an abnormal, localized outgrowth or swelling of plant tissue caused by infection from bacteria, fungi, viruses, and nematodes or irritation by insects and mites. See black knot; cedar-apple rust; clubroot; ...
any of several different insects that cause tissue swelling (galls) in plants. Included are gall midges and certain fruit flies (order Diptera), gall wasps (order Hymenoptera), and some aphids (order ...
(family Cecidomyiidae, or Itonididae), any minute, delicate insect (order Diptera) characterized by beaded, somewhat hairy antennae and few veins in the short-haired wings. The brightly coloured larvae live in leaves ...
(subfamily Cynipinae), any of a group of insects (family Cynipidae, order Hymenoptera), notable for their ability to stimulate the growth of galls (tissue swellings) on plants. Some gall wasp species ...
German anatomist and physiologist, a pioneer in ascribing cerebral functions to various areas of the brain (localization). He originated phrenology, the attempt to divine individual intellect and personality from an ...
French Orientalist and scholar, best known for his adaptation of the Middle Eastern tales Les Mille et une nuits (1704-17; The Thousand and One Nights).
(foaled 1927), American racehorse (Thoroughbred) who in 1930 won the U.S. Triple Crown-the Kentucky Derby, the Preakness Stakes, and the Belmont Stakes. A bay colt sired by Sir Gallahad III ...
Canadian-born writer of essays, novels, plays, and especially short stories, almost all of which were published initially in The New Yorker magazine. In unsentimental prose and with ...
city, seat of Sumner county, north-central Tennessee, U.S., near the Cumberland River, about 25 miles (40 km) northeast of Nashville. Founded in 1802, the city was named for Albert Gallatin, ...
river rising in the Gallatin Range in the northwestern corner of Yellowstone National Park, Wyoming, U.S., and flowing 120 miles (193 km) north to Three Forks, in southwestern Montana. There ...
fourth U.S. secretary of the Treasury (1801-14). He insisted upon a continuity of sound governmental fiscal policies when the Republican (Jeffersonian) Party assumed national political power, and he was instrumental ...
a muscular membranous sac that stores and concentrates bile, a fluid that is received from the liver and is important in digestion. Situated beneath the liver, the gallbladder is pear-shaped ...
port and city, Sri Lanka, situated on a large harbour on the island's southern coast. Galle dates from the 13th century, possibly much earlier, but it became the island's chief ...
celebrated French designer and pioneer in technical innovations in glass. He was a leading initiator of the Art Nouveau style and of the modern renaissance of French art glass.
president of Venezuela (in 1948) and novelist, best known for his forceful novels that dramatize the overpowering natural aspects of the Venezuelan Llanos (grasslands), the local folklore, and such social ...
pair of gold, horn-shaped artifacts from 5th-century Scandinavia that constituted the most notable examples of goldwork of that period. They were unearthed at Gallehus, Jutland, Den., in 1639 and 1734 ...
full-rigged sailing ship that was built primarily for war, and which developed in the 15th and 16th centuries. The name derived from "galley," which had come to be synonymous with ...
in architecture, any covered passage that is open at one side, such as a portico or a colonnade. More specifically, in late medieval and Renaissance Italian architecture, it is a ...
long chamber grave, a variant of the collective tomb burials that spread into western and northwestern Europe from the Aegean area during the final stage of the northern Stone Age ...
large seagoing vessel propelled primarily by oars. The Egyptians, Cretans, and other ancient peoples used sail-equipped galleys for both war and commerce. The Phoenicians were apparently the first to introduce ...
priests, often temple attendants or wandering mendicants, of the ancient Asiatic deity, the Great Mother of the Gods, known as Cybele, or Agdistis, in Greek and Latin literature. The galli ...
(Three Gauls), in Roman antiquity, the land of Gaul that included the three provinces of (1) Aquitania, bordered by the Bay of Biscay on the west and the Pyrenees on ...
(French gaillard: "lively"), vigorous 16th-century European court dance. Its four hopping steps and one high leap permitted athletic gentlemen to show off for their partners. Performed as the afterdance of ...
substance occurring in many plants, either in the free state or combined as gallotannin. It is present to the extent of 40-60 percent combined as gallotannic acid in tara (any ...
(58-50 BC), campaigns in which the Roman proconsul Julius Caesar conquered Gaul. Clad in the bloodred cloak he usually wore "as his distinguishing mark of battle," Caesar led his troops ...
music of the ancient Latin Roman Catholic liturgy in the Gaul of the Franks from about the 5th to the 9th century. Scholars assume that a simple and uniform liturgy ...
statement of faith adopted in 1559 in Paris by the first National Synod of the Reformed Church of France. Based on a 35-article draft of a confession prepared by John ...
a complex of French ecclesiastical and political doctrines and practices advocating restriction of papal power; it characterized the life of the Roman Catholic Church in France at certain periods.
French army officer figure who successfully directed the pacification of the French Sudan and Madagascar and the integration of those African territories into the French colonial empire.
(order Galliformes), any of the gallinaceous (i.e., fowl-like or chickenlike) birds. The order includes about 240 species, of which the best known are the turkeys (family Meleagrididae); chickens, quail, partridge, ...
any of several species of marsh birds belonging to the rail family, Rallidae, in the order Gruiformes. Gallinules occur in temperate, tropical, and subtropical regions worldwide and are about the ...
seaport and town, European Turkey. It lies on a narrow peninsula where the Dardanelles opens into the Sea of Marmara, 126 miles (203 km) west-southwest of Istanbul. An important Byzantine ...
city, seat (1803) of Gallia county, southern Ohio, U.S., on the Ohio River, near its junction with the Kanawha River, 30 mi (48 km) north-northeast of Huntington, W.Va. The third ...
one of the first Roman Catholic priests to serve as a missionary to European immigrants in the United States during the early 19th century. He was known as the "Apostle ...
traditional region, southwestern Scotland, comprising the historic counties of Kirkcudbrightshire and Wigtownshire, which form the central and western portions of Dumfries and Galloway council area. Galloway is bounded by the ...
distinguished American colonial attorney and legislator who remained loyal to Great Britain at the time of the American Revolution (1775-83). His effort in 1774 to settle differences peacefully narrowly missed ...
concretion composed of crystalline substances (usually cholesterol, bile pigments, and calcium salts) embedded in a small amount of protein material formed most often in the gallbladder. The most common type ...
city, seat (1901) of McKinley county, northwestern New Mexico, U.S., on the Puerco River, near the Arizona state line. Settled in 1880 as a Westward Overland Stagecoach stop, it became ...
American public-opinion statistician whose Gallup Poll became almost synonymous with public-opinion surveys. Gallup helped to advance the public's trust in survey research in 1936 when he, Elmo Roper, and Archibald ...
Roman soldier and poet, famous for four books of poems to his mistress "Lycoris" (the actress Volumnia, stage name Cytheris), which, in ancient opinion, made him the first of the ...
French mathematician famous for his contributions to the part of higher algebra now known as group theory. His theory provided a solution to the long-standing question of determining when an ...
daughter of Athanagild, Visigothic king of Spain; sister of Brunhild, queen of Austrasia; and wife of Chilperic I, the Merovingian king of Neustria. Galswintha and Chilperic were married at Rouen ...
mountain range, extending across the border between southwestern County Tipperary and southeastern County Limerick, southern Ireland. The range has the east-west trend characteristic of the extreme south of the country. ...
Italian physician and physicist who investigated the nature and effects of what he conceived to be electricity in animal tissue. His discoveries led to the invention of the voltaic pile, ...
protection of iron or steel against exposure to the atmosphere and consequent rusting by application of a zinc coating. Properly applied, galvanizing may protect from atmospheric corrosion for 15 to ...
instrument for measuring a small electrical current or a function of the current by deflection of a moving coil. The deflection is a mechanical rotation derived from forces resulting from ...
city, seat (1838) of Galveston county, southeastern Texas, U.S., 51 miles (82 km) southeast of Houston. It is a major deepwater port on the Gulf Intracoastal Waterway, at the northeast ...
inlet of the Gulf of Mexico, on the southeastern shore of Texas, U.S. Protected from the gulf by the Bolivar Peninsula and Galveston Island, the shallow bay (average depth is ...
Spanish colonial administrator particularly noted for his work as inspector general (visitador general) in New Spain (Mexico), 1765-71. Among his important accomplishments were the reorganization of the tax system, the ...
novelist and biographer, whose documentation of a wide range of social ills in Argentina in the first half of the 20th century earned him an important position in modern Spanish ...
county in the province of Connaught (Connacht), western Ireland. It is bounded by the Atlantic Ocean (west) and by Counties Mayo (north), Roscommon (north and east), Offaly (east), Tipperary (southeast), ...
neoclassical poet and author of the Brazilian epic poem O Uraguai (1769), an account of the Portuguese-Spanish expedition against the Jesuit-controlled reservation Indians of the Uruguay River basin.
