| | - H Acid
- (from the article "dye") ...and the directive effects are pH-dependent. In alkaline media, coupling is directed by the &singlehorzbond;OH groups, whereas &singlehorzbond;NH2 groups direct in weakly acidic media. H-acid (8-amino-1-naphthol-3,6-disulfonic acid) has both functional ...
- h and Chi Persei
- (from the article "Milky Way Galaxy") ...clusters and can be accounted for in detail by calculations of the rate of evolution of stars of different absolute magnitudes and mass. For example, the luminosity function for the ...
- H II region
- in astronomy, interstellar matter consisting of ionized hydrogen atoms. Such regions occur as hot, ionized gaseous clouds, sometimes called emission nebulae. The energy that is responsible for ionizing and heating ... [6 Related Articles]
- H zone
- (from the article "muscle") ...(for the relation of cross bridges to the molecular architecture of thick filaments, see below). In the middle of the A band, where only thick filaments are present, is a region ...
- H&M
- (from the article "Fashions") ...Roberto Cavalli lent his decadent, exotic touch to a collection of men's and women's party wear and women's lingerie for Swedish retailer Hennes & Mauritz; it was distributed in about ...
- H-II
- (from the article "launch vehicle") ...agency next developed the H-I, which had a Delta-derived first stage but a Japanese-designed cryogenically fueled upper stage. In 1984 Japan decided to develop an all-Japanese launch vehicle, the H-II, ...
- H-IIA
- (from the article "launch vehicle") ...rocket engine. The H-II was first launched in 1994; it proved a very expensive vehicle because of its total dependence on Japanese-manufactured components. Thus, Japan decided in 1996 to develop ...
- H-lines
- (from the article "Sun")
- H-Y antigen
- (from the article "genetics, human") ...into that of the male (a testicle). The gonadal action of the Y chromosome is mediated by a gene located near the centromere; this gene codes for the production of ...
- H. Nakano
- (from the article "solids, mechanics of") ...African materials scientist F.R.N. Nabarro in the early 1950s, were quickly adapted by seismologists to explain the radiation from propagating slip distributions on faults. The Japanese seismologist H. Nakano had ...
- H1 antagonist
- (from the article "histamine") ...chemical drugs called antihistamines, which prevent the binding of histamine to these receptors. Conventional antihistamines used to treat allergies block H1 receptors and thus are called H1 antagonists. H2 antagonists ...
- H2 blocking agent
- (from the article "drug") ...block the effects of epinephrine and norepinephrine on the heart (beta blockers, or beta-adrenergic blocking agents) and, second, of drugs that block the effect of histamine on the stomach (H2-blocking ...
- H2S
- (from the article "air warfare") ...the RAF used two radar-beam systems called Gee and Oboe to guide its Lancaster and Halifax bombers to cities on the Continent. In addition, the bombers carried a radar mapping ...
- H5N1 virus
- (from the article "Health and Disease") The H5N1 strain of avian influenza (bird flu) had infected poultry throughout much of Southeast Asia, central Asia, Africa, and Europe. Millions of birds had been destroyed in an effort ...
- Ha
- a Bantu-speaking people belonging to the Interlacustrine Bantu ethnolinguistic family who live in western Tanzania bordering on Lake Tanganyika. Their country, which they call Buha, comprises grasslands and open woodlands. ...
- Ha Long Bay
- bay on the northwest coast of the Gulf of Tonkin, near the city of Hong Gai, Quang Ninh province, northern Vietnam. Situated 102 miles (164 km) southeast of Hanoi, the ... [1 Related Articles]
- Ha Tae Kwon
- (from the article "Badminton") ...Taufik Hidayat, who won the gold medal with a final-round victory over South Korea's Shon Seung Mo. The men's doubles competition featured an all-South Korean gold-medal match as Kim Dong ...
- Ha'apai Group
- central island cluster of Tonga, in the South Pacific Ocean about 1,400 miles (2,300 km) north-northeast of Auckland, N.Z. Comprising some five dozen coral and volcanic islands and coral reefs, ...
- Ha'aretz
- (Hebrew: "The Land"), newspaper published in Tel Aviv, Israel's oldest daily and generally considered the country's highest quality newspaper.
- Ha'il
- town, northwestern Saudi Arabia. It is situated between Mount Shammar on the north and Mount Salma on the south and is on one of the main pilgrimage routes from Iraq ...
- HA.A
- (from the article "Mesopotamia, history of") ...It would be particularly important to isolate the Subarian components (related to Hurrian), whose significance was probably greater than has hitherto been assumed. For the south Mesopotamian city HA.A (the ...
- Haak, Bob
- (from the article "The Rembrandt Research Project") ...the value of whose judgment rested solely on the authority attributed to them by the art world of their time. To allow for a broader range of insights, the original ...
- Haakon I Adalsteinsfostre
- Norwegian king and one of the most eminent Scandinavian rulers of his time. He fostered the growth of governmental institutions but failed in his attempt to Christianize the lesser Norwegian ... [1 Related Articles]
- Haakon II Sigurdsson
- king of Norway (1157-62), illegitimate son of Sigurd Munn (d. 1155). [1 Related Articles]
- Haakon III Sverresson
- king of Norway (1202-04), the illegitimate son of King Sverre Sigurdsson.
- Haakon IV Haakonsson
- king of Norway (1217-63) who consolidated the power of the monarchy, patronized the arts, and established Norwegian sovereignty over Greenland and Iceland. His reign is considered the beginning of the ... [2 Related Articles]
- Haakon Sigurdsson
- Norwegian noble who defeated Harald II Graycloak, becoming the chief ruler (c. 970) of Norway; he later extended his rule over the greater part of the country. He resisted an ... [3 Related Articles]
- Haakon V Magnusson
- king of Norway (1299-1319) whose anti-English foreign policy paved the way for the commercial domination of Norway by north German traders of the Hanseatic League. His reign marked the end ... [1 Related Articles]
- Haakon VI Magnusson
- king of Norway (1355-80) whose marriage to Margaret, daughter of the Danish king Valdemar IV, in 1363 paved the way for the eventual union (1397) of the three major Scandinavian ... [4 Related Articles]
- Haakon VII
- first king of Norway following the restoration of that country's full independence in 1905. [3 Related Articles]
- Haakon, Crown Prince, and Crown Princess Mette-Marit
- On Aug. 25, 2001, Crown Prince Haakon of Norway married Mette-Marit Tjessem Hoiby, who was not only a commoner but also a single mother when they began dating in 1999. ... [2 Related Articles]
- Haakon, Crown Prince, and Crown Princess Mette-Marit
- On Aug. 25, 2001, Crown Prince Haakon of Norway married Mette-Marit Tjessem Hoiby, who was not only a commoner but also a single mother when they began dating in 1999. ...
- Haakon, Crown Prince, and Crown Princess Mette-Marit
- On Aug. 25, 2001, Crown Prince Haakon of Norway married Mette-Marit Tjessem Hoiby, who was not only a commoner but also a single mother when they began dating in 1999. ... [2 Related Articles]
- haangi
- (from the article "Maori") ...by the hongi, or pressing together of noses on greeting, and sometimes by ritual challenges; and cooking of food in earth ovens (haangi) on ...
- Haanja
- morainal region of southeastern Estonia. The moraine is steep on the north but slopes more gently toward the south, extending slightly into Latvia. Deeply incised valleys separate the hills, and ...
- Haar measure
- (from the article "mathematics") Yet another setting for Lebesgue's ideas was to be the theory of Lie groups. The Hungarian mathematician Alfred Haar showed how to define the concept of measure so that functions ...
- Haarde, Geir H.
- (from the article "Iceland") ...102,928 sq km (39,741 sq mi) | Population (2007 est.): 310,000 | Capital: Reykjavik | Chief of state: President Olafur Ragnar Grimsson | Head of government: Prime ...
- Haardt Mountains
- mountain range in Rheinland-Pfalz Land (state), southwestern Germany. They comprise the eastern part of the Pfalzer Forest Mountains and lie west of the Rhine River basin, extending from the French ...
- Haarlem
- gemeente (municipality), western Netherlands. It lies along the Spaarne River, 4.5 miles (7 km) from the North Sea, just west of Amsterdam. Haarlem was mentioned in the 10th century and ... [4 Related Articles]
- Haarlem Lake
- polder (area 45,700 acres [18,486 hectares]) coextensive with the gemeente (municipality) of Haarlemmermeer in western Netherlands. Originally, a number of lakes-with a combined area of about 14,000 acres (5,700 hectares) ... [2 Related Articles]
- Haarlem school
- (from the article "Haarlem") ...of Orange and incorporated in the United Netherlands, it entered a period of prosperity that reached its peak in the 17th century, when it was a refuge for Huguenots and ...
- Haarlemmermeer
- gemeente (municipality), western Netherlands, occupying the reclaimed Haarlem Lake, which was drained between 1840 and 1852. There is a network of roads and ditches at right angles within the enclosing ...
- Haas family
- (from the article "keyboard instrument") ...having only three registers and a rather darker tone than either French or Flemish instruments. The second German school was centred in the city of Hamburg and is best represented ...
- Haas, Ernst
- Austrian-born photojournalist who was influential for his innovations in colour photography. [1 Related Articles]
- Haas, Karl
- American musicologist and music broadcaster (b. Dec. 6, 1913, Speyer-am-Rhein, Ger.-d. Feb. 6, 2005, Royal Oak, Mich.), hosted a daily radio program, Adventures in Good Music, which he originated on ...
- Haas, Mary R.
- (from the article "North American Indian languages") ...Algonquian- (Algonkian-) Wakashan, Na-Dene, Penutian, Hokan-Siouan, and Aztec-Tanoan-established on the basis of very general grammatical resemblances. In 1958, the American linguist Mary R. Haas established precise sound correspondences between the ...
- Haas, Peter
- American business executive (b. 1918, San Francisco, Calif.-d. Dec. 3, 2005, San Francisco), was a great-grandnephew of denim blue jean manufacturer Levi Strauss and helped build Levi Strauss & Co. ...
- Haas, Richard
- (from the article "trompe l'oeil") ...on which are depicted various cards and clippings with such verisimilitude that the viewer becomes convinced that they can be lifted off the painted rack. In the late 20th century, ...
- Haas, Walter A.
- American business executive credited with saving the foundering Levi Strauss & Co., the major manufacturer of "blue jean" denim pants. Haas's efforts after World War II laid the groundwork for ...
- Haas, Wolf
- (from the article "Literature") Austrian writer Wolf Haas's formally innovative novel Das Wetter vor 15 Jahren involved the interplay between two forms: a fictive interview with an author named Wolf Haas about a novel ...
- Haase, Helga
- (from the article "Olympic Games") Squaw Valley featured the debut of the biathlon and of speed skating events for female contestants, with Helga Haase (Germany) capturing the first gold medal in the sport by winning ...
- Haase, Hugo
- (from the article "Ledebour, Georg") ...Party member of the Reichstag (national parliament) from 1900, Ledebour initially stood among the left centrists of his party. However, with the outbreak of World War I, he and his ...
- Haasse, Hella S.
- Dutch novelist noted for her innovative historical fiction. [1 Related Articles]
- Haavelmo, Trygve
- Norwegian economist who was a pioneer in what became the field of economic forecasting. He was awarded the 1989 Nobel Prize for Economics.
- Haavikko, Paavo
- Finnish humanist poet, novelist, and dramatist whose work is modernistic, experimental, and linguistically innovative.
- Haba, Alois
- Czech composer noted for his experiments with microtonal music. [1 Related Articles]
- Habad
- Jewish movement and its doctrine, an offshoot of the religious and social movement known as Hasidism; its name derives from the initial letters of three Hebrew words that distinguish and ... [1 Related Articles]
- Habakkuk
- (from the article "biblical literature") The Book of Habakkuk, the eighth book of the Twelve (Minor) Prophets, was written by a prophet difficult to identify. He may have been a professional prophet of the Temple ...
- Habakkuk, The Book of
- the eighth of 12 Old Testament books that bear the names of the Minor Prophets. The book betrays the influence of liturgical forms, suggesting that either Habakkuk was a cult ... [1 Related Articles]
- Haban
- member of the community of Anabaptists who moved from Switzerland through Austria to Bohemia and then, in the 16th century, migrated to northern Hungary.
- Habaner faience ware
- (from the article "Haban") ...forced groups of Habans to leave Habsburg-ruled Hungary for Transylvania. The community, which was made up mainly of artisans, was famous for its pottery. The form and decoration of the ...
- Habash, George
- militant Palestinian and leader of the Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine (PFLP). [2 Related Articles]
- Habashat
- (from the article "Arabia, history of") The kingdom of Aksum in Eritrea is mentioned in Sabaean texts of the 2nd century AD as having some not very definable link with Habashite ("Abyssinian") people settled in the ...
- Habbaniyah, Hawr al-
- lake in al-Anbar muhafazah (governorate), western Iraq. It is a shallow body of slightly saline water, 54 sq mi (140 sq km) in area, separated from the Euphrates River to ... [2 Related Articles]
- Habbus
- (from the article "Samuel ha-Nagid") ...the attention of the Granadan vizier, who employed him as his private secretary. He soon became an invaluable political adviser to the vizier, who, at his death, commended Samuel to ...
- habeas corpus
- an ancient common-law writ, issued by a court or judge directing one who holds another in his custody to produce the body of the person before the court for some ... [3 Related Articles]
- Habeas Corpus Act
- (from the article "habeas corpus") Many of the procedures that made for effective assertion of these rights were provided by the Habeas Corpus Act of 1679, which authorized judges to issue the writ when courts ...
- Habeas Corpus Act
- (from the article "McCardle, Ex Parte") ...jailed for sedition after criticizing both the local Union military commander and Congress. He was denied the benefit of habeas corpus but sought to take advantage of the Radicals' recently ...
- Habeler, Peter
- (from the article "Messner, Reinhold") mountain climber and polar trekker who was renowned for his pioneering and difficult ascents of the world's highest peaks. In 1978 he and Austrian Peter Habeler were the first to ...
- Habeneck, Francois-Antoine
- French violinist, conductor, and composer.
- Haber, Fritz
- German physical chemist and winner of the 1918 Nobel Prize for Chemistry for his successful work on nitrogen fixation. The Haber-Bosch process combined nitrogen and hydrogen to form ammonia in ... [4 Related Articles]
- Haber, Ludwig
- (from the article "Haber, Fritz") ...gas-warfare program, and his second marriage to Charlotta Nathan ended in divorce in 1927. Haber had a son (Hermann) by his first wife and both a daughter (Eva) and son ...
- Haber, Robert Alan
- (from the article "Students for a Democratic Society") ...1959, had its origins in the student branch of the League for Industrial Democracy, a social-democratic educational organization. An organizational meeting was held in Ann Arbor, Mich., in 1960, and ...
- Haber-Bosch process
- method of directly synthesizing ammonia from hydrogen and nitrogen, developed by the German physical chemist Fritz Haber. He received the Nobel Prize for Chemistry in 1918 for this method, which ... [9 Related Articles]
- Haberlandt, Gottlieb
- Austrian botanist, pioneer in the development of physiological plant anatomy, and the first person to study plant tissue culture (1921).
- Haberlandt, Ludwig
- (from the article "birth control") ...John Marshall. The first extract of estrogen was produced in 1913, and the pure compound was isolated by the Americans Willard Allen and Alan Doisy in 1923. At this time ...
- Haberler, Gottfried von
- Austrian-born American economist, writer, and educator whose major field of expertise was international trade. [1 Related Articles]
- Habermas, Jurgen
- (from the article "continental philosophy") As noted above, post-structuralists viewed the concepts of truth, knowledge, and reason as little more than the intellectual instruments of established power. Their supreme cynicism in this regard was perhaps ...
- Habib Bank, Ltd.
- (from the article "Pakistan") ...of Pakistan (1961), the Agricultural Development Bank of Pakistan (1961), and the House Building Finance Corporation (1952). There are a number of private banks, many of which operate from Karachi. ...
- Habib, Mamdouh
- (from the article "Australia") ...forces from Iraq in the wake of a hostage crisis. Public opinion remained opposed to the continued detention by the U.S. at Guantanamo Bay, Cuba, of two Australian citizens, David ...
- Habib, Philip Charles
- U.S. diplomat who had a distinguished 30-year career as a U.S. foreign-service officer, notably in his efforts in the Middle East in the 1970s and '80s. [1 Related Articles]
- Habibi, Emile
- Israeli Arab writer (b. Aug. 29, 1922, Haifa, Palestine [now in Israel]--d. May 2, 1996, Nazareth, Israel), became one of the most popular authors in the Middle East as a ...
- Habibie, B J
- An aircraft engineer seemed an unlikely central figure in the closure of outspoken publications, a billion-dollar controversy over used warships, and the removal of powerful ex-generals from the top of ... [2 Related Articles]
- Habibollah Khan
- ruler of Afghanistan from 1901 to 1919. Maintaining satisfactory relations with British India, he introduced needed reforms in Afghanistan and steered his country on a moderate political course. [1 Related Articles]
- Habima
- (Hebrew: "Stage"), Hebrew theatre company originally organized as Habima ha-'Ivrit (Hebrew: "the Hebrew Stage") in Bialystok, in Russian Poland, in 1912 by Nahum Zemach. The troupe traveled in 1913 to ...
- habit
- in psychology, any regularly repeated behaviour that requires little or no thought and is learned rather than innate. A habit-which can be part of any activity, ranging from eating and ... [1 Related Articles]
- habit
- (from the article "Roman Catholicism") Roman Catholicism for centuries has fostered a distinct clerical identity, symbolized by clerical garb, which sets priests as a class apart from lay Catholics. The priesthood is also set apart ...
- habitant
- (from the article "Quebec") The rural settlements were created under a variation of the French seigneurial system of landlords and tenants, under which the latter, who came to be called habitants, had considerable autonomy ...
- habitat
- place where an organism or a community of organisms lives, including all living and nonliving factors or conditions of the surrounding environment. A host organism inhabited by parasites is as ... [6 Related Articles]
- Habitat '67
- (from the article "Safdie, Moshe") Canadian-Israeli architect who designed Habitat '67 at the site of Expo 67, a year-long international exhibition at Montreal. Habitat '67 was a prefabricated concrete housing complex comprising three clusters of ...
- habitat corridor
- (from the article "conservation") ...risks previously discussed. Yet in total the fragments may actually be of sufficient area to support these species. An obvious conservation intervention is to find ways of connecting fragments by ...
- Habitat for Humanity
- (from the article "Performing Arts") ...other noted jazz artists who appeared in New Orleans-oriented concerts and festival programs in the U.S. and Europe. Among other efforts to restore jazz in the art form's purported birthplace, ...
- habitat loss
- (from the article "conservation") Although anticipating the effect of introduced species on future extinctions may be impossible, it is fairly easy to predict the magnitude of future extinctions from habitat loss, a factor that ...
- Habitat Stores
- (from the article "industrial design") ...Pottery Barn, Crate and Barrel, IKEA, and the EXPO Design Centers created by Home Depot. Those stores owed an enormous debt to the design mogul Sir Terence Conran and his ...
- habitation name
- (from the article "toponymy") ...information. A place-name is a word or words used to indicate, denote, or identify a geographic locality such as a town, river, or mountain. Toponymy divides place-names into two broad ...
- habitual buying behaviour
- (from the article "marketing") There are two types of low-involvement purchases. Habitual buying behaviour occurs when involvement is low and differences between brands are small. Consumers in this case usually do not form a ...
- habitual offender
- person who frequently has been convicted of criminal behaviour and is presumed to be a danger to society. In an attempt to protect society from such criminals, penal systems throughout ... [1 Related Articles]
- habitual offender law
- (from the article "child abuse") ...less susceptible to intervention than was once believed, and many jurisdictions have resorted to strict penal solutions, such as sexual-predator laws, which provide for indefinite incarceration for habitual sexual offenders. ...
- habituation
- the waning of an animal's behavioral response to a stimulus, as a result of a lack of reinforcement during continual exposure to the stimulus. It is usually considered to be ... [8 Related Articles]
- haboku
- (from the article "arts, East Asian") ...the true subject. His long landscape scroll produced for the Mori clan in Yamaguchi is a brilliant study of boldly described forms in linear movement. He is also known for ...
- haboob
- strong wind that occurs along the southern edges of the Sahara in The Sudan and is associated with large sandstorms and duststorms and may be accompanied by thunderstorms. It usually ... [3 Related Articles]
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