| | - Garfunkel, Art
- (from the article "Simon, Paul") As a teenager Simon teamed up with his classmate from Queens, New York, Art Garfunkel, to form Simon and Garfunkel (first known as Tom and Jerry). Beginning with "The Sounds ...
- Gargallo, Pablo
- Spanish sculptor who was among the first artists to work in iron; he introduced Pablo Picasso to metal sculpture.
- garganey
- (from the article "anseriform") ...of over 9,600 km (6,000 miles). In the Old World the northern shoveler (Anas clypeata) has a similar distance of up to about 11,000 km (6,800 miles). The northern pintail ...
- Gargano
- mountainous promontory jutting into the Adriatic Sea from the east coast of Italy, in Foggia province, Puglia (Apulia) region. Called the "spur" of the Italian "boot" (peninsula), it is 40 ... [1 Related Articles]
- Garganta del Diablo
- spectacular cataract on the Rio Iguazu (Rio Iguacu) at the border of Argentina and Brazil. The water roars down a descent of 269 feet (82 metres). [1 Related Articles]
- Gargas
- cave in the French Pyrenees that contains important examples of Late Paleolithic mural art, paintings, and engravings, most of them probably dating from the Gravettian Period (about 27,000 to 22,000 ...
- gargoyle
- in architecture, waterspout designed to drain water from the parapet gutter. Originally the term referred only to the carved lions of classical cornices or to terra-cotta spouts, such as those ...
- garhapatya
- (from the article "Roman religion") ...and from surviving funerary urns. Vesta's shrine contained the eternal fire, but the absence of a statue indicates that it preceded the anthropomorphic period; its correspondence with the Indian garhapatya, ...
- garibaldi
- (from the article "damselfish") Better-known members of the family include the bright-coloured species of Pomacentrus, the black-and-white, or three-stripe, damselfish (Dascyllus aruanus) of the Indo-Pacific; the garibaldi (Hypsypops rubicundus), a bright orange California fish ...
- Garibaldi, Giuseppe
- Italian patriot and soldier of the Risorgimento, a republican who, through his conquest of Sicily and Naples with his guerrilla Redshirts, contributed to the achievement of Italian unification under the ... [14 Related Articles]
- Garibaldi, Mount
- peak in southern British Columbia, Canada, in the Coast Mountains east of the Cheakamus River. Glacier-capped, it is 8,787 ft (2,678 m) high and is the focus of Garibaldi Provincial ...
- Garibay, Ricardo
- Mexican writer and journalist who vividly depicted modern-day Mexico in more than 50 books, including the novels Beber un caliz (1965) and La casa que arde de noche (1971); a ...
- Gariep Dam
- (from the article "Orange River") From the Gariep (formerly Hendrik Verwoerd) Dam the Orange swings to the northwest to its confluence with the Vaal River. The Vaal, which rises in Eastern Transvaal province, flows west ...
- Gariep Reservoir
- (from the article "Orange River") ...however, varies greatly in both width and depth because of dolerite outcrops that sometimes narrow it to 3,000 or 4,000 feet. The river receives the Caledon as a tributary at ...
- Garifuna
- (from the article "Dangriga") town, east-central Belize, at the mouth of the 20-mile- (32-km-) long North Stann Creek on the Caribbean coast. It was founded in 1823 by Garifuna refugees from Honduras (descendants of ...
- Garig Gunak Barlu National Park
- (from the article "Cobourg Peninsula") ...site of an early settlement. The peninsula was seen in 1818 by Captain Phillip Parker King of the Royal Navy and was named after Prince Leopold of Saxe-Coburg, uncle of ...
- garigue
- (from the article "maquis") a scrubland vegetation of the Mediterranean region, composed primarily of leathery, broad-leaved evergreen shrubs or small trees. Garigue, or garrigue, a poorer version of this vegetation, is found in areas ...
- garimpeireo
- (from the article "Amazon River") ...a feverish pitch in the 1980s, stimulated by high world prices of gold. At the height of the Amazon "gold rush," as many as a half million transient miners (
- Garinei, Pietro
- Italian playwright and impresario (b. Feb. 25, 1919, Trieste, Italy-d. May 9, 2006, Rome, Italy), introduced (with his longtime writing partner, Sandro Giovannini) the Broadway-style musical comedy to the Italian ...
- Garip movement
- (from the article "Turkish literature") In 1941 three poets-Orhan Veli Kanik, Oktay Rifat, and Melih Cevdet Anday-initiated the Garip ("Strange") movement with publication of a volume of poetry by the same name. In it they ...
- Garis, Howard R
- author, creator of the Uncle Wiggily series of children's stories, who began his career as a newspaperman on the Newark Evening News in 1896. Shortly after, he began writing a ...
- Garissa
- town, east-central Kenya. The town is a market centre situated on the Tana River, and its industries process food, beverages, and tobacco products; manufactures include plastic containers. It is located ...
- Garland
- city, Dallas county, northern Texas, U.S. Adjacent to Dallas (west), it was founded in 1887, when two rival railroad communities, Duck Creek and Embree, were consolidated by an act of ...
- garland
- a band, or chain, of flowers, foliage, and leaves; it may be joined at the ends to form a circle (wreath), worn on the head (chaplet), or draped in loops ... [1 Related Articles]
- garland crab
- (from the article "crab apple") ...crab (M. spectabilis), Siberian crab (M. baccata), Toringo crab (M. sieboldii), and Japanese crab (M. floribunda). Among the notable American species are the garland, or wild sweet crab (M. coronaria); ...
- garland flower
- (from the article "Daphne") ...mezereon (D. mezereum) is a larger shrub, up to 1.5 m (5 feet), with deciduous leaves and spicy-fragrant pink flowers; the entire plant, including its bright-orange berries, is poisonous. The ...
- Garland the Computist
- (from the article "logic, history of") ...between the time of Boethius and the 12th century. Certainly Byzantium produced nothing of note. In Latin Europe there were a few authors, including Alcuin of York (c. 730-804) and ...
- Garland, Ex parte
- (from the article "Chase, Salmon P.") ...a U.S. military commission in a former Confederate state could try a civilian for opposing those statutes. He dissented when the court invalidated, in Cummings v. Missouri and Ex parte ...
- Garland, Hamlin
- American author perhaps best remembered for his short stories and his autobiographical "Middle Border" series of narratives. [2 Related Articles]
- Garland, Hank
- American musician (b. Nov. 11, 1930, Cowpens, S.C.-d. Dec. 27, 2004, Orange Park, Fla.), was a legendary country, jazz, and rock guitarist, best known for his studio work with such ...
- Garland, John
- English grammarian and poet whose writings were important in the development of medieval Latin. Though much of his life was spent in France, his works were influential mainly in England.
- Garland, Judy
- American singer and actress whose exceptional talents and vulnerabilities combined to make her one of the most enduringly popular Hollywood icons of the 20th century. [5 Related Articles]
- garlic
- (species Allium sativum), bulbous perennial plant of the lily family (Liliaceae). The plant's bulbs are used as a flavouring. A classic ingredient in many national cuisines, garlic has a powerful, ... [4 Related Articles]
- Garlock, John Harry
- (from the article "medicine, history of") ...part of the esophagus is particularly difficult to reach, but in 1909 the British surgeon Arthur Evans successfully operated on it for cancer. But results were generally poor until, in ...
- garment hook
- (from the article "arts, East Asian") ...of gold, silver, jade, glass, and semiprecious stones also indicate the increasing commercial interaction and artistic fascination of the Chinese with the tribal peoples to their north. Bronze garment hooks ...
- Garmes, Lee
- (from the article "1931/32: Other Winners") Original Story: Frances Marion for The ChampAdaptation: Edwin Burke for Bad GirlCinematography: Lee Garmes for Shanghai ExpressArt Direction: Gordon Wiles for TransatlanticHonorary Award: Walt Disney
- Garmisch
- (from the article "Garmisch-Partenkirchen") ...and Partnach valleys, in the Bavarian Alps at the foot of the Zugspitze (9,718 feet [2,962 metres]), which is the highest mountain in Germany. The town, a union of the ...
- Garmisch-Partenkirchen
- market town, Bavaria Land (state), southern Germany. It lies at the junction of the deep Loisach and Partnach valleys, in the Bavarian Alps at the foot of ...
- Garmisch-Partenkirchen Olympics
- (from the article "Olympic Games") Held in a Bavarian resort, the fourth Winter Olympics were opened by Chancellor Adolf Hitler. Although not as politically charged as the 1936 Summer Games in Berlin, the event was ...
- garmsir
- (from the article "Fars") ...is composed mostly of ridges that are prolongations of the Zagros Mountains; the ridges run southeast-northwest and are intersected by plains. Climatically, it divides into two regions: the garmsir and ...
- Garneau, Francois-Xavier
- first outstanding French-Canadian historian, known as the father of Canadian historiography. [1 Related Articles]
- Garneau, Hector de Saint-Denys
- poet who was the cofounder of the important French Canadian literary journal La Releve (1934; "The Relief"). His intense and introspective verse, filled with images of death and despair, set ... [2 Related Articles]
- Garneau, Marc
- Canadian naval officer and astronaut, the first Canadian citizen to go into space.
- Garner, Alan
- British writer whose works, noted for their somewhat idiosyncratic style, appeal primarily to young readers. [1 Related Articles]
- Garner, Erroll
- (from the article "jazz") Equally sui generis yet completely different in intent, technique, and feeling, Garner had developed from his earliest professional days a prodigious both-hands technique (rivaled or surpassed only by Tatum) that ...
- Garner, John Nance
- 32nd vice president of the United States (1933-41) in the Democratic administration of President Franklin D. Roosevelt. He maintained his conservatism despite his prominent position in Roosevelt's New Deal administration. [1 Related Articles]
- Garneray, Auguste
- (from the article "stage design") Auguste Garneray and Hippolyte Lecomte were leading French ballet designers in the 19th century. The former's work shows ingenuity in adapting contemporary dress to suggest different lands and other periods. ...
- Garnerin, Andre-Jacques
- French aeronaut, the first person to use a parachute regularly and successfully. He perfected the parachute and made jumps from greater altitudes than had been possible before.
- garnet
- any member of a group of common silicate minerals that have similar crystal structures and chemical compositions. They may be colourless, black, and many shades of red and green. [5 Related Articles]
- Garnet, Henry Highland
- leading African American abolitionist and clergyman.
- Garnett, Constance
- English translator who made the great works of Russian literature available to English and American readers in the first half of the 20th century. The first to render Dostoyevsky and ...
- Garnett, David
- English novelist, son of Edward and Constance Garnett, who was the most popularly acclaimed writer of this literary family.
- Garnett, Edward
- influential English critic and publisher's reader who discovered, advised, and tutored many of the great British writers of the early 20th century. [1 Related Articles]
- Garnett, Eve
- (from the article "children's literature") Finally it is characterized by the dominance in children's fiction of middle and upper middle class mores; the appearance, in the late 1930s, with Eve Garnett's The Family from One ...
- Garnett, Henry
- English Jesuit superior implicated in the Gunpowder Plot, an abortive conspiracy to destroy the Protestant king James I of England and Parliament while in assembly on Nov. 5, 1605, in ...
- Garnett, Kevin
- American professional basketball player who was one of the most versatile and dominant players of his time. [1 Related Articles]
- Garnett, Richard
- English writer, librarian, and the head of the Garnett family, which exerted a formative influence on the development of modern British writing. From the age of 15 until his retirement ...
- Garnier, Charles
- French architect of the Beaux-Arts style, famed as the creator of the Paris Opera House. He was admitted to the Ecole des Beaux-Arts in 1842 and was awarded the Grand ... [2 Related Articles]
- Garnier, Francis
- French naval officer, colonial administrator, and explorer. [4 Related Articles]
- Garnier, Jean-Pierre
- On Jan. 17, 2000, two of the world's largest pharmaceutical companies, SmithKline Beecham PLC and Glaxo Wellcome PLC, announced that they were merging. The two British giants had tried to ...
- Garnier, Robert
- outstanding French tragic dramatist of his time. [1 Related Articles]
- Garnier, Tony
- a forerunner of 20th-century French architects, notable for his Cite Industrielle, a farsighted plan for an industrial city. He is also remembered, along with Auguste Perret, for the pioneering use ... [2 Related Articles]
- Garnier-Pages, Louis-Antoine
- republican political figure prominent in the opposition to France's monarchical regimes from 1830 to 1870.
- garnierite
- (from the article "mineral deposit") ...peridotites are subjected to lateritic weathering, nickel released from atomic substitution in the primary igneous silicate minerals can be redeposited at and below the water table as the mineral garnierite, ...
- garnish
- an embellishment added to a food to enhance its appearance or taste. Simple garnishes such as chopped herbs, decoratively cut lemons, parsley and watercress sprigs, browned breadcrumbs, sieved hardcooked eggs, ...
- garnishment
- (from Middle French garnir, meaning "to warn"), a process by which a creditor can obtain satisfaction of an indebtedness of the debtor by initiating a proceeding to attach property or ... [2 Related Articles]
- Garo
- (from the article "Bangladesh") Indigenous minority peoples in other parts of Bangladesh include the Santhal, the Khasi, the Garo, and the Hajang. The Santhal peoples live in the northwestern part of Bangladesh, the Khasi ...
- Garo Hills
- physical region, western Meghalaya state, northeastern India. It comprises the western margin of the Shillong Plateau (q.v.) and rises to an elevation of 4,600 feet (1,400 m). Drained by various ...
- Garo language
- (from the article "Table 44: Baric Languages") ...origin, and their languages and dialects belong to these groups. The Khasis are the only people in India speaking a Mon-Khmer language, more commonly found in Southeast Asia. Khasi and ...
- Garo, John
- (from the article "Solomon Islands") In a midyear cabinet reshuffle, the leader of the opposition, John Garo, joined the government of Prime Minister Sir Allan Kemakeza. He was replaced as opposition leader by former prime ...
- Garofalo
- (from the article "whirlpool") Notable oceanic whirlpools include those of Garofalo (supposedly the Charybdis of ancient legend), along the coast of Calabria in southern Italy, and of Messina, in the strait between Sicily and ...
- Garofalo, Benvenuto
- Italian painter, one of the most prolific 16th-century painters of the Ferrarese school.
- Garonne River
- most important river of southwestern France, rising in the Spanish central Pyrenees and flowing into the Atlantic by way of the estuary called the Gironde. It is 357 miles (575 ... [4 Related Articles]
- Garoua
- town, northeastern Cameroon, west central Africa. The town lies along the right bank of the Benue (Benoue) River, north-northeast of Yaounde, the national capital. It is situated at the junction ... [1 Related Articles]
- Garrard, Lewis
- (from the article "primitive culture") ...for that matter, from day to day. Domestic tasks are strictly defined as female and are undertaken only by women even when they seem exceptionally taxing, as attest the following ...
- Garrett
- county, extreme western Maryland, U.S., lying between West Virginia to the west and south and Pennsylvania to the north. Parklands and lakes occupy one-fifth of the county area. Waterways such ... [1 Related Articles]
- Garrett Corporation
- (from the article "Signal Companies, Inc., The") Over the years the company grew through acquisition into a highly sophisticated technological concern. In 1964 it entered the aerospace field by acquiring Garrett Corporation, which manufactured engines, control systems, ...
- Garrett, Emma
- (from the article "Garrett, Mary Smith; and Garrett, Emma") Emma graduated from Alexander Graham Bell's course for teachers of the deaf at the Boston University School of Oratory in 1878 and became a teacher of speech at the Pennsylvania ...
- Garrett, George W.
- (from the article "submarine") A major limitation of the early submarines was their lack of a suitable means of propulsion. In 1880 an English clergyman, George W. Garrett, successfully operated a submarine with steam ...
- Garrett, Joao Baptista da Silva Leitao de Almeida, Visconde De Almeida Garrett
- writer, orator, and statesman who was one of Portugal's finest prose writers, an important playwright, and chief of the country's Romantic poets. [3 Related Articles]
- Garrett, Mary
- (from the article "Garrett, Mary Smith; and Garrett, Emma") ...Dumb in Mount Airy. She was given charge of the newly established Oral Branch of the institution in 1881 and in that same year began teaching summer courses in vocal ...
- Garrett, Mary Smith; and Garrett, Emma
- American educators who, in the contemporary debate over whether to teach sign language or speech and lipreading to deaf children, were prominent advocates of teaching speech.
- Garrett, Pat
- Western U.S. lawman known as the man who killed Billy the Kid (q.v.). [1 Related Articles]
- Garrett, Peter
- (from the article "Australia") ...South Australian Sen. Penny Wong as Australia's first minister in charge of climate change and water resources. Wong, who performed well in the long election campaign, replaced former rock singer ...
- Garrick, David
- English actor, producer, dramatist, poet, and comanager of the Drury Lane Theatre. [14 Related Articles]
- Garrincha
- Brazilian football (soccer) player considered by many to be the best right winger in the history of the sport. An imaginative and skillful dribbler, he starred along with Pele and ...
- Garrison, Wendell Phillips
- (from the article "Nation, The") ...to the New York Evening Post, beginning a long association between the two publications. Godkin became an editor of the Post and Wendell Phillips ...
- Garrison, William Lloyd
- American journalistic crusader who published a newspaper, The Liberator (1831-65), and helped lead the successful abolitionist campaign against slavery in the United States. [14 Related Articles]
- Garrity, Freddie
- British singer and entertainer (b. Nov. 14, 1936, Manchester, Eng.-d. May 19, 2006, Bangor, Wales), was the lead singer for Freddie and the Dreamers, a British Invasion-era rock group that ...
- Garro, Elena
- Mexican writer whose novels, plays, and short stories revealed an intelligence and lyric intensity that made her one of the country's leading literary voices; she became politically active during her ...
- Garrod, Dorothy Annie Elizabeth
- English archaeologist who directed excavations at Mount Carmel, Palestine (1929-34), uncovering skeletal remains of primary importance to the study of human evolution. [1 Related Articles]
- Garrod, Sir Archibald Edward
- (from the article "heredity") In 1902 and 1909, English physician Sir Archibald Garrod initiated the analysis of inborn errors of metabolism in humans in terms of biochemical genetics. Alkaptonuria, inherited as a recessive, is ...
- Garros, Pey de
- Provencal poet whose work raised the Gascon dialect to the rank of a literary language in 16th-century France.
- Garros, Roland
- (from the article "Cocteau, Jean") ...there was later used in his novel Thomas l'imposteur (1923; Thomas the Imposter or The Imposter). He became a friend of the aviator Roland ...
- garrote
- device used in strangling condemned persons. In one form it consists of an iron collar attached to a post. The victim's neck is placed in the collar, and the collar ...
- Garryaceae
- (from the article "Garryales") small order of flowering plants consisting of 18 species in 2 families, Garryaceae and Eucommiaceae. Members of the order are woody, with distinct male and female plants.Garrya
- Garryales
- small order of flowering plants consisting of 18 species in 2 families, Garryaceae and Eucommiaceae. Members of the order are woody, with distinct male and female plants.
- Garshin, Vsevolod Mikhaylovich
- Russian short-story writer whose works helped to foster the vogue enjoyed by that genre in Russia in the late 19th century. [1 Related Articles]
- Garson, Greer
- motion-picture actress whose classic beauty and screen persona of elegance, poise, and maternal virtue made her one of the most popular and admired Hollywood stars of the World War II ... [2 Related Articles]
- Garstang, John
- English archaeologist who made major contributions to the study of the ancient history and prehistory of Asia Minor and Palestine.
- garter snake
- any of more than a dozen species of nonvenomous snakes having a striped pattern suggesting a garter: typically, one or three longitudinal yellow to red stripes, between which are checkered ... [1 Related Articles]
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