sought to prove the existence of open seas around the North Pole. [1 Related Articles]
- Hayes, Isaac Lee, Jr.
- American singer-songwriter, musician, and actor was a pioneering figure in soul music whose recordings influenced the development of such musical genres as disco, rap, and urban-contemporary. The charismatic performer- known ... [1 Related Articles]
- Hayes, James
- (from the article "calligraphy") ...up an important collection of historical writing books. In 1941 he initiated a calligraphic study group at the library that included graphic artists and type designers such as R. Hunter ...
- Hayes, John
- (from the article "Papua New Guinea") ...visitor may have been Jorge de Meneses, who possibly landed on the island in 1526-27 while en route to the Moluccas. The first European attempt at colonization was made in ...
- Hayes, John Joseph
- (from the article "Dorando Pietri: Falling at the Finish") Pietri and the winner, John Joseph Hayes of the United States, had both been long shots. The favourite, Charles Hefferon of South Africa, led until the final six miles. Pietri's ...
- Hayes, Lucy
- American first lady (1877-81), the wife of Rutherford B. Hayes, 19th president of the United States, and the first presidential wife to graduate from college. [2 Related Articles]
- Hayes, Patrick Joseph
- archbishop of New York and cardinal who unified Roman Catholic welfare activities under a central agency, Catholic Charities.
- Hayes, Peter Lind
- American entertainer who was best known for his appearances with his wife, Mary Healy, in nightclub acts, in several television series, on radio, in films, and on Broadway (b. June ...
- Hayes, Rutherford B.
- 19th president of the United States (1877-81), who brought post-Civil War Reconstruction to an end in the South and who tried to establish new standards of official integrity after eight ... [17 Related Articles]
- Hayes, Woody
- American collegiate gridiron football coach whose career coaching record was 238 games won, 72 lost, and 10 tied. He developed 58 All-American players, and his Ohio State University teams (1951-78) ...
- Hayford, Jack
- (from the article "Religion") ...Alliance of Reformed Churches at its General Council meeting in August in Accra, Ghana. The alliance was made up of 218 church bodies with a combined constituency of 75 million ...
- Hayford, John Fillmore
- American civil engineer and early geodesist who established the theory of isostasy. [1 Related Articles]
- Hayhanen, Reino
- (from the article "Abel, Rudolf") ...On June 21, 1957, he was arrested by the FBI, and on Oct. 25, 1957, a federal district court in Brooklyn found him guilty of espionage, relying in part on ...
- Haykal, Muhammad Husayn
- (from the article "Arabic literature") ...It presents the reader with a thoroughly nostalgic picture of the Egyptian countryside, which serves as the backdrop for the fervent advocacy of the need for women's education. The author, ...
- Hayley, William
- English poet, biographer, and patron of the arts. [1 Related Articles]
- Hayman Island
- northernmost of the Cumberland Islands, at the northern entrance to Whitsunday Passage (Coral Sea), off northeastern Queensland, Australia. An inshore coral-fringed continental island, it measures 2 miles (3 km) by ...
- Hayman-Joyce, Anna Valetta
- (from the article "Malinowski, Bronislaw") ...of social change in Mexican-Indian communities. A great believer in freedom, he had also been actively identified with the Polish partisan cause in the war. In 1940 Malinowski married again, ...
- Haymarket Riot
- violent confrontation between police and labour protesters in Chicago on May 4, 1886, that dramatized the labour movement's struggle for recognition in the United States. [6 Related Articles]
- Haymarket Theatre
- (from the article "proscenium") The proscenium's structure was first expanded by Squire Bancroft and his wife, Marie Bancroft, to enclose the lower side of the stage at London's Haymarket Theatre in 1880, creating a ...
- Haymerle, Heinrich, Baron von
- diplomat and foreign minister of the Habsburg Empire (1879-81) who secured a treaty with Serbia giving Austria-Hungary virtual control over Serbian foreign policy.
- Haynau, Julius, Freiherr von
- (baron of) Austrian general whose military successes were overshadowed by his notorious brutality. [1 Related Articles]
- Hayne, Paul Hamilton
- American poet and literary leader, one of the best-known poets of the Confederate cause.
- Hayne, Robert Young
- American lawyer, political leader, and spokesman for the South, best-remembered for his debate with Daniel Webster (1830), in which he set forth a doctrine of nullification. [1 Related Articles]
- Haynes Automobile Company
- (from the article "Haynes, Elwood") In partnership with Edgar and Elmer Apperson, Haynes formed the Haynes-Apperson Company, Kokomo, and began producing automobiles in 1898. Haynes and the Appersons split up in 1902, and three years ...
- Haynes, Elwood
- American automobile pioneer who built one of the first automobiles. [1 Related Articles]
- Haynes, Homer
- (from the article "Homer and Jethro") The partnership began in 1932. With Homer strumming the guitar and Jethro playing the mandolin, they performed on radio in Knoxville before becoming cast regulars in 1939 on the "Renfro ...
- Haynes, John
- (from the article "Literature") In poetry two titles stood out, one set far away and the other locally. The first, John Haynes's Letter to Patience (2006), received the Costa Poetry Award. The book-length poem, ...
- Haynes, Johnny
- English association football (soccer) player (b. Oct. 17, 1934, London, Eng.-d. Oct. 18, 2005, Edinburgh, Scot.), played the midfield for Fulham Football Club (1950-70) and England (1954-62). He was the ...
- Haynes, Lemuel
- (from the article "Middlebury College") ...the first black man to earn a baccalaureate in the United States when he graduated from the college in 1823. Twenty-one years earlier Middlebury had awarded an honorary degree to ...
- Hays
- city, seat (1867) of Ellis county, central Kansas, U.S. It lies on Big Creek. The city was founded in 1867 after the establishment of Fort Hays (a frontier post built ...
- Hays, Arthur Garfield
- American lawyer who defended, usually without charge, persons accused in many prominent civil-liberties cases in the 1920s.
- Hays, Will H.
- prominent American political figure who was president of the Motion Picture Producers and Distributors of America (MPPDA, later called the Motion Picture Association of America) from 1922 to 1945. Because ... [2 Related Articles]
- Haystack Observatory
- (from the article "Some important radio telescopes") ...radar observations have been conducted primarily from Arecibo Observatory in the mountains of Puerto Rico, the Goldstone tracking station complex in the desert of southern California, and Haystack Observatory in ...
- Hayter, Stanley William
- English printmaker and painter who founded Atelier 17, the most influential print workshop of the 20th century. [3 Related Articles]
- Hayton
- king of Little Armenia, now in Turkey, from 1224 to 1269; the account of his travels in western and central Asia, written by Kirakos Gandzaketsi, a member of his suite, ... [1 Related Articles]
- Hayton, Lennie
- (from the article "1969: Other Winners") ...and, Jack Martin Smith for Hello, Dolly!Original Score for a Motion Picture: Burt Bacharach for Butch Cassidy and the Sundance KidScore of a Musical Picture Original or Adaptation: Lennie Hayton ...
- Hayward
- city, Alameda county, California, U.S. Located 25 miles (40 km) southeast of San Francisco and 15 miles (25 km) south of Oakland, Hayward lies at the eastern terminus of the ...
- Hayward
- city, seat (1885) of Sawyer county, northwestern Wisconsin, U.S. It lies on the Namekagon River, in a lake region west of Chequamegon National Forest, about 75 miles (120 km) southeast ...
- Hayward Fault
- (from the article "California") ...San Andreas Fault is a major fault line running through most of California. Tectonic movement along the fault has caused massive earthquakes, including the San Francisco earthquake of 1906. The ...
- Hayward Gallery
- (from the article "London") Both the National Gallery and the Tate galleries mount special exhibitions. The other main venues for art shows are the aforementioned Hayward Gallery on the South Bank, a sculptural concrete ...
- Hayward, Nathaniel M.
- (from the article "Goodyear, Charles") For the next few years he worked with Nathaniel M. Hayward (1808-65), a former employee of a rubber factory in Roxbury, Mass., who had discovered that rubber treated with sulfur ...
- Hayward, Susan
- (from the article "1958: Best Actress") Other Nominees
- Haywood, Eliza
- nee Fowler prolific English writer of sensational romantic novels that mirrored contemporary 18th-century scandals.
- Haywood, William D
- American radical who led the Industrial Workers of the World (IWW, or "Wobblies") in the early decades of the 20th century. [3 Related Articles]
- Hayworth, Rita
- American motion-picture actress and dancer who rose to glamorous stardom in the 1940s and '50s.
- Hayyim ben Isaac
- (from the article "Elijah ben Solomon") At about age 40 Elijah began teaching a chosen circle of devoted pupils who were already experienced scholars. Among them was Hayyim ben Issac, who went on to found the ...
- Hayyuj, Judah
- (from the article "Hebrew literature") ...of biblical Hebrew was made possible by the work of philologists. Of great importance was the creation of comparative linguistics by Judah ibn Kuraish (about 900) and Isaac ibn Barun ...
- Haza, Ofra
- Israeli singer (b. Nov. 19, 1957, Tel Aviv, Israel-d. Feb. 23, 2000, Tel Aviv), achieved international stardom by setting traditional Jewish-Yemenite song lyrics to Western-style disco-pop arrangements. Discovered at the ...
- Hazael
- king of Damascus, whose history is given at length in the Bible, II Kings 8-13.
- Hazar, Lake
- (from the article "Tigris-Euphrates river system") The Tigris, rising in Lake Hazar (a small mountain lake southeast of Elazig) and fed by a number of small tributaries, drains a wide area of eastern Turkey. After flowing ...
- Hazara
- people of Mongol descent dwelling in the mountains of central Afghanistan. They number about 1,650,000, of whom about 1,500,000 live in Afghanistan, and the remainder in Iran. One group, the ... [2 Related Articles]
- Hazarajat
- (from the article "Afghanistan") The mountainous region of Hazarajat occupies the central part of the country and is inhabited principally by the Hazara. Because of the scarcity of land, however, many have migrated to ...
- Hazard
- city, seat of Perry county, southeastern Kentucky, U.S. It lies on the North Fork Kentucky River in the Cumberland foothills just east of Daniel Boone National Forest (Redbird Purchase Unit), ...
- hazard
- (from the article "insurance") An important initial task of the underwriter is to try to prevent adverse selection by analyzing the hazards that surround the risk. Three basic types of hazards have been identified ...
- hazard
- dice game dating at least to the 13th century and possibly of Arabic origin: the word hazard derives from the Arabic al-zahr ("die"). It was immensely popular ...
- Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Point system
- (from the article "meat processing") Several meat-processing plants have begun to utilize a program called the Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Point (HACCP) system to reduce pathogenic contamination. This program identifies the steps in the ...
- Hazard, Paul
- French educator, historian of ideas, and scholar of comparative literature. [1 Related Articles]
- hazardous waste
- (from the article "environmental works") ...People living in homes built near old and abandoned waste disposal sites may be in a particularly vulnerable position. In an effort to remedy existing problems and to prevent future ...
- hazardous-waste management
- (from the article "environmental works") Hazardous waste is any waste material that, when improperly handled, can cause substantial harm to human health and safety or to the environment. Hazardous wastes can take the form of ...
- Hazare, Vijay
- Indian cricketer (b. March 11, 1915, Sangli, Maharashtra, British India-d. Dec. 18, 2004, Baroda, Gujarat, India), was one of India's finest batsmen in the years just after World War II. ...
- Hazaribag
- city, south-central Bihar state, northeastern India, on the Hazaribag plateau. The city is a major road junction and agricultural trade centre. It houses the offices of the Damodar Valley Corporation, ...
- Hazaribag Wildlife Sanctuary
- national park, north-central Jharkhand state, northeastern India. The sanctuary is situated on a hilly plateau at an average elevation of 2,000 feet (600 metres), about 55 miles (90 km) north ...
- haze
- (from the article "volcano") Direct sampling of the stratosphere has shown that the major haze-forming agent from volcanic eruptions is not fine dust but an aerosol of tiny sulfuric acid droplets. This indicates that ...
- Haze Famine
- (from the article "Laki") ...in the Altai Mountains in western Siberia, and in North Africa. The vast quantities of sulfurous gases stunted crops and grasses and killed most of the domestic animals in Iceland; ...
- Hazel Bishop, Inc.
- (from the article "Bishop, Hazel") In 1949, after a long series of home experiments, Bishop perfected a lipstick that stayed on the lips longer than any other product then available. The following year she formed ...
- Hazeltine, Alan
- American electrical engineer and physicist who invented the neutrodyne circuit, which made radio commercially possible.
- hazer
- (from the article "steer wrestling") ...flat on its side with all four legs and head in the same direction and the cowboy still in contact. The contestant with the lowest elapsed time wins. Each bulldogger ...
- Hazin
- (from the article "Islamic arts") ...the two leading poets of this age, Nasir 'Ali Sirhindi (died 1697) and Mirza Bedil (died 1721), is convoluted and obscure, prompting the Persian poet Hazin (died 1766), who came ...
- Hazleton
- city, Luzerne county, east-central Pennsylvania, U.S. It lies on Spring Mountain of the Buck Mountain Plateau, at an elevation of 1,624 feet (495 metres), 24 miles (39 km) south of ...
- Hazlewood, (Barton) Lee
- American singer-songwriter and music producer was a pioneer in the musical genre of country rock and achieved fame as the writer and producer of "These Boots Are Made for Walkin'," ... [2 Related Articles]
- Hazlitt, William
- English writer best known for his humanistic essays. Lacking conscious artistry or literary pretention, his writing is noted for the brilliant intellect it reveals. [7 Related Articles]
- Hazor
- (from the article "Syrian and Palestinian religion") Typical temple furniture included the cult statue, standing stones, bowls and their stands, altars, and benches around the walls. Hazor, in the Jordan Valley north of the Sea of Galilee, ...
- Hazrat Babajan
- (from the article "Meher Baba") He was born into a Zoroastrian family of Persian descent. He was educated in Poona and attended Deccan College there, where at the age of 19 he met an aged ...
- Hazrat Khan Jahan Ali
- (from the article "Bagerhat") town, southwestern Bangladesh. It lies just south of the Bhairab River. Bagerhat was the capital of Hazrat Khan Jahan Ali-the 15th-century pioneer of the Sundarbans region of the southern Padma ...
- Hazzard, Shirley
- Australian-born American writer whose novels and short stories are acclaimed for both their literary refinement and their emotional complexity. [1 Related Articles]
- HCP5
- (from the article "AIDS") ...that code for HLA-B and HLA-C, molecules that are similar to HLA-G in that they specialize in pathogen recognition and immune system activation. The third SNP is located in a ...
- HD
- (from the article "Huntington disease") ...with the disease, and all individuals who inherit the mutation will eventually develop the disease. The genetic mutation that causes Huntington disease occurs in a gene known as
- HD 209458
- seventh-magnitude star 150 light-years away in the constellation Pegasus, the first star having a planet detected by its transit across the star's face. The star, which has physical characteristics similar ... [1 Related Articles]
- HD 209458b
- (from the article "Physical Sciences") ...behind their central star. One object, called TrES-1, was found to have a surface temperature of about 790 °C (1,454 °F), with an atmosphere rich in carbon monoxide. The other ...
- HD 21541
- (from the article "star") ...and the lanthanides (also called rare earths), which vary periodically in intensity. These stars have strong magnetic fields, typically from a few hundred to a few thousand gauss; one star, ...
- HD DVD
- (from the article "Computers and Information Systems") The two types of high-definition DVD players, Sony's Blu-ray and Toshiba's HD DVD, continued to battle over which one would become the industry standard, much as VHS videotape recorders competed ...
- HD Radio
- (from the article "Media and Publishing") Some stations experimented with less-rigid music formats, and others took advantage of technology for digital radio broadcasting. In the United States some companies launched HD Radio stations. HD Radio-a system ...
- HDE 226868
- (from the article "Cygnus X-1") ...source of X-rays and that provided the first major evidence for the existence of black holes. Cygnus X-1 is located about 8,000 light-years from Earth in the constellation Cygnus. The ...
- he
- type of ancient Chinese bronze vessel that was used to heat liquids and to serve wine.
- He 111
- (from the article "Heinkel, Ernst Heinrich") ...he built the He 70, which set eight world speed records in the early 1930s; the He 176, first aircraft to fly successfully with reaction motors; the He 178, first ...
- He 162
- (from the article "Heinkel, Ernst Heinrich") ...He 70, which set eight world speed records in the early 1930s; the He 176, first aircraft to fly successfully with reaction motors; the He 178, first turbojet-powered aircraft; and ...
- He 176
- (from the article "Heinkel, Ernst Heinrich") ...beginning of World War I. After the war he organized (1922) the Ernst Heinkel Flugzeugwerke in Warnemunde, where he built the He 70, which set eight world speed records in ...
- He 178
- (from the article "Heinkel, Ernst Heinrich") ...Heinkel Flugzeugwerke in Warnemunde, where he built the He 70, which set eight world speed records in the early 1930s; the He 176, first aircraft to fly successfully with reaction ...
- He 70
- (from the article "Heinkel, Ernst Heinrich") ...designer for the Albatros Aircraft Company in Berlin before the beginning of World War I. After the war he organized (1922) the Ernst Heinkel Flugzeugwerke in Warnemunde, where he built ...
- He Chong
- (from the article "Swimming") Teenager He Chong of China took the men's 1-m springboard with 505.65 points, a decisive 60 points ahead of teammate Luo Yutong. Two days later He and Wang Feng reprised ...
- He Yan
- Chinese scholar who cofounded the philosophical movement qingtan ("pure conversation"), in which groups of scholars used Daoist terms and concepts to give new meanings to Confucian texts. ...
- head
- (from the article "artiodactyl") ...of the brain is well developed and hearing is acute. The brains of earlier artiodactyls, such as the extinct entelodonts, were smaller than those of later forms. There are often ...
- head
- (from the article "sound recording") ...backing coated with a thin layer of tiny particles of magnetic powder, usually ferric oxide (Fe2O3) and to a lesser extent chromium dioxide (CrO2). The recording head of the tape ...
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