| | - Galindo, Gabriel Lewis
- Panamanian businessman, foreign-policy expert, and diplomat who, as Panama's ambassador to the U.S. during the late 1970s, was instrumental in helping the U.S. government reach agreement on and ratify treaties ...
- Galingale
- (from the article "Cyperaceae") The six largest genera within the Cyperaceae account for about 3,500 species, nearly three-quarters of the total species: Carex (sedges; see photograph), with about 2,000 species; Cyperus, with nearly 650 ...
- Galinthias
- in Greek mythology, a friend (or servant) of Alcmene, the mother of Zeus's son Heracles (Hercules). When Alcmene was in labour, Zeus's jealous wife, Hera, sent her daughter Eileithyia, the ...
- Galitzen, Michael Riley
- American diver who won four Olympic medals.
- Galiwinku
- island in the Arafura Sea, 2 miles (3 km) across Cadell Strait from Napier Peninsula, a part of Northern Territory, Australia, and of the Arnhem Land Aboriginal Reserve. It is ...
- Gall
- Hunkpapa Sioux war chief, who was one of the most important military leaders at the Battle of the Little Bighorn (June 25, 1876). [1 Related Articles]
- gall
- (from the article "gall") an abnormal, localized outgrowth or swelling of plant tissue caused by infection from bacteria, fungi, viruses, and nematodes or irritation by insects and mites. See black knot; cedar-apple rust; clubroot; ...
- gall flower
- (from the article "Rosales") ...hard-shelled fruit termed the achene. The fig itself is actually a collection of many of these achenes surrounded by the fleshy tissue of the syconium. The short-styled flowers are called ...
- gall fly
- any of several different species of insects that cause swelling (galls) in the tissues of the plants they feed on. This group includes gall midges and certain fruit flies (order ...
- gall midge
- any minute, delicate insect (order Diptera) characterized by beaded, somewhat hairy antennae and few veins in the short-haired wings. The brightly coloured larvae live in leaves and flowers, usually causing ... [2 Related Articles]
- gall wasp
- any of a group of wasps in the family Cynipidae (order Hymenoptera) that are notable for their ability to stimulate the growth of galls (tissue swellings) on plants. Some gall ... [2 Related Articles]
- Gall, Franz Joseph
- German anatomist and physiologist, a pioneer in ascribing cerebral functions to various areas of the brain (localization). He originated phrenology, the attempt to divine individual intellect and personality from an ... [2 Related Articles]
- Gall, Saint
- Irish monk who helped spread Irish influence while introducing Christianity to western Europe. [1 Related Articles]
- Galla Placidia, Mausoleum of
- (from the article "Ravenna") One of the earliest of Ravenna's extant monuments is the mausoleum of Galla Placidia, built in the 5th century AD by Galla Placidia, the sister of the emperor Honorius. Its ...
- Gallacini, Teofilo
- (from the article "Western architecture") ...before he died) did not appear until well into the 18th century. Other Italian publications tended to be repetitions of earlier ideas with the exception of a tardily published manuscript ...
- Gallagher and Shean
- celebrated American vaudeville team especially known for their patter song Absolutely, Mr. Gallagher? Positively, Mr. Shean! Ed Gallagher (in full Edward Gallagher; b. 1863?, San Francisco, Calif., ...
- Gallagher, Ed
- (from the article "Gallagher and Shean") Both men began separate careers as comedy and variety troupers in small-time burlesque and vaudeville before joining in 1910 to form the act of "Gallagher and Shean." They went separate ...
- Gallagher, John Patrick
- Canadian geologist and industrialist who founded (1950) Dome Petroleum Ltd., built it into a large, successful oil and gas company, and pioneered in exploration in the Beaufort Sea area; he ...
- Gallagher, Liam
- (from the article "Britpop") ...(in full Noel Thomas David Gallagher; b. May 29, 1967Manchester) and singer Liam Gallagher (byname of William John Paul Gallagher; b. Sept. 21, 1972Manchester). They were...
- Gallagher, Noel
- (from the article "Britpop") Oasis stood for authenticity. At heart the band was two brothers from Manchester, guitarist-songwriter Noel Gallagher (in full Noel Thomas David Gallagher; b. May 29, 1967Manchester) and singer Liam ...
- Gallagher, Rory
- Irish blues-rock guitarist, singer, and composer (b. March 2, 1948--d. June 14, 1995).
- Gallagher, Tess
- American poet, author of naturalistic, introspective verse about self-discovery, womanhood, and family life.
- Gallagher, Tom
- (from the article "Tony Blair: A 10-Year Retrospective") On May 10, 2007-almost exactly 10 years after he became Britain's youngest prime minister since the Napoleonic wars-Tony Blair announced that he would officially tender his resignation in June. Blair's ...
- Galland, Adolf
- German fighter ace and officer who commanded the fighter forces of the Luftwaffe (German air force) during World War II. [1 Related Articles]
- Galland, Antoine
- French Orientalist and scholar, best known for his adaptation of the Middle Eastern tales Les Mille et une nuits (1704-17; The Thousand and One Nights). [1 Related Articles]
- Gallant Fox
- (foaled 1927), American racehorse (Thoroughbred) who in 1930 won the U.S. Triple Crown-the Kentucky Derby, the Preakness Stakes, and the Belmont Stakes. A bay colt sired by Sir Gallahad III ... [3 Related Articles]
- Gallant, Mavis
- Canadian-born writer of essays, novels, plays, and especially short stories, almost all of which were published initially in The New Yorker magazine. In unsentimental prose and with ... [2 Related Articles]
- Gallas, Matthias, Count Von Campo, Duke Von Lucera
- imperial general whose ineffectiveness severely damaged the Habsburg cause in the latter stages of the Thirty Years' War. [1 Related Articles]
- Gallatin
- city, seat of Sumner county, north-central Tennessee, U.S., near the Cumberland River, about 25 miles (40 km) northeast of Nashville. Founded in 1802, the city was named for Albert Gallatin, ...
- Gallatin River
- river rising in the Gallatin Range in the northwestern corner of Yellowstone National Park, Wyoming, U.S., and flowing 120 miles (193 km) north to Three Forks, in southwestern Montana. There ...
- Gallatin School of Individualized Study
- (from the article "New York University") ...school; a college of dentistry; a law school; a school of social work; a school of the arts, with training in the performing and visual arts; and a school of ...
- Gallatin, Albert
- fourth U.S. secretary of the Treasury (1801-14). He insisted upon a continuity of sound governmental fiscal policies when the Republican (Jeffersonian) Party assumed national political power, and he was instrumental ... [4 Related Articles]
- Gallaudet University
- (from the article "Washington") ...and is supported largely by federal appropriations. The University of the District of Columbia, which had its origins in 1851, was formed by a merger of several municipal institutions in ...
- Gallaudet, Thomas Hopkins
- educational philanthropist and founder of the first American school for the deaf.
- gallbladder
- a muscular membranous sac that stores and concentrates bile, a fluid that is received from the liver and is important in digestion. Situated beneath the liver, the gallbladder is pear-shaped ... [4 Related Articles]
- Galle
- port and city, Sri Lanka, situated on a large harbour on the island's southern coast. Galle dates from the 13th century, possibly much earlier, but it became the island's chief ... [2 Related Articles]
- Galle, Emile
- celebrated French designer and pioneer in technical innovations in glass. He was a leading initiator of the Art Nouveau style and of the modern renaissance of French art glass. [2 Related Articles]
- Galle, Johann Gottfried
- German astronomer who on Sept. 23, 1846, was the first to observe the planet Neptune. [2 Related Articles]
- galleass
- (from the article "naval ship") The coming of mighty men-of-war did not mean the immediate end of oared warships. In fact, some types of galleys and oared gunboats continued to serve well into the 19th ...
- Gallegos
- (from the article "Patagonia") ...permanent streams of Andean origin (the Colorado, Negro, Chubut, Senguerr, Chico, and Santa Cruz rivers). Most of the valleys either have intermittent streams-such as the Shehuen, Coig, and Gallegos rivers, ...
- Gallegos, Blasco
- (from the article "Rio Gallegos") Founded in 1885, it was named for Blasco Gallegos, one of Ferdinand Magellan's pilots, who is credited with discovering the river. Prehistoric cave paintings near the city are reminiscent of ...
- Gallegos, Romulo
- president of Venezuela (in 1948) and novelist, best known for his forceful novels that dramatize the overpowering natural aspects of the Venezuelan Llanos (grasslands), the local folklore, and such social ... [3 Related Articles]
- Gallehus Horns
- pair of gold, horn-shaped artifacts from 5th-century Scandinavia that constituted the most notable examples of goldwork of that period. They were unearthed at Gallehus, Jutland, Den., in 1639 and 1734 ... [1 Related Articles]
- galleon
- full-rigged sailing ship that was built primarily for war, and which developed in the 15th and 16th centuries. The name derived from "galley," which had come to be synonymous with ... [5 Related Articles]
- Galleria Umberto I
- (from the article "Naples") ...Naples has no modern parallel, the San Carlo remains an important element of Europe's musical life. Across the busy intersection from the San Carlo, the late 19th-century arcades of the ...
- Galleriinae
- (from the article "lepidopteran") ...wing venation; small subfamily Nymphulinae has aquatic larvae with tracheal gills for living in still or running fresh water; larvae of subfamily Pyralinae are mostly scavengers, as are those of ...
- gallery
- in architecture, any covered passage that is open at one side, such as a portico or a colonnade. More specifically, in late medieval and Renaissance Italian architecture, it is a ...
- gallery camera
- (from the article "photoengraving") ...on a plane surface, without the distortions common (though usually unnoticed) in the average portrait or amateur camera lens. Process cameras are designated as gallery or darkroom types. The gallery ...
- gallery grave
- long chamber grave, a variant of the collective tomb burials that spread into western and northwestern Europe from the Aegean area during the final stage of the northern Stone Age ... [1 Related Articles]
- galleta
- (from the article "Hilaria") in botany, genus of perennial grasses in the family Poaceae, consisting of about seven species native primarily to warm, dry areas of southern North America. They are known variously as ...
- galley
- (from the article "proofreading") ...publication. Proofreading dates from the early days of printing. A contract of 1499 held the author finally responsible for correction of proofs. In modern practice, proofs are made first from ...
- galley
- large seagoing vessel propelled primarily by oars. The Egyptians, Cretans, and other ancient peoples used sail-equipped galleys for both war and commerce. The Phoenicians were apparently the first to introduce ... [4 Related Articles]
- Galley Hill man
- (from the article "primate") While new discoveries have clarified the human story, older ones, which had served only to cloud it, have been repudiated. Piltdown man was shown unequivocally to be a fake in ...
- galley proof
- (from the article "proofreading") ...A contract of 1499 held the author finally responsible for correction of proofs. In modern practice, proofs are made first from a galley, a long tray holding a column of ...
- galley warfare
- sea warfare fought between forces equipped with specialized oar-driven warships, particularly in the Mediterranean Sea, where it originated in antiquity and continued into the age of gunpowder.
- Gallgaidhel
- (from the article "Galloway") The name Galloway is derived from the Gallgaidhel, or Gallwyddel ("Stranger Gaels"), the original Celtic people of this region, called Novantae by the Romans. The last "king" of Galloway died ...
- Galli
- priests, often temple attendants or wandering mendicants, of the ancient Asiatic deity, the Great Mother of the Gods, known as Cybele, or Agdistis, in Greek and Latin literature. The Galli ... [3 Related Articles]
- Galli-Curci, Amelita
- Italian-born American singer, one of the outstanding operatic sopranos of her time.
- Gallia Comata
- (Three Gauls), in Roman antiquity, the land of Gaul that included the three provinces of (1) Aquitania, bordered by the Bay of Biscay on the west and the Pyrenees on ... [2 Related Articles]
- Galliano, John Charles
- The arrival in October 1996 of maverick British fashion designer John Galliano as designer in chief at Christian Dior heralded a fresh start for the beleaguered reputation of haute couture. ... [2 Related Articles]
- galliard
- (French gaillard: "lively"), vigorous 16th-century European court dance. Its four hopping steps and one high leap permitted athletic gentlemen to show off for their partners. Performed as the afterdance of ... [3 Related Articles]
- gallic acid
- substance occurring in many plants, either in the free state or combined as gallotannin. It is present to the extent of 40-60 percent combined as gallotannic acid in tara (any ... [4 Related Articles]
- Gallic Wars
- (58-50 BC), campaigns in which the Roman proconsul Julius Caesar conquered Gaul. Clad in the bloodred cloak he usually wore "as his distinguishing mark of battle," Caesar led his troops ... [4 Related Articles]
- Gallican chant
- music of the ancient Latin Roman Catholic liturgy in the Gaul of the Franks from about the 5th to the 9th century. Scholars assume that a simple and uniform liturgy ...
- Gallican Confession
- statement of faith adopted in 1559 in Paris by the first National Synod of the Reformed Church of France. Based on a 35-article draft of a confession prepared by John ... [1 Related Articles]
- Gallican Psalter
- (from the article "biblical literature") ...the liturgy at Rome. The second, produced in Palestine from the Hexaplaric Septuagint, tended to bring the Latin closer to the Hebrew. Its popularity in Gaul was such that it ...
- Gallicanism
- a complex of French ecclesiastical and political doctrines and practices advocating restriction of papal power; it characterized the life of the Roman Catholic Church in France at certain periods. [14 Related Articles]
- Gallico, Paul
- (from the article "Golden Gloves") ...Tribune. First sponsored by the Tribune in 1926, annual tournaments were held between Chicago and New York teams from 1927. The New York organizer was Paul Gallico ...
- Gallieni, Joseph-Simon
- French army officer figure who successfully directed the pacification of the French Sudan and Madagascar and the integration of those African territories into the French colonial empire. [5 Related Articles]
- Gallienus
- Roman emperor jointly with his father, Valerian, from 253 until 260, then sole emperor to 268. [4 Related Articles]
- Galliffet, Gaston-Alexandre-Auguste, marquis de, Prince De Martigues
- French military leader who severely suppressed revolts in the Paris Commune in 1871.
- galliform
- any of the gallinaceous (that is, fowl-like or chickenlike) birds. The order includes about 290 species, of which the best-known are the turkeys, chickens, quail, partridge, pheasant and peacock (Phasianidae); ... [2 Related Articles]
- Gallimard, Gaston
- French publisher whose firm was one of the most influential publishing houses of the 20th century. [1 Related Articles]
- Gallimimus
- (from the article "dinosaur") ...as evidence of high metabolic levels. For example, the ostrichlike dinosaurs, such as Struthiomimus, Ornithomimus, Gallimimus, and Dromiceiomimus, ...
- gallinule
- any of several species of marsh birds belonging to the rail family, Rallidae, in the order Gruiformes. Gallinules occur in temperate, tropical, and subtropical regions worldwide and are about the ... [1 Related Articles]
- Gallio, Junius
- Roman official who dismissed the charges brought by the Jews against the apostle Paul (Acts 18:12-17).
- Gallipoli
- seaport and town, European Turkey. It lies on a narrow peninsula where the Dardanelles opens into the Sea of Marmara, 126 miles (203 km) west-southwest of Istanbul. An important Byzantine ...
- Gallipoli Peninsula
- (from the article "Murad I") ...emperor John V Palaeologus to become a vassal. Adrianople was renamed Edirne, and it became Murad's capital. In 1366 a crusade commanded by Amadeus VI of Savoy rescued the Byzantines ...
- Gallipoli, battle of
- (from the article "Monash, Sir John") Monash attended Scotch College and Melbourne University, obtaining degrees in the arts, civil engineering, and law. Active in the prewar militia, he commanded an infantry brigade at the Battle of ...
- Gallipolis
- city, seat (1803) of Gallia county, southern Ohio, U.S., on the Ohio River, near its junction with the Kanawha River, about 30 miles (50 km) north-northeast of Huntington, W.Va. The ...
- Gallitzin, Demetrius Augustine
- one of the first Roman Catholic priests to serve as a missionary to European immigrants in the United States during the early 19th century. He was known as the "Apostle ...
- gallium
- chemical element, metal of main Group 13 (IIIa, or boron group) of the periodic table. It liquefies just above room temperature. [2 Related Articles]
- gallium arsenide
- (from the article "crystal") Besides the elemental semiconductors, such as silicon and germanium, some binary crystals are covalently bonded. Gallium has three electrons in the outer shell, while arsenic lacks three. Gallium arsenide (GaAs) ...
- gallium arsenide chip
- (from the article "computer") ...increase, cryogenic cooling systems may become necessary. Because storage battery technologies have not kept pace with power consumption in portable devices, there has been renewed interest in gallium arsenide (GaAs) ...
- gallium arsenide epitaxy
- (from the article "epitaxy") ...vapour by thermally heating the constituent source materials. For example, silicon can be placed in a crucible or cell for silicon epitaxy, or gallium and arsenic can be placed in ...
- gallium hydride
- (from the article "hydride") ...hydrides can be formed from boron (B), aluminum (Al), and gallium (Ga) of group 13 in the periodic table. Boron forms an extensive series of hydrides. The neutral hydrogen compounds ...
- gallium phosphide
- (from the article "lamp") ...and drop to a state of lower energy. Part of the released energy is emitted as a photon. The colour of light given off depends on the crystal material used. ...
- Gallivare
- (from the article "mineral deposit") ...of a hydrothermal solution that deposited the magnetite. Many experts draw the latter conclusion. Considerable controversy also surrounds the origin of the famous Swedish iron ores at Kiruna and Gallivare. ...
- gallnut ink
- (from the article "drawing") Although all dyestuffs of low viscosity lend themselves to pen drawing, the various inks are most often employed. The manufacture of gallnut ink had been known from the medieval scriptoria ...
- gallo pinto
- (from the article "Nicaragua") Nicaraguan cuisine is a mixture of indigenous and Creole traditions. The country's national dish is gallo pinto (fried rice mixed with black beans and other spices). Corn ...
- Gallo, Ernest
- American winegrower together with his brother Julio, founded (1933) E.&J. Gallo Winery in Modesto and built an empire by shaping American drinking tastes with inexpensive nonvintage wines. The brothers ...
- Gallo, Joseph
- (from the article "Colombo, Joseph A., Sr.") ...28, 1971, Colombo, speaking at an Italian-American rally in Columbus Circle, was shot by a young black man, who was himself immediately slain. Colombo was probably the target of the ...
- Gallo, Julio Robert
- U.S. winegrower (b. March 21, 1910, Oakland, Calif.--d. May 2, 1993, near Tracy, Calif.), together with his older brother, Ernest, founded (1933) E.&J. Gallo Winery in Modesto, Calif., and built ...
- Gallo-Italian
- (from the article "Romance languages") ...however, these variant dialects form a continuum of intelligibility, although geographically distant dialects may be radically different. The northern dialects include what are often called the Gallo-Italian dialects (Piedmontese, Lombard, ...
- gallon
- (from the article "British Imperial and U.S. Customary systems of weights and measures") ...on the basis of precise definitions of selected existing units. The 1824 act sanctioned a single imperial gallon to replace the wine, ale, and corn (wheat) gallons then in general ...
- gallop
- accelerated canter in which the rider's weight is brought sharply forward as the horse reaches speeds up to 30 miles (50 km) an hour. [3 Related Articles]
- gallotannin
- (from the article "tannin") ...condensed. Hydrolyzable tannins (decomposable in water, with which they react to form other substances), yield various water-soluble products, such as gallic acid and protocatechuic acid and sugars. Gallotannin, or common ...
- Galloway
- traditional region, southwestern Scotland, comprising the historic counties of Kirkcudbrightshire and Wigtownshire, which form the central and western portions of Dumfries and Galloway council area. Galloway is bounded by the ... [1 Related Articles]
- Galloway
- (from the article "livestock farming") Although the native home of the Galloway breed is the ancient region of Galloway in southwestern Scotland, it probably had a common origin with the Angus. The Galloway is distinguished ...
- Galloway Plan
- (from the article "Galloway, Joseph") ...by pleading cases before the Supreme Court of Pennsylvania before he was 20. Elected to the provincial assembly in 1756, he occupied the powerful post of speaker from 1766 to ...
- Galloway, James
- (from the article "Xenia") ...as a trading centre for farmers and stock raisers. Small manufactures (furniture, cordage, plastics, castings, and aircraft components) supplement its agricultural base. The log cabin (1799) of James Galloway, frontier ...
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